The History Of Management Essay

The History of Management Essay
Introduction
Management in business is the coordination of people to accomplish set goals efficiently and effectively. It comprises of
planning, organising, staffing, leading, and controlling an organisation. Management itself is also an academic discipline, a
social science whose object of study is social organisation in order to accomplish a mutual goal.
Since the dawning of civilisation, the value of the collaboration of people has been identified as a powerful method of
advancement in all areas. The need, therefore, to organise people and resources was clearly evident. The concept of
'management' has grown over thousands of years and various management methods have also evolved in tandem. The
historical progression of human ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Renaissance times, successful artists such as Michaelangelo essentially became managers in their own right when demand
became too much for the amount of work they were able to supply independently. Therefore, it became necessary to become
managers and to employ other artists to complete works such as the Sistine Chapel or the Laurentian Library in Florence. The
Building of The Great Wall of China. Available at: http://www.china–mike.com/china–tourist–attractions/great–wall–
china/construction–history/
2. The Industrial Revolution
Between 1770 and 1850, during the Industrial Revolution in England, huge changes occurred in society. In this time, huge
Industrial growth occurred due to advancements in power, transport and communication. Inventions such as the steam engine
allowed industries to expand and transport goods and materials with ease. Communication improved also due to the arrival of
the telegraph, telephone and radio. This industrialisation continued at a rapid pace with the economy in the western world
shifting from mainly agricultural to being involved with manufacturing goods and industrial markets. This change required
more structured and coherent management methods to be created. It wasn't until the early 1900s however that formal theories
of management started to be formulated with the arrival of classical schools of management. A
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Byd, Porter Diamond
National Competitive Advantage of China in Electric Mobility: The Case of BYD Corresponding Author: Kasperk, Garnet
Center of International Automobile Management, RWTH Aachen University Templergraben 64, 52062 Aachen, Germany,
gk@im.rwth–aachen.de Phone +49 241 80 93348, Fax +49 241 80 93248 Wilhelm, Jan Chair of Organization, RWTH Aachen
University, Templergraben 64, 52062 Aachen, Germany, jw@im.rwth–aachen.de Wagner, Wolfgang Volkswagen Corporate
University, China Cuipingbeilixiqu, 16Haolou–1Danyuan, 2311; 101121 Beijing, Tongzhou District, China.
wagnerclean@gmail.com Abstract Whereas in Europe, national activities to drive e–mobility forward still have to be
coordinated at EU level, Chinese leaders have adopted a plan aimed at ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Porter, 1990) A stable and strong government is crucial in this phase, as it ensures continuity of decision making. The World
Economic Forum ranks China 8th worldwide in macroeconomic stability (World Economic Forum, 2009). Unlike many
western societies, whose frequent elections and wide range of varying values within the political system imply the risk of
policy changes, China has but one all–embracing party, the CPC, guaranteeing a high level of stability. figure 2: comparison
china / efficiency–driven economies (world economic forum, 2009) In comparison with other efficiency–driven economies,
China is outperforming the average in all aspects but technological readiness and financial market sophistication. According to
Porter, investment–driven economies may gain a competitive edge in industries with economies of scale, high capital costs and
high labour intensity. They ought to CIAM Working Paper 2 specialize in standardized products with relatively low service
requirements. The technologies used should at best be easily transferable, a wide availability of core technologies via multiple
international sources being preferable. The electric mobility sector meets all of these prerequisites, so China is ready to pursue
the challenge of gaining excellence in this particular industry. The following section provides an overview of selected
favourable aspects of the diamond dimensions with regard to the

A Project on Industrial Relations and Labour Welfare
Quality of Working Life, Industrial Relations and Labour Productivity
Report from two workshops in WORK–IN–NET Stockholm, May 25–27, 2005 Horst Hart, Erling Ribbing, Kenneth
Abrahamsson
WORK–IN–NET
Labour and innovation: Work–oriented innovations – a key to better employment, cohesion and competitiveness in a
knowledge–intensive society
–2–
WIN–Coordinator's Foreword
This report is based on the main findings of two workshops on Quality of Working Life, Industrial Relations and Labour
Productivity as part of the WORK–IN–NET project. The workshops were organised by FAS, the Swedish Council for working
life and social research, and VINNOVA, the Swedish Innovation Agency, and were held in Stockholm in the end of May 2005.
WORK–IN–NET is a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Stockholm, June 30, 2005
Kenneth Abrahamsson Programme Director, FAS
Erling Ribbing Programme Manager, VINNOVA
–5–
–6–
Contents
WIN–Coordinator's Foreword.................................................................................................... 3 Foreword by the Swedish
partners ............................................................................................. 5 Introduction by the
rapporteur.................................................................................................... 9 PART 1: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
and economic growth................................. 11 CSR in a comparative
context.............................................................................................. 11 Trends and developments in Swedish Working Life –
Overview of recent changes concerning work organisation, innovation, mobility and social corporate culture .............. 12
VINNOVA's profile on Innovative Working Life............................................................... 16 (1) The generic WLD
programme.................................................................................... 16 (2) Integrated WLD in technical R&D
programmes........................................................ 16 (3) Innovation system research programme
..................................................................... 17 Work life perspectives on innovation and innovation systems – Where are we
heading? .. 18 Some

Local Literature
foriegn Literature review Follow–up or tracer studies have enjoyed popularity in LIS training needs/ assessment analyses over
the past 20 years in Africa in studies by scholars such as Anadiran (1988) in Nigeria; Alemna (1991, 1999) and Kisie du (1993)
in Ghana; Rosenberg (1989, 1994) in Kenya; Ocholla (2001 and 2005) and Stilwell (2004) in South Africa Rugambwa (1998)
and Mammo (2007) in Ethiopia; Aina and Moahi (1999) in Botswana; and Lutwana and Kigongo – Bukenya (2004) in
Uganda. Mammo (2007) conducted a study on the status of LIS education in Ethiopia and the perceptions of graduates on the
LIS program me. The study revealed that in one university ,the LIS program me changed to Information Systems because of
university–wide changes ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Jimenez was responsible for coining the latest tourism come–on, "It's More Fun in the Philippines." He talked about literature
and how it can help the tourism industry which, as we all know, has yet to be fully exploited. So many countries in our part of
the world, particularly Thailand, have reaped millions from the flood of tourists visiting these countries. We get only a trickle,
for though we have great possibilities, there is not enough global interest in our country and its attractions. Much of this is due
to our own myopia, of our leaders who do not understand or realize the myriad possibilities here if we only know how to use
them! Jimenez should produce long–range programs. This is one common fault of government; a new administration takes
over and new policies are made no continuity is pursued. Will the slogan, "It's More Fun in the Philippines" last only three
years from now.? Will it be replaced when a new administration takes over? This is a minor point; will initiatives today be
continued in the future? Does the present administration accept the past administration program enough to pursue its good
aspects? Will our tourism executives use them? Just consider this: how many visitors go to England, to visit Stratford–on–
Avon because they have enjoyed William Shakespeare's plays. Those tourists clambering up the hills in Greece how many of
them are there because they read the Homeric classics? And Spain, which reaps so much

