IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
“Morbidity profile of children [6-11 years] attending Municipal Corporation P...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Malkanagiri_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
Nutrition and Academic Achievement of Filipino Learners: A Literature Reviewijtsrd
Nutrition has always been significant in the lives of all. It refers to the needed amount of vitamins and minerals the body receives to allow proper functioning. Undernourished and malnutrition are no longer new issues in the Filipino learners. It has been reported to have a total of 1,836,793 undernourished pupils from kindergarten to Grade 6 pupils as reported by DepEd on FY 2019. On the latest news, the Programme for International Student Assessment PISA results showed that the Philippines ranked dead last in reading among 79 participating countries or economies, and ranked second to the last in both mathematics and science. The Philippines sees a strong relationship between the socio economic status of students and their school performance, according to the full report. With this, the researchers aimed to see if in the past researches, there was a reported significant association between nutrition and academic achievement of the students. Of the twenty reviewed studies, ten research articles were utilized. From these, six out of ten researches confirmed the association. Furthermore, the researchers concluded that students who were of proper nutrition were more likely to perform better in school as reported in their academic performance. Mariepet A. Cristuta | Joanne E. Berongan | Manuelito D. Radam | Maureen S. Saladaga | Dr. Marilyn Miranda "Nutrition and Academic Achievement of Filipino Learners: A Literature Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29733.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/29733/nutrition-and-academic-achievement-of-filipino-learners-a-literature-review/mariepet-a-cristuta
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Mayurbhanj_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Kandhamal_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
The Influence of Family Background on the Academic Performance of Students Ec...ijtsrd
A qualitative education produces enlighten and vibrant people. Family experiences are very significant in influencing childrens performance in schools around the world. Research has shown that parental encouragement enhances, childrens academic performance especially by people with whom they communicate in their first stages of life. Against this background that this study was undertaken to examine the influence of family background on the academic performance of students in Economics in Port Harcourt Metropolis. The study was guided by three objectives which are to find out if there is a relationship between parental educational level and student’s academic performance in Economics determine the influence of parental income on students’ academic performance in Economics and to find out if there is any significant relationship between the parental level of motivation and students’ academic performance in Economics. This study is anchored on socialization theory. The study adopted a survey design to determine the influence of family background on students academic performance. The population of that study is the entire secondary school in Port Harcourt Metropolis. The study randomly selected 80 students and 20 teachers in Port Harcourt Metropolitan. Descriptive statistics and simple percentages and tabulation were used for the data collected by way of a questionnaire. Chi square was used when evaluating the null hypotheses. The study above showed that the family background of students and their academic success in economics subject is significantly positive. Based on the study findings the following recommendations were made Social and economic policies should be introduced to give children with low economic status equal opportunities to support their childrens education. Parents should provide a home environment that supports and motivates children to achieve better education at school. This can be done by teaching your children at home to improve schoolwork and to provide the necessary learning material. Sunday Nsirimobi Ordu | Egbo Glad Ogechi "The Influence of Family Background on the Academic Performance of Students Economics in Port Harcourt Metropolis" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd35767.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/35767/the-influence-of-family-background-on-the-academic-performance-of-students-economics-in-port-harcourt-metropolis/sunday-nsirimobi-ordu
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Khordha_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Keonjhar_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
“Morbidity profile of children [6-11 years] attending Municipal Corporation P...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Malkanagiri_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
Nutrition and Academic Achievement of Filipino Learners: A Literature Reviewijtsrd
Nutrition has always been significant in the lives of all. It refers to the needed amount of vitamins and minerals the body receives to allow proper functioning. Undernourished and malnutrition are no longer new issues in the Filipino learners. It has been reported to have a total of 1,836,793 undernourished pupils from kindergarten to Grade 6 pupils as reported by DepEd on FY 2019. On the latest news, the Programme for International Student Assessment PISA results showed that the Philippines ranked dead last in reading among 79 participating countries or economies, and ranked second to the last in both mathematics and science. The Philippines sees a strong relationship between the socio economic status of students and their school performance, according to the full report. With this, the researchers aimed to see if in the past researches, there was a reported significant association between nutrition and academic achievement of the students. Of the twenty reviewed studies, ten research articles were utilized. From these, six out of ten researches confirmed the association. Furthermore, the researchers concluded that students who were of proper nutrition were more likely to perform better in school as reported in their academic performance. Mariepet A. Cristuta | Joanne E. Berongan | Manuelito D. Radam | Maureen S. Saladaga | Dr. Marilyn Miranda "Nutrition and Academic Achievement of Filipino Learners: A Literature Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29733.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/29733/nutrition-and-academic-achievement-of-filipino-learners-a-literature-review/mariepet-a-cristuta
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Mayurbhanj_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Kandhamal_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
The Influence of Family Background on the Academic Performance of Students Ec...ijtsrd
A qualitative education produces enlighten and vibrant people. Family experiences are very significant in influencing childrens performance in schools around the world. Research has shown that parental encouragement enhances, childrens academic performance especially by people with whom they communicate in their first stages of life. Against this background that this study was undertaken to examine the influence of family background on the academic performance of students in Economics in Port Harcourt Metropolis. The study was guided by three objectives which are to find out if there is a relationship between parental educational level and student’s academic performance in Economics determine the influence of parental income on students’ academic performance in Economics and to find out if there is any significant relationship between the parental level of motivation and students’ academic performance in Economics. This study is anchored on socialization theory. The study adopted a survey design to determine the influence of family background on students academic performance. The population of that study is the entire secondary school in Port Harcourt Metropolis. The study randomly selected 80 students and 20 teachers in Port Harcourt Metropolitan. Descriptive statistics and simple percentages and tabulation were used for the data collected by way of a questionnaire. Chi square was used when evaluating the null hypotheses. The study above showed that the family background of students and their academic success in economics subject is significantly positive. Based on the study findings the following recommendations were made Social and economic policies should be introduced to give children with low economic status equal opportunities to support their childrens education. Parents should provide a home environment that supports and motivates children to achieve better education at school. This can be done by teaching your children at home to improve schoolwork and to provide the necessary learning material. Sunday Nsirimobi Ordu | Egbo Glad Ogechi "The Influence of Family Background on the Academic Performance of Students Economics in Port Harcourt Metropolis" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd35767.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/35767/the-influence-of-family-background-on-the-academic-performance-of-students-economics-in-port-harcourt-metropolis/sunday-nsirimobi-ordu
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Khordha_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Keonjhar_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Kalahandi_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Balangir_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
Abstract—Obesity is the major global nutrition concern. Modernisation and urbanisation have led to changes in dietary and lifestyle factors which are contributing to the increased prevalence of overweight and obesity.
Objective: To find out various life style risk factors for obesity among school children of affluent families aged 10-18 years in Jaipur city.
Methods: A cross-sectional study in ten randomly selected schools of Jaipur city with tuition fee > 18000 ₹/year was conducted from July 2012 to April 2013. 1610 students of class V to XII were included and their detailed life style history with anthropometric measurements was recorded after their informed written consent. Indian Academy of Pediatrics' growth Monitoring Guidelines for children from birth to 18 years was followed for defining and classifying obesity.
Result: 364 (22.61%) participants were found obese/overweight. Watching television during meals, frequency of main meals outside home per month, frequency of snacks outside home per week and duration of television/ computer watching per day were found significant predictors of overweight/ obesity on binary multivariate logistic regression method.
