A brief and concise presentation about the early faces of Man during the early times. A historical presentation about the discoveries and excavations of the early hominids.
This slide share shares the almost unnoticed part of our profession the wild life: the primates.Its a little attempt to lighten up our mates ' The Primates' hidden behind the shadow of negligence. Sakina Rubab, DVM.
The Living primates is a presentation about the development of primates as the origin of human race. their categories, classifications, what are they alike that has distinctive human characteristics.
This slide share shares the almost unnoticed part of our profession the wild life: the primates.Its a little attempt to lighten up our mates ' The Primates' hidden behind the shadow of negligence. Sakina Rubab, DVM.
The Living primates is a presentation about the development of primates as the origin of human race. their categories, classifications, what are they alike that has distinctive human characteristics.
CHAPTER 9The Earliest Dispersal of the Genus Homo Homo .docxmccormicknadine86
CHAPTER 9
The Earliest Dispersal of the Genus Homo:
Homo erectus and Contemporaries
First Dispersal of the Hominins
• Close to 2 million years ago, hominins expanded out of Africa into other areas
of the Old World.
• Early hominin fossils have never been discovered out of Africa, leading
researchers to believe that the early hominins were isolated there for 5 million
years.
• After 2 mya, there’s less diversity in these hominins than in their pre-
australopith and australopith predecessors.
• There is some variation among the different geographical groups of these
hominins, and anthropologists still debate how to classify them.
• There is universal agreement that the hominins found outside of Africa are
members of genus Homo.
Homo erectus
• The first hominin to expand into new regions of the Old
World.
• Homo erectus is the hominin species for which there is the
most evidence.
• As a species, H. erectus existed over 1 million years.
• More evolved behavioral/cultural practices and larger more
derived bodies aided their success
• East African finds have been dated to 1.7 m.y.a.
Lumping vs Splitting
• Depending on preference researchers tend to want to
group individual fossil finds together into species
(lumping) or split a genus into as many identifiable
species as possible (spliting)
• Some researchers split Homo erectus into two species
• African fossils into Homo ergaster.
• Asian fossils into Homo erectus
• Analyses show that H. erectus/ergaster are a closely
related species and possibly geographical varieties of a
single species
Morphology of Homo erectus
• There was much varition in the individual groups that are
included in H. erectus, but they share a set of features:
Body Size
• Adult weight >100 lbs, average adult height of ca. 5 feet 6
inches
• Sexually dimorphic, weight and height varied according to
sex
• Increased robusticity (heavily built body) that dominated
hominin evolution until anatomically modern H. sapiens
Brain Size
• Cranial capacities 700 cm3 to 1250 cm3
• Brain size closely linked with overall body size
• H. erectus is larger-bodied than early Homo sample
but relative brain size is about the same
• Relative brain size of H. erectus is considerably
less encephalized than later members of genus
Homo
Cranial Shape
• Thick cranial bone, large brow ridges (supraorbital tori), and projecting
nuchal torus
• A projection of bone in the back of the cranium where neck muscles attach;
used to hold up the head.
• Braincase long and low, with little forehead development
• Cranium wider at base, compared with earlier and later species
• Sagittal keel, a small ridge from front to back along the sagittal suture
African Origin of H. erectus
• African origin supported by evidence of:
1. Earlier hominins prior to the appearance of H. erectus occurring in
Africa.
2. 1.7 mya fossils at East Turkana, in Kenya, where australopiths have
also ...
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
2. Origins and Classifications
• In the mainland of Africa, discoveries of fossils
are the work of the paleoanthropologists just
to trace the origins of man.
• Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Kenya- were the places
of particular excavations and believed that
man or bipedal hominids lived and walked
there between 4 -3 million years ago.
• At Laetoli, Tanzania, more than 50 hardened
humanlike footprints from about 3.6 million
years old.
3. Origins and Classifications
• Excavated evidences in Africa were classified
as Australopithecines.
• Paleoanthropologists divided the genus
australopithecus into four species.
– Australopithecus anamensis
– Australopithecus afarensis
– Australopithecus africanus
– Australopithecus boisei
– Australopithecus robustus
9. Australopithecus Afarensis
• Found in the east of Africa from 4 to 3 million
years ago.
• It was depicted that the fossils of these species
are clear bipeds and thus originated from Laetoli,
Hadar, and Ethiopia.
• Paleoanthropologist based their classification
through the appearances of their teeth, jaws, and
skull are still more alike to apes.
• Believed to be the fore species of the A.
africanus.
10.
11.
12.
13. Australopithecus Africanus
• Lived between 3 to 2 million years ago.
• Excavated at the caves at Sterkfontein and
Makapansgat in South Africa.
• The braincase is rounded with relatively well-
developed forehead.
• It was also believed that the Taung Child by
Dr. Raymond Dart was so similar with this type
of specie.
14.
15.
16.
17. Australopithecus boisei and robustus
• Robustus lived in East Africa and in South
Africa about 2.5 to 1 million years ago.
• Classified too as paranthropus which means
beside humans.
• Believed to be resided at the caves in
Kromdraai and in Swartkrans, and later in the
Omo basin in Ethiopia, lake in Turkana Kenya
and in Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania.
18. Australopithecus boisei and robustus
• Boisei was believed to walked around 2.5
million years ago.
• Paleoanthropologist refer boisei as
descendants from the robustus and the
africanus and thus, named as Australopithecus
aethiopicus.
• Characterized as having extreme features with
large molars, thick and deep jaws, thick cheek
bones
19.
20.
21.
22.
23. Early Species : HOMO
• They are hominids that are absolutely and
relatively larger than that of the
australopithecines appear about 2.5 million
years ago.
• Classified in our own specie, homo, discovered
in Olduvai Gorge by Louis Leakey, Phillip
Tobias, and John Napier.
24. HOMO HABILIS
• Classified as the first specie of the homo
genus.
• Apparently lived in the same place together
with the robustus and boisei.
• They do have large brains and reduced molars
and premolars.
25.
26.
27. Homo Erectus
• They were found first in Java, China ,and
Africa.
• It was believed that they moved and lived in
Eastern Africa round 1.6 million years ago and
about 1 million years ago in Asia.
• Recent re-dating suggest that early discoveries
of H. erectus in Java maybe somewhat older
dating to perhaps 1.8 million years ago.
28.
29.
30. Homo Sapiens
• Scientist believed that the H. Erectus evolved to Homo
Sapiens.
• Early fossils of the discoveries of the Homo Sapiens
were found in Africa, Europe and Asia.
• Particular in Broken Hill mine in Zambia dating from
200,000 years ago.
• Its cranial capacity is 1200 cc.
• Low forehead, large brow ridges.
• Closely related to the Neandertals who were
considered also as the modern human beings classified
as Homo Sapiens Neandertalensis.
31. Early Hominid Cultures
• Tool Traditions (2.5 million years)
• Percussion flaking
– Striking stone with another stone
• Unifacial tools
• Bifacial tools
32. Life style
• Archaeologists believed that early hominids in
Olduvai Gorge had already specific lifestyles.
• They were very particular with their stone
tools.
• Tools were studied and analyzed, and then
believed to be used for whittling wood into
sharp-pointed sticks, dismembering animals,
and slitting the hides of some animals.
33. Early Hominid Cultures
• H. erectus used stone tools, known as
Acheulian tool that was formed and
discovered as stone-like hammers.
• Big –Game Eating
• Control of Fire
• Campsites