Contemporary Management Issues
WORKERS PLAYTIME? UNRAVELLING THE PARADOX OF COVERT RESISTANCE IN ORGANIZATIONS Peter
Fleming p.fleming1@pgrad.unimelb.edu.au André Spicer a.spicer@pgrad.unimelb.edu.au Department of Management
University of Melbourne Parkville, Vic 3010 Australia Chapter for Paradoxical New Directions in Organization and
Management Theory. Edited by Stewart Clegg. Amsterdam: Benjamins. (Second Draft) July 2001 The problem of whether
employee resistance is possible under corporate relations of power that target the very hearts and minds of workers has become
an increasingly important issue in recent critical organization studies. With the advent of ‘cultural cleansing' (Strangleman
and Roberts, 1999), ‘designer selves' (Casey, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although the identities of workers have been a concern for managers since the dawn of the industrial era (see Parker, 2000),
the extent and reach of corporate culture manipulation as it has emerged in tandem with teams and electronic surveillance has
surpassed even the wildest control fantasies entertained by previous movements. Critical management scholars have been
interested in this modality of control, showing how the relaxation of formal control and the promotion of empowerment and
participation is to a large extent nominal, and often belies a more insidious network of influence operating at the level of
selfhood. Under this form of governance, the subjectivities of workers are ‘colonised' (Casey, 1995), thereby reducing or even
erasing the desire to resist corporate hegemony. Consequently, the emphasis has been on the cultural constitution of
‘engineered selves' (Kunda, 1992), ‘designer selves' (Casey, 1995), and ‘enterprising selves' (du Gay, 1996) – that is, the
production of types of worker subjectivity that identify with the company and are compatible with the maintenance of
asymmetrical relations of power. One of the most striking aspects of this research is what appears to be an almost total lack of
employee resistance to management. As Thompson and Ackroyd (1995) forcefully argue, these studies give

Porsche Ag : Case Analysis
PORSCHE
CASE ANAYLSIS
Danyell Knox
University Of Brideport
PORSCHE
CASE ANALYSIS
Introduction
Dr.–Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG, alias Porsche AG is a German automobile manufacturer specializing in high–performance sports
cars, SUVs and sedans and the introduction of Boxter in 1996 created a lot of furore for the simple reason that this was the
first time that the manufacture of the car would happen outside Germany and for the first time Porsche would be entering the
fast growing sport–utility vehicle (SUV) market by 2002.
Porsche 's competitive positioning, industry and external environment, resources and capabilities:
Porsche is a tradition and a legacy all by itself. The competitive positioning of the Boxter is associated with the brand name.
Porsche's luxury and lifestyle brand are luxury personified in terms of the technically superior design. The long term success
of the brand is only due to its designing and technical competence to deal with the super luxury definition.
INDUSTRY
The industry for superior luxury cars is a highly exclusive one with a few automotive makers making their presence felt. The
major market share is held by Porsche which is known to have formidable rivals like Benz and BMW. The SUV supercar
segment is a highly evolving one where manufacturing style localities and units are the decisive forces that ultimately
culminate towards the cost of the car.
RESOURCES
The way a Porsche uses its resource to bring in quality advantages is

Effective Project Planning And Control At This Stage...
Level 3: Managed Stage At this stage project related datas are collected across the organisation for proper project planning and
control. More systematic approach is carried out to plan and control at this stage. Level 4: Integrated Stage The gathered
information is carefully evaluated and analysed. PM data and processes are integrated. PM steps and regulation are used
throughout the organization with all projects, which help to handle multiple project control and success in a professional
manner. Level 5: Sustained Stage At this stage, the organization continuously improves it processes by analyzing the project
data on a progressive basis. Innovative ideas are appreciated to promote the PM procedures and practices. Advantages: It ...
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Later it was revised and re–structured based on the requirement. V– Model is considered as an extension to the waterfall model
and later it was accepted an alternative in many European countries and the UK. V–model gets name from the v shaped
sequential way of execution. V–model always verifies and validates the each phase before the next phase starts. In the v model
the testing of each stage is simultaneously executed. The lifecycle process model is the main process in the V–Model.
Characteristics: The v model is also called as verification and validation model, as they analyse each stage in such a way
before it enters to the other stage. The basic architecture of v model: Figure 15 The basic architecture of V model; Source ( v
model–bucanac 1999) There are three main levels in the V model: The lifecycle model: a main process in the V– model ,which
decides what will be done in the project The allocation of methods: to accomplish the planned work, which method to be
followed will be decided here The functional tool requirement: This level explains with what we are going to perform the
activities planned. All this model have four sub models, which is similar to all models, but differs in the way of functionality

Supply Chain Optimization At Hugo Boss Essay
9–609–029 APRIL 27, 2009 ANANTH RAMAN NICOLE DEHORATIUS ZAHRA KANJI Supply Chain Optimization at
Hugo Boss (A) Introduction Katja Ruth and Constantine Moros sat facing each other in the empty conference room. Covering
the table between them were the latest operational and financial figures from the supply chain optimization pilot Hugo Boss
had been running in its global bodywear and hosiery Division.1 Ruth, the director of the division, agreed with Moros, the
division's head of operations and procurement, that the pilot had been a success–better product availability and lower inventory
to sales ratios had been observed for the stock–keeping–units (SKUs) involved in it–but was not convinced that expansion of
the initiative beyond those ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These items were rarely repeated once featured in a specific collection. Fashion items for which inventory was depleted were
permanently stocked out. Fashion items needed to be designed, prototyped, sampled, and presented to buyers associated with
the more than 200 Hugo Boss bodywear and hosiery retail accounts (Exhibit 9 delineates the key steps involved in bringing a
collection of fashion items to market). The division's procurement and production management team negotiated production
capacity and established production schedules with contract manufacturers and assisted them with raw material procurement
and workforce scheduling (Exhibit 10). The design, prototyping, and preproduction steps were skipped for NOS items, for
which the division needed only to plan production, perform quality checks, and arrange for shipment from the factory,
warehouse storage, and delivery to retail accounts7. Impetus for Choosing NOS Items for the SCO Pilot In 2004, Moros had
been thinking hard about what changes could be made to improve the efficiency and responsiveness of the division's supply
chain. Operational performance metrics for the last half of the year revealed average availability for NOS items to be 97.9%,
not bad, but still shy of the 100% product availability guarantee.8 Moros was concerned that retail partners such as Oy
Stockmann would threaten

Corporate Social Responsibility
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) is a term describing a company's obligation to be accountable to all of its
stakeholder in all its operation and activities. Socially responsible companies consider the full scope of their impact on
communities and the environment when making decisions, balancing the needs of stakeholder with their need to make profit. A
company's stakeholders are all those who are influenced by and can influence a company's decisions and action, both locally
and globally. Business stakeholders include(but are not limited to) employees, suppliers, customer, community organizations,
subsidiaries and affiliates, joint venture partners, local neighborhoods, investors, shareholders(or a sole owner in case it is sole
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some would argue that the only reason to take on social projects is for utilitarian reasons, such as currying favor with the
public or with government, or to improve market standing. Others, such as the philosopher Michael E. Berumen, suggest that a
business is property belonging to the owners, not stakeholders, and that a business is not equivalent to a mini–state for the
purpose of creating social justice or carrying out social planning, and that the owners have the right to dispose of their property
as they see fit within the limits of morality, including for profit, social good, or both. Proponents of CSR would suggest a
number of reasons why self interested corporations, seeking to solely to maximize profits are unable to advance the interests of
society as a whole: Corporations care little for the welfare of the workers, and given the opportunity will move production to
sweatshops in less well regulated countries. Unchecked, companies will squander scarce resources. Companies do not pay the
full costs of their impact. For example the costs of cleaning pollution often fall on society in general. As a result profits of
corporations are enhanced at the expense of social or ecological welfare. Regulation is the best way to ensure that companies