Conclusion: The present study highlights childhood overweight/obesity is an emerging health problem (22.61%) and lifestyle factors are important risk for it.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Dhenkanal_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Jharsuguda_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
This study aimed to identify the degree of applying food habits among Umm Al Qura University students and its relation to some variables (level of study, specialization, social status, cumulative average) for the academic year 2017/2018. The study sample consisted of (150) students who are chosen randomly from the students of Home Economics College in Makkah. The researchers used the descriptive analytical approach, which is based on the study of any phenomenon as it exists in fact, and describe it qualitatively or quantitatively. To achieve the objective of the study, a questionnaire was applied after verifying its validity and stability. It consisted of (30) paragraphs that included a set of healthy food habits and constructed according to the Likert scale quintet. The data were analyzed using the statistical packages (SPSS).The findings indicate that there were statistically significant differences at the level of (α ≥ 0.05) due to the level of study and for the fourth year students. Whereas, there are no significant differences in the level of function (α ≥ 0.05) between the application of food habits due to the variable of the social situation, specialization, and the cumulative rate. The researcher recommended in the light of the study results: Adopting a national strategy at the level of public and private universities through the development of curricula related to food and nutrition and inclusion in the early stages of education years. More nutrition research is needed across all age groups in the first stages of schooling.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Angul_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Jagatsinghpur_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Ganjam_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Sambalpur_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Puri_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Jajpur_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Sex Educ...ijtsrd
Adolescent age group is a very susceptible group. These children are in phase of transformation from children to adulthood. Most adolescence manages this transformation but many of them are indulged in behaviors like sexual experimentation, exploration and promiscuity, and through which lands in the problem of unmarried motherhood, abortions, STDs HIV infection, sexual abuse. India has the largest population of adolescents in the world about 243 million , among them 69.5 getting married before 20 years of age, about 2.47 cases of HIV infected persons in the country and with sexually transmitted diseases. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching program on education in selected Nursing College of Dehradun in Uttarakhand.The quantitative evaluative research approach was used. Setting Himalayan College of Nursing, Jolly grant, Dehradun, Sample consecutive sample of 44 General Nursing and Midwifery GNM students. Tool self structure questionnaire to assess the knowledge regarding sex education was prepared. Intervention planned teaching programme on sex education.The finding of the study revealed that post test knowledge score is significantly higher than pre test knowledge score. The different between pre test and post test shows difference at the level of p 0.005. There was no significant association between pre test knowledge score and demographic variables. Rajesh Singh | Anjali Gupta | Deepika Badola | Poonam Chauhan | Anupriya Bisht | Upma George "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Sex Education among GNM First Year Students in a Selected College of Nursing in Dehradun Uttarakhand" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47494.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/47494/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-planned-teaching-programme-on-sex-education-among-gnm-first-year-students-in-a-selected-college-of-nursing-in-dehradun-uttarakhand/rajesh-singh
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Program on Knowled...ijtsrd
Background UP, India’s most popular state recorded the most diarrhoeal deaths. 22.21 deaths nationwide over five year to 2017. Method A quantitative evaluative approach using questionnaire on diarrhoea. Pre experimental one group pre test and post test design was used. Convenient sampling technique was used to select 30 samples from the selected Anganwadi in Lucknow. Initially researcher got permission for study from concern authorities. Pre test done followed by structured teaching program on prevention and home management of diarrhoea for 50 min followed by 10 min session of question and answer. A post test was conducted after 2 weeks of structured teaching program. The tools used for data collection, part 1 demographic variables, part 2 assessing knowledge on home management of diarrhoea. Results the pre test mean value of knowledge 23±1.9 was lesser than post test mean value 23.62±1.75. The effectiveness of STP, the obtained, “t- test value is 9.469. which is found to be greater than the, “t- table value p=0.000 0.01 level at 29df. Since the obtained t value is significant at p 0.01 level, therefore research hypotheses H1 is accepted. It is inferred that, there is significant difference between pre test and post test knowledge regarding diarrhoea among mothers of under five year children. Conclusion The study concludes that the structured teaching program was very effective in providing knowledge prevention and home management of diarrhoea among mothers. Beena Sharma | Razia Sultan | Deeksha Verma | Purnima Goswami | Prity Verma | Sweta Gupta | Miss Sony Verma | Miss. Alka Gupta "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Program on Knowledge Regarding Prevention and Home Management of Diarrhorea among the Mothers of Under Five Year Children in Selected Anganwadi Lucknow" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46350.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/46350/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-structured-teaching-program-on-knowledge-regarding-prevention-and-home-management-of-diarrhorea-among-the-mothers-of-under-five-year-children-in-selected-anganwadi-lucknow/beena-sharma
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Nayagarh_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Subarnapur_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
A Quasi Experimental Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching...ijtsrd
Background Diarrhoea as the passage of three or more loose or liquid stools per day or more frequent passage than is normal for the individual . Diarrhoeal disease is the second leading cause of death in children under five years old, and is responsible for killing around 525 000 children every year. Diarrhoea can last several days, and can leave the body without the water and salts that are necessary for survival. Objective The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding diarrhoea among the mothers at selected urban community in Thatipur GwaliorM.P. Methods In this study quasi experimental with one group pre test post test design was adopted.30 Mothers of under five children was taken by Purposive sampling technique. Structured interview developed to measure the knowledge of mother regarding the diarrhoea. Data was collected by administering structured interview before and after the administration of STP. Result It revealed that post test score24.5 82.22 which is higher than pretest score 16.86 56.20 , the actual gain of knowledge score is 26.02 and computed ‘t’ value t29 =15.41 is more than tabled value t29 =2.05 at the level of 0.05.Therefore it indicated highly significant difference and effectivness of structured teaching programme through lesson plan and booklet, in increasing the knowledge of mothers of under five children regarding diarrhoea. Conclusion The study can be concluded that the Structure teaching programme was effective in improving the knowledge of the mothers under five children. Raj Amit Singh Gurjar | Harish Nagar | Bhoori Singh "A Quasi-Experimental Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Diarrhea among the Mothers at Selected Urban Community in Thatipur Gwalior" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42399.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.commedicine/nursing/42399/a-quasiexperimental-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-structured-teaching-programme-on-knowledge-regarding-diarrhea-among-the-mothers-at-selected-urban-community-in-thatipur-gwalior/raj-amit-singh-gurjar
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Kendrapara_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
Proposed mac protocol for reduce energy consumption over wsn networkeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Kalahandi_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Balangir_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
Abstract—Obesity is the major global nutrition concern. Modernisation and urbanisation have led to changes in dietary and lifestyle factors which are contributing to the increased prevalence of overweight and obesity.
Objective: To find out various life style risk factors for obesity among school children of affluent families aged 10-18 years in Jaipur city.
Methods: A cross-sectional study in ten randomly selected schools of Jaipur city with tuition fee > 18000 ₹/year was conducted from July 2012 to April 2013. 1610 students of class V to XII were included and their detailed life style history with anthropometric measurements was recorded after their informed written consent. Indian Academy of Pediatrics' growth Monitoring Guidelines for children from birth to 18 years was followed for defining and classifying obesity.
Result: 364 (22.61%) participants were found obese/overweight. Watching television during meals, frequency of main meals outside home per month, frequency of snacks outside home per week and duration of television/ computer watching per day were found significant predictors of overweight/ obesity on binary multivariate logistic regression method.
