The female reproductive system plays a major role in ensuring the continuation of the human species by producing eggs and providing a place for fertilization and pregnancy. It consists of internal organs like the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes located in the pelvic cavity, as well as external genitals. The ovaries produce eggs and hormones, the fallopian tubes catch eggs and guide them to the uterus, and the uterus provides nourishment and protection for a developing baby. Fertilization occurs in the fallopian tubes, and the vagina allows for intercourse, menstruation, and childbirth.
The female reproductive system is made up of internal organs and external structures. Its function is to enable reproduction of the species. Sexual maturation is the process that this system undergoes in order to carry out its role in the process of pregnancy and birth.
The reproductive organ in female are those which concerned with copulation, fertilization, growth and development of fetus and its subsequent exit to the outer world.
Roles of Female Reproductive System
Produce sex hormones
Estrogen, Progesterone
Produce egg (ova or oocytes)
Support & protect developing embryo
Give birth to new baby
The female reproductive organs can be subdivided into:
External genitalia or Vulva
Internal genitalia
Accessory reproductive organs.
The vulva refers to those parts that are outwardly visible.
The vulva includes:
Mons pubis
Labia majora
Labia minora
Clitoris
Urethral opening
Vaginal opening
Perineum
MONS PUBIS
The triangular mound of fatty tissue that covers the pubic bone
It protects the pubic symphysis
During adolescence sex hormones trigger the growth of pubic hair on the mons pubis
Hair varies in coarseness curliness, amount, color and thickness
LABIA MAJORA
Referred to as the outer lips
They have a darker pigmentation
The Labia Majora:
Protect the introitus and urethral openings
Are covered with hair and sebaceous glands
Tend to be smooth, moist, and hairless
The labia majora contain sweat and oil-secreting glands
Become flaccid with age and after childbirth
LABIA MINORA
Referred to as the “inner lips”
Made up of erectile, connective tissue that darkens and swells during sexual arousal
Located inside the labia majora
They are more sensitive and responsive to touch than the labia majora
The labia minora tightens during intercourse
CLITORISHighly sensitive organ composed of nerves, blood vessels, and erectile tissue
It is made up of a shaft and a glans
Becomes engorged with blood during sexual stimulation
Key to sexual pleasure for most women
Urethral opening is located directly below clitoris
VAGINAL OPENINGINTROITUSOpening may be covered by a thin sheath called the hymen
Using the presence of an intact hymen for determining virginity is erroneous
The hymen can be perforated by many different events
The female reproductive system is made up of internal organs and external structures. Its function is to enable reproduction of the species. Sexual maturation is the process that this system undergoes in order to carry out its role in the process of pregnancy and birth.
The reproductive organ in female are those which concerned with copulation, fertilization, growth and development of fetus and its subsequent exit to the outer world.
Roles of Female Reproductive System
Produce sex hormones
Estrogen, Progesterone
Produce egg (ova or oocytes)
Support & protect developing embryo
Give birth to new baby
The female reproductive organs can be subdivided into:
External genitalia or Vulva
Internal genitalia
Accessory reproductive organs.
The vulva refers to those parts that are outwardly visible.
The vulva includes:
Mons pubis
Labia majora
Labia minora
Clitoris
Urethral opening
Vaginal opening
Perineum
MONS PUBIS
The triangular mound of fatty tissue that covers the pubic bone
It protects the pubic symphysis
During adolescence sex hormones trigger the growth of pubic hair on the mons pubis
Hair varies in coarseness curliness, amount, color and thickness
LABIA MAJORA
Referred to as the outer lips
They have a darker pigmentation
The Labia Majora:
Protect the introitus and urethral openings
Are covered with hair and sebaceous glands
Tend to be smooth, moist, and hairless
The labia majora contain sweat and oil-secreting glands
Become flaccid with age and after childbirth
LABIA MINORA
Referred to as the “inner lips”
Made up of erectile, connective tissue that darkens and swells during sexual arousal
Located inside the labia majora
They are more sensitive and responsive to touch than the labia majora
The labia minora tightens during intercourse
CLITORISHighly sensitive organ composed of nerves, blood vessels, and erectile tissue
It is made up of a shaft and a glans
Becomes engorged with blood during sexual stimulation
Key to sexual pleasure for most women
Urethral opening is located directly below clitoris
VAGINAL OPENINGINTROITUSOpening may be covered by a thin sheath called the hymen
Using the presence of an intact hymen for determining virginity is erroneous
The hymen can be perforated by many different events
There will be scientific program,pre and post congress workshops covering vast topics like Repeated IVF failures,Endometriosis,Stimulation Protocols-Review & new strategies,Oocyte,Hands on Laparascopic suturing and Operative
hysteroscopy,Advanced Reproductive techniques,Rise & fall of Metformin,Fitness for Fertility,Letrozole in infertility and
ART,Recent Advances in ART,Ovarian Pathology,Monitoring Ovarian Function,Antagonist,Oocyte Cryo banking,Unexplained Infertility,Ovulation Induction,Embryology,Cyro Preservation& Vitrification,Oocyte Retrieval,IVF
lite,Ovarian Imaging,Ovarian Tumor,Egg donation,Oocyte Donation,GnRH antagonist in IUI,Repeated IVF failures
Incharge,Endometriosis,Reproductive Endocrinology,Oocyte Incharge,Reproductive Surgery,Androlgy for the gynecologist and more.