Essay on The Positive Relationship Between Science and...
The Positive Relationship Between Science and Religion Introduction: Throughout history we can find many instances where
religion was strongly opposed to scientific research. For example, the Catholic Church's objection to Galileo's defense of
Copernicus' heliocentric model where he offered his observations that he felt furthered the theory that the planets revolved
around the Sun. At that time, the belief that the Holy Scriptures were perhaps inaccurate was one thing, but attempting to
confirm it as Galileo tried to do was a completely different issue and resulted in Galileo being forbidden by the Church to
write or teach his findings. Another example is the opposition to Darwin's theory of evolution by the majority of the ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When reading specific verses of the Qur'an it appears that in fact these scientific studies in astronomy would serve to confirm
God's greatness and the validity of the Qur'an. For example; Qur'an (10:101)2 states: "Behold all that is In the heavens and on
earth"; But neither Signs nor Warners Profit those who believe not." Ibn al–Haytham's research into astronomy was celebrated
as a way to follow the Qur'an's directive concerning prayer and religious observance of Ramadan (Gingerich 1986) which was
dependent on the correct interpretation of the phases of the moon to correctly determine when the holy month was to occur.
The study of the skies allowed Muslims to create a calendar that would reflect in more detail how observant Muslims should
practice the Qur'an commands including the direction prayer should be toward, what time of year should Muslims participate
in the Haji, and where to position the entrance for a mosque. The Christian and Hebrew calendars did not correlate the new
moon with the beginning of the month as the Muslims did and therefore did not allow adherence to the Qur'an when it stated
"They ask thee concerning the New Moons. Say: They are but signs to mark fixed periods of time in (the affairs of) men, and
for Pilgrimage. It is no virtue if ye enter your houses from the back: It is virtue if ye fear Allah. Enter houses through the
proper doors: And

Comparing Germany 's Education System
In comparing and contrasting Germany's Education System to the U.S Education System, one would find both similarities and
differences; however, one enormous difference is that tuition is free to the students in the Germany's Public School System and
higher educational institutions (Flippo, 1996). More importantly, Parks (2014) explained, that if an American wanted to be
educated in Germany, the tuition would be free, but in order to obtain a bachelor's degree in Germany, the American student
would have to be knowledgeable enough to comprehend the German language, and having an equivalent educational
background of a German Abitur ( e.g., university entry qualification) is required. To the American, this could be equal to the
Advance Placement courses in the U.S. Based on research, Germany does not claim to have a "community college system" as
do the U.S. (S. Caison personal communication, June 25, 2015). Nevertheless, the counterpart would be that of a German
Facshule (e.g. technical) type college that focuses on Applied Science Degrees. It is different from the Germany's traditional
universities, because of its practical application that is parallel to the U.S. Applied Associate Science Degree Program in the
community college's system (S. Caison personal communication, June 25, 2015). Moreover, in some German States, thirteen
years are incorporated in the public schools that is an alternative to the twelves years that is normally implemented. In addition
to that,

Stochastic Grinding Process Development For Metal Bonded...
Deterministic grinding process development for metal bonded diamond grinding wheels through patterned grinding wheel by
utilizing micro EDM comprises four main investigation on: (1) material removal mechanism considering interaction between
diamond grains, workpiece, metal bond and electrical spark, (2) effective pattern geometry design for effective material
removal and grinding performance, (3) application of micro EDM to create the pattern on the metal bonded grinding wheel,
(4) analysing the grinding performance on hard materials such as Inconel and carbide. We believe that knowledge obtained in
these four subjects through journal publications and conference/seminar will benefit academics in the field of manufacturing
technology, surface science and materials engineering. Especially, establishing a FEM/SPH model which can present different
material removal phases, rubbing, ploughing, and cutting during grinding and mechanical interaction between abrasive grains,
metal bond, and workpiece will benefit the researcher in the field of micromachining by providing advanced understanding on
metal cutting mechanism at micro scale for hard materials. Because grinding has the most complex cutting mechanism among
other machining processes, detailed understanding of this certainly will help to comprehend other machining processes cutting
mechanism easily. Application of micro EDM to dress the metal bonded diamond wheels will show how electrical discharge
energy is controlled to

Glaxosmithkline
GlaxoSmithKline company profile
Francis Weyzig
Amsterdam, October 2004
Summary
Business description
GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) is one of the world's largest research–based pharmaceutical corporations that discovers, develops,
manufactures and markets branded human health products. Headquarters: UK, with additional operational headquarters in the
USA Global presence: about 160 countries Primary markets: USA, France, Germany, UK, Italy and Japan Employees:
approximately 103,000 GSK key figures for 2003 (in £ million) Sales 21,441 Materials and production costs 4,188 Marketing
and administration 7,563 R&D expenditures 2,770 Operating income 6,920 Net profit 4,765 GSK has two main business
divisions, pharmaceuticals and consumer ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The pharmaceutical industry is represented in the GAVI Board. The GAVI has identified three priority diseases: Hepatitis B,
Haemophilus influenza type b and yellow fever. This focus has been criticized. GSK is a major supplier of Hepatitis B
vaccines to GAVI, with supplies worth over $200 million for the period 2001–2004. The GAELF is GSK's flagship community
programme. It was founded in 1998, aiming to eliminate lymphatic filariasis by 2020. GSK has committed to provide as much
of its drug albendazole as required until the disease is eliminated. The drug is administered through national programmes in 34
countries. GSK also contributed cash grants and expertise. The total quantity of required albendazole for 20 years is estimated
at 6 billion tablets, with a value of some $1 billion (at wholesale prices). The AMP was established in 2002 to reduce malaria
infections and improve the
management of the illness. The partnership targets seven African countries. National ministries of health and international
NGOs are directly involved. GSK provided a £1.5 million grant to fund country programmes for three years. During this
period, the company seeks to demonstrate the success of the partnership and attract other donors. In 2003 the total value of
GSK's product, cash and in–kind donations was £338 million.
Analysis of GPPI involvement
Although the global community partnerships of GSK have a philanthropic nature, they also serve to build pride with
employees. These GPPIs

Un Secretary General-Mr. Ki Moon Ban
From his childhood during Korean War to his second election as the Secretary General of the United Nations, Mr. Ki–moon
Ban has demonstrated the leadership of resiliency, with which he was able to turn crisis into opportunities for his success.
Moreover, Mr. Ban's diligence, sincerity and warm–heartedness also contributed greatly to his rise, along with high
performance capability. With such recognition, Mr. Ban successfully expanded his political network (both in Korea and in the
organization of US) with apparent sincerity, great communication skill and sharp sociopolitical awareness. During the course
of this paper, our group ("We") will analyze and discuss how Mr. Ki–moon Ban used various situational conflicts as an
opportunity to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After the resignation, Mr. Han offered Mr. Ki–moon Ban the Chief of Staff to the United Nations position. Instead of viewing
this position as "demotion," Mr. Ban utilized this as an opportunity to expand his network, learn the UN, and achieving high
performance to become the Secretary General of the UN in near future. Such resilience and positive perspective enabled Mr.
Ban to be at his current position.
Throughout his career, Mr. Ban has shown energy, enthusiasm and "on–the–field" leadership. As previously mentioned, he
actively engaged and visited China and Philippine to help the escape of North Korean official. During his tenure at the UN, he
visited the civil war sites of Darfur, Sudan and Cote d'Ivoire. To address the climate change issue, Mr. Ban visited the
Antarctic to raise awareness of the global warming. Since his anointment as the Secretary General, Mr. Ban is known to travel
the entire earth on monthly basis. He strongly feels that in order to truly provide help where needed, actual visit would allow
him to give more effective guidance and support. Mr. Ban's famous quote, "Nobody can halt a diligent person with a stop
sign," echoes with his belief; in order to tackle complex world issues in the UN, his energy and diligence will be critical
elements.
Another core strength of Mr. Ban would be his focus on transparency and mutual trust. Throughout his political career, Mr.
Ban was known to have strong sense of