Conclusion: The present study highlights childhood overweight/obesity is an emerging health problem (22.61%) and lifestyle factors are important risk for it.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Dhenkanal_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Jharsuguda_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
This study aimed to identify the degree of applying food habits among Umm Al Qura University students and its relation to some variables (level of study, specialization, social status, cumulative average) for the academic year 2017/2018. The study sample consisted of (150) students who are chosen randomly from the students of Home Economics College in Makkah. The researchers used the descriptive analytical approach, which is based on the study of any phenomenon as it exists in fact, and describe it qualitatively or quantitatively. To achieve the objective of the study, a questionnaire was applied after verifying its validity and stability. It consisted of (30) paragraphs that included a set of healthy food habits and constructed according to the Likert scale quintet. The data were analyzed using the statistical packages (SPSS).The findings indicate that there were statistically significant differences at the level of (α ≥ 0.05) due to the level of study and for the fourth year students. Whereas, there are no significant differences in the level of function (α ≥ 0.05) between the application of food habits due to the variable of the social situation, specialization, and the cumulative rate. The researcher recommended in the light of the study results: Adopting a national strategy at the level of public and private universities through the development of curricula related to food and nutrition and inclusion in the early stages of education years. More nutrition research is needed across all age groups in the first stages of schooling.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Angul_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Jagatsinghpur_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Ganjam_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Sambalpur_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Puri_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Jajpur_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Sex Educ...ijtsrd
Adolescent age group is a very susceptible group. These children are in phase of transformation from children to adulthood. Most adolescence manages this transformation but many of them are indulged in behaviors like sexual experimentation, exploration and promiscuity, and through which lands in the problem of unmarried motherhood, abortions, STDs HIV infection, sexual abuse. India has the largest population of adolescents in the world about 243 million , among them 69.5 getting married before 20 years of age, about 2.47 cases of HIV infected persons in the country and with sexually transmitted diseases. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching program on education in selected Nursing College of Dehradun in Uttarakhand.The quantitative evaluative research approach was used. Setting Himalayan College of Nursing, Jolly grant, Dehradun, Sample consecutive sample of 44 General Nursing and Midwifery GNM students. Tool self structure questionnaire to assess the knowledge regarding sex education was prepared. Intervention planned teaching programme on sex education.The finding of the study revealed that post test knowledge score is significantly higher than pre test knowledge score. The different between pre test and post test shows difference at the level of p 0.005. There was no significant association between pre test knowledge score and demographic variables. Rajesh Singh | Anjali Gupta | Deepika Badola | Poonam Chauhan | Anupriya Bisht | Upma George "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Sex Education among GNM First Year Students in a Selected College of Nursing in Dehradun Uttarakhand" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47494.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/47494/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-planned-teaching-programme-on-sex-education-among-gnm-first-year-students-in-a-selected-college-of-nursing-in-dehradun-uttarakhand/rajesh-singh
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Program on Knowled...ijtsrd
Background UP, India’s most popular state recorded the most diarrhoeal deaths. 22.21 deaths nationwide over five year to 2017. Method A quantitative evaluative approach using questionnaire on diarrhoea. Pre experimental one group pre test and post test design was used. Convenient sampling technique was used to select 30 samples from the selected Anganwadi in Lucknow. Initially researcher got permission for study from concern authorities. Pre test done followed by structured teaching program on prevention and home management of diarrhoea for 50 min followed by 10 min session of question and answer. A post test was conducted after 2 weeks of structured teaching program. The tools used for data collection, part 1 demographic variables, part 2 assessing knowledge on home management of diarrhoea. Results the pre test mean value of knowledge 23±1.9 was lesser than post test mean value 23.62±1.75. The effectiveness of STP, the obtained, “t- test value is 9.469. which is found to be greater than the, “t- table value p=0.000 0.01 level at 29df. Since the obtained t value is significant at p 0.01 level, therefore research hypotheses H1 is accepted. It is inferred that, there is significant difference between pre test and post test knowledge regarding diarrhoea among mothers of under five year children. Conclusion The study concludes that the structured teaching program was very effective in providing knowledge prevention and home management of diarrhoea among mothers. Beena Sharma | Razia Sultan | Deeksha Verma | Purnima Goswami | Prity Verma | Sweta Gupta | Miss Sony Verma | Miss. Alka Gupta "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Program on Knowledge Regarding Prevention and Home Management of Diarrhorea among the Mothers of Under Five Year Children in Selected Anganwadi Lucknow" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46350.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/46350/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-structured-teaching-program-on-knowledge-regarding-prevention-and-home-management-of-diarrhorea-among-the-mothers-of-under-five-year-children-in-selected-anganwadi-lucknow/beena-sharma
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Nayagarh_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Subarnapur_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
A Quasi Experimental Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching...ijtsrd
Background Diarrhoea as the passage of three or more loose or liquid stools per day or more frequent passage than is normal for the individual . Diarrhoeal disease is the second leading cause of death in children under five years old, and is responsible for killing around 525 000 children every year. Diarrhoea can last several days, and can leave the body without the water and salts that are necessary for survival. Objective The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding diarrhoea among the mothers at selected urban community in Thatipur GwaliorM.P. Methods In this study quasi experimental with one group pre test post test design was adopted.30 Mothers of under five children was taken by Purposive sampling technique. Structured interview developed to measure the knowledge of mother regarding the diarrhoea. Data was collected by administering structured interview before and after the administration of STP. Result It revealed that post test score24.5 82.22 which is higher than pretest score 16.86 56.20 , the actual gain of knowledge score is 26.02 and computed ‘t’ value t29 =15.41 is more than tabled value t29 =2.05 at the level of 0.05.Therefore it indicated highly significant difference and effectivness of structured teaching programme through lesson plan and booklet, in increasing the knowledge of mothers of under five children regarding diarrhoea. Conclusion The study can be concluded that the Structure teaching programme was effective in improving the knowledge of the mothers under five children. Raj Amit Singh Gurjar | Harish Nagar | Bhoori Singh "A Quasi-Experimental Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Diarrhea among the Mothers at Selected Urban Community in Thatipur Gwalior" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42399.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.commedicine/nursing/42399/a-quasiexperimental-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-structured-teaching-programme-on-knowledge-regarding-diarrhea-among-the-mothers-at-selected-urban-community-in-thatipur-gwalior/raj-amit-singh-gurjar
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Kendrapara_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
Proposed mac protocol for reduce energy consumption over wsn networkeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Spatial correlation based clustering algorithm for random and uniform topolog...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Effects of aging time on mechanical properties of sand cast al 4.5 cu alloyeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Power quality enhancement by improving voltage stability using dstatcomeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Experimental investigation of thermal performance of petrol engine using fuel...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Influence of Mothers’ Participation in Intra-Household Decision Making on Nut...Hudu Zakaria
The purpose of this paper is to investigate effects of mothers’ participation in intra-household decision making on the nutritional status of their children. The paper relied solely on analysis of data for Northern Region of Ghana, collected as part of United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Feed the Future population baseline survey conducted in 2012. Multiple Linear Regression Model was used in examining mothers’ participation in intra-household decision making on children’s weight-for-age, height-for-age and weight-for-height which were used as proxies for children’s nutritional status. Results of the analysis revealed that, the Region is still far from achieving the MDG 1 target of attaining 1.8% malnutrition prevalence rate, as stunting, underweight and wasting prevalence rates among children in the region were found to be 27%, 25% and 13% respectively. The analysis also found mothers’ participation in intra-household decision making, ownership and control of household resources as significant in influencing positively children’s nutritional status. Increasing participation and power of women in intra-household decision making process are imperative in improving children nutritional status and reducing malnutrition prevalence among children under five years. It is therefore recommended that programmes and projects aimed at promoting sustainable nutritional wellbeing among children should consider empowering mothers of children so as to promote their status and barging power in intra-household decision making process.
Effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding nutriti...Harsh Rastogi
Research study on Effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding nutritional diet among mothers of under-five children in selected rural area of Lucknow.”
