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The Entrepreneurial Mind
How great entrepreneurs think different




                                          paulshawsmith
                                             scientific business strategy
Researching Entrepreneurs




                      paulshawsmith
                         scientific business strategy
Entrepreneurial personality?




                       paulshawsmith
                          scientific business strategy
David McClelland
1953
1967
Intelligence
Intelligence   Personality
Intelligence   Personality   Needs
Intelligence   Personality   Needs   Risk
???   ???   ???   ???
1984

       paulshawsmith
          scientific business strategy
“Who is an entrepreneur?”
Is the wrong question.
- Willaim Gartner
Who?
Who?   Do?
Who?   Do?   Think?
Successful entrepreneurs thoughts?




                         paulshawsmith
                            scientific business strategy
What thoughts predict success?




                       paulshawsmith
                          scientific business strategy
1 Start up reasons




                     paulshawsmith
                        scientific business strategy
Why start a business?




                   paulshawsmith
                      scientific business strategy
1
2
3
3
4
5
6
1 Self-realization
2 Financial success
3 Roles
3 Innovation
4 Recognition
5 Unemployment
6 Independence
Reasons that lead to success?




                       paulshawsmith
                          scientific business strategy
Unemployment
  Reasons
Financial
Reasons
paulshawsmith
   scientific business strategy
Why?




       paulshawsmith
          scientific business strategy
2 Growth Motive




                  paulshawsmith
                     scientific business strategy
How many employees to do you expect to
       employ in 5 years time?

       0 or more
       1 or more

        2 or more

        5 or more

        10 or more

        20 or more

        50 or more

        100 or more
                              paulshawsmith
                                 scientific business strategy
paulshawsmith
   scientific business strategy
What do you expect your annual sales
  turnover to be in 5 years time?

      Less than a R1 million
      R1 million or more

      R20 million or more

      R50 million or more

      R10 million or more

      R20 million or more

      R50 million or more

      R100 million or more
                               paulshawsmith
                                  scientific business strategy
Growth Commitment?



                                                     80%
                                  54%
                                                      FAST
                                                     GROWTH

                               SLOW
                              GROWTH




                                                         paulshawsmith
                                                            scientific business strategy

Source: Barringer et al. (2005)
Written growth vision?




                                                  x
    Avg. profit 12.4%                         Avg. profit 5.5%


                                                    paulshawsmith
                                                       scientific business strategy
Source: Baum , Locke and Kirkpatrick (1998)
If your employees/sales doubled how would it
have a negative or positive impact on:
   Your workload
   Extend to which preferred tasks would dominate
   Your employee well being
   Ability to control operations
   Independence from customers, suppliers, etc.
   Ability to survive a crisis
   Ability to keep up quality products and services


                                         paulshawsmith
                                            scientific business strategy
FOUNDER OF SONY




                  paulshawsmith
                     scientific business strategy
“We will create products that become
 pervasive around the world… We will
 be the first Japanese company to go
   into the US market and distribute
   directly.. Fifty years from now, our
  brand will be as well know as any in
                 the world.”


                              paulshawsmith
                                 scientific business strategy
HENRY FORD




             paulshawsmith
                scientific business strategy
“I will build a motor car for the great
  multitude… It will be so low in price
   that no man making a good salary
 will be unable to own one. The horse
     will have disappeared from our
    highways, the automobile will be
            taken for granted.”


                              paulshawsmith
                                 scientific business strategy
3 Optimism




             paulshawsmith
                scientific business strategy
Optimism?




            paulshawsmith
               scientific business strategy
What are the odds of your business succeeding?




                   0      1     2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9     10
No Chance                                                                Certain Chance
of Success                                                                 of Success




 Source: Cooper et al. (1988)
                                                                paulshawsmith
                                                                   scientific business strategy
What are the odds of your business succeeding?


                                                       81%

                    0          1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9     10
No Chance                                                                   Certain Chance
of Success                                                                    of Success




Source: Cooper et al. (1990)
                                                                   paulshawsmith
                                                                      scientific business strategy
What are the odds of your business succeeding?