Strategies of Adidas
Strategies of ADIDAS
Global Brands is responsible for all the product and marketing functions and long–term development of the adidas and Reebok
brands.
The primary objective of this portfolio strategy is to ensure that our brands seize market and category opportunities through
well–defined and coordinated go–to–market strategies. Each brand is responsible for the execution of its strategic focus by
creating a constant stream of innovative and inspiring products and generating communication strategies that represent each
brand and category in an engaging and compelling way.
Driving the long–term development of adidas and Reebok
To secure long–term sustainable growth for the Group, Global Brands is focused on driving the development of ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
There is a growing interest in outdoor activities, reflecting the desire to reconnect and be in tune with nature.
To match these trends and fulfil consumer demands, Global Brands teams adhere to the following principles:
– Create the unexpected in terms of product and brand experience
– Create the highest emotional connection between our brands and the consumer
– Be prepared for the next generation, anticipating change
– Simplify to the maximum
– Show excellence in execution, being consistent in whatever we do, from idea creation to communication at the point of sale,
and in the digital world
Brand architecture and differentiation
We believe that our Group's multi–brand structure gives us an important competitive advantage. Through our brand
architecture, we seamlessly cover the consumer segments we have defined, catering to more consumer needs, while at the
same time keeping clarity of brand message and values. In each case, the positioning of adidas and Reebok and their respective
sub–brands is based on their unique DNAs – their history and their values.
As a true global brand with German roots, adidas is targeting competitive sports based on innovation and technology with
adidas Sport Performance. This sub–brand is the multi–sport specialist. Our positioning in this respect clearly starts in
producing the best products for use in specific sports such as

Important Soft Skills for University Students
[pic]
FACULTY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & MULTIMEDIA COMMUNICATION
OUMH1103
LEARNING SKILLS FOR OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNERS
IMPORTANT SOFT SKILLS FOR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Name: Md. Mahamudur Rahman
E–mail address: sohag@oum.edu.my
Table of Contents
Abstract 2
Introduction 3
Discussions 4
Conclusion 9
References 10
Abstract "Soft skills" are the extra or additional intangible skills required by students beyond their academic skills which are
generic in nature across the various domains of learning that encompasses character and teamwork. These are crucial to
increase employability and also to compete successfully in this dynamic global environment. "Soft skills provide ... Show
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And this is also the most undervalued aspect in all educational organizations. But the impact of the intangible skills of an
individual is far more than the impact of the tangible ones. And this can be seen from many successful people like "Abraham
Lincoln (Lawyer, U.S. president, finished one year of formal schooling, self–taught himself trigonometry, and read Blackstone
on his own to become a lawyer), Benjamin Franklin, (Inventor, scientist, author, entrepreneur, primarily home–schooled),
Frank Lloyd Wright (The most influential architect of the twentieth century. Never attended high school), Amadeo Peter
Giannini, (Multimillionaire, Founder of Bank of America, dropped out of high school) (Toren, 2012) & so many others who
either dropped out of school or never had any formal education. "But does their success mean that academic excellence is not
required? No! What it basically shows is that a person having good personal and soft skills can change the problems into
opportunities and deal with the negatives in a more constructive and better way." (Sharma, 2009) These are not just skills that
can be acquired from a college or a school. They are the basic life skills which help us shape & polish our outer veneer. These
help to tackle difficult situations and come out with flying

Honeywell International Success Essay
Running head: HONEYWELLL INTERNATIONAL INC. | 1 |
Honeywell International, Inc.
Laura L Gurulé
Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University
Author Note
Term Paper for Course MGMT 633 Submitted to the Worldwide Online Campus in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of
the Degree of Masters of Project Management
Abstract
Researcher: Laura L Gurulé
Title: Honeywell International, Inc.
Institution: Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University
Degree: Master of Science in Project Management
Year: 2012
This paper introduces the reader to Honeywell International Inc. Honeywell is a world leader in the application of lean
manufacturing and its Six Sigma Plus processes. With the use of carefully monitored cost standards, net present ... Show more
This acquisition further increased their already successful market to a wider range of customers, as Minneapolis–Honeywell
Regulator Co. had already established an overseas trading agreement with Japanese distributors such as Yamatake Trading
Company. It was no surprise that, in 1934, Honeywell pursued and eventually acquired Time–O–Stat Controls Corporation.
With the acquisition of Time–O–Stat, Honeywell further expanded its global presence, establishing offices in Toronto, Canada
and The Netherlands; a few years later, they had offices in London and Stockholm. By 1941, Honeywell had expanded into
markets in Chile, Panama, Trinidad, New Zealand, Argentina, and South Africa. By 1972, it operated 25 wholly–owned
subsidiaries, 142 branch offices, and joint ventures in five countries outside the U.S.
True to its reputation as a risk taker, Honeywell ventured into the computer industry. This venture was brief and by 1991
Honeywell was on longer in the computer business. Even though the venture was short lived, it proved to be of great value;
Honeywell used the knowledge gained from their digital computer experience and applied it to the traditional field of
automation control, integrating sensors, and activators.
In 1986, Honeywell purchased Sperry Aerospace, and markedly enhanced its position in the aerospace industry. Edson
Spencer, Honeywell chairman and chief executive officer, said the purchase

Despite Lower Costs (Or Even Free), External Support...
Despite lower costs (or even free), external support mechanisms, especially with third parties and/or support forums
demonstrate significant shortcomings for Gulfstream enterprise integration. Gulfstream zealously protects its intellectual
property. Information security levels risk compromising when interdependency occurs between firms (Cezar, Cavusoglu, &
Raghunathan, 2016). This results not only due to increased security threats through the additive exposure, but also because one
partner may take a free ride and invest less in the security protection. In addition, many aircraft programs at Gulfstream
incorporate specifications, designs, and parts subject to International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR). Non–domestic
entities are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Effective team members monitor and back–up each other's performance and are collectively oriented toward the desired
outcome. By carefully considering the IMOI model, leadership intervention, and the five keys to improving team performance,
organizations can successfully maximize teamwork for the benefit of the organization and the members of the team.
Gulfstream can gain even higher performance from the three groups that are widely spread among various departments. By
intelligently analyzing the load balance of support requests and matching to the KSAs of the individual team members,
response times can be met for high priority situations. As knowledge capture gains traction, knowledge retention can be keyed
for immediate retrieval. The spillover effect will become noticeable, diffusing the knowledge to other teams, departments, and
facilities. This will generate higher productivity on both the engineering production side and in the technical support groups.
As Ba and Nault showed, the social benefit of increased innovation becomes a positive externality, justifying further
interventions (2016). The difficulty that faces Gulfstream is how to provide better support with fewer personnel for more
users. Fortunately, the IT landscape provides many analytic solutions that match known solutions to issues being worked by
less skilled

