Android on Intel platforms : current state, near-future, future & developers offering

INTEL CONFIDENTIAL, FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY
Android* on Intel platforms
Current state, near-future, future and
developers offering
Alexander Weggerle, Technical Consulting Engineer
Xavier Hallade, Technical Marketing Engineer

INTEL CONFIDENTIAL
Software and Services Group
Most Android* Apps Will “Just Work” on Atom
Android Dalvik and HTML5 apps
• These should “just work”– we do extensive testing of
pre-production systems
Android native (NDK) apps
• Most will run w/o any recompilation but …
• A simple recompile using the Android NDK yields the best performance
• If the developer uses ARM-specific features, add equivalent Intel SSE features
Top Android Market apps
• Intel validates and tests on Intel® Atom™ processor platforms
(Mix of Dalvik and native (NDK) apps)
Android Runtime
Core Libraries
Dalvik Virtual
Machine

Copyright© 2012, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
*Other brands and names are the property of their respective owners.
Optimizing Android for Intel®
Atom™ Processor-Based Devices
AppsApplication
Framework
Home Contacts Phone Browser
Activity
Manager
Windows*
Manager
Telephony
Manager
Resource
Manager
Content
Providers View System
Location
Manager
Notification
Manager
Package
Manager
…
Surface
Manager
OpenGL* ES
SGL
Media
Framework
FreeType
SSL
SQLite
WebKit
libc
Core
Libraries
Dalvik Virtual
Machine
Display Driver Camera Driver Flash Memory
Driver
Binder (IPC)
Driver
Keypad Driver WiFi Driver Audio Drivers Power
Management
…
…
Libraries
Linux* Kernel
Android* Runtime
Apps
User
Experience
Middleware
Operating
System
Apply our
extensive
experience
optimizing Java*
to the Dalvik* VM
Drivers validated
& optimized for
power & memory
footprint
SKIA and openGL
optimizations
Enhanced
debugging and
logging
IA assembly
optimizations
We optimize web
technologies
such as HTML 5,
WebKit and
JavaScript†
GPU & Video
support for canvas
operations
Extensive middleware
development in
imaging, media and
DRM deliver
compelling media
experiences
Memory Optimizations,
AVI, DivX*, and ASF
container types, WMV
/VC-1 decoder. Live
Streaming optimizations,
HDMI and WiDI Extended
Video Modes, Video
Playback DRM
†Based on third party validation and sampling of Android apps using specific computer systems and/or components and reflect the approximate
performance of Intel products as measured by those tests. Any difference in system hardware or software design or configuration may affect actual
performance and/or results.

Committed to providing the best
experience on IA
• Intel recognized as the #1 external contributor2 to JB .
In line to be #1 again for next Android release
• Chrome browser ported to Android and optimized to run best on IA
• Intel has contributed 750+ patches to Webkit (Drives the browser for Android and
iOS) in the last two months and is the 2nd largest Contributor to Chromium behind
Google
• Creating cross-platform tools and development environments based on new
programming models
3X Faster1
Android ICS Browser
GPU accelerated
FPS: 20  60
6X Faster1
Jscript Performance
X86 codegen
Industry Leader
Best-in-class1
Optimized Android 2.3
Web Runtime
CES 2012 Review
>20% Faster1
Optimized SKIA
Rendering Library
Android 2.3
Optimizing Android on IA for performance, power, and user experience

INTEL CONFIDENTIAL
All products, designs, dates and figures specified are preliminary based on current expectations, and are subject to
change without notice. Performance tests and ratings are measured using specific computer systems and/or components
and reflect the approximate performance of Intel products as measured by those tests. Any difference in system hardware
or software design or configuration may affect actual performance. Buyers should consult other sources of information to
evaluate the performance of systems or components they are considering purchasing.
PERFORMANCE
SMARTPHONE
VALUE
SMARTPHONE
Higher
Performance
Up to 2.0 GHz Processor
Intel® XMM™ 6260: HSPA+
2 cores, 4 threads
Up to 2X Performance
2X HSPA+ / LTE
1.2 GHz Processor
Intel XMM 6265: HSPA+
Lower Cost
Intel® Atom™ Z2460
Intel Atom Z25X0
Intel Atom Z2420
Current Smartphone and Tablets
Platforms