                                                                    33%

                     0         1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9     10
 No Chance                                                                  Certain Chance
 of Success                                                                   of Success




Source: Cooper et al. (1990)
                                                                   paulshawsmith
                                                                      scientific business strategy
=
    paulshawsmith
       scientific business strategy
Why?




       paulshawsmith
          scientific business strategy
4 Self Efficacy




                  paulshawsmith
                     scientific business strategy
Self-efficacy:
Belief in one own competence to
       perform a specific task




                        paulshawsmith
                           scientific business strategy
How certain are you that you can:
                Set and meet sales goals


                                      1   2   3   4   5
            Completely unsure                             Completely sure




Source: Chen, Greene & Crick (1998)
                                                              paulshawsmith
                                                                 scientific business strategy
How certain are you that you can:
                  Expand your business


                                      1   2   3   4   5
            Completely unsure                             Completely sure




Source: Chen, Greene & Crick (1998)
                                                              paulshawsmith
                                                                 scientific business strategy
How certain are you that you can:
            Create new products and services


                                      1   2   3   4   5
            Completely unsure                             Completely sure




Source: Chen, Greene & Crick (1998)
                                                              paulshawsmith
                                                                 scientific business strategy
How certain are you that you can:
               Define organizational roles,
               responsibilities and polices

                                      1   2   3   4   5
            Completely unsure                             Completely sure




Source: Chen, Greene & Crick (1998)
                                                              paulshawsmith
                                                                 scientific business strategy
How certain are you that you can:
             Work under pressure and conflict


                                      1   2   3   4   5
            Completely unsure                             Completely sure




Source: Chen, Greene & Crick (1998)
                                                              paulshawsmith
                                                                 scientific business strategy
How certain are you that you can:
      Develop financial systems and internal
                    controls

                                      1   2   3   4   5
            Completely unsure                             Completely sure




Source: Chen, Greene & Crick (1998)
                                                              paulshawsmith
                                                                 scientific business strategy
paulshawsmith
   scientific business strategy
paulshawsmith
   scientific business strategy
paulshawsmith
   scientific business strategy
Is self-efficacy always good?




                        paulshawsmith
                           scientific business strategy
5 Passion?




             paulshawsmith
                scientific business strategy
Does passion lead to success?
I look forward to returning to work when I am away from my work




    Very
                    0          1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9       10
                                                                                       Very
    False                                                                              True




Source: Cooper et al. (1990)
                                                                   paulshawsmith
                                                                      scientific business strategy
I accomplish a lot because I love my job




                  0      1     2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9     10
  Very                                                                           Very
  False                                                                          True




Source: Cooper et al. (1990)
                                                               paulshawsmith
                                                                  scientific business strategy
Most of my life’s satisfaction is derived from my work




                 0      1      2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9     10
 Very                                                                            Very
 False                                                                           True




Source: Cooper et al. (1990)
                                                               paulshawsmith
                                                                  scientific business strategy
=
    paulshawsmith
       scientific business strategy
Why?




       paulshawsmith
          scientific business strategy
Restaurant



   Working Alone



       Cooking




  Research recipes




 Testing new dishes



      Shopping




paulshawsmith
   scientific business strategy
Working with others



   Managing Others



Marketing and Selling




  The Hiring Process




Dealing with customers



 Managing Finances




paulshawsmith
   scientific business strategy
TASK SPECIFIC PASSION

                         Finding Opportunities



                        Building a Great Team



                         Marketing and Selling




                        Building Great Products




                         Acquiring Resources



                          Managing Finances




                            paulshawsmith
                               scientific business strategy
6 Time Horizon
Good idea?
TIME AND SURVIVAL RATES
   Source: Evans and Leighton (1989)




                                       paulshawsmith
                                          scientific business strategy
START UP EXP AND SURVIVAL
  Source: Bruderl, Ziegler & Preisendorfer (1992)




      Start up                                      No start up
     Experience                                     Experience
             (3/20 failed)                            (6/20 failed)




                                                            paulshawsmith
                                                               scientific business strategy
paulshawsmith
   scientific business strategy
paulshawsmith
   scientific business strategy
paulshawsmith
   scientific business strategy
Born 1930




            paulshawsmith
               scientific business strategy
1. His Dad was a stock broker




                                paulshawsmith
                                   scientific business strategy
2. Chewing gum business (6-12 years)




                             paulshawsmith
                                scientific business strategy
3. Coke Business (6-12 years)




                                paulshawsmith
                                   scientific business strategy
4. Peanuts and Popcorn job (6-12 years)




                               paulshawsmith
                                  scientific business strategy
5. Invested in stocks (6-12 years)




                                paulshawsmith
                                   scientific business strategy
5. Meet Sidney Weinberg (6-12 years)




                              paulshawsmith
                                 scientific business strategy
6. Read Dad’s business books (13-15 yrs)




