5. 1.Dr.Norman Borlaug:- (1914-2009
Norman Ernest Borlaug was an American agronomist, humanitarian and Nobel
laureate who has been called "the father of the Green Revolution", "agriculture's
greatest spokesperson"
and "The Man Who Saved A Billion Lives".
Born
: March 25, 1914, Cresco, Iowa, United States
Died
: September 12, 2009, Dallas, Texas, United States
Nationality
: American
Education
: University of Minnesota
Awards
: Nobel Peace Prize, Congressional Gold Medal, More
6. Dr . Norman Borlaug :-
Norman Ernest Borlaug, (born March
25, 1914, Cresco, Iowa, U.S.—died Sept.
12, 2009, Dallas, Texas), American agricultural
scientist, plant pathologist, and winner of the Nobel Prize for Peace in
1970. He was one of those who laid the groundwork of the socalled Green Revolution, the agricultural technological advance that
promised to alleviate world hunger.
7. Dr. Norman Borlaug Studies :-
Borlaug studied plant biology and forestry at the University
of Minnesota and earned a Ph.D. in plant pathology there
in 1941. From 1944 to 1960 he served as a research
scientist at the Rockefeller Foundation’s Cooperative
Mexican Agricultural Program in Mexico. Borlaug’s work
was founded on earlier discoveries of ways to induce
genetic mutations in plants. These methods led to modern
plant breeding, with momentous results that included the
tailoring of crop varieties for regions of climatic extremes.
At a research station at Campo Atizapan he developed
strains of grain that dramatically increased crop yields.
Borlaug ultimately developed short-stemmed
("dwarf") wheat, a key element in the Green Revolution in
developing countries.
8. FATHER OF THE GREEN REVOLUTION:The Green Revolution resulted in increased production
of food grains (especially wheat and rice) and was in large part
due to the introduction into developing countries of new, highyielding varieties, beginning in the mid-20th century with
Borlaug’s work. Its early dramatic successes were in Mexico
and on the Indian subcontinent. Wheat production in Mexico
multiplied threefold in the time that Borlaug worked with the
Mexican government. In addition, dwarf wheat imported in the
mid-1960s was responsible for a 60 percent increase in
harvests in Pakistan and India. Borlaug also created a wheatrye hybrid known as triticale. The increased yields resulting from
Borlaug’s new strains enabled many developing countries to
become agriculturally self-sufficient. However, since their
introduction, those varieties were discovered to require large
amounts of chemical fertilizers and pesticides to produce their
high yields, raising concerns about cost and potentially harmful
environmental effects. As a result, newer varieties of food
grains, which are not only high-yielding but also resistant to
local pests and diseases, have been developed.
9. Normans Works And
Contribution :Borlaug served as director of the Inter-American Food
Crop Program (1960–63) and as director of the
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center,
Mexico City, from 1964 to 1979. In 1986 Borlaug
created the World Food Prize as a way to honor
individuals who have contributed to improving the
availability and quality of food worldwide. In constant
demand as a consultant, Borlaug served on
numerous committees and advisory panels on
agriculture, population control, and renewable
resources. He also taught at Texas A&M University
(1984–2009), where the Norman Borlaug Institute for
International Agriculture was established in 2006. His
numerous other honors include the Presidential
Medal of Freedom (1977) and the Congressional
Gold Medal (2007).
12. Chidambaram Subramaniam:(1910-2000)
Born On
:
Born In
:
Died On
:
Career
:
Nationality :
January 30, 1910
Senguttaipalayam, Tamil Nadu
November 7, 2000
Freedom Fighter, Political Leader
Indian
13. INTRODUCTION: Ministers are elected to the cabinets. They come, serve
the term, and are elected again for yet another cabinet.
Very few are able to justify their positions by contributing
to the concerned ministry that they are appointed for.
One such honorable and commendable minister was
Chidambaram Subramaniam who, as a food
minister, transformed the nation into a self-productive
factory of wheat. Popularly known as the political
architect of the "green revolution" in India, Subramaniam
utilized his formidable skills in spreading the use of a new
variety of wheat to millions of farmers, making India
capable of harvesting wheat on homeland rather than
importing. Besides, he was successful in supporting a
new program for selling hybrid seeds, fertilizers, and
pesticides at heavy subsidized rates. With
14. Early Life: Early Life Chidambaram Subramaniam was born to
Chidambara Goudner and his wife in a village named
Senguttaipalayam near Coimbatore district, in the
present state of Tamil Nadu. After completing his early
education in Pollachi, he went to Chennai to take
admission in Presidency College to pursue a bachelor's
degree in physics. Thereafter, he studied law at Law
College in Chennai.
15. Political Career : In 1952, Subramaniam began his political career, after
being trained in the basics of politics and administration
under Rajaji. He started off as a Minister of Education,
Law and Finance in Madras State from 1952 to 1962.
