This document summarizes the key components and functions of a tractor power transmission system. The system consists of a clutch, transmission gears, differential, final drive, rear axle, and rear wheels. The clutch connects and disconnects the engine from the transmission. The transmission gears reduce the engine speed and increase torque delivered to the rear wheels using different gear ratios. The differential allows the rear wheels to rotate at different speeds during turns. The final drive further reduces speed delivered to the rear axle and wheels. Together, this system transmits power from the engine to the wheels while allowing for changes in speed and torque required for different field conditions.
2012 Toyota Tundra for Sale PA | Toyota Dealer serving Wilkes Barrescranton toyota
2012 Toyota Tundra brochure provided by Toyota of Scranton near Wilkes Barre, PA. Find the 2012 Toyota Tundra for sale in Pennsylvania. Call us at (570) 301-6175 to more about our current sales and incentive. http://www.toyotaofscranton.com
2012 Toyota Tundra For Sale CA | Toyota Dealer Near Los Angeles CountyCarson Toyota
2012 Toyota Tundra brochure provided by Carson Toyota of Marquette located near Los Angeles County. Find the 2012 Toyota Tundra for sale in California. Call us about our current sales and incentives at (888) 837-6380. http://www.carsontoyota.com
BHEL was established in 1964 in Bhopal, India as the country's first heavy electrical manufacturing plant to meet growing power demands. It is now India's largest and the world's 7th largest manufacturer of power generation equipment. BHEL has 15 manufacturing divisions, 9 service centers, and over 50,000 employees. It has supplied over 225,000 MVA of transformers and over 125,000 MW of power generation equipment. The Heavy Electrical Equipment Plant in Haridwar manufactures large components for power and industrial projects.
Manfacturing of turbo generators at BHELPrabhu Raj
This document discusses the components, operation, and testing of a 200MW turbo generator manufactured by BHEL Hyderabad. It describes the main components of the generator including the stator frame, core, and windings as well as the rotor, cooling system, and testing procedures. Key specifications of the 200MW generator are provided such as a rated output of 200MW, rated voltage of 15.75kV, and efficiency of 98.5%.
Construction and manufacturing of steam turbineHome
This document discusses the key components and operation of steam turbines. It describes the different types of steam turbines, including high pressure (HP), intermediate pressure (IP), and low pressure (LP) turbines. Each turbine section has a rotor, blades, and casing made of specialized materials. The rotor spins to extract energy from pressurized steam. Turbines are tested for overspeed balancing and equipped with governing systems to control steam flow and output.
The document discusses different types of electrical motors, including AC motors like induction motors and synchronous motors, and DC motors like shunt motors and series motors. It covers motor construction, cooling methods, load characteristics, starting methods, protection devices, and causes of motor failure. The key types of motors described are induction motors, synchronous motors, and DC motors. Methods of cooling discussed include TEFC, TETV, CACA and CACW. Bearing selection and motor protection are also summarized.
Chapter5 dek 3143 dae 32303 9 (nota tambahan)mkazree
Single-phase motors are commonly used when 3-phase power is unavailable. There are several types of single-phase induction motors that differ in their starting mechanisms, including split-phase, capacitor-start, permanent split-capacitor, capacitor-start/capacitor-run, and shaded-pole motors. These motor types are suited for different applications depending on their starting torque, running efficiency, and cost.
This document summarizes the key components and functions of a tractor power transmission system. The system consists of a clutch, transmission gears, differential, final drive, rear axle, and rear wheels. The clutch connects and disconnects the engine from the transmission. The transmission gears reduce the engine speed and increase torque delivered to the rear wheels using different gear ratios. The differential allows the rear wheels to rotate at different speeds during turns. The final drive further reduces speed delivered to the rear axle and wheels. Together, this system transmits power from the engine to the wheels while allowing for changes in speed and torque required for different field conditions.
2012 Toyota Tundra for Sale PA | Toyota Dealer serving Wilkes Barrescranton toyota
2012 Toyota Tundra brochure provided by Toyota of Scranton near Wilkes Barre, PA. Find the 2012 Toyota Tundra for sale in Pennsylvania. Call us at (570) 301-6175 to more about our current sales and incentive. http://www.toyotaofscranton.com
2012 Toyota Tundra For Sale CA | Toyota Dealer Near Los Angeles CountyCarson Toyota
2012 Toyota Tundra brochure provided by Carson Toyota of Marquette located near Los Angeles County. Find the 2012 Toyota Tundra for sale in California. Call us about our current sales and incentives at (888) 837-6380. http://www.carsontoyota.com
BHEL was established in 1964 in Bhopal, India as the country's first heavy electrical manufacturing plant to meet growing power demands. It is now India's largest and the world's 7th largest manufacturer of power generation equipment. BHEL has 15 manufacturing divisions, 9 service centers, and over 50,000 employees. It has supplied over 225,000 MVA of transformers and over 125,000 MW of power generation equipment. The Heavy Electrical Equipment Plant in Haridwar manufactures large components for power and industrial projects.
Manfacturing of turbo generators at BHELPrabhu Raj
This document discusses the components, operation, and testing of a 200MW turbo generator manufactured by BHEL Hyderabad. It describes the main components of the generator including the stator frame, core, and windings as well as the rotor, cooling system, and testing procedures. Key specifications of the 200MW generator are provided such as a rated output of 200MW, rated voltage of 15.75kV, and efficiency of 98.5%.