                              paulshawsmith
                                 scientific business strategy
7. Read (6-12 yrs)




                     paulshawsmith
                        scientific business strategy
8. Worked at Buffet & Sons (11-14 yrs)




                               paulshawsmith
                                  scientific business strategy
9. Newspaper delivery job (13-15 yrs)




                               paulshawsmith
                                  scientific business strategy
10. Magazine business (11-14 yrs)




                              paulshawsmith
                                 scientific business strategy
11. Sold second hand golf balls (13-15 yrs)




                                 paulshawsmith
                                    scientific business strategy
12. Calendar business (11-14 yrs)




                              paulshawsmith
                                 scientific business strategy
13. Caddying job (11-14 yrs)




                               paulshawsmith
                                  scientific business strategy
14. Set the millionaire goal (11-14 yrs)

I want to be a millionaire by the time I am 35
           – Warren Buffett, 1941




                                                 paulshawsmith
                                                    scientific business strategy
15. Read stock pages daily (13-15 yrs)




                               paulshawsmith
                                  scientific business strategy
16. Library visits (13-15 yrs)




                                 paulshawsmith
                                    scientific business strategy
17. Snow shoveling job (13-15 yrs)




                               paulshawsmith
                                  scientific business strategy
18. Invested in a hardware store (15-17 yrs)




                                 paulshawsmith
                                    scientific business strategy
19. Horse race betting (15-17 yrs)




                               paulshawsmith
                                  scientific business strategy
20. Tip sheet business (15-17 yrs)




                               paulshawsmith
                                  scientific business strategy
21. Golf ball refurbish business (15-17 yrs)




                                 paulshawsmith
                                    scientific business strategy
22. Collectable stamp business (15-17 yrs)




                               paulshawsmith
                                  scientific business strategy
23. Cornflakes and dog biscuits (15-17 yrs)




                                paulshawsmith
                                   scientific business strategy
24. Car-buffing business (15-17 yrs)




                                paulshawsmith
                                   scientific business strategy
25. Pinball business (15-17 yrs)




                                   paulshawsmith
                                      scientific business strategy
26. Farm investment (15-17 yrs)




                                  paulshawsmith
                                     scientific business strategy
27. Studied great business leaders
(15-17 yrs)




                               paulshawsmith
                                  scientific business strategy
28. Studied at WBS (17-19 yrs)




                                 paulshawsmith
                                    scientific business strategy
29. Studied at UNL (19-20 yrs)




                                 paulshawsmith
                                    scientific business strategy
30. Masters at Columbia (20-21 yrs)




                               paulshawsmith
                                  scientific business strategy
31. Taught by Graham (21-24)




                               paulshawsmith
                                  scientific business strategy
32. Almost learnt textbooks by heart
(20-21 yrs)




                                paulshawsmith
                                   scientific business strategy
33. Studied at NYIF (20-21 yrs)




                                  paulshawsmith
                                     scientific business strategy
34. Worked as a stock broker (21-24)




                              paulshawsmith
                                 scientific business strategy
35. Taught a class on investing (21-24)




                               paulshawsmith
                                  scientific business strategy
36. Invested in a gas station (21-24 yrs)




                                 paulshawsmith
                                    scientific business strategy
37. Worked for Graham (24-26)




                                paulshawsmith
                                   scientific business strategy
paulshawsmith
   scientific business strategy
Is it enough to just start business?




                              paulshawsmith
                                 scientific business strategy
Marius
Pretorius




            paulshawsmith
               scientific business strategy
8
    failures




               paulshawsmith
                  scientific business strategy
8
    failures




               D’oh!




                       paulshawsmith
                          scientific business strategy
Expertise Development
paulshawsmith
   scientific business strategy
paulshawsmith
   scientific business strategy
paulshawsmith
   scientific business strategy
Deliberate Practice: An activity that is designed
    to improve a individuals performance level.




                                     paulshawsmith
                                        scientific business strategy
paulshawsmith
   scientific business strategy
paulshawsmith
   scientific business strategy
paulshawsmith
   scientific business strategy
paulshawsmith
   scientific business strategy
paulshawsmith
   scientific business strategy
paulshawsmith
   scientific business strategy
Are you taking time to reflect and learn?