The school age period is nutritionally
significant because this is the prime time to build up body
stores of nutrients in preparation for rapid growth of
adolescence.1 Malnutrition remains the world’s most
serious health problem and the single biggest contributor to
child mortality, nearly one third of the children in the
developing world are either underweight or stunted and
more than 30% of the developing world’s population suffer
from micronutrient deficiencies. However the data available
from urban slums of Hyderabad in this age group is very
sparse and hence an attempt has been made to study the
same.
Assess the Knowledge on Hazards of Junk Foods among Adolescentsijtsrd
INTRODUCTIONFood is important for survival. It provides necessary nutrition for the body of the human being. Fast food, which is available readymade and easy to eat is now a day’s an important item of food. It often termed as food away from home FAFH Jahan, et al., 2020 . Junk food was first popularized in 1950s in the United States. The first Junk food restaurants were established in the United States with White Castle in 1916. Now a days McDonald’s, KFC and Pizza Hut are multinational corporations with outlets across the globe. At present fast food restaurants are one of the largest segments of the food industry with over 200,000 restaurants and 120 billion in sales in the U.S. alone10. International chains including McDonald’s and Yum Brands have 65 percent and 50 percent of their sales overseas respectively which indicates that fast food has a great demand all over the worldSTATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMA study to assess the knowledge on hazards of junk food among adolescents.OBJECTIVESTo assess the level of knowledge regarding hazards of junk food among adolescents.To associate the level of knowledge regarding hazards of junk food among adolescents with their selected demographic variables.RESEARCH METHODOLOGYA descriptive design with simple random research design was used to assess the assess the knowledge on hazards of junk food among adolescents at rural areas After obtaining permission from the Department of Community Heath Nursing, the investigator selected 30 samples by using purposive sampling technique. The samples who met the inclusion criteria were selected by convenience sampling technique. The purposes of the study to the samples and obtained the written informed consent. The nature and purpose of the study was explained to the women. Questionnaire was used to collect the demographic variables of adolescents.MAJOR FINDING OF THE STUDY The study shows that 15 50 had moderate level of knowledge, 8 26.67 had inadequate knowledge and 7 23.33 had adequate knowledge regarding health hazards of the fast food consumption among adolescents. The mean score of knowledge score was 8.50±2.86. The median score was 9.0 with minimum score of 4.0 and maximum score 13.0The demographic variable pocket money per month 2=10.243, p=0.037 had shown statistically significant association with level of knowledge regarding health hazards of the fast food consumption among adolescents at p 0.05 level and the other demographic variables had not shown statistically significant association with level of knowledge regarding health hazards of the fast food consumption among adolescents.CONCLUSIONThe findings of the study conclude that the adolescents had moderate to inadequate level of knowledge on health hazards of the junk food consumption. The study suggest that health education on consumption of fast food should be imparted to the adolescents at the community and school level. Meena. P | Francis Nath | F. J. David "Assess the Knowledge on Hazards of Junk Foods am
A Study on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice KAP on Anemia and Socio Economic ...YogeshIJTSRD
Anemia is a critical public health problem in India that affects women and children throughout the lifecycle. The Govt. of India took an effort by launching the programme called “12 by 12 initiatives- addressing the problem of anemia in adolescents. Under Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Adolescent Girls SABALA programme initiated in 2011, adolescent girls are being received weekly supplementation of iron folic acid tablets and biannual de worming tablets. Age at menarche, family type, mother’s educational status, personal hygiene and sanitation facilities and the gain score of knowledge, attitude and practice. There is a significant difference between the family income and the gain score of the knowledge, attitude and practice of anemia at the 0.05 level of significance. Thus, it is concluded that the demographic variables would have influence over the knowledge, attitude, and practice on anemia. Dr. Sandhya Rani Mohanty "A Study on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) on Anemia and Socio Economic Characteristics of Rural Adolescent Girls in Odisha" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45033.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/home-science/food-and-nutrition/45033/a-study-on-knowledge-attitude-and-practice-kap-on-anemia-and-socio-economic-characteristics-of-rural-adolescent-girls-in-odisha/dr-sandhya-rani-mohanty
Prevalence of Undernutrition among Baalwadi Going Children between 2 5 Years ...ijtsrd
Children are the backbone of any country. Under nutrition is the underlying cause of more than half of all deaths in children aged less than five years worldwide. This study was designed majorly to study the prevalence of undernutrition in children. The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of undernutrition stunting, underweight and wasting in children between 2 5 years of age and to analyse major determinants influencing undernutrition. 102 children aged between 2 5 years of age were selected from two different baalwadis of Mumbai through purposive, random sampling. Socio demographic data was collected using a self designed, structured questionnaire from mothers. Anthropometric measurements like weight, height, MUAC were done to determine nutritional status. Anthropometric data revealed that out of total children screened n=102 , 34 children were well nourished and 66 children were undernourished where 27 children were underweight, 24 were wasted 16 were stunted. 55 children had low MUAC. The factors that were found to be significantly associated with child undernutrition were age p=0.046 , gender p=0.000 , maternal education p=0.007 , employment status of mother p=0.001 and number of meals taken by the child daily p=0.000 . The prevalence of undernutrition among children of Baalwadi was high considering the sample size was small. Shraddha Shripal Parmar | Dr Rupali Sengupta ""Prevalence of Undernutrition among Baalwadi Going Children between 2-5 Years of Age in Western Mumbai"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23133.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/home-science/child-care-and-development/23133/prevalence-of-undernutrition-among-baalwadi-going-children-between-2-5-years-of-age-in-western-mumbai/shraddha-shripal-parmar
Economic Determinants of Malnutrition among School Children in Sri Lanka: Wit...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT:Better health is extremely associated with proper nutritional intake. Malnutrition among children
is closely associated with their individual health, brain development, future labor productivity and finally with
the social and economic development. Child malnutrition is lasting as one of the serious issues affecting
economic development in Sri Lanka. Therefore, identifying the prevalence and the determinants of child
malnutrition is essential in the first stage of exploring the phenomena of child malnutrition. Many factors
determine child malnutrition. Among these, economic determinants are crucial. The objective of this study is to
investigate the economic determinants of malnutrition among school children in Sri Lanka based on the
Nuwara-Eliya district. The study used primary data collected through a structured questionnaire. The stratified
random sampling technique was employed to draw the sample of 378 school children. The main analysis
technique was logistic regression. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, t-test and chi-square
test were applied as supplementary techniques. The logistic regression model disclosed a significant impact of
income, poverty and mother’s employment on child malnutrition. The odds ratio between income and child
malnutrition shows a negative effect. The probability of being malnourished for the poor is higher than for the
non-poor. The highest malnutrition is recorded for the children of mothers employed in the private sector. The
study suggests implementing supportive strategies to increase the income of households, alleviate poverty and
introduce proper mechanisms to take care of children of employed mothers to reduce child malnutrition.
KEYWORDS: Economic determinants, Income, Logistic regression, Malnutrition, School children
Nutritional Status of School Age Children in Private Elementary Schools: Basi...IJAEMSJORNAL
Department of Education (DepEd) organizes nutritional programs to improve the health status of children in public schools. Likewise, the researcher believes that health awareness must be raised in private schools as well. This study aimed to affect the community to be aware and more knowledgeable about nutrition. Specifically, this study focused on the nutritional status of school age children in private elementary schools in Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija. It sought to determine the profile of the learners, anthropometrics, clinical data and the knowledge of the learners as to dietary and the significant relationship between the profile of the learners and the nutritional status of the school aged children. With all the data gathered a meal management program was proposed. The study employed the quantitative description design. The study manifests that majority of the respondents were not yet aware of what they eat. In addition, age, greatly affects the respondent’s anthropometrics as to height. More so, age, number of siblings and family income, greatly affect the respondents’ anthropometrics as to weight. The researcher adopted the Nutritional Guidelines for Filipino program that was developed by the DOST- FNRI.