Construction and manufacturing of steam turbineHome
This document discusses the key components and operation of steam turbines. It describes the different types of steam turbines, including high pressure (HP), intermediate pressure (IP), and low pressure (LP) turbines. Each turbine section has a rotor, blades, and casing made of specialized materials. The rotor spins to extract energy from pressurized steam. Turbines are tested for overspeed balancing and equipped with governing systems to control steam flow and output.
The document discusses different types of electrical motors, including AC motors like induction motors and synchronous motors, and DC motors like shunt motors and series motors. It covers motor construction, cooling methods, load characteristics, starting methods, protection devices, and causes of motor failure. The key types of motors described are induction motors, synchronous motors, and DC motors. Methods of cooling discussed include TEFC, TETV, CACA and CACW. Bearing selection and motor protection are also summarized.
Chapter5 dek 3143 dae 32303 9 (nota tambahan)mkazree
Single-phase motors are commonly used when 3-phase power is unavailable. There are several types of single-phase induction motors that differ in their starting mechanisms, including split-phase, capacitor-start, permanent split-capacitor, capacitor-start/capacitor-run, and shaded-pole motors. These motor types are suited for different applications depending on their starting torque, running efficiency, and cost.
practical training report on turbogeneratorPriyank Bisht
This document provides an overview of Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) and turbo-generators. It discusses that BHEL was established in 1960s under an Indo-Soviet agreement and is now India's largest engineering and manufacturing company. It then focuses on turbo-generators, explaining that they directly connect turbines to generators to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy. The main components of a turbo-generator discussed are the stator, rotor, and excitation system.
This document summarizes a presentation given by Prakhar Mehrotra and Siddharth Raj at BHEL Haridwar on turbo generators and exciters. It provides an overview of BHEL, describing its establishment, products, and locations. It then focuses on turbo generators, describing their basic workings, types including TARI, THRI and THDF models, main parts, and excitation systems. Brush and brushless excitation systems are explained. The presentation aims to educate about turbo generators and exciters.
This document summarizes a presentation given by Prakhar Mehrotra and Siddharth Raj at BHEL Haridwar from June 1-28, 2013. It provides an overview of BHEL, the largest engineering and manufacturing company in India, and its various locations. It then describes the main units at BHEL Haridwar, including turbo generators and exciters. It proceeds to explain the basic workings of a turbo generator, its main components like the stator and rotor, and different types of generators. The document concludes with descriptions of excitation systems, including brush and brushless exciters, and the advantages of brushless excitation.
The document discusses mining equipment manufactured by Thyssen Mining Construction of Canada Ltd. It provides details on shaft jumbos, cut hole machines, drifters, feeds, and a vertical shaft mucker that the company has built. Over 300 employees work at manufacturing facilities in Northern Ontario. The company has built over 30 shaft jumbos to date for various mining projects in Canada and abroad.
This presentation provides an overview of the manufacturing process for a 500MW turbo generator. It discusses the main components of the turbo generator including the stator frame, core, and winding as well as the rotor core and winding. It also describes the excitation system, testing procedures, cooling system, and concludes with the author's experience as an intern at the manufacturing plant.
Steam turbines convert the heat and pressure energy of steam into rotational mechanical energy. They use either impulse or reaction principles. Impulse turbines use nozzles to convert steam pressure into velocity before it strikes moving blades, while reaction turbines allow continuous expansion of steam through fixed and moving blades. Modern steam turbines are highly efficient and use a combination of impulse and reaction stages to fully extract energy from steam. They are important for generating electrical power.
Ducati has developed the first motorcycle engine with variable timing for both intake and exhaust camshafts, called the Testastretta DVT. It uses a new Desmodromic Variable Timing system to continuously adjust valve timing on both camshafts to optimize performance throughout the rpm range. This results in high power at high rpm as well as smooth power delivery, strong low-rpm torque, reduced fuel consumption, and compliance with Euro 4 emissions standards.
Hyster d010 (s30 xm) forklift service repair manualudjjsjkkddkmme
The document provides an overview of the components and operation of a single-speed powershift transmission, including:
1) The transmission contains forward and reverse clutch assemblies, a torque converter, transmission pump, control valve, and differential assembly to transfer power from the engine to the wheels.
2) The torque converter uses fluid to hydraulically connect the engine to the transmission without a direct mechanical connection. It can multiply engine torque under heavy loads.
3) The forward and reverse clutch assemblies use hydraulic pressure to engage one clutch, transmitting power from the input shaft to either the forward or reverse gears and output pinion.
The Design of Small Solar Thermal Dish Stirling 500 W Stand Alone in Thailand.Jack Wong
This document summarizes the design of a small 500W solar thermal dish Stirling system for use in Thailand. Key aspects include:
1. Thailand has average daily solar insolation of 550W/m2, requiring the system to be designed to operate at lower insolation levels than existing 1000W/m2 systems.
2. The design includes a 2.5m diameter parabolic dish, 4-cylinder gamma type Stirling engine with rotary drive mechanism and regenerator, able to produce 550W of power.
3. Testing of a prototype was conducted at AREF in Bangkok, showing it could produce 550W of power at an operating temperature of 650C and speed of 1200rpm when
1. The document analyzes the failure of internal splines in the torsion shaft of a Garrett-5 engine due to continuous variable loading.
2. Two test pieces of the torsion shaft material were heat treated at different temperatures and liquid nitrided to increase hardness. One was treated at 540°C and the other at 580°C.
3. Analysis found that increasing the liquid nitriding duration from 1 hour to 1.5 hours and aging at 540°C, with liquid nitriding at 580°C, achieved the desired result of increasing the torsion shaft life to the required 3820 hours, avoiding premature failure.