INTEL CONFIDENTIAL
Smartphones with Intel Inside - 2012
Motorola RAZR i ZTE Grand X IN
Lava Xolo X900 Megafon Mint
Lenovo
K800
Orange San Diego (UK)
Orange avec Intel Inside (FR)
Z2460

INTEL CONFIDENTIAL
Smartphones with Intel Inside - 2013
Intel® Yolo
Acer Liquid C1
ASUS*
Fonepad™ - 7”
Z2420 Z2580Z2560
Lenovo* K900 – 5.5”
ASUS Fonepad™ Note
FHD - 6”
ZTE Grand X2 – 4.5”ZTE* Geek – 5”
…

INTEL CONFIDENTIAL
Tablets with Intel Inside - 2013
Samsung* Galaxy™ Tab 3 10.1”
(Z2560)
ASUS* MeMO Pad FHD 10”
(Z2560)
ASUS* Fonepad™ 7”
(Z2420)

INTEL CONFIDENTIAL
And more…
ASUS* Transformer Book Trio
Atom Z2580 + Core i7 4th Generation

INTEL CONFIDENTIAL
PSI
TS
PIDs
Packaging APKs for multiple CPU
architectures
Two options:
One package for all (“fat binary”)
• Embed native libraries for each architecture in one APK
• Easiest and preferred way to go.
Multiple APKs
• One APK per architecture
• If you have good reasons to do so (ie your fat binary
APK would be larger than 50MB).

INTEL CONFIDENTIAL
The application will be filtered on ABI support during
installation (after download).
Use lib/armeabi libraries
Use lib/armeabi-v7a
libraries
Use lib/x86
libraries
Fat Binaries

INTEL CONFIDENTIALINTEL CONFIDENTIAL
Multiple APK demo

INTEL CONFIDENTIAL
Version code convention (proposal)
APKs that targets different platforms must have
different version codes.
The store will choose the compatible APK with the
higher version code number.
Using this convention, the chosen APK will be the
one that run best on the device.

INTEL CONFIDENTIALINTEL CONFIDENTIAL
Future

INTEL CONFIDENTIAL

Intel® Hardware Accelerated
Execution Manager (HAXM)

Speeding up Android Emulation
Whether targeting Dalvik or native (C/C++) apps
for ARM or x86 devices, developers can use
the x86 emulator with HAXM to greatly speed up
functional testing and debugging

Pre-built Atom Images
• Android SDK manager has x86 emulation images
built-in
• To emulate an Atom-based Android phone, install
the “Intel Atom x86 System Image” available in
the Android SDK Manager
Much Faster Emulation
• Intel® Hardware Accelerated Execution Manager
(HAXM) for Mac and Windows uses Intel®
Virtualization Technology (VT) to accelerate
Android emulator by 2-4x
• Intel VT is already supported in Linux* (KVM) for
x86.
See www.intel.com/software/android
for demo videos & installation tips
Intel x86
Emulator
Accelerator
Faster Android Emulation using an IA-based host PC
Intel x86 Atom
System Image

Intel® Graphics Performance
Analyzers

26
Intel® Graphics Performance Analyzers
System Analyzer for Android
• Real-time system-level
performance analysis for Intel-
based Android devices
• Immediate experiments and
overwrites enable developers to
isolate CPU and GPU
performance problems
• Metrics for CPU, GPU, API,
memory, network, power, etc.