There will be scientific program,pre and post congress workshops covering vast topics like Repeated IVF failures,Endometriosis,Stimulation Protocols-Review & new strategies,Oocyte,Hands on Laparascopic suturing and Operative
hysteroscopy,Advanced Reproductive techniques,Rise & fall of Metformin,Fitness for Fertility,Letrozole in infertility and
ART,Recent Advances in ART,Ovarian Pathology,Monitoring Ovarian Function,Antagonist,Oocyte Cryo banking,Unexplained Infertility,Ovulation Induction,Embryology,Cyro Preservation& Vitrification,Oocyte Retrieval,IVF
lite,Ovarian Imaging,Ovarian Tumor,Egg donation,Oocyte Donation,GnRH antagonist in IUI,Repeated IVF failures
Incharge,Endometriosis,Reproductive Endocrinology,Oocyte Incharge,Reproductive Surgery,Androlgy for the gynecologist and more.
The following power point discusses about how the process of sexual reproduction takes place in Humans. In it, we discuss about the male and female reproductive systems, then we discuss about how the process of fertilisation occurs in humans. Thereafter we discuss about pregnancy. Menstrual Cycle, Ways to control Population growth, STDs etc
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
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Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...
The female reproductive system10
1. The Female Reproductive System
(Part 1)
oPlays a major function to ensure the continuation of the human
species.
oThe Reproductive System produces ova (the female reproductive
cell)
oProvides a place for fertilization to occur and for a baby to grow
during pregnancy.
oThe Breasts provide nourishment for the newborn.
2.
3. The Female Reproductive System consists of
both internal and external genitals, the
reproductive organs.
Internal Genitalia are located in the pelvic
cavity and consists of the uterus, two
ovaries, two fallopian tubes, and the vagina.
4. A hollow pear-shaped organ that contains a thick muscular wall, a mucus
membrane lining and a rich supply of blood.
It lies to the center of the pelvic cavity between the bladder and the rectum.
It is normally bent slightly forward (anteflexion)
The uterus has three sections:
the fundus (upper portion between where the fallopian tubes connect to the
uterus.
Corpus (the body) central portion and cervix or lower portion (the neck of the
uterus), which opens into the vagina.
The inner layer (endometrium) of the uterine wall contains a rich blood supply. It
reacts to hormonal changes every month that prepares it to receive a fertilized
ovum. It provides a place of nourishment and protection for the developing baby.
If there is no fertilization, the endometrium is sloughed off, resulting in
menstruation (shedding of the lining of the uterus)
5. Two Ovaries
Small almond shaped glands that produce ova (ovum) and the female sex
hormones.
One located on each side of the uterus.
Hormones from the anterior pituitary, follicle stimulating hormone and
luteinizing hormones stimulate maturation of ovum and trigger ovulation ( the
process by which one ovary releases an ovum
The female sex hormones produced by the ovaries estrogen and progesterone
stimulate the lining of the uterus to be prepared to receive a fertilized ovum.
6. Uterine tubes or oviducts.
5 ½ inches long and run from the area around each ovary
to either side of the upper portion of the uterus.
The unattached ends of these tubes expand into fingerlike
projections called frimbriae.
The frimbriae catches an ovum after ovulation and directs
it into the fallopian tube. The tube then propels the ovum
from the ovary to the uterus so it can implant.
7. The Vagina
Muscular tube lines with mucous membrane
that extends from the cervix of the uterus to
the outside of the body.
Allows the passage of the menstrual flow.
During intercourse, it receives the male penis
and semen (fluid containing sperm)
Serves as birth canal through which the body
passes during a normal vaginal birth.
8. What purposes does the vagina have in
the female reproductive system?
Where does fertilization take place?
How many arteries are in the female
reproductive system?
What reproductive part protects a
developing child?
Review