Failure Mode Analysis Of Torsion Shaft In Garrett-5 Engine Using Two Test PiecesIJERA Editor
This work deals with “Failure Analysis of Internal splines in Torsion Shaft” of “TPE 331-5-252D - GARRET ENGINE” which is used in Dornier aircraft. Garret Engine is a type of air breathing engine. It comes under the category of Turboprop engines of Gas turbine engine. As separate shafts are used for propeller and turbine, this aids them to rotate at different RPM. A torsion shaft is used to transmit the torque from main shaft to propeller shaft. Torsion shaft is used to give a deflection which is also used to measure the torque of the engine. This torsion shaft is internally connected with the main power transmission shaft and its other end is coupled to a coupler shaft with engagement of its internal splines to the external splines of coupler shaft. Further this coupler connects to the gearing system and transmits power to the propeller shaft. Due to Continues variable load over internal splines, it is subjected to high rate of wear and tear. This problem can be rectified by Failure Mode Analysis Method, in which heat treatment process of torsion shaft is being carried out. Two test pieces are heat treated separately at different temperatures of 5800C and 5400C at variable time durations. Tuffriding which is a Liquid nitriding process is done with this two test pieces and results are analyzed. The hardness of the material is increased to desired values and its life time is also increased which overcomes the problem.
This document provides an overview of a knowledge sharing program on generator basics, excitation, protection systems, and overhauling and maintenance. The program is presented by a team of subject matter experts and is mentored by Nimai Mahapatra. The program covers topics such as generator working principles, classification, construction, excitation systems, protection systems, and overhauling testing. It also includes sections on generator basics and design aspects, synchronization, and operation.
This document discusses the design and workings of turbochargers. It describes how a turbocharger uses exhaust gases to power a turbine, which spins a shaft connected to the compressor to force more air into the engine. This allows more fuel to be burned, increasing an engine's power without increasing its size. Specific parts of the turbocharger like the turbine, compressor, and wastegate are detailed. An example of an SJ44 turbocharger is provided along with efficiency calculations and references.
This document compares screw compressor and centrifugal compressor options for a chlorine gas compressor. Centrifugal compressors generally have higher efficiencies but lower turndown capability compared to screw compressors. For this application, a centrifugal compressor could provide annual electricity savings of $147,000 due to its lower power requirement. However, screw compressors are better suited if large swings in gas composition are expected, as centrifugal performance is more sensitive to changes in gas properties. Maintenance is easier for options with vertically-split casings. The document provides detailed technical considerations and specifications from multiple compressor vendors for each compressor type.
This document provides information on designing generators and their performance. It discusses:
1) The key parameters considered in generator design including voltage, power rating, cooling type, and magnetic properties. Electromagnetic and thermal calculations are done to optimize efficiency.
2) Generator performance curves show operating limits for things like overload, temperature, and voltage/frequency variations. These are used to set protection relay thresholds.
3) Generators are classified by their drive type (gas turbine, steam turbine), speed (high, medium), and cooling method (air, hydrogen, water). Design and construction vary accordingly.
The document discusses the Stirling engine as a pollution-less alternative to traditional internal combustion engines. It provides background on the Stirling engine, explaining that it uses a sealed gas chamber and external heat source to power pistons through expansion and contraction of the gas, without combustion or exhaust. The key parts and operating cycle of the Stirling engine are described. Advantages include silence, high efficiency, ability to use various fuel sources, and lack of emissions. Recent applications discussed include Stirling thermal motors and four-piston wobble-yoke machines.
In this slide given description about different Type of Single phase induction Motor.
i.e.Capacitor start motor
Permanent capacitor motor
Capacitor start capacitor run motor
The document discusses different types of single-phase induction motors, including split phase, shaded pole, capacitor start, and universal motors. It provides details on how each type of motor works, such as how split phase motors use a start and run winding to generate a phase shift for starting torque. Capacitor start motors are also described as having high starting torque and good speed regulation. Universal motors are noted as being able to run on both AC and DC power.
El Tractor Topador de Ruedas 844 se ha diseñado para usar en trabajos exigentes de explanación, es el más grande de la gama de tractores de ruedas Caterpillar y es ideal para trabajar en aplicaciones grandes de minera, generación de corriente eléctrica,la industria de construcción general y donde quiera que se necesiten movilidad y explanación a gran volumen.
Brochure, Folleto,Specalog, oroscocatt, oroscocat
1. The document discusses steam turbines, including their basic definition and classification as either impulse or reaction turbines. It describes the key components and operating principles of each type.
2. Compounding is discussed as a way to reduce the extremely high rotational speeds of impulse turbines by expanding steam in multiple stages. The three main types of compounding are described.
3. The document outlines some of the main advantages of steam turbines, including their higher thermal efficiency compared to steam engines. Uniform power output and lack of initial condensation losses are also cited as advantages.
1) Rolling mills require motors that can produce heavy torque at low RPM to roll metal ingots into blooms or slabs. DC motors are well-suited as they can provide high starting torque and wide speed variation.
2) Paper mill drives need variable speed control of multiple rolls. Synchronous motors connected via a Schrage motor allow independent yet coordinated speed control.
3) Marine drives utilize electric propulsion motors like induction or synchronous types to independently power propellers via alternators, providing flexibility and economical operation.
1) Rolling mills require motors that can produce heavy torque at low RPM to roll metal ingots into blooms or slabs. DC motors are well-suited as they can provide high starting torque and wide speed variation.
2) Paper mill drives need variable speed control of multiple rolls. Synchronous motors connected via a Schrage motor allow independent yet coordinated speed control.