                                 paulshawsmith
                                    scientific business strategy
The Entrepreneurial Mind
The Entrepreneurial Mind




 1 Financial
   Motive
The Entrepreneurial Mind




 1 Financial   2 Growth
   Motive       Motive
The Entrepreneurial Mind




 1 Financial   2 Growth
                          3 Optimism
   Motive       Motive
The Entrepreneurial Mind




 1 Financial   2 Growth                 4 Self
                          3 Optimism
   Motive       Motive                 efficacy
The Entrepreneurial Mind




 1 Financial   2 Growth                 4 Self     5 Task
                          3 Optimism
   Motive       Motive                 efficacy   Passion
The Entrepreneurial Mind




 1 Financial   2 Growth                 4 Self     5 Task   6 Time
                          3 Optimism
   Motive       Motive                 efficacy   Passion   Horizon

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The Entrepreneurial Mind

  • 1. The Entrepreneurial Mind How great entrepreneurs think different paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 2. Researching Entrepreneurs paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 3. Entrepreneurial personality? paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 4.
  • 9. Intelligence Personality
  • 10. Intelligence Personality Needs
  • 11. Intelligence Personality Needs Risk
  • 12. ??? ??? ??? ???
  • 13. 1984 paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 14. “Who is an entrepreneur?” Is the wrong question. - Willaim Gartner
  • 15. Who?
  • 16. Who? Do?
  • 17. Who? Do? Think?
  • 18. Successful entrepreneurs thoughts? paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 19. What thoughts predict success? paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 20. 1 Start up reasons paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 21. Why start a business? paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 22. 1
  • 23. 2
  • 24. 3
  • 25. 3
  • 26. 4
  • 27. 5
  • 28. 6
  • 36. Reasons that lead to success? paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 38.
  • 40. paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 41. Why? paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 42. 2 Growth Motive paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 43. How many employees to do you expect to employ in 5 years time? 0 or more 1 or more 2 or more 5 or more 10 or more 20 or more 50 or more 100 or more paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 44. paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 45. What do you expect your annual sales turnover to be in 5 years time? Less than a R1 million R1 million or more R20 million or more R50 million or more R10 million or more R20 million or more R50 million or more R100 million or more paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 46. Growth Commitment? 80% 54% FAST GROWTH SLOW GROWTH paulshawsmith scientific business strategy Source: Barringer et al. (2005)
  • 47. Written growth vision?  x Avg. profit 12.4% Avg. profit 5.5% paulshawsmith scientific business strategy Source: Baum , Locke and Kirkpatrick (1998)
  • 48. If your employees/sales doubled how would it have a negative or positive impact on:  Your workload  Extend to which preferred tasks would dominate  Your employee well being  Ability to control operations  Independence from customers, suppliers, etc.  Ability to survive a crisis  Ability to keep up quality products and services paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 49. FOUNDER OF SONY paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 50. “We will create products that become pervasive around the world… We will be the first Japanese company to go into the US market and distribute directly.. Fifty years from now, our brand will be as well know as any in the world.” paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 51. HENRY FORD paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 52. “I will build a motor car for the great multitude… It will be so low in price that no man making a good salary will be unable to own one. The horse will have disappeared from our highways, the automobile will be taken for granted.” paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 53. 3 Optimism paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 54. Optimism? paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 55. What are the odds of your business succeeding? 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 No Chance Certain Chance of Success of Success Source: Cooper et al. (1988) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 56. What are the odds of your business succeeding? 81% 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 No Chance Certain Chance of Success of Success Source: Cooper et al. (1990) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 57. What are the odds of your business succeeding? 33% 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 No Chance Certain Chance of Success of Success Source: Cooper et al. (1990) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 58. = paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 59. Why? paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 60. 4 Self Efficacy paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 61.
  • 62. Self-efficacy: Belief in one own competence to perform a specific task paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 63. How certain are you that you can: Set and meet sales goals 1 2 3 4 5 Completely unsure Completely sure Source: Chen, Greene & Crick (1998) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 64. How certain are you that you can: Expand your business 1 2 3 4 5 Completely unsure Completely sure Source: Chen, Greene & Crick (1998) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 65. How certain are you that you can: Create new products and services 1 2 3 4 5 Completely unsure Completely sure Source: Chen, Greene & Crick (1998) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 66. How certain are you that you can: Define organizational roles, responsibilities and polices 1 2 3 4 5 Completely unsure Completely sure Source: Chen, Greene & Crick (1998) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 67. How certain are you that you can: Work under pressure and conflict 1 2 3 4 5 Completely unsure Completely sure Source: Chen, Greene & Crick (1998) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 68. How certain are you that you can: Develop financial systems and internal controls 1 2 3 4 5 Completely unsure Completely sure Source: Chen, Greene & Crick (1998) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 69. paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 70. paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 71. paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 72. Is self-efficacy always good? paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 73. 5 Passion? paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 74. Does passion lead to success?
