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Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy by removing or expelling the fetus or embryo from the uterus before viability. There are two main types of abortion: induced abortions, which comprise over a third of all pregnancies worldwide, and spontaneous abortions (miscarriages). Methods of induced abortion include medical abortions using abortifacient drugs and surgical abortions using suction or manual vacuum aspiration. Psychological consequences of abortion may include guilt, sadness, hostility, insomnia, difficulty concentrating, and in rare cases suicide attempts. Physical risks include infection, hemorrhage, sterility, and other complications.
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Abortion
The document discusses abortion from various perspectives. It defines different types of abortion including natural, direct, therapeutic, eugenic, and indirect abortion. It examines abortion in the Philippine context and discusses potential reasons for abortion as well as arguments both against and for abortion. Key terms related to abortion and human development are also defined.
Two way umbilical cord
A talk given describing the maternal-fetal bonding process prior to birth that shows mothers when the fetus develops senses in utero
Abortion
This document provides an overview of abortion including definitions, religious and moral perspectives on when life begins, laws regarding abortion in the UK, and arguments from those who are pro-life and pro-choice. It discusses how Catholics believe life begins at conception while some Protestants believe it begins at viability. UK law allows for abortion up to 24 weeks for health or disability reasons. Pro-life advocates believe abortion is murder while pro-choice supporters believe a woman has autonomy over her own body.
Prenatal
Prenatal development is influenced by genes and chromosomes from both parents that are passed down during conception. The zygote contains the genetic material from both the egg and sperm that will determine the traits of the developing fetus. Multiple factors can threaten healthy prenatal growth, including teratogens, the mother's health and lifestyle during pregnancy, and environmental influences. Genetics and environment both play a role in shaping development, personality, and risk of psychological disorders.
Prenatal development
This document summarizes prenatal human development from fertilization through fetal development and birth. It describes the processes of fertilization, the 8-week embryonic period of rapid cell division and organ development, fetal development in the second and third trimesters including physical changes and movements, potential congenital abnormalities and their causes, maternal factors that can influence development, preterm birth, and risk factors for pregnancy complications.
Modern Ethical Issues on CONTRACEPTIONS
Contraception prevents pregnancy through various methods that interfere with ovulation, fertilization, or implantation. Some view contraception as morally wrong because it is seen as unnatural, anti-life, a form of abortion, or separates sex from reproduction. However, most major religious denominations support the use of contraception for responsible family planning. While the Catholic Church opposes contraception, Pope Francis stated that avoiding pregnancy is not an absolute evil.
290 prenatal developmentppt
The document summarizes prenatal development from fertilization through the three main stages: germinal, embryonic, and fetal. It describes the key events that occur during each period such as organ formation and physical changes. It also discusses potential hazards to development like teratogens, drugs, diseases, nutrition, stress, and maternal age. The summary emphasizes educating mothers about prenatal hazards to promote a healthy pregnancy and baby.
Prenatal development ppt (2) final
The document outlines the stages of prenatal development from conception through birth. It describes the germinal stage where the blastocyst implants and the embryonic stage where major organs begin developing. During the fetal stage, bones form and the fetus can move. The document also discusses influences on prenatal development like maternal health, nutrition, stress, and teratogens that can negatively impact the fetus.
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Abortion
The document discusses abortion from various perspectives. It defines different types of abortion including natural, direct, therapeutic, eugenic, and indirect abortion. It examines abortion in the Philippine context and discusses potential reasons for abortion as well as arguments both against and for abortion. Key terms related to abortion and human development are also defined.
Two way umbilical cord
A talk given describing the maternal-fetal bonding process prior to birth that shows mothers when the fetus develops senses in utero
Abortion
This document provides an overview of abortion including definitions, religious and moral perspectives on when life begins, laws regarding abortion in the UK, and arguments from those who are pro-life and pro-choice. It discusses how Catholics believe life begins at conception while some Protestants believe it begins at viability. UK law allows for abortion up to 24 weeks for health or disability reasons. Pro-life advocates believe abortion is murder while pro-choice supporters believe a woman has autonomy over her own body.