3) Marine drives utilize electric propulsion motors like induction or synchronous types to independently power propellers via alternators, providing flexibility and economical operation.
practical training report on turbogeneratorPriyank Bisht
This document provides an overview of Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) and turbo-generators. It discusses that BHEL was established in 1960s under an Indo-Soviet agreement and is now India's largest engineering and manufacturing company. It then focuses on turbo-generators, explaining that they directly connect turbines to generators to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy. The main components of a turbo-generator discussed are the stator, rotor, and excitation system.
This document summarizes a presentation given by Prakhar Mehrotra and Siddharth Raj at BHEL Haridwar on turbo generators and exciters. It provides an overview of BHEL, describing its establishment, products, and locations. It then focuses on turbo generators, describing their basic workings, types including TARI, THRI and THDF models, main parts, and excitation systems. Brush and brushless excitation systems are explained. The presentation aims to educate about turbo generators and exciters.
This document summarizes a presentation given by Prakhar Mehrotra and Siddharth Raj at BHEL Haridwar from June 1-28, 2013. It provides an overview of BHEL, the largest engineering and manufacturing company in India, and its various locations. It then describes the main units at BHEL Haridwar, including turbo generators and exciters. It proceeds to explain the basic workings of a turbo generator, its main components like the stator and rotor, and different types of generators. The document concludes with descriptions of excitation systems, including brush and brushless exciters, and the advantages of brushless excitation.
The document discusses mining equipment manufactured by Thyssen Mining Construction of Canada Ltd. It provides details on shaft jumbos, cut hole machines, drifters, feeds, and a vertical shaft mucker that the company has built. Over 300 employees work at manufacturing facilities in Northern Ontario. The company has built over 30 shaft jumbos to date for various mining projects in Canada and abroad.
This presentation provides an overview of the manufacturing process for a 500MW turbo generator. It discusses the main components of the turbo generator including the stator frame, core, and winding as well as the rotor core and winding. It also describes the excitation system, testing procedures, cooling system, and concludes with the author's experience as an intern at the manufacturing plant.
Steam turbines convert the heat and pressure energy of steam into rotational mechanical energy. They use either impulse or reaction principles. Impulse turbines use nozzles to convert steam pressure into velocity before it strikes moving blades, while reaction turbines allow continuous expansion of steam through fixed and moving blades. Modern steam turbines are highly efficient and use a combination of impulse and reaction stages to fully extract energy from steam. They are important for generating electrical power.
Ducati has developed the first motorcycle engine with variable timing for both intake and exhaust camshafts, called the Testastretta DVT. It uses a new Desmodromic Variable Timing system to continuously adjust valve timing on both camshafts to optimize performance throughout the rpm range. This results in high power at high rpm as well as smooth power delivery, strong low-rpm torque, reduced fuel consumption, and compliance with Euro 4 emissions standards.
Hyster d010 (s30 xm) forklift service repair manualudjjsjkkddkmme
The document provides an overview of the components and operation of a single-speed powershift transmission, including:
1) The transmission contains forward and reverse clutch assemblies, a torque converter, transmission pump, control valve, and differential assembly to transfer power from the engine to the wheels.
2) The torque converter uses fluid to hydraulically connect the engine to the transmission without a direct mechanical connection. It can multiply engine torque under heavy loads.
3) The forward and reverse clutch assemblies use hydraulic pressure to engage one clutch, transmitting power from the input shaft to either the forward or reverse gears and output pinion.
The Design of Small Solar Thermal Dish Stirling 500 W Stand Alone in Thailand.Jack Wong
This document summarizes the design of a small 500W solar thermal dish Stirling system for use in Thailand. Key aspects include:
1. Thailand has average daily solar insolation of 550W/m2, requiring the system to be designed to operate at lower insolation levels than existing 1000W/m2 systems.
2. The design includes a 2.5m diameter parabolic dish, 4-cylinder gamma type Stirling engine with rotary drive mechanism and regenerator, able to produce 550W of power.
3. Testing of a prototype was conducted at AREF in Bangkok, showing it could produce 550W of power at an operating temperature of 650C and speed of 1200rpm when
1. The document analyzes the failure of internal splines in the torsion shaft of a Garrett-5 engine due to continuous variable loading.
2. Two test pieces of the torsion shaft material were heat treated at different temperatures and liquid nitrided to increase hardness. One was treated at 540°C and the other at 580°C.
3. Analysis found that increasing the liquid nitriding duration from 1 hour to 1.5 hours and aging at 540°C, with liquid nitriding at 580°C, achieved the desired result of increasing the torsion shaft life to the required 3820 hours, avoiding premature failure.
Failure Mode Analysis Of Torsion Shaft In Garrett-5 Engine Using Two Test PiecesIJERA Editor
This work deals with “Failure Analysis of Internal splines in Torsion Shaft” of “TPE 331-5-252D - GARRET ENGINE” which is used in Dornier aircraft. Garret Engine is a type of air breathing engine. It comes under the category of Turboprop engines of Gas turbine engine. As separate shafts are used for propeller and turbine, this aids them to rotate at different RPM. A torsion shaft is used to transmit the torque from main shaft to propeller shaft. Torsion shaft is used to give a deflection which is also used to measure the torque of the engine. This torsion shaft is internally connected with the main power transmission shaft and its other end is coupled to a coupler shaft with engagement of its internal splines to the external splines of coupler shaft. Further this coupler connects to the gearing system and transmits power to the propeller shaft. Due to Continues variable load over internal splines, it is subjected to high rate of wear and tear. This problem can be rectified by Failure Mode Analysis Method, in which heat treatment process of torsion shaft is being carried out. Two test pieces are heat treated separately at different temperatures of 5800C and 5400C at variable time durations. Tuffriding which is a Liquid nitriding process is done with this two test pieces and results are analyzed. The hardness of the material is increased to desired values and its life time is also increased which overcomes the problem.