NCCR 2020: Conference Of Very Important Disease (COVID-19) | 24 - 26 August 2020
Young Investigator Awards Presentation
Mohammad Hasnan Ahmad
Nutritionist
Principal Investigator
Centre for Nutrition Epidemiology Research
Institute for Public Health
National Institutes of Health
Ministry of Health Malaysia
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4004505
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Program on the Knowle...ijtsrd
Malnutrition and Tuberculosis chronic infectious disease are both problems of considerable magnitude in the most underdeveloped regions of the world. Malnutrition can leads to secondary immunodeficiency that increase the host susceptibility to infection. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching program on the knowledge and practice regarding dietary pattern among mothers of children with tuberculosis admitted in pediatric ward. Quasi experimental with two groups pre test post test design was used for 60 mothers at IPD and OPD of pediatric department and purposive sampling technique was used. Self structured questionnaire was used to assess knowledge and checklist for practice. In post test experimental group mothers have 63.3 average knowledge, 26.6 poor knowledge and 10 good knowledge while in the control group, 53.3 poor knowledge, 46.6 average knowledge and non hove good knowledge. In experimental group mean score was 17.9 1.96 while in control group mean score was 11.8 2.99. At the “p” value 0.05, the calculated t value 3.21 was compared with the tabulated value 2.01 . In post test experimental group, mothers have 53.3 good practice, 46.6 average practice and none have poor practice while in the control group, 63.33 average practice, 23.3 poor practice and 13.3 good practice. In experimental group mean score was 19.13 1.99 while in the control group, mean score was 14.06 2.85.At the “p” value 0.05, the calculated t value 3.28 was compared with the tabulated value 2.01 . These finding reveals that the planned teaching program on dietary pattern was effective. Mrs. Anchal Tiwari | Mrs. Anugrah Charan | Dr. Sarika Gupta "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Program on the Knowledge and Practice Regarding Dietary Pattern among Mothers of Children with Tuberculosis Admitted in Pediatric Ward at KGMU Hospital, Lucknowv" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38591.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/38591/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-planned-teaching-program-on-the-knowledge-and-practice-regarding-dietary-pattern-among-mothers-of-children-with-tuberculosis-admitted-in-pediatric-ward-at-kgmu-hospital-lucknowv/mrs-anchal-tiwari
An assessment of adolescent eating habits in public schools of chak shahzad, ...Zubia Qureshi
Abstract: Eating patterns influence the nutritional status, health, learning process and academic performance of the school children. This study was conducted to explore the food availability at school canteens and food intake by adolescents in break period. A cross sectional study was conducted on 290 adolescents (145 were girls and 145 boys) of 6th, 7th and 8th grade from public schools of Chak Shahzad, Islamabad. Pre-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Chi square / fisher exact test was done by using SPSS to check the association. The mean age of adolescents was 12.6 ± 1.33 years. They were reported normal, underweight, overweight and obese as 176 (60.7%), 79 (27.2%), 27 (9.3%) and 9 (2.8%) respectively. Nutritional status was significantly related with gender, age and grade of adolescents with p-value <0.05. Response showed that 199 (68.6%) adolescents prefer canteen food during break time, and 66 (22.8%) give preference to homemade lunch. Few of them 25 (8.6%) take fruits in school break time. About (24.8%) took drink with lunch which were juices 30 (10.3%), milk/milk shake 14 (5.9%), carbonated drinks 6 (2.1%), and tea/coffee 13 (4.5%). Consumption of carbohydrates, protein, fruits, vegetables, and dairy products was found as 64 (22.1%), 26 (0.9%), 32 (11%), 4 (1.4%) and 1 (0.3%) respectively in adolescents who brought their lunch from home. Around 49% of students were not satisfied with food provided on their school canteens. Availability of food items on school canteens and overall eating pattern of adolescents is not satisfactory. There is a need of school canteen guidelines/policy and nutritional education to canteen staff and pupils.
Keywords: School Canteen, Pakistan, Eating Habits, Adolescents
Nutritional Status and Dietary Habits of Preschool Childreninventionjournals
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
[[IAA JSR 10(1)49-60, 2023.Awareness and Practice of Breast Feeding among Mot...PUBLISHERJOURNAL
Breastfeeding is a key tool for nourishing a baby, preventing childhood illnesses like obesity, and hypertension later on in life. In addition, it reduces the cost to the family and the entire country. Uganda to some extent faces a great deal of challenges, particularly in the health sector. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of exclusive breastfeeding in mothers with infants between 1 day to 2 years of age attending the immunization and the pediatric inpatient in Kiryandongo Hospital and to identify factors that affect exclusive breastfeeding (EBF). A cross-section descriptive survey design was used. 187 respondents were selected randomly. The data were collected using a questionnaire and the data was analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequency and percentages. The result of this study showed that 71.2 % knew the correct definition and duration of exclusive breastfeeding, 59.7% exclusively breastfeeds for the first six (6) months of life, 100% gave colostrum to their babies because they believed it provides nutrition and protection to their babies, 87% breastfed on demand. The result also showed that there is a positive attitude of mothers toward exclusive breastfeeding as 86.6% of them agreed that breast milk alone is sufficient to the baby during the first six (6) months of life as well as believed that EBF has benefits to both the infants and the mother. 51% of respondents weaned their babies between 15-18 months and 41% weaned between 19 months to 2 years. It was concluded that there was a high level of knowledge on breastfeeding among the respondents, more than half of the respondents practiced exclusive breastfeeding as recommended and relatively all the respondents had positive attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding.
Keywords: knowledge, attitude, practice, breastfeeding, mothers
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles_Guide to DNPsPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that this guide uses the example of Bihar. POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
Eating habits and nutritional status among adolescent school girls: an experi...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Effect of Mothers Working and Non Working Status on the Nutritional Status of...YogeshIJTSRD
Health and nutritional status are two crucial and interlinked aspects of human development, which in to interact with demographic variables Malnutrition a condition that occurs due to intake of inadequate amount of nutrients leading to insufficient nourishment continues to be a problem of considerable magnitude in most of the developing countries in the world. Preschool children are one of the most nutritionally vulnerable segments of the population. Nutrition during the first 5 years has not only an impact on growth and morbidity during childhood, but also acts as a determinant of nutritional status in adolescent and adult life. Global comparative data indicate that contrary to common perception, prevalence of under nutrition is highest in South Asian children. India has the highest occurrence of childhood malnutrition in the world. Malnutrition is responsible for 55 percent of all deaths of children younger than 5 years of age globally. Malnutrition makes a child susceptible to infections and delayed recovery, thus increasing mortality and morbidity. It is therefore logical to direct attention to the quality of life of the survivors Bose and Das, 2010 . Joyeeta Bhattacharyya "Effect of Mothers Working and Non-Working Status on the Nutritional Status of Pre School Children" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd41167.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comhome-science/food-and-nutrition/41167/effect-of-mothers-working-and-nonworking-status-on-the-nutritional-status-of-pre-school-children/joyeeta-bhattacharyya
Similar to The association of predisposing and enabling factors (20)
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
#vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore#blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #blackmagicforlove #blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #Amilbabainuk #amilbabainspain #amilbabaindubai #Amilbabainnorway #amilbabainkrachi #amilbabainlahore #amilbabaingujranwalan #amilbabainislamabad
HEAP SORT ILLUSTRATED WITH HEAPIFY, BUILD HEAP FOR DYNAMIC ARRAYS.
Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting technique based on Binary Heap data structure. It is similar to the selection sort where we first find the minimum element and place the minimum element at the beginning. Repeat the same process for the remaining elements.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Fundamentals of Electric Drives and its applications.pptx
The association of predisposing and enabling factors
1. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Volume: 03 Issue: 06 | Jun-2014, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 573
THE ASSOCIATION OF PREDISPOSING AND ENABLING FACTORS
ON NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN CHILDREN
Sajib Al Reza1
, Abdullah Ibn Mafiz2
, Afsana Afzal3
, Md. Mahmudul Hasan4
1
M S Research Student, Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and
Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh
2
Lecturer, Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology
University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh
1
M S Research Student, Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and
Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh
1
M S Research Student, Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and
Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh
Abstract
BANGLADESH is still the world most densely populated country. Moreover child malnutrition coexist in poor communities even
the households due to poverty, illiteracy, insufficient resources and knowledge leading to a high risk of disease, morbidity and
mortality. Various studies have highlighted the associated factors. The objective of the study was to explore the association of
predisposing and enabling factors on nutritional status in secondary school children. This cross-sectional study was conducted
among 120 students aged 14-17 years old of class Standard-9 in four secondary schools which were randomly selected from a list
of schools provided by the local government office of TANGAIL city from October to November 2013. Purposive sampling
technique was applied to collect the sample and Data collection was done through a structured questionnaire by face to face
interview. We assessed BMI following the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention age and sex specific growth chart. In this
study 52.5% of respondents had healthy weight. While 45.5% were underweight and 2.5% were overweight. Female children
(25%) were more malnourished than male children (17%). Most underweight children had poor knowledge about health and
nutrition compared to their healthy counter parts that had fair knowledge. The association between nutritional status and some
independent variables was found at 5% level of significance. These independent variables were taking snacks (P=0.001),
knowledge level (P=0.012), total family income (P=0.037), mother education (P=0.006), taking care of respondents (P=0.008),
father occupation (P=0.027), money for snacking (P=0.010) and accommodation type (P=0.008). Low income, low literacy rate,
large families, food insecurity, food safety, women’s education appears to be the important underlying factors responsible for
poor health status of children from low socioeconomic class. Based on results, it’s suggested that to avoid students snacking in the
school time, it’s better to let them bring a meal from home. Supplementary support from school is needed. Health and nutrition
education should be provided both children and mother to improve nutritional status of the children.
Keywords: Nutrition, Nutritional Status, Predisposing Factor, Enabling Factor, BMI
--------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------
1. INTRODUCTION
Malnutrition is widespread problem and affects large
number of people in developing countries. Vulnerable
populations like school children are susceptible to health
problems associated with micronutrient deficiencies.
Malnutrition in children is the largest contributor to global
burden of disease and causing heavy health expenditures in
developing countries especially in Asia. In Asia, it was
common in preschool children from 16.0% in China to
64.0% in Bangladesh [1].
A study conducted in BANGLADESH by Bangladesh
Bureau of Statistics and UNICEF it had found that using the
new WHO 2005 GRS, 40% of children aged <5 years were
underweight. According to criteria of the World Health
Organization, the prevalence of Underweight and stunting
was "very high". Severe underweight were found in 11% of
the population. In comparison with the urban population, the
rural Population was significantly more underweight (42%
vs. 30%) [2]. In a second study stunting was also found to
increase with age where younger school children were
reported to have a prevalence of just 2% compared to 16%
among older school children in Bangladesh [3]. UNICEF,
2006 said that one in every four children under-five
(including 146 million children in the developing world) is
underweight.
Childhood malnutrition is associated with a number of
socioeconomic and environmental characteristics such as
poverty, parents' education/occupation, and access to health
care services [4]. The strong relationship between socio-
demographic factors and secular growth was shown in some
studies [5]. Among population groups who have experienced
constraint on economic and social development and factors
affecting the physical growth of school children before
puberty are environmental, e.g., poor food consumption
pattern, illness, lack of sanitation, poor hygienic practice,
2. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Volume: 03 Issue: 06 | Jun-2014, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 574
food safety and women’s education [6]. The prevalence of
underweight, stunting and wasting was significantly higher
among mothers with low education status [2]. A small state
of Kerala in India, it has the highest rate of female literacy
87.86% compared to 54.16% for all India [7]. Kerala’s
infant mortality rate is 15.3 per 1,000 births versus 57.0 for
India [8].
Malnutrition adversely affects physical and mental growth
of children. So it is crucial to determine the nutritional status
of children and find out the correlated factors which
contribute on nutritional status. This study gives the
prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors at
countryside region in Bangladesh which helps the
government and NGOs malnutrition prevention strategy.
2. METHODS AND MATERIALS
2.1 Study Site
This study was carried out at 4 different schools in and
around TANGAIL town for a period of two months from
October to November 2013. Schools were randomly selected
from a list of schools provided by the local government. All
schools were public school run by the government
representing different socio economic strata and to reduce
the selection bias for affluences.
2.2 Study Design
The study was designed as cross sectional study.
2.3 Study Population
The study population was all students aged 14-17 years old
of class Standard-9 of four secondary schools in TANGAIL
town.
2.4 Sample Size
There were 257 class standard 9 students of four secondary
schools. Among them we selected 120 students for our
study.
2.5 Sampling
Purposive sampling technique was used.
2.6 Study Type
Mixed method both quantitative and qualitative
2.7 Development of Questionnaire
A standard questionnaire was developed for collecting data.
The questionnaire was pre-tested and modified on the basis
of test results. The questionnaire mostly multiple choices
questions and contains 3 parts as follows- Socio
demographic factors, Knowledge toward health and
nutrition and Enabling factors regarding on nutritional
status.
2.8 Collection of Data
Height and weight of the students were measured using
WHO standard protocol [9]. Omron digital weighing
machine and Fujita stadiometer were used for measuring
weight and height respectively. Weight was measured up to
100g and height was measured up to 0.1cm fractions. Body
mass index (BMI) categories (weight in kg divided by
height in m2) were defined using age and sex-specific
growth chart by the US Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention [10]. Socio-economic status (SES) data, health
and nutritional Knowledge and other data of the children’s
and their families were collected by using standardized
questionnaire. Knowledge towards health and nutrition was
measured and categorized based on Bloom criteria [11].
2.9 Data Analysis
SPSS for Windows, version 20.0 was used for analyse the
data. SPSS-20 software was used to organize, analyze and
statistical analysis of the quantitative and qualitative data.
For tabular, charts and graphical representation Microsoft
Word and Microsoft Excel were used. Test of significance
used was Chi-Square and Statistical significance was
represented by a P value < 0.05
3. RESULTS
Table 1: Frequency distribution of Nutritional Status of the respondents
Nutritional Status Male (n=69) Female (n=51) Total (n=120)
n % n % n %
Under weight 21 17.5 30 25 51 42.5
Healthy weight 42 35 21 17.5 63 52.5
Over weight 6 5 0 0 6 5
3. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Volume: 03 Issue: 06 | Jun-2014, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 575
Table 1 shows the percent distribution of the students by
nutritional status. According to the American Academy of
Pediatrics, BMI for age is now the recommended method for
screening overweight and underweight status in all children
from 2–20 years of age [12]. BMI was plotted into CDC
growth curve. CDC growth curve categorize nutritional
status into four categories such as Underweight (<5
Percentiles), Healthy weight (>5 to 85 Percentiles), at risk
overweight (>85 to 95 Percentiles), and Obese (>95
Percentiles). Regarding the classification of nutritional
status, most of respondents, 52.5% had healthy weight.