  • 75. I look forward to returning to work when I am away from my work Very 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Very False True Source: Cooper et al. (1990) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 76. I accomplish a lot because I love my job 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Very Very False True Source: Cooper et al. (1990) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 77. Most of my life’s satisfaction is derived from my work 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Very Very False True Source: Cooper et al. (1990) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 78. = paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 79. Why? paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 80. Restaurant Working Alone Cooking Research recipes Testing new dishes Shopping paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 81. Working with others Managing Others Marketing and Selling The Hiring Process Dealing with customers Managing Finances paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 82. TASK SPECIFIC PASSION Finding Opportunities Building a Great Team Marketing and Selling Building Great Products Acquiring Resources Managing Finances paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 85. TIME AND SURVIVAL RATES Source: Evans and Leighton (1989) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 86. START UP EXP AND SURVIVAL Source: Bruderl, Ziegler & Preisendorfer (1992) Start up No start up Experience Experience (3/20 failed) (6/20 failed) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 87. paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 88. paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 89. paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 90. Born 1930 paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 91. 1. His Dad was a stock broker paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 92. 2. Chewing gum business (6-12 years) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 93. 3. Coke Business (6-12 years) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 94. 4. Peanuts and Popcorn job (6-12 years) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 95. 5. Invested in stocks (6-12 years) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 96. 5. Meet Sidney Weinberg (6-12 years) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 97. 6. Read Dad’s business books (13-15 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 98. 7. Read (6-12 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 99. 8. Worked at Buffet & Sons (11-14 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 100. 9. Newspaper delivery job (13-15 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 101. 10. Magazine business (11-14 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 102. 11. Sold second hand golf balls (13-15 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 103. 12. Calendar business (11-14 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 104. 13. Caddying job (11-14 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 105. 14. Set the millionaire goal (11-14 yrs) I want to be a millionaire by the time I am 35 – Warren Buffett, 1941 paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 106. 15. Read stock pages daily (13-15 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 107. 16. Library visits (13-15 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 108. 17. Snow shoveling job (13-15 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 109. 18. Invested in a hardware store (15-17 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 110. 19. Horse race betting (15-17 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 111. 20. Tip sheet business (15-17 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 112. 21. Golf ball refurbish business (15-17 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 113. 22. Collectable stamp business (15-17 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 114. 23. Cornflakes and dog biscuits (15-17 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 115. 24. Car-buffing business (15-17 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 116. 25. Pinball business (15-17 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 117. 26. Farm investment (15-17 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 118. 27. Studied great business leaders (15-17 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 119. 28. Studied at WBS (17-19 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 120. 29. Studied at UNL (19-20 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 121. 30. Masters at Columbia (20-21 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 122. 31. Taught by Graham (21-24) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 123. 32. Almost learnt textbooks by heart (20-21 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 124. 33. Studied at NYIF (20-21 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 125. 34. Worked as a stock broker (21-24) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 126. 35. Taught a class on investing (21-24) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 127. 36. Invested in a gas station (21-24 yrs) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 128. 37. Worked for Graham (24-26) paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 129. paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 130. Is it enough to just start business? paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 131. Marius Pretorius paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 132. 8 failures paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 133. 8 failures D’oh! paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 135. paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 136. paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 137. paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 138. Deliberate Practice: An activity that is designed to improve a individuals performance level. paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 139. paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 140. paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 141. paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 142. paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 143. paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 144. paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 145.
  • 146. Are you taking time to reflect and learn? paulshawsmith scientific business strategy
  • 148. The Entrepreneurial Mind 1 Financial Motive
  • 149. The Entrepreneurial Mind 1 Financial 2 Growth Motive Motive
  • 150. The Entrepreneurial Mind 1 Financial 2 Growth 3 Optimism Motive Motive
  • 151. The Entrepreneurial Mind 1 Financial 2 Growth 4 Self 3 Optimism Motive Motive efficacy
  • 152. The Entrepreneurial Mind 1 Financial 2 Growth 4 Self 5 Task 3 Optimism Motive Motive efficacy Passion
  • 153. The Entrepreneurial Mind 1 Financial 2 Growth 4 Self 5 Task 6 Time 3 Optimism Motive Motive efficacy Passion Horizon