This document provides an overview of a knowledge sharing program on generator basics, excitation, protection systems, and overhauling and maintenance. The program is presented by a team of subject matter experts and is mentored by Nimai Mahapatra. The program covers topics such as generator working principles, classification, construction, excitation systems, protection systems, and overhauling testing. It also includes sections on generator basics and design aspects, synchronization, and operation.
This document discusses the design and workings of turbochargers. It describes how a turbocharger uses exhaust gases to power a turbine, which spins a shaft connected to the compressor to force more air into the engine. This allows more fuel to be burned, increasing an engine's power without increasing its size. Specific parts of the turbocharger like the turbine, compressor, and wastegate are detailed. An example of an SJ44 turbocharger is provided along with efficiency calculations and references.
This document compares screw compressor and centrifugal compressor options for a chlorine gas compressor. Centrifugal compressors generally have higher efficiencies but lower turndown capability compared to screw compressors. For this application, a centrifugal compressor could provide annual electricity savings of $147,000 due to its lower power requirement. However, screw compressors are better suited if large swings in gas composition are expected, as centrifugal performance is more sensitive to changes in gas properties. Maintenance is easier for options with vertically-split casings. The document provides detailed technical considerations and specifications from multiple compressor vendors for each compressor type.
This document provides information on designing generators and their performance. It discusses:
1) The key parameters considered in generator design including voltage, power rating, cooling type, and magnetic properties. Electromagnetic and thermal calculations are done to optimize efficiency.
2) Generator performance curves show operating limits for things like overload, temperature, and voltage/frequency variations. These are used to set protection relay thresholds.
3) Generators are classified by their drive type (gas turbine, steam turbine), speed (high, medium), and cooling method (air, hydrogen, water). Design and construction vary accordingly.
The document discusses the Stirling engine as a pollution-less alternative to traditional internal combustion engines. It provides background on the Stirling engine, explaining that it uses a sealed gas chamber and external heat source to power pistons through expansion and contraction of the gas, without combustion or exhaust. The key parts and operating cycle of the Stirling engine are described. Advantages include silence, high efficiency, ability to use various fuel sources, and lack of emissions. Recent applications discussed include Stirling thermal motors and four-piston wobble-yoke machines.
In this slide given description about different Type of Single phase induction Motor.
i.e.Capacitor start motor
Permanent capacitor motor
Capacitor start capacitor run motor
The document discusses different types of single-phase induction motors, including split phase, shaded pole, capacitor start, and universal motors. It provides details on how each type of motor works, such as how split phase motors use a start and run winding to generate a phase shift for starting torque. Capacitor start motors are also described as having high starting torque and good speed regulation. Universal motors are noted as being able to run on both AC and DC power.
El Tractor Topador de Ruedas 844 se ha diseñado para usar en trabajos exigentes de explanación, es el más grande de la gama de tractores de ruedas Caterpillar y es ideal para trabajar en aplicaciones grandes de minera, generación de corriente eléctrica,la industria de construcción general y donde quiera que se necesiten movilidad y explanación a gran volumen.
Brochure, Folleto,Specalog, oroscocatt, oroscocat
1. The document discusses steam turbines, including their basic definition and classification as either impulse or reaction turbines. It describes the key components and operating principles of each type.
2. Compounding is discussed as a way to reduce the extremely high rotational speeds of impulse turbines by expanding steam in multiple stages. The three main types of compounding are described.
3. The document outlines some of the main advantages of steam turbines, including their higher thermal efficiency compared to steam engines. Uniform power output and lack of initial condensation losses are also cited as advantages.
1) Rolling mills require motors that can produce heavy torque at low RPM to roll metal ingots into blooms or slabs. DC motors are well-suited as they can provide high starting torque and wide speed variation.
2) Paper mill drives need variable speed control of multiple rolls. Synchronous motors connected via a Schrage motor allow independent yet coordinated speed control.
3) Marine drives utilize electric propulsion motors like induction or synchronous types to independently power propellers via alternators, providing flexibility and economical operation.
1) Rolling mills require motors that can produce heavy torque at low RPM to roll metal ingots into blooms or slabs. DC motors are well-suited as they can provide high starting torque and wide speed variation.
2) Paper mill drives need variable speed control of multiple rolls. Synchronous motors connected via a Schrage motor allow independent yet coordinated speed control.
3) Marine drives utilize electric propulsion motors like induction or synchronous types to independently power propellers via alternators, providing flexibility and economical operation.
Design of Solar Thermal Dish Stirling 500 wJack Wong
The document discusses a solar dish Stirling engine designed to operate under medium insolation conditions in Thailand, which ranges from 450 to 550 W/m2 daily. It describes the rotary drive mechanism as having lower friction than other options like gear drives. Key specifications of the engine are provided, including a thermal efficiency of 60%, mechanical efficiency of 31%, four cylinders with a power displacement of 72 x 4 cc, and an ability to generate 215W at 20 psi or 550W at 80 psi. The rotary drive mechanism is assessed as having fewer parts and lower vibration than alternatives.