With this, he served as the leader in Madras Legislative
Assembly for 10 years. He was, then, elected in Lok
Sabha in 1962 and appointed as Minister for Steel and
Mines. Eventually, he was given diverse portfolios to
handle, like Agriculture in 1965, followed by finance and
defense later on. With the Congress Party undergoing
the split crisis in 1969, Subramaniam chose to side Indira
Gandhi and hence, became the interim president of the
16. Position in the Government: However, he chose to part ways with her post-
Emergency and joined Congress (Urs) Party, headed
by Devraj Urs. He was also designated as the
Deputy Chairperson of the Planning Commission of
India during 1971-72. In 1990, he became the
Governor of Maharashtra and conducted frequent
meetings with leading
academics, industrialists, representatives of nongovernmental organizations, and prominent citizens
on critical issues of the society, thereby transforming
the Raj Bhavan into a common activity zone. But to
his dismay, he was forced to resign after newspaper
17. Contributions to India
Prior to joining full-fledged politics, Subramaniam
plunged into the freedom struggle strongly and was
even imprisoned for his active participation. Later
on, he was elected to the Constituent Assembly and
was also involved in structuring the Constitution of
India. Amongst all his achievements and
contributions, his best accomplishment has been the
development of India's agricultural policy. After
convincing the then Prime Minister of India, Lal
Bahadur Shastri, and implementing the
program, India was able to deliver a record
production of wheat in 1972. This proved to be a
18. Awarded Bharat Ratna to
He was further involved in introducing highyielding varieties of seeds and more intensive
application of fertilizers which gave way for
increasing the output of cereals in the late 1960s.
He founded the National Agro Foundation at
Chennai and Bharathidasan Institute of
Management at Tiruchirappalli. Amongst all the
proteges that Subramaniam produced, the most
prominent include M.S. Swaminathan, former
Agriculture Secretary B. Sivaraman, and
Verghese Kurien. In 1998, he was conferred
19. Death : Chidambaram Subramaniam died on
November 7, 2000 in Chennai, thereby
ending the golden era of green revolution
with him. He was 90.
20. Timeline: 1910
: Born in
Senguttaipalayam, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu
1952-62
: Served as Minister of Education, Law and
Finance in Madras
State
1962
: Elected to Lok Sabha and became
Minister of Steel and Mines
1965
: Appointed as Minister of Agriculture and
handled the Green
Revolution
1969
: Supported Indira Gandhi on the split of
Congress Party
1971-72
: Became Deputy Chairperson of the
22. 3. M. S. Swaminathan :- (1925- till now)
Monkombu Sambasivan Swaminathan is an Indian agriculture scientist,
Born in August 7, 1925, in Kumbakonam, Tamilnadu. He was the second of
four sons of a surgeon. His ancestral home is the island village of
Monkompu, Alleppey District, Kerala. He is known as the "Father of the
Green Revolution in India" , for his leadership and success in introducing
and further developing high-yielding varieties of wheat in India. He is the
founder and Chairman of the MS Swaminathan Research
Foundation. His stated vision is to rid the world of
hunger and poverty. Dr. Swaminathan is an advocate of
moving India to sustainable development, especially using
environmentally sustainable agriculture, sustainable food security and the
preservation of biodiversity, which he calls an "evergreen revolution"
23. Contribution towards Green
Revolution:A renowned scientist-statesman, Professor M S
Swaminathan brings to his work the compassion of a
humanist, critical and exploratory ability of a scientist
and the philosophy vision of a planetary citizen.
His scientific research for food and nutrition security
has the overarching commitment to ecological
preservation, poverty eradication, empowerment of
women, social equity and above all promotion of
human and moral values.
Mahatma Gandhi's concepts of sarvodaya and
antyodaya remain central to his scientific work.
Dr Anwarl Dil's book outlines his outstanding
contributions to the success of the green revolution
and his efforts to transform it to an ever-green
revolution by making it pro-nature, pro-women and
pro-poor
24. M.S. Swaminathan is known as father of
India's
2nd green revolution
M.S Swaminathan is known as father of India's 2nd
green revolution. The year 2004 is some what termed
as 2nd green revolution in India, it is also known as
Rainbow revolution.
It mainly deals with increase in production of next
generation food grains The GOI as a effort to make
2nd green revolution implemented following
programmes
a) National horticulture mission-2005(objective):
doubling of horticulture production ie 300 million
tonne
b) Rashtriya krishi vikas yojana-2007(objective):
increase in 4% of agricultural growth c) National
food security mission-2007(objective: rice by 10
million tonne, wheat by 8 million tonne and
pulses by 2million tonne) However a full fledged
2nd green revolution has still not been able to be
achieved.
25. M.S.SWAMINATHAN’S POSITION AND TRIUTES :-
Swaminathan has been recognized with a number of national
and international awards, including Padma Shri (1967),
Padma Bhushan (1972), Padma Vibhushan (1989), the
Ramon Magsaysay Award for Community Leadership (1971),
and the Albert Einstein World Award on Science (1986). He
was the first laureate of the World Food Prize (1987) that is
regarded as the Nobel Prize in Agriculture. Currently
Swaminathan holds the UNESCO Chair in Ecotechnology at
the M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF),
26. HAVE A NICE DAY !!!!
PRESENTED BY
K.K.SANTHOSH – IX-B
GREEN PARK INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL
