What is information; types of data; what are the sources of information; difference between information and data.

3. INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
Concept of
Information
Meaning
of IT and
its
evolution
Application
of IT
IT’s
contribution
to Indian
Development
Government
Particular
Initiatives

4. Data is any kind of fact or set of facts. Data are
values of qualitative or quantitative variables,
belonging to a set of items .
for e.g. : Words in a letter to a friend
Text and pictures in a book
Numbers in a budget
Photograph
Song

5. FORMS DATA
CAN EXIST
TEXT GRAPHICS AUDIO VIDEO

6. Words consisting of
standard alphabets
Numeric characters
Special characters

7. PHOTOGRAPHS
ILLUSTRATIONS

8.  SOUNDS
 MUSIC
 VOICES

9. LIVE VIDEO
VIDEO CLIPS

10. Information is a sequence of symbols that can be
interpreted as a message. Information can be recorded
as signs, or transmitted as signals. But when data is
interpreted and processed to determine its true meaning
, they become useful and can be called Information.

11. The number of Information Technology (IT) lectures
attended by students of section B are DATA . When
this data is processed to know the percentage of
attendance of each child , it becomes Information .
NAME
(DATA)
TOTAL NO.
OF LECTURES
(DATA)
NUMBER OF
LECTURES
ATTENDED
(DATA)
PERCENTAGE
OF
ATTENDANCE
( INFORMATION )
MEGHNA 12 12 100 %
ROHIT NIGAM 12 0 0 %
CHAITANYA 12 9 75 %
KARAN KARRA 12 4 33.33 %
TARAN SINGH 12 11 91.66 %
SAURABH 12 7 58.33 %

12. The salary details of a employees working in an
organisation are data . But when we process these
salary details to know the number of employees
earning more than 6 lac per annum, it becomes
Information.
NAME
(DATA)
SALARY
(DATA)
WHETHER EARNING
MORE THAN 6 L p.a
( INFORMATION)
KARAN GUPTA 12 LAC p.a YES
AYUSH CHUGH 5 LAC p.a NO
SAHIB SINGH 8 LAC p.a YES
RAHUL KUMAR 4 LAC p.a NO
PRASHANT GOEL 10 LAC p.a YES

14. When data is processed into a meaningful form, it
becomes information, which is again in the same
form as data.
Information is often generated to answer same
type of questions
EG. The marks obtained by students in different
subjects is data. But when we process these marks
to know the average marks obtained by students
in a particular subject, it is called information.

15. We understand information.
We explain information.
We exchange information.
We represent information in different ways.
We transfer information.
We transform information.

17. The raw data is processed by the data
processing system to generate
information. Information is the basis on
which decisions are taken. The quality
of information has a direct correlation
with the quality of decision.

18. The following table distinguishes data
from information:
DATA INFORMATION
Data are facts and figures that are
not currently being used in a
decision-making process and
usually take the form of historical
records that are recorded and
filed without any intent to retrieve
for decision-making.
Information consists of data that
have been retrieved, processed or
otherwise used for informative or
inference purpose, argument or
basis for forecasting and decision-
making.
Data are raw facts about a
business and its business
transactions.
Information is data that has been
refined and organised by
processing and human
intelligence.

21. Primary information is considered to be first
hand. It is comprised of original materials
that were created first hand.
This type of information is from the time
period involved and has not been filtered
through interpretation.

22. ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS like birth certificate, trial
transcript etc

25. Interviews
Patents
Proceedings of meetings
Survey research
Work of literature

26. It is considered as second hand information.
It is comprised of interpretations and
evaluations of primary information.
It is not an evidence, rather commentary on
and discussion of evidence.

28. Dissertations
Journal articles
Abstracts , bibliographies
Biographics