Design and Analysis of Drive System with Slip Ring Induction Motor for Electr...IJPEDS-IAES
The use of Squirrel Cage Motor for Traction has revolutionised the motive power of a Locomotive. The Asynchronous Motor is rugged, has high starting Torque, very smooth Voltage and Speed control as compared to a DC Series Motor. When looking at the Traction perspective, a Wound Rotor Induction Motor can be an alternative to the Squirrel Cage Motor as it has higher starting Torque at lower starting current and better efficiency than a Squirrel Cage Motor. The Slip Power Recovery scheme also plays a proactive role as there can be substantial savings of energy in case of a Wound Rotor Induction Motor as the Slip Power recovered can be used to drive the Auxiliary Loads of the Locomotive and also for powering the trailing Passenger Cars. A detailed design and analysis of a Drive System with Wound Rotor Induction Motor for Electric Traction is presented in this Research Paper.
The single-phase induction motor uses two windings arranged perpendicularly on an iron core stator - a main winding and an auxiliary starting winding. It requires a mechanism to generate a rotating magnetic field to start, such as a capacitor, resistance, or secondary winding with phase shift. Common starting methods are split-phase, capacitor-start, and shaded-pole. Split-phase uses an auxiliary winding with phase shift. Capacitor-start uses a capacitor in series with the auxiliary winding. Shaded-pole uses shaded bands to generate phase shift. Applications depend on starting torque requirements.
IRJET- Flywheel Power Generation and MultiplicationIRJET Journal
This document describes a flywheel power generation technology that uses a large gear-flywheel to store rotational energy and multiply power output. A 67-ton, 12-meter diameter flywheel is rotated at 800 rpm by a 350 kW motor. Pinion gears attached around the flywheel's perimeter increase its rpm to 1800, which rotates a 750 kW permanent magnet generator to produce electricity. The flywheel stores energy based on its mass distribution and large diameter, allowing continuous power generation without stopping as the stored rotational energy is transferred to the generator. Experiments showed that an 11-ton, 2-meter flywheel could rotate a generator for over 30 minutes after the motor was disconnected, demonstrating the technology's ability to provide sustained power generation.
The document summarizes the history, working principle, configurations, types, Stirling cycle, advantages, disadvantages, and applications of the Stirling engine. It was invented in 1816 by Robert Stirling as an alternative to steam engines to avoid explosions. It operates outside combustion and uses the temperature difference between a hot and cold side to push and pull a piston. Common configurations include alpha, beta, and gamma types. Advantages include high efficiency, diverse heat sources, low emissions, and maintenance-free operation. Disadvantages include cost and sealing issues. Practical applications include waste heat recovery, solar power, and marine engines.
The document provides information about the design and fabrication of a Stirling engine. It discusses that a Stirling engine operates through the cyclic compression and expansion of air or other gas. It also mentions that the inclusion of a regenerator is what differentiates a Stirling engine from other closed cycle hot air engines. Originally conceived in 1816, its practical use was largely confined to low-power domestic applications for over a century.
Similar to The Comparison for Different Type of Drive Mechanism for Small Solar Stirling Engine 500 W in Thailand. (20)
This document summarizes the development of a new solar powered water wheel aerator model, the Chaipattana RX-2-3. The original RX-2-2 model required a 2HP induction motor that was difficult to power with solar cells. The new RX-2-3 model uses a 150W universal motor that can be powered by a single 300W solar panel connected to a DC-DC converter. A new controller was also developed that can operate on input voltages from 100VDC to 55VDC from the solar panel. Simulation and testing showed the new solar powered system can operate for at least 8 hours and has higher oxygen transfer efficiencies than the original model.
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationZilliz
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/building-and-scaling-ai-applications-with-the-nx-ai-manager-a-presentation-from-network-optix/
Robin van Emden, Senior Director of Data Science at Network Optix, presents the “Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
In this presentation, van Emden covers the basics of scaling edge AI solutions using the Nx tool kit. He emphasizes the process of developing AI models and deploying them globally. He also showcases the conversion of AI models and the creation of effective edge AI pipelines, with a focus on pre-processing, model conversion, selecting the appropriate inference engine for the target hardware and post-processing.
van Emden shows how Nx can simplify the developer’s life and facilitate a rapid transition from concept to production-ready applications.He provides valuable insights into developing scalable and efficient edge AI solutions, with a strong focus on practical implementation.
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?Speck&Tech
ABSTRACT: A prima vista, un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ potrebbero avere in comune il fatto di essere entrambi blocchi di costruzione, o dipendenze di progetti creativi e software. La realtà è che un mattoncino Lego e il caso della backdoor XZ hanno molto di più di tutto ciò in comune.
Partecipate alla presentazione per immergervi in una storia di interoperabilità, standard e formati aperti, per poi discutere del ruolo importante che i contributori hanno in una comunità open source sostenibile.
BIO: Sostenitrice del software libero e dei formati standard e aperti. È stata un membro attivo dei progetti Fedora e openSUSE e ha co-fondato l'Associazione LibreItalia dove è stata coinvolta in diversi eventi, migrazioni e formazione relativi a LibreOffice. In precedenza ha lavorato a migrazioni e corsi di formazione su LibreOffice per diverse amministrazioni pubbliche e privati. Da gennaio 2020 lavora in SUSE come Software Release Engineer per Uyuni e SUSE Manager e quando non segue la sua passione per i computer e per Geeko coltiva la sua curiosità per l'astronomia (da cui deriva il suo nickname deneb_alpha).
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup SlidesZilliz
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
Best 20 SEO Techniques To Improve Website Visibility In SERPPixlogix Infotech
Boost your website's visibility with proven SEO techniques! Our latest blog dives into essential strategies to enhance your online presence, increase traffic, and rank higher on search engines. From keyword optimization to quality content creation, learn how to make your site stand out in the crowded digital landscape. Discover actionable tips and expert insights to elevate your SEO game.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024Neo4j
Neha Bajwa, Vice President of Product Marketing, Neo4j
Join us as we explore breakthrough innovations enabled by interconnected data and AI. Discover firsthand how organizations use relationships in data to uncover contextual insights and solve our most pressing challenges – from optimizing supply chains, detecting fraud, and improving customer experiences to accelerating drug discoveries.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 5. In this session, we will cover CI/CD with devops.