War For Talent
Many CEOs are naturally inclined and accountable for overseeing the day–to–day operations of their respective firms. Not that
there is anything wrong with that, but in the years ahead, one of a circle's greater competitive increase will be its cleverness to
attract, develop, excite and retain endowment. Responsibility for conduct that ability is already being assumed by some CEOs,
who, these co–authors and McKinsey consultants Saw, are immovable advent to the realization that their respective
organizations are current to have to improve their talent contrivance plot. In this stipulate, which is based on their recently
announce book, The War for Talent, the co–creator review the state of talent management as practiced by 13,000 managers.
While ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A modern technology comes online or an upstart competitor insert a new transaction model, and the unqualified course of a
company and industry changes. So when it comes to charting the government for their organizations, they Embarrass
employees to front beyond what they already know. By contrast, diminishers are know–it–alls: They assume their jab is to
have all the choice ideas. Their initiatives often return around what the leader knows rather than what the nest might learn.
Team members unproductive chance of time and mental energy trying to deduce what the stud thinks and how to act on

Employee Involvement
EMPLOYEE MPLOYEE INVOLVEMENT NVOLVEMENT Report produced for the EC funded project INNOREGIO:
dissemination of innovation and knowledge management techniques by Apostolos Apostolou D. of Production Engineering &
Management Technical University of Crete J A N U A R Y 2 0 0 0 EMPLOYEE INVOLVEMENT 1 Contents 1 1.1 1.2 1.3
1.4 1.5 1.6 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3 3.1 3.2 4 Description What is Employee Involvement and Empowerment Objectives
Methodology Alternative techniques Expected Results / Benefits Characteristics of firms and service providers Application
Where the technique has been applied Types of firms / organizations concerned Duration and Implementation cost European
Organizations Supporting the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
INNOREGIO project A. Apostolou Technical University of Crete EMPLOYEE INVOLVEMENT 3 There is at the end of
the day only one thing that differentiates one company from another – its people. Not the product, not service establishments,
not the process, not secret ingredients; ultimately any of these can be duplicated. The Japanese have always recognized this
and it is one of the reasons for their success in world markets – they place tremendous value on the integration of people with
organizational objectives, equipment and processes. The employees force the organizations to address three key issues;
communication, involvement and development. In fact the three issues can be used as a measure of an organization's maturity
in the employment relationship. Here, we are going to address the issue of involvement and its relationships. Many people
confuse communication systems such as team briefings with involvement. Involvement, however is more than just the
exchange of information. It is the gradual but radical delegation of control to those closest to the process itself. Self–managed
teams, cell–based manufacture, autonomous work groups, high performance work systems, are all examples of true
involvement. Empowerment means that all employees feel that they have the responsibility and authority to participate in
decision making and problem solving in

Democracy As Student Mobilization : How Student Unions...
Democracy as Student Mobilization: How Student Unions will change the future of Egypt
Ahmed Abd Rabou
Assistant Professor of Comparative Politics, Cairo University
HIGHER DEMOCRACY AND EDUCATION
Basic Education teaches people to interact with others and raises the beneﬁts of civic participation, including voting and
organizing. Edward L. Glaeser (et. al.) claim that democracy has a wide potential base of support but offers weak incentives to
its defenders while dictatorship provides stronger incentives to a narrower base. By raising the benefits of civic engagement,
education raises participation in support of a broad–based regime (democracy) relative to that in support of a narrow–based
regime (dictatorship). Therefore, in transitional contexts, education increases the likelihood of successful democratic
revolutions against dictatorships, and reduces that of successful anti–democratic coups.
Empirical political behavior research has consistently observed a robust and positive relationship between education and
political engagement. The notion that formal educational attainment is the primary mechanism behind many citizenship
characteristics is largely uncontested. Education has consistently been found to increase political participation, electoral
turnout, civic engagement, political knowledge, and democratic attitudes and opinions.
The hypothesis that higher education leads to more democratic politics has received a good deal of empirical

Biology Personal Statement
Curiosity has always been my driving force. My interest in Natural Sciences initially arose trying to understand nutrition and
how different types of molecules are used to fuel our body. My interest shifted to Synthetic Biology when I found the Wyss
Institute at Harvard. The way they are using nature as inspiration to develop new tools for making a better society inspires me.
Three books have helped me to reinforce my commitment to studying Biotechnology. The Outer Reaches of Life by John
Postgate gave me the knowledge that microbial life has developed astonishing biochemical pathways to adapt to extreme
ecosystems and how this potential is used in Biotechnology. The second one, The Wetware: A Computer in Every Living Cell
by Dennis Bray

Enhancing Productivity in the Australian Hotel Industry:...
Nankervis, A. R., (1993). Enhancing Productivity in the Australian Hotel Industry: The Role of Human Resource
Management, Research and Practice in Human Resource Management, 1(1), 17–39. Enhancing Productivity in the Australian
Hotel Industry: The Role of Human Resource Management Alan R. Nankervis Abstract The Australian hotel industry is at the
crossroads. As part of the tourism strategy of the present Federal Government, it is charged with catapulting Australia out of its
economic malaise. The industry is, however, constrained in its development by market fluctuations, an oversupply of
accommodation and outdated human resource management practices. Several recent research studies have underlined the
significant ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This paper, aiming to contribute to the debate on quality assurance in the Australian hotel industry, focuses on the crucial
components of effective human resource management programmes in resolving and value–adding service, productivity and
profitability in this industry. Considerable problems currently exist. However, substantial opportunities are also available to
hotel managers, supervisors and human resource specialists to ensure effectiveness, cost–effectiveness and global
competitiveness within this crucial industry sector.
Industry Characteristics Nils Timo (Timo, 1992) observes that the Australian hotel industry is characterised by ... gendered
labour markets, a relatively young transient workforce, a culture of casualisation, seasonability, and the development of
internal labour markets." Not an ideal scenario for a burgeoning and crucial economic sector! The recent Australian Workplace
Industrial Relations Survey (AWIRS) (Callus, 1991) confirms some, but not all, of these assumptions. Gendered Labour
Markets On the issue of "gendered" labour markets, AWIRS found that some 56% of employees in the "recreation, personal
services and others" category are female, comparable to the proportions indicated

Designing The Manufacturing Process And Interaction...
1. Briefly explain how you will design the manufacturing process to optimize the interaction between The Hanklin Tire
Company and its customers. Participation in design (or 'innovation from the edge'): to an increasing degree, individuals take
creative and business roles in design processes. Participatory design is an approach to design that actively involves all
stakeholders (e.g. employees, partners, customers, citizens, end users) in the design process to help ensure the result meets
their needs and is usable. In general, platforms that are able to manifest this power of the community, or power of the crowd,
can provide buying power, production power, financing power, democratic power. When we fully integrate design
manufacturing process, the company will be able to deﬁne, execute and optimize the entire customer experience boosting
brand engagement across all channels. Digital, social, mobile, print, direct mail, customer contact center and more (DelGrosso,
Weissman, & McCluskey, 2000). The Company should include all stakeholders in their manufacturing process and to make it
easy for consumers to participate in contributing ideas to product design. It is imperative to customers at all stages of product
development, product specification, design, process, and equipment etc. Its primary focus should be the integration of teams of
people having a stake in the tire, design tools, techniques and information about the product and the processes used to develop
and manufacture

Woodrow Wilson 's The National Park Service
"Timber!" is a word that engulfed Woodrow Wilson in fear, as a loving, determined environmentalist he was the driving force
behind the Organic Act of 1916. Wilson's Organic Act set grounds for the founding of the National Park Service, which sets
and enforces regulations that protect National Parks. Woodrow Wilson's determination, conveyed by his adamant support for
the Organic Act, was evident throughout Wilson's lifetime. Wilson realized how important it was to protect America's land and
took action to protect it. Through the Organic Act, Wilson was able to save the current thirty–five national parks and land for
hundreds of future national parks throughout the United States. The founding of the National Park Service was a major part of
Wilson's plan to preserve and protect America 's natural land. Wilson's idea of preservation of the United States' land has lived
throughout the years through the National Park Service. The National Park Service today continues with the same
responsibilities along with a multifarious collection of others. The actions taken in the Organic Act of 1916 have helped
eternalize the ideas proposed by President Wilson by preserving the scarce remaining natural land of America. In Wilson's
childhood and early manhood, he faced many obstacles, but he was determined to succeed in his life by never giving up. He
overcame many of his obstacles with his theory that "the only use for an obstacle is to be overcome"(Wilson 1913). One of the
many