42.5% of them were underweight and 5% were overweight.
The results showed that male has more healthy weight than
female.
Table 2: Association of Nutritional Status and Predisposing Factors
Predisposing
Factors
Nutritional Status
Total χ2
(2-Sided)
P-Value
Under Weight Healthy
Weight
Over
Weight
n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%)
Grade achieved in previous year
χ2=10.808
.213
A+
9 (7.5) 15 (12.5) 0 (0) 24 (20)
A 9 (7.5) 30 (25) 3 (2.5) 42 (35)
A-
12 (10) 3 (2.5) 0 (0) 15 (12.5)
B 15 (12.5) 12 (10) 0 (0) 27 (22.5)
C 6 (5) 3 (2.5) 3 (2.5) 12 (10)
Gender
Male 21 (17.5) 42 (35) 6 (5) 69 (57.5) χ2=4.054
.132Female 30 (25) 21 (17.5) 0 (0) 51 (42.5)
Age
14years 18 (15) 27 (22.5) 3 (2.5) 48 (40) χ2
=.738
.94715years 30 (25) 30 (25) 3 (2.5) 63 (52.5)
16years 3 (2.5) 6 (5) 0 (0) 9 (7.5)
Birth order
1st
birth 27 (22.5) 15 (12.5) 0 (0) 42 (35) χ2=5.138
.273
2nd
birth 21 (17.5) 45 (37.5) 6 (5) 72 (60)
>2nd
birth 3 (2.5) 3 (2.5) 0 (0) 6 (5)
Snacking habit/day
<2 time 45 (37) 36 (30) 0 (0) 81 (67.5) χ2=22.420
.001
>2 time 6 (5) 27 (22.5) 6 (5) 39 (32.5)
Knowledge level
Poor (<60%score) 45 (37.5) 21 (17.5) 3 (2.5) 69 (57.5) χ2=12.777
.012
Fair (60%-80%) 6 (5) 27 (22.5) 3 (2.5) 36 (30)
Good (>80% score) 0 (0) 15 (12.5) 0 (0) 15 (12.5)
4. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Volume: 03 Issue: 06 | Jun-2014, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 576
Table 3: Association of Nutritional Status and Enabling factors
Enabling
Factors
Nutritional Status
Total χ2
(2-Sided)
P-Value
Under
Weight
Healthy
Weight
Over
Weight
n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%)
Accommodation type
χ2=9.681
.008
Parents 24 (20) 57 (47.5) 6 (5) 87 (72.5)
Relative or hostel 27 (22.5) 6 (5) 0 (0) 33 (27.5)
Take care
Parents 24 (20) 57 (47.5) 6 (5) 87 (72.5) χ2=9.681
.008Non parents 27 (22.5) 6 (5) 0(0) 33 (27.5)
Father occupation
Govt. employee 0 (0) 12 (10) 3 (2.5) 15 (12.5)
χ2
=17.340
.027
Non govt. employee 3 (2.5) 15 (12.5) 0 (0) 18 (15)
Farmer 21 (17.5) 6 (5) 0 (0) 27 (22.5)
Business or others 27 (22.5) 30 (25) 3 (2.5) 60 (50)
Mother occupation
Govt. employee 0 (0) 3 (2.5) 0 (0) 3 (2.5) χ2=.928
.629Housewife 51 (42.5) 60 (50) 6 (5) 117 (97.5)
Father education
Illiterate or primary 27 (22.5) 12 (10) 0 (0) 39 (32.5)
χ2=9.570
.296
High school or college 18 (15) 39 (32.5) 6 (5) 63 (52.5)
Bachelor or others 6 (5) 12 (10) 0 (0) 18 (15)
Mother education
Illiterate or primary 45 (37.5) 12 (10) 3 (2.5) 60 (50) χ2=21.683
.006High school or college 6 (5) 48 (40) 3 (2.5) 57 (47.5)
Bachelor or others 0 (0) 3 (2.5) 0 (0) 3 (2.5)
Family income/month
Low (<15000BDT) 48 (40) 6 (5) 0 (0) 54 (45)
χ2=40.245
.037
Moderate (15000-
20000 BDT)
0 (0) 21 (17.5) 3 (2.5) 24 (20)
High (>20000BDT) 3 (2.5) 36 (30) 3 (2.5) 42 (35)
Household member
Up to 5 member 30 (25) 54 (45) 6 (5) 90 (75) χ2=8.302
.081>5 member 21 (17.5) 9 (7.5) 0 (0) 30 (25)
Money for snacking / day
<10 BDT 36 (30) 9 (7.5) 0 (0) 45 (37.5) χ2=39.743
.01011-20 BDT 15 (12.5) 48 (40) 0 (0) 63 (52.5)
>20 BDT 0 (0) 6 (5) 6 (5) 12 (10)
4. DISCUSSION
4.1 Characteristic and Associations of Predisposing
Factors
Malnutrition is caused by a number of intertwining factors
that form a web of causation and enhance each other’s
effect. It is largely the by-product of poverty, insufficient
education, ignorance, low income, large family size,
occupation, etc. Many factors might relate with nutritional
status. The discussion on these related factors of children
will be presented as follows.
The proportions of male and female respondents were
57.5.0% and 42.5% respectively. This study did not find any
significant relationship between gender and nutritional status
of children (P=0.132). The same study was done by
Aghamolaei (2004) that showed no significant difference in
nutritional status between male and female [13].
The mean age of respondent in this study was 14.67 years.
The results of this study, age was not associated with
nutritional status (P=0.947).Majority of students (60%) was
second born child in the family, only 35 % was first born
child, and 5% was the third or fourth born child. But there
was no association between birth order and nutritional status
(p=0.273).
Among the students 67.5% took snacks one or two time per
day. 32.5% took snacks more than two times per day. But in
this study we found the association between snacking habit
and nutritional status (p=.001). Study in Taheran describe
that many factors such as breakfast eating habits and snack
eating habits, in the school were also influence nutritional
5. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Volume: 03 Issue: 06 | Jun-2014, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 577
status. Stunting and the habit of eating breakfast were
related to educational performance of students. Therefore
implementation of such programs in the community, such as
food intervention and nutritional education may be effective
[14].
Knowledge toward nutrition showed significant association
with nutritional status in this study (P=0.012). This result
can be support by Mii (2007), although majority of students
had poor level of knowledge (57.5%), and fair level of
knowledge (30%) and only 12.5% had good level of
knowledge, but did not use their knowledge to make healthy
food choice, this showed association between knowledge
and nutritional status [15].
4.2 Characteristic and Associations of Enabling
Factors
Considering the student's accommodation types, most of the
respondents (72.5%) lived with parents, 27.5% lived with
relatives and in hostel. There was strong significant
association between student accommodation type and
nutritional status (p=0.008) at 5% level of significance.
For most of the respondents the caretaker was parents
(72.5%) and for remaining respondents the caretakers were
relatives and others. The results of this study found
significant association between the students live with
parents was significantly association with nutritional status
(p=0.008) at 5% level of significance. Similar study in
Nepal reported that the students who take care by parents
was also significantly associated to nutritional status
(p<0.05). Feeding practices that affect a child's nutritional
status include adaptation of feeding to the child's abilities
responsiveness of the caregiver to the child (perhaps
offering additional or different foods); and selection of an
appropriate feeding context. Psychosocial care is the
provision of affection and attention to the child and
responsiveness to the child's cues. It includes physical,
visual, and verbal interactions [16].