For on-device app testing: Intel®
GPA System Analyzer
Real-time Remote Performance and Power Profiling
Intel® GPA System
Analyzer running on
a PC
Android
Smart
Phone
USB adb Connection
Wi-Fi Connection
Data
Real-time charts:
• CPU metrics
• Graphics API level metrics
• Processor graphics hardware metrics
• Power metrics
Download Intel® GPA for FREE at intel.com/software/GPA

Specific Metrics and Overrides
28
Metrics enable performance
analysis and observation
 BUS/DRAM
 CPU
 Flash File System I/O
 Network I/O
 GPU
 App Memory
 OpenGL API and States
 Power
Overrides enable performance
analysis and debugging
 1x1 Scissor Rect
 Disable Alpha Blending
 Disable Alpha Test
 Disable Draw Calls
 Disable Z-Test
 Show Wireframe
 Texture 2x2
 Simple Fragment Shader
 Hyper Threading Disable
 V-Sync Disable
 CPU Frequency Override

Intel® Threading Building Blocks
(TBB)

31
Key Features of TBB
You can specify tasks instead of manipulating
threads
• TBB maps your logical tasks onto threads with full
support for nested parallelism
Targets threading for scalable performance
• Uses proven efficient parallel patterns
• Uses work-stealing to support the load balance of
unknown execution time for tasks.
Open source and licensed versions available on :
Linux, Windows, Mac OS X* and… Android*

Intel® TBB - Example
#include <tbb/parallel_reduce.h>
#include <tbb/blocked_range.h>
double getPi()
{
const int num_steps = 10000000;
const double step = 1./num_steps;
double pi = tbb::parallel_reduce(
tbb::blocked_range<int>(0, num_steps),
double(0),
[&](const tbb::blocked_range<int>& r, double current_sum ) -
> double {
for (size_t i=r.begin(); i!=r.end(); ++i) {
double x = (i+0.5)*step;
current_sum += 4.0/(1.0 + x*x);
}
return current_sum; // body returns updated value of the
accumulator
},
[]( double s1, double s2 ) {
return s1+s2;
}
);
return pi*step;
}

Intel® TBB – Integration
#for including tbb in your project:
include $(CLEAR_VARS)
LOCAL_MODULE := tbb
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(TBB_PATH)/lib/android/libtbb.so
LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDES := $(TBB_PATH)/include
include $(PREBUILT_SHARED_LIBRARY)
#for calling tbb from your lib:
LOCAL_CPP_FEATURES := rtti exceptions
LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES += tbb
LOCAL_CFLAGS += -DTBB_USE_GCC_BUILTINS -std=c++11
Android.mk
APP_ABI := x86
APP_STL := gnustl_shared
Application.mk
System.loadLibrary("gnustl_shared");
System.loadLibrary("tbb");
System.loadLibrary("YourLib");
Java

Intel® TBB - Download
GPLv2 with runtime exception available from
threadingbuildingblocks.org/download :
The commercial version with support is here:
software.intel.com/en-us/intel-tbb

Intel® VTune Amplifier for
Android

Intel® VTune™ Amplifier XE 2013
Performance & Power Profiler
Where is my application…
Spending Time? Wasting Time? Consuming Power?
• Focus tuning on functions
taking time
• See call stacks
• Drill to source and asm code
• See cache misses on your
source
• See functions sorted by
# of cache misses
• See Frequency and
Sleep states
• See Wakeup reasons
Advanced profiling for Android Mobile Devices

Intel® VTune™ Amplifier XE 2013
CPU Performance Analysis
• Identify Hotspots and inefficient code
• Cache Misses, Branch Mispredictions
• Drill down from Java & C/C++ to assembler code

CPU Power Analysis
Use case: Collecting data from sensor
• Continuously collecting accelerometer data
• Use power analysis to find out impact of sampling
frequency
6/5/2013
SENSOR_DELAY_FASTEST SENSOR_DELAY_NORMAL
Lowest Power
consumption
High Power
consumption

Where to Get More Info
Intel® Developer Zone (IDZ)
• Real developers sharing knowledge and
offering help
• Dedicated communities and forums
focused on your interests
• Worldwide reach
• News and insights on cutting edge
technology
Intel Android* Developer Website
• Great content you won’t find anywhere else
• Technical articles, tools, and “How-To”
guides
• Native app porting tips & case studies
• Info on x86 emulator and Intel® Hardware
Accelerated Execution Manager
• Active forums and blogs written by Intel and
community experts
www.intel.com/software/android

Android on Intel platforms : current state, near-future, future & developers offering

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