Leadership Development
R ESEARCH
The Development of Management and Leadership Capability and its Contribution to Performance: The evidence, the prospects
and the research need
John Burgoyne, Wendy Hirsh and Sadie Williams
Research Report RR560
Research Report No 560
The Development of Management and Leadership Capability and its Contribution to Performance: The evidence, the prospects
and the research need
John Burgoyne, Wendy Hirsh and Sadie Williams
The views expressed in this report are the authors' and do not necessarily reflect those of the Department for Education and
Skills. © Lancaster University 2004 ISBN 1 84478 286 7
1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This report has been written by John Burgoyne, Wendy Hirsh and Sadie Williams as members ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
.................49

California Language Diversity
The Challenges of language Diversity in California Public Schools
Normal Dalila Rodriguez
Fresno Pacific University
July 4th 2015
Abstract
Evidence suggest that there is not enough resources poured into mainstream classrooms to help teachers ensure effective
learning opportunities for English Learners in California Schools
Introduction
Teachers are currently experiencing a wide array of cultural backgrounds in their classrooms, and current research shows that
this diverse population of students in public schools will only continue to increase. These students come from all over the
world, and bring with them their diverse cultures. Yet our classrooms environment still continues to ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It is important when learning a second language that formal as well informa learning take place. In mainstream classrooms
students have the advantage of socializing with students of the native language which will quickly help them acquire
conversation skills. Dr. Jim Cummings, a professor and language developer from the University of Toronto coined the
acronyms BICS and CALPS. BICS (Skills needed in social situations) these skills are used by students when they are with
playmates or out of the school setting in social situations. they are know to have very little cognitive demand. Students usually
acquire these skills within six months of being introduced to the second language and culture. However, it is imperative that
students also learn CALPS (Skills for formal academic learning). When teachers are able to identify the differences within
their student population academic learning can begin to take

Leadership
Leadership – Charismatic Individuals or Contingent Characteristics?
A brief analysis of charismatic and situational leaders, leadership and styles.
Linesh Palayadan, Cass Business School, City university London, UK.
"Men make history and not the other way around. In periods where there is no leadership, society stands still. Progress occurs
when courageous, skilful leaders seize the opportunity to change things for the better" – Harry S. Truman
It goes without saying that human beings couldn't have achieved what they have achieved if they had not worked in groups.
Teamwork is probably one of the most important "inventions" of mankind which does not get explicitly mentioned when one
refers about the tools and evolution of human ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The final stage is the actual implementation of the vision, motivating the followers in the process. At this stage they also stage
demonstrations which projects their image, courage, dedication to the cause, sacrifice etc. (C Jacobsen, R J. House 2001).
Charismatic leaders are often value driven, visionaries and have a trail of success stories which motivates the followers. The
primary risk of this style of leadership is that it may not be effective in all the contexts and such leaders can fade into oblivion
as soon as the context changes. Perhaps the most striking example of Charismatic leadership is that of Sir Winston Churchill
who proved to be a very effective war time leader and prime minister but was voted out when elections were held after Page 1
the war because people did not consider him as somebody who could effectively handle post–war reforms (Roy Jenkins,
2003). One of the strongly criticized and censured leaders of all times is Adolf Hitler who because of his war crimes and
atrocities, went down in history as a bad leader. How did he rise from his humble beginnings to the all–powerful leader of a
country which had the potential to be the most powerful country in the world if had won in the Second World War? The art of
leadership... consists of consolidating the attention of the people against a single adversary and taking care that nothing will
split up that attention.

Samsung Case Study
Maintaining the "Single Samsung" Spirit: New Challenges in a Changing Environment
Caryn Ng Kar Yan
B1102572
Keah Mei Sian
B1102580
Nur Fathiha Bte Johan Ariffin
B1100381
Mohd Roshan bin Mohd Yusop
B0101223
Sarkunarajah S
B1001971
Wan Arjunaidi Bin Awang @ Wan Abdul Halim
E0300073
Abstract Samsung portrayed a very interesting and impressive success story in every aspect of development. Although they
were hit hard by financial crisis in 2009, Samsung survived the ordeal with their impressive financial performance. The
astonishing part of their achievement is mostly guided by internal management capability, positive aligned culture and belief
system that empowering human capital is the foundation in building and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ranked 15th globally in 2010 | 0.15 | 2 | 0.3 | 2 | Strong South Korean government initiative in tapping into its human resource
capability | 0.2 | 3 | 0.6 | 3 | Improved relationship between South Korea and China in recent years, helps Samsung to break
into the Chinese market. | 0.1 | 2 | 0.2 | 4 | South Korean culture of hard work and speed. | 0.2 | 4 | 0.8 |
No | Threats | Weight | Rating | Weighted
Score | 1 | South Korean culture of high power distance. All relationships are unequal. | 0.05 | 3 | 0.15 | 2 | Slim profit margin,
in a globally competitive environment. | 0.1 | 3 | 0.3 | 3 | South Koreans are collectivist. Focuses on collective sharing of
resources. | 0.05 | 2 | 0.1 | 4 | South Koreans' avoid conflicts, and masked their feeling. Results in lack of open communication.
| 0.15 | 2 | 0.3 | | | 1 | | |
2.75 |
Weighted score from External factor Evaluation show slightly above average. While the relationship between East Asia
countries, continue to improve and coupled by the strong economy, the South Korean culture could be a component that will
hold Samsung back. The high power distance, coupled with the lack of openness, could prevent issues from being openly
discussed. The market that Samsung is involved in is based on slim profit, dues to global competition, therefore openness in
discussing conflicts are critical to overcome those challenges. The collectivist

Case: Chester & Wayne Essay
Global Sustainability
Eastman Kodak Company 2010 Annual Report
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Report Scope 3 Leadership Message 6 Company Profile 10 Goals 12 Performance Data 14 Compliance 15 Sustainability
Framework 21 Governance 26 Innovation 31 Stewardship 41 Engagement 50 External Recognition 51 About the Photographs
SCOPE OF REPORT SCOPE OF REPORT
Kodak is pleased to present our fifth annual Global Sustainability Report, as well as our 21st public report to include health,
safety and environmental performance.
1
Issues Covered /Trends
Kodak is continually evaluating our sustainability priorities and aligning our focus with our current business model. Through
observation and participation in various industry groups and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Kodak self–declares our Report to GRI Application Level B. Our current focus is on expanding worldwide data collection and
creating a more comprehensive Report. Although no external assurance of the entire report is sought at this time, we have
confidence in its quality. You are welcome to provide comments on our progress at kes@kodak.com.
LEADERSHIP MESSAGE
3
From the CEO
Kodak is making history. In 2010, we made real progress toward becoming a profitable, sustainable digital company. We
enjoyed a record level of digital earnings from operations and produced promising results from the four engines of our digital
growth strategy – Consumer Inkjet, Commercial Inkjet, Packaging, and Workflow Software & Services. As a group, revenue
from these product lines increased 18% last year. Our strategy is working. We are using our competitive advantage at the
intersection of digital imaging and materials science to pursue large markets in need of transformation, such as commercial
printing. We are gaining market share and building growth businesses with exciting potential. During 2010, we achieved a
number of milestones: Sales of printers and ink collectively in or Consumer Inkjet business grew by 35% We surpassed our
unit placement goals for commercial digital inkjet presses, and we shipped our first PROSPER Presses, which feature
continuous inkjet technology