Topics covered:
CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
Speaker:
Lyndsey Byblow, Test Suite Sales Engineer @ UiPath, Inc.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
“An Outlook of the Ongoing and Future Relationship between Blockchain Technologies and Process-aware Information Systems.” Invited talk at the joint workshop on Blockchain for Information Systems (BC4IS) and Blockchain for Trusted Data Sharing (B4TDS), co-located with with the 36th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE), 3 June 2024, Limassol, Cyprus.
2. Table 1 Engine Specification bearing system. The rotation, Clock-wise or counter
Type Gamma clock-wise, can be done by adjust a little phase angle,
Acting Double positive or negative, different.
Working Gas Air
Max. Expansion space gas 650 C (+/- 5 C) 2.2 Swash Plate Type 1 Drive Mechanisms
temp The four pistons gamma type Stirling engine, are
Compression space gas temp 40 – 50 C (+/- 5 daisy chained together with Whisper Tech
C) Technology, Swash Plate, Figure 2. [2] This is done by
Ambient Temperature 40 C (+/-5 C) driving the displacer via linear drive rods which are
Thermal Efficiency 60 % attached to the top of power pistons. The rods pass
Power Control Variable Pressure through a sealed bulkhead and the displacer cylinders
No. of Cylinders 4 are ported to power piston cylinders that are phased
Means Pressure 0.5 MPa behind them 90°. This allows an engine that only
requires one crank through per piston where other
Maximum Pressure 1 Mpa
Stirling engine requires two.
Bore, mm. 48
This engine was replace bronze bushing sealed
Stroke, mm. 40 bulkhead as guide bearing with rubber seal, and
Engine Displacement, cc. 72 x 4 replace the Mitter gear with Whisper Tech
Speed, rpm 500 - 1200 Technology, Swash Plate. This could call Positive
Cooling type Ethyl glycol Swash plate. It also added more bearing and universal
Mechanical Output Power 215 W @ 20 psi joint. The rotation, Clock-wise or counter clock-wise,
Mechanical Output Power 550 W @ 60 psi can be done by adjust a little phase angle, positive or
Heat Source, Electric Heater 700 W x 4 negative, different.
Source : By Author
2. Drive mechanism
2.1 Gear Drive Mechanisms
Figure 2 Swash Plate Type 1
Souce : By Author
Figure 1 Gear Drive Mechanism
Source : By author 2.3 Swash Plate Type 2 Drive Mechanisms
The four pistons gamma type Stirling engine, are
The four pistons gamma type Stirling engine, are daisy chained together with Rotary Air Compressor
daisy chained together with Mitter gear, Figure 1. This Swash Plate, Figure 3. [3] This is done by driving the
is done by driving the displacer via linear drive rods displacer via linear drive rods which are attached to the
which are attached to the top of power pistons. The top of power pistons. The rods pass through a sealed
rods pass through a sealed bulkhead and the displacer bulkhead and the displacer cylinders are ported to
cylinders are ported to power piston cylinders that are power piston cylinders that are phased behind them
phased behind them 90°. This allows an engine that 90°. This allows an engine that only requires one crank
only requires one crank through per piston where other through per piston where other Stirling engine requires
Stirling engine requires two. two.
This engine still has the same bronze bush sealed The ideal of this engine mechanism was come
bulkhead as original designed. But at the Mitter gear from Rotary Air condition. The bronze bushing sealed
instead using of bronze bushing it was changed to bulkhead was replaced with guide bearing with rubber
2
3. seal, and replace the Mitter gear with Rotary Drum. Table 2 Performance
This could call Negative Swash plate. It also added Gear Drive, Figure 4
more bearing and universal joint. The rotation, Clock- Friction @ 1800 RPM (W) 8.9
wise or counter clock-wise, can be done by adjust a Cost USD 950.00
little phase angle, positive or negative, different. Mean Time Between Fail (hrs) 2,500
How to make Easy
Maintenance Time (hrs) 150
Torque (N-m) 8
Carnot Eff. % 60
Thermal Eff. % 28
Mechanical Eff. % 44
Easy to start (Count as 10) 7
Swash Plate Drive Type I, Figure 5
Friction @ 1800 RPM (W) 7.6
Cost USD 1500.00
Mean Time Between Fail (hrs) 15,000
How to make Accurate
Maintenance Time (hrs) 2,500
Torque (N-m) 9.8
Carnot Eff. % 60
Thermal Eff. % 29
Mechanical Eff. % 56
Easy to start (Count as 10) 8
Figure 3 Swash Plate Type 2 (Rotary)
Souce : By Author Swash Plate Drive Type II, Figure 6
Friction @ 1800 RPM (W) 6.1
3. How to test Cost USD 1280.00
Friction test, Use DC motor, Minertia Encoder Mean Time Between Fail (hrs) 18,000
Motor 200 W torque 3.5 N-m, direct connects to the How to make Very Accurate
shaft of the Stirling engine without load and Power Maintenance Time (hrs) 3,500
piston connected. Supply the motor with DC power, Torque (N-m) 10.2
measure volt and current every 100 RPM until reach to Carnot Eff. % 60
maximum 1,800 RPM. Stop measurement. Thermal Eff. % 30
Connect Power piston, Displacer Cylinder, Mechanical Eff. % 58
Connecting rof, all other components. Release pressure Easy to start (Count as 10) 9
value of Stirling engine to atmospheric pressure. Source : By Author
Supply the motor with DC power, measure volt and
current every 100 RPM until reach to maximum 1,800
RPM. Stop measurement. Gear Drive Friction Test
Power test, connect Stirling Engine with Torque 12
indicator. Supply AC volt to Electric Heater, supply
10
Air up to 0.5 MPa measure Torque, Temperature,
Power. 8
4. Results 6
Table 2 shown the performance of each type of V
4 A
mechanism, Gear Drive, Swash Plate Type I, Swash
W
plate Type II. This performance from the experiment at 2
AREF laboratory, Bangkok, Thailand.