Majority of the father’s occupation were business (50%) and
farmer (22.5%). Majority of the mother’s occupation were
housewife (97.5%). In this study father occupation was had
significant association with nutritional status (p=0.027). But
mother occupation had no association with nutritional status
(p=0.629).
Majority of the respondent parents education were in the
high school or college (father 52.5% and mother 47.5%).
32.5% father and 50% mother were illiterate or had lowest
education. There was association between mother's
education and nutritional status (p=0.05). But fathers
education had no association with nutritional status
(p=0.729). The positive and significant association between
mother education and students nutritional status indicates
the important role of education for women. This is support
by the study conducted by the International Food policy
Research Institute it had also found that half of the reason
why malnutrition fell from 40% to 23% in East Asia over
period of 1070 - 1995 was attributable to improvement in
women education [17]. Literate mothers can influence health
of their children by challenging traditional beliefs and
attitudes, leading to a greater willingness to accept
developmental initiative and utilize modern healthcare.
Study in Pakistan by Nabeela et al (2005) found Prevalence
of malnutrition was 42.3% among children of illiterate
mothers as compare to 20% in those of literate mothers [18].
Respondent’s monthly family income fluctuated from the
lower monthly income category (<15000BDT) was 45%,
middle monthly income category (15000-20000BDT) was
20% and higher monthly income category (>20000BDT)
was 35%. The mean monthly family income was
17550BDT. In this study monthly family income was
significant with nutritional status (P=0.037). Study in
Pakistan by Nabeela et al (2005) also describe that
nutritional status of children from lower socio economic
class was poor as compared to their counter parts in upper
socio-economic class. In her study she found Children with
BMI <5th percentile was 41% in lower class while in upper
class it was 19.28% [18].
In this study 75% households had less than five or five
family members and 25% households had more than five
members. In this study we found no association between
family size and nutritional status (p=0.081). A study by
Pelto et al examined the extent to which household size is
related to the nutritional status in school age children in
Mexico.
The mean spent for buying snack was 15BDT. The lowest
was 5BDT and the highest was 30BDT. The results of this
study found significant association between money for
snacking and nutritional status (p=0.010). Most of the
healthy students (40%) spent11-20BDT and most of the
underweight students (30%) spent less than 10BDT.
5. CONCLUSIONS
This cross sectional study was conducted to identify
nutritional status and understanding the association of
predisposing (gender, age, birth order, snacking habit,
knowledge towards health and nutrition) and enabling
(accommodation type, take care, parents occupation, parents
education, family income, household member, money for
snacking per day) factors among secondary school students
of four different schools located in and around TANGAIL
town. The problem of underweight found 42.5%, among
them 25% was female and 17.5% was male. The problem of
overweight was 5%. In this study we found some
independent variable as like taking snacks (P=0.001),
knowledge level P=0.012), family income (P=0.037),
mother education (P=0.006), taking care of respondents
(P=0.008), father occupation P=0.027), money for snacking
(P=0.010), accommodation type (P=0.008) have significant
association with nutritional status. Effective economic,
social and political changes, improvement in food
production, food security, personal hygiene, environmental
safeguard, maternal education, nutrition education program
especially for mothers and school children, expansion and
6. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Volume: 03 Issue: 06 | Jun-2014, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 578
strengthen the school feeding action are few interventions
and tools to bring about change in malnutrition. Government
should take effective steps and make policy concerning
health and nutrition considering prevention of malnutrition
to make a healthy nation with healthy children.
REFERENCES
[1]. Khor GL. Update on the prevalence of malnutrition
among children in Asia. Nepal Med Coll J. 2003; 5(2):113-
122.
[2]. Child and Mother Nutrition Survey of Bangladesh,
2005. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Planning Division,
Ministry of planning, Government of the People's Republic
of Bangladesh
[3]. Ahmed F Dietary pattern, nutrient intake and growth of
school children in urban Bangladesh, Public Health
Nutrition. 2005, 1:83–92
[4]. Delpeuch F, Traissac P, Martin-Pre Y, Massamba JP,
Maire B. Economic crisis and malnutrition: socioeconomic
determinants of anthropometric status of preschool children
and their mothersn in an African urban area. Public Health
Nutr 2000; 3:39–47.
[5]. Musaiger AO. Overweight and obesity in the Eastern
Mediterranean Region: can we control it? East Mediterr
Health J. 2004; 10(6):789-793.
[6]. UNICEF. Strategy for improvement of nutrition of
children and women in developing countries, New York:
UNICEF; 1990.
[7]. Govt. of India (2002) .Census of India 2001. Provisional
population totals, paper 1of 2001.
[8]. Suryanarayana MH. Morbidity Profiles of Kerala and
All-India: An Economic Perspective. Mumbai: Indira
Gandhi Institute of De velopment Research; 2008.
[9]. World Health Organization. STEPS Field manual
guidelines for field staff. The WHO step wise approach to
surveillance of non communicable diseases (STEPS).
WHO/NMH/CCS/03.05. Geneva 2003:38-39.
[10]. Clinical Growth Charts.
[http://www.cdc.gov/growthcharts/clinical_charts.htm].
[11]. Shultz KS, David J, Whitney. Measurement Theory in
Action, Case Study and Exercises, California state
university; Sage publication, London, 2005
[12]. Krebs NF, Jacobson MS; American Academy of
Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition. Prevention of pediatric
overweight and obesity; Pediatrics, 2003; 112(2):424–30
[13]. Aghamolaei T, Sobhani A. Anthropometric Evaluation
of Nutritional Status. In Primary School Students At Bandar
Abbas Turns Publications 2004. Tehran University of
Medical Sciences Publications [cited 2008 Jan 27].
Available from:
http://diglib.tums.ac.ir/pub/abstract.asp?magh_id=231&issu
=2(3)&tarikh=2004
[14]. Alavi Naeini SM, Jazayeri SA, Moghaddam BN,
Afrooz Gh.A, Behboodi. The effects of taking snacks on the
learning ability and educational achievement of elementary
school children.1997-98[cited 2008 Jan 19] . Available
from:
http://diglib.tums.ac.ir/pub/abstract.asp?magh_id=5517&iss
u=58(1)&tarikh=20
[15]. Mii A. Factors related to healthy eating behaviours
among first year Mahidol University students, in Salaya,
Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. [M.P.H.M. Thesis in Primary
Health Care Management] Nakhonpathom: Faculty of
Graduate Studies, Mahidol University; 2007
[16]. Engle PL, Menon P, Haddad L. Care and Nutrition:
Concepts and Measurement. California Polytechnic State
University, International Food Policy Research Institute,
Washington DC, USA. World Development.1999 Aug;
27(Issue 8):1309-1337. [Cited 2008 Feb 27]. Available
from: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VC6-
3X5HB4
[17]. Smith, LC, Haddad L. Explaining child malnutrition in
developing countries: A cross sectional analysis.
Washington: International Food Policy Research Institute;
2000. Research Report 111 [cited 2008 Feb 10]. Available
from:
http://diglib.tums.ac.ir/pub/abstract.asp?magh_id=2605&iss
u=6
[18]. Nabeela FB, Rizwana M, Muhammad AK, Seema I.
Impact of Socioeconomic Factors on Nutritional Status in
Primary School Children.2005. J Ayub Med Coll
Abbottabad 2010; 22(4); Available from:
http://www.ayubmed.edu.pk/JAMC/PAST/22-4/Nabeela.pdf