Strategic Human Resource Management
Strategic Human Resource Management
1. Introduction
In the late decade of 1980, the organisations realized the significance of their employees as a capital asset or human resources;
and by adopting and implementing a set of HRM practices (such as recruiting, training and developing people etc.) aimed to
succeed a sustainable competitive advantage based on a business strategic view by making the employees' involvement the
main key point of the new human resource management into the business process; and by establishing the organizational
culture that they are part of the organization (Kaufman 2001: 506). During this period, the HRM is transformed into a Strategic
HRM approach in order to sustain in these modern business challenges. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
2. Understanding Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM)
Human resource as a strategic partner in an organization means accepting the Human Resource functions as a strategic partner
in the formulation of the company's strategies as well as in the implementation of those strategies. In particular, human
resource are recruiting, selecting, training and rewarding personnel to increase the capacity of a business to execute its
strategies, HR needs to understand on knowing how to measure the monetary impact of their actions, so they can be able to
demonstrate the value added contribution of their functions.
Primary actions of strategic human resource should convert business strategies into HR priorities. In any business setting
environment, whether it's a corporate, functional, business unit or product line, a strategy is always there either clearly in the
formal process or document or completely through a shared agenda on priorities. Human Resource as a strategic business
partner identifies the HR practices that make the strategy happen. This whole process of identifying HR priorities is called
organizational diagnosis through which an organization is able to determine it strength and weaknesses.
The important areas in organization that reflects any organizations

Csr Communication in the Pharma Industry
CSR COMMUNICATION IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
AN ANALYSIS OF THE WEBSITES OF THREE PHARMACEUTICAL WHOLESALERS
MASTER THESIS
Author: José Javier Levrino (JL82847) Supervisor: Anne Ellerup Nielsen MA in Corporate Communication Århus, Denmark.
August 2010
CSR COMMUNICATION IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
José Javier Levrino
Table of contents Abstract 1. Introduction 1.1 Motivation 1.2 Problem statement 1.3 Delimitation 1.4 Methodology 1.4.1 1.4.2
1.4.3 1.4.4 Scientific paradigm: hermeneutics Qualitative research approach Theoretical framework Analysis of websites
1.4.4.1 Selection criteria 1.4.4.2 Data collection 1.5 Structure 2. Theoretical framework 2.1. Corporate Communication 2.1.1.
Defining Corporate Communication ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After a theoretical analysis of the pharmaceutical industry, the research includes the development of an analytical framework,
which serves as a basis for the examination of the selected websites. This is followed by an analysis based on the CSR section
of the websites of three world leader pharmaceutical wholesalers and service providers within the pharmaceutical industry. A
qualitative methodology applied to the written content of the websites allows drawing conclusions on the reasons that lead
these companies to get involved in CSR. It also provides an interpretation of how these firms organize their CSR
communication, and which CSR communication strategies they use for addressing their stakeholders. Findings: The
engagement in CSR of companies developing its activities and business within the pharmaceutical industry respond to the
different challenges this industry faces. External stakeholders (NGOs, media, consumer advocacy groups and the public
opinion) carefully watch the steps taken by pharmaceuticals. As a consequence, the initiatives and communications must be
designed to satisfy the stakeholders´ needs and expectations. Pharmaceutical wholesalers implement different CSR
communication strategies to reach their objectives. Moreover, organizations choose from a variety of channels to communicate
with specific stakeholder groups (e.g. surveys,

Sustainable Supply Chain
The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/0960–0035.htm
IJPDLM 38,5
A framework of sustainable supply chain management: moving toward new theory
Craig R. Carter and Dale S. Rogers
University of Nevada, College of Business Administration, Reno, Nevada, USA
Abstract
Purpose – The authors perform a large–scale literature review and use conceptual theory building to introduce the concept of
sustainability to the field of supply chain management and demonstrate the relationships among environmental, social, and
economic performance within a supply chain management context. Design/methodology/approach – Conceptual theory
building is used to develop a framework and propositions ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Unfortunately, a review of the literature will show that the term sustainability has been inconsistently defined and applied in
the extant research. This lack of an explicit consideration of economic criteria in current models and definitions of LSR and
PSR, and the failure to consistently define sustainability and to apply the concepts of sustainability to the field of supply chain
management, lead to the following research questions: RQ1. How can the term sustainability be defined and applied to supply
chain management? RQ2. Is there a relationship between the integration of the concepts of sustainability and supply chain
management, and long–term economic success? More specifically, do firms which engage in sustainable supply chain
management (SSCM) practices attain higher economic performance than firms which concentrate solely on economic
performance? The answers to these research questions will help to clarify and begin to defuse the debate surrounding the
relationship between environmental and social performance on one hand, and economic performance on the other. As noted by
Hoffman and Bazerman (2005, p. 16):
The key to resolving this debate is the recognition that (social and environmental) behaviors are

Supply Chain Optimization at Hugo Boss (a)
9–609–029
APRIL 27, 2009
ANANTH RAMAN NICOLE DEHORATIUS ZAHRA KANJI
Supply Chain Optimization at Hugo Boss (A)
Introduction
Katja Ruth and Constantine Moros sat facing each other in the empty conference room. Covering the table between them were
the latest operational and financial figures from the supply chain optimization pilot Hugo Boss had been running in its global
bodywear and hosiery Division.1 Ruth, the director of the division, agreed with Moros, the division's head of operations and
procurement, that the pilot had been a success–better product availability and lower inventory to sales ratios had been
observed for the stock–keeping–units (SKUs) involved in it–but was not convinced that expansion of the initiative beyond ...
These companies sought to differentiate their brands through craftsmanship, quality, and design, but success often depended on
external factors. Sales boosted by an expanding economy could erode quickly in an economic downturn, leaving distribution
centers brimming with inventory. Consumer confidence was the cornerstone of consumer spending and, concomitantly, of the
performance of the apparel and footwear sectors. Europe's apparel and footwear industry saw compound annual growth of
2.3% in 2006 and 1.7% in 2005.4 A trend observed in recent years for consumers to split their spending between high–end
luxury goods and value merchandise was attributed to the availability from chains such as Hennes & Mauritz of increasingly
trendy apparel and footwear tagged at affordable prices. The perpetually shifting demands and preferences of the public
encumbered the apparel sector with the need to maintain large–scale inventory systems, the financial burden of failed items,
and the risk of stock–outs of popular items. The speed of change together with the lag between production and retail
availability made accurate inventory forecasting a persistent challenge.
The Bodywear and Hosiery Division
Hugo Boss's two distinct brands, Hugo and Boss, were divided into five subsidiary lines–HUGO, Boss Black, Boss Green,
Boss Orange, and Boss Selection (see Exhibit 5)–designed to meet the