0
500 700 900 1100 1300 1500 1700 1900
RPM
Figure 4 Daisy Chain Gear Drive Mechanism, Friction
Test
Source : By Author
3
4. accurate workmanship to make but it operates quite.
Swash Plate Friction Test
As the parts are precision it helps the maintenance time
12
increase up to 15,000 hrs.
10
As the weight of swash plate is in balance so it
creates less vibration. This type of Drive Mechanism
8 had lot of parts and complicates to make. The cost to
make this system is quite high. The friction is about
6 7.6 W. The engine torque 9.8 N-m is quite good.
Carnot efficiency is 60 %. Thermal Efficiency is 29 %
4 V and Mechanical Efficiency is 56 %. The friction test
A shown as Figure 5.
2 W The Swash Plate Drive Mechanism Type 2
(Rotary Drive), all piston rods install with guide
- bearing on both side to reduce the friction. This type of
500 700 900 1100 1300 1500 1700 1900
Mechanism needs very accurate workmanship to
make. It is very quite during the operation. The Stirling
Figure 5 Daisy Chain Wisper Tech Swash Plate, engine can be rotate clockwise or counter clockwise by
Friction Test adjust a little phase angle, positive or negative,
Source : By Author different. The maintenance time are high, 18,000 hrs.
As the weight of Rotary drum is in balance so this
Rotary Drive Friction Test type of mechanism create much lower vibration than
other system. This type of Drive Mechanism has fewer
12
parts than Daisy Chain Gear Drive but complicate to
10 make. The cost of the system is medium high. The
friction is about 6.1 W. The engine torque 10.2 N-m is
V quite good. Carnot efficiency is 60 %. Thermal
8
A Efficiency is 30 % and Mechanical Efficiency is 58 %.
6 W The friction test shown as Figure 6.
The Swash Plate Drive Type I (Whisper Tech) can
4 be improved mechanical efficiency 27 % from Gear
Drive Mechanism. The Swash Plate Drive Type II
2
(Negative Rotary) can be improved mechanical
- efficiency 31 %.
500 700 900 1100 1300 1500 1700 1900 Some modification may improve better efficiency,
such as weight of linkage arm, weight of piston, type
Figure 6 Daisy Chain Rotary, Friction Test of piston seal.
Source : By Author Friction of Stirling engine may not have direct
effect to the insolation, but if the Stirling engine has
5. Conclusions less friction, Stirling engine will require less power to
overcome the friction. This will gain the performance
All three Daisy Drive Mechanisms work well in of the Stirling engine up. Thus, with medium
the test bench. All Stirling engine can be rotate Clock- insolation as Thailand, average 550 W/m2 daily,
wise or counter clock-wise by adjust a little phase Stirling engine could perform better.
angle, positive or negative, different.
The Gear Drive Mechanism is easy to make but ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
very noisy during the operation. As the weight of gear This research was prepared by Mr. Suravut
not easy to balance so this type of mechanism can SNIDVONGS, Vice President, Asian Renewable
create a lot of vibration. This type of Mechanism is the Energy Development and Promotion Foundation, EIT
cheapest one to make. The maintenance time too low, member, a PhD Student, School of Renewable Energy
150 hrs as the screw holding the bearing, and axial Technology, Naraesuan University, Pitsanulok,
shaft always loose from vibration. The friction is Thailand. The author would like to acknowledge the
about 8.9 W. The engine torque 8 N-m is quite good. assistance and guidance of Asian Renewable Energy
Carnot efficiency is 60 %. Thermal Efficiency is 28 % Development and Promotion Foundation Dr. Sub.Lt.
and Mechanical Efficiency is 44 %. The friction test Prapas Limpabandhu Deputy Minister of Foreign
shown as Figure 4. Affair, Mr. Sutas AROONPAIROJ and staffs, the
All piston rod of Swash Plate Drive Mechanism Engineering Institute of Thailand members who
was installed with guide bearing on both sides to provided a critical review of this research through its
reduce friction. This type of Mechanism needs various stages, including Asist. Prof. Dr. Sirinuch,
4
5. Chindaruksa, Physic Department, Faculty of Science
Naraesuan University, as Advisor, Dr. Vichit,
Yamboonrung, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Wattanapong
Rakwichien, Asist. Prof. Dr. Mathanee
Sanugansermsri, as Co-Advisor and the Naraesuan
University Staffs, Pitsanulok, Thailand. Especially the
Don Bosco Technical School staffs for their
fabrication and construction work on the prototype.
Finally, the author would like to thank the numerous
industries to provide information for this research.
References
[1]. The Stirling Steele engine, Ronald J. Steele, 1994.
[2]. Development of Stirling Engine Generator,
Whisper Tech, 2006
[3]. Mitsubishi Air-condition Swash Plate, Rotary
compressor, 2004.
5