Innovation And Strategy Of Petrotemex
INDEX
Introduction........................................................................1, 2
Innovation & Strategy ........................................................... 3–6
Business Dilemmas............................................................... 7
Conclusion & Recommendations ............................................. 8–9
References........................................................................ 10
GROUP PETROTEMEX
Founded in 1970, Group Petrotemex S.A. de C.V. is a subsidiary of Alpek S.A.B. de C.V., both part of ALFA.
They cutting edge technology and integrated manufacturing assets, strategically located and on a global scale, make them one
of the biggest producers of Teraphtalic Acid (TPA) in the world, and the first in Latin America. Plus, they are leaders in
marketing of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) and polyester fibers in the same region.
They supply to a broad customer base for the beverage, food and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Group Petrotemex is a subsidiary of Alpek and both part of Alfa group, whereby Petrotemex group follows the strategies of
these two companies. Which are:
Alfa's Strategy seeks to reinforce the competitive position of its businesses, particularly through innovation and research and
development, and to capture growth opportunities from its current business and those related, either organically or through
acquisitions. This with the aim of creating value for its shareholders
Alpek's growth strategy is based on their proactive search for new investment opportunities, capacity to select and implement
strategic projects, and solid financial position. The discipline with which we choose where to invest ensures that our resources
are focused on the most profitable initiatives and that financial flexibility is maintained throughout their development.
The Innovation type of GPT is to focus on process improvements and energy consumption

Spirituality And Mysticism In Varanasi
'Banaras is older than history, older than tradition, older even than legend, and looks twice as old as all of them put together.'–
Mark Twain
Benaras, Kashi or Varanasi, whatever it may be called, this city has been enthralling people from far and wide, since ages. The
spirituality and mysticism of Varanasi, epitomizes everything Indian in a different and better way than many other cities.
Though it is considered as one of the oldest living cities of the world, yet it presents an incomparable blend of tradition and
modernism existing side by side. With the majestic Ghats on the banks of the "Mokshdayini" Ganga, the temples, the narrow
by lanes, the art, culture, food and the people; Varanasi keeps unfolding itself like a maze ,which is what attracts the world to
Varanasi.
With the aim to take the city along the path of growth, development and to showcase to the world that Varanasi is much more
than temples and ghats, I spent three weeks in Varanasi as a district attachment program. The aim was to explore as to how to
connect Varanasi in particular (Uttar Pradesh in general) to the outside world. The visit involved delving into the different
aspects of the city, the issues therein , government initiatives ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Today Varanasi is among the very few cities that can boast of such a varied educational infrastructure. The leading institute is
the Banaras Hindu University(established By Pt. Madan Mohan Malviya in 1916), the second largest residential university in
Asia, with the distinction of having world class institutes for the study of medicine, engineering, agriculture, sciences,
humanities, Environmental Science and Sustainable development which are at the forefront of cutting edge research. SEBI has
granted approval to establish an Investor education center in the Commerce dept of BHU. A Malviya Chair for research in
Railways technology will soon be established in IIT

Greatness-Booker T. Washington and W.E.B Dubois
"Great people often receive violent opposition from violent minds" Albert Einstein This quote typifies the conditions in which
both Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Dubois were challenged with. Not only were they two exemplary examples of African
American greatness, but they proved themselves to be two of the greatest leaders of the early twentieth century regardless of
race. However, as Aristotle once said "people fear what they don't understand, and hate what they can't conquer" thus steps
were taken to dismantle their "movements" at all costs. It was because of this the two were commonly pitted against each other
in media outlets to create a rift in their collective following. Not that there was any truth to their "rivalry", ... Show more
He was seen as a sell out to those who no longer had patience for diligence and slowly earning your way to prominence, but
sought immediacy in their ascent. The main reason for the lack of patience with Washington's methodology was the
immediacy with which blacks received their freedom. Because blacks had been slaves one day and free the next, it seemed as
though the overall sentiment was that as slavery ended poverty should end as well. However, this was unrealistic and
Washington had the foresight to see that. He knew that passionate speeches couldn't put food on tables and vehement rallies
couldn't give people the skills needed to work jobs. The fact that we still mention his name shows that there were individuals
who believed in his message, but who knows how greatly our condition as a race could have been ameliorated had we just
gathered the strength to ignore the critics and accept the word for what it was worth. Blacks were not the only faction to
criticize Booker T. Washington's message. Whites saw Washington as a threat and thus he needed to be silenced as well.
Although he did not preach militancy or rebellion, he did preach self–esteem and diligence

Role of Government in Encouraging Innovation
ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN ENCOURAGING INNOVATION
12/4/2011
Strategic Innovation Management
Authored by Nandini Kapur (D326) Kanika Katyal (D325)
S T R AT E G I C I N N O VAT I O N M A N A G E M E N T
Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................ 2
INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................... 3 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
POLICY ................................................................................. 4 STATE INDUCED INCENTIVES FOR INNOVATION ...
Such policies can reward or deter entrepreneurial quest, can either encourage or be an impediment to innovation.
Page 3
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY
Since independence from the British rule in 1947, India has been investing a significant part of its resources, in creating
quality institutions of higher education and research. In 1958 Indian Government passed a "Scientific Policy Resolution 1958",
which stated: "The key to national prosperity, apart from the spirit of the people, lies, in the modern age, in the effective
combination of three factors, technology, raw materials and capital, of which the first is perhaps the most important, since the
creation and adoption of new scientific techniques can, in fact, make up for a deficiency in natural resources, and reduce the
demands on capital. But technology can only grow out of the study of science and its applications." In keeping with this
objective the Government has established a number of scientific publications in regional languages for school children and
other groups in the society to increase scientific awareness in India. These publications are available to public at large mostly
at subsidized, affordable rates. Finally, in 2003 a "Science and Technology Policy" was announced, which recognized "the
changing context of the scientific enterprise".

Managing the International Value Chain in the Automotive...
Managing the International Value Chain in the Automotive Industry
Strategy, Structure, and Culture
Stefan Schmid, Philipp Grosche
Table of contents
Foreword Authors Acknowledgments International value chains: Current trends and future needs, as exemplified by the
automotive industry 1. Internationalizationofthevaluechainintheautomotiveindustry 2.
Configurationandcoordinationascrucialdimensionsinshapinginternational valuechains 3.
Bestpracticesandoptionsformanagingtheinternationalvaluechain Glocal value creation in the Volkswagen
Group: Moving toward greater decentralization of production and development 1.
TheVolkswagenGroup'snewglobalstrategy 2. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
areshowing alarmingweakness,havingrestedfortoolong
onthelaurelsoftheirearliersuccessesandfailingtorecognizechangesthatweretakingplace
inthemarket.
solelybysuchfactorsascost–
savingproduction,leanprocessdesignorinnovativecapacity.Inordertoprofitfromtheglobalmarket,a
companymustbeabletocreateandmanagean internationalvaluenetworkanddelegatevalue
functionstothepropersites.Thisappliesto salesandprocurementaswellastolaborand
capitalmarkets. Despitepredictionsthatglobalizationwouldlead
toahomogeneousworldmarketwithbarelydifferentiatedproducts,ithasbecomeclearthat
culturaldifferencesstillplayamajorrolein
customers'purchasingdecisionsandinthecommitmentofacompany'semployees.Moreover,
therearesubstantialdifferencesintheproductionandquality–relatedprocessesneededinthe
emergingmarketsrelativetotheindustrialized
countries,andthisaffectseverythingfromproductuse,pricinganddevelopmentpotentialto
distributionandcommunicationschannels.
StefanieSohm
Project manager
6
Today,thechallengeforacompanycompeting ontheinternationalstageistoadjustquicklyto
localcircumstanceswhilesimultaneouslyintegratingitsdivisionsandsitesworldwide,based
onidenticalprinciplesandasharedunderstandingofthecompany'spurposeandobjectives.
Integratingthevarioussitesintocorporate

The History Of Management Essay

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