Prenatal
Prenatal development is influenced by genes and chromosomes from both parents that are passed down during conception. The zygote contains the genetic material from both the egg and sperm that will determine the traits of the developing fetus. Multiple factors can threaten healthy prenatal growth, including teratogens, the mother's health and lifestyle during pregnancy, and environmental influences. Genetics and environment both play a role in shaping development, personality, and risk of psychological disorders.
Prenatal development
This document summarizes prenatal human development from fertilization through fetal development and birth. It describes the processes of fertilization, the 8-week embryonic period of rapid cell division and organ development, fetal development in the second and third trimesters including physical changes and movements, potential congenital abnormalities and their causes, maternal factors that can influence development, preterm birth, and risk factors for pregnancy complications.
Modern Ethical Issues on CONTRACEPTIONS
Contraception prevents pregnancy through various methods that interfere with ovulation, fertilization, or implantation. Some view contraception as morally wrong because it is seen as unnatural, anti-life, a form of abortion, or separates sex from reproduction. However, most major religious denominations support the use of contraception for responsible family planning. While the Catholic Church opposes contraception, Pope Francis stated that avoiding pregnancy is not an absolute evil.
290 prenatal developmentppt
The document summarizes prenatal development from fertilization through the three main stages: germinal, embryonic, and fetal. It describes the key events that occur during each period such as organ formation and physical changes. It also discusses potential hazards to development like teratogens, drugs, diseases, nutrition, stress, and maternal age. The summary emphasizes educating mothers about prenatal hazards to promote a healthy pregnancy and baby.
Prenatal development ppt (2) final
The document outlines the stages of prenatal development from conception through birth. It describes the germinal stage where the blastocyst implants and the embryonic stage where major organs begin developing. During the fetal stage, bones form and the fetus can move. The document also discusses influences on prenatal development like maternal health, nutrition, stress, and teratogens that can negatively impact the fetus.
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Pro life abortion - Another word for this movement is pro-life (meaning support for life). These people think that abortion is wrong and that the law should not allow it. On the other hand, people who think the law should let women decide whether to have abortions are called pro-choice.
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This document discusses the ethics of abortion from multiple perspectives. It outlines the views of those who are pro-life and see abortion as equivalent to murder, as well as those who are pro-choice and support a woman's right to choose. The document also examines philosophical views on abortion from thinkers like Kant and Bentham. Additionally, it discusses the role of nurses and clinicians in understanding ethical principles to assist patients grappling with this complex issue. Overall, the document presents abortion as a controversial topic that involves considerations of ethics, law, religion, women's rights, and philosophical debates around personhood.
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Abortion ends a pregnancy by killing the developing human being. While some women choose abortion due to financial constraints, family size preferences, or health issues, it is a painful procedure that can cause physical, emotional, and psychological problems. Many major world religions consider abortion to be against their doctrines. Adoption and seeking help from family or friends are alternatives presented.
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The document summarizes prenatal development from conception through birth. It describes the germinal, embryonic, and fetal periods and key developmental milestones. Risks to the developing fetus from genetic factors, environmental teratogens, and birth complications are discussed. The challenges of preterm birth and low birthweight are also covered.
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Growth and development of the neonate involves significant physiological adjustments as the newborn transitions from fetal to extrauterine life. Key changes include:
1. Establishing respiration and circulation as the lungs expand and pulmonary and systemic blood flow is reconfigured.
2. Thermoregulation and establishing temperature control as the newborn adapts to the external environment.
3. Maturation of various organ systems like the gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and integumentary systems as functional abilities develop postnatally.
The document provides details on the timeline of fetal development and principles of neonatal growth and development, outlining the physiological status and adjustments of major organ systems in the critical neonatal period.
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Postpartum psychological issues can range from mild baby blues to severe postpartum psychosis. Baby blues affects 50% of women and involves mood swings and crying for a week after delivery. Postpartum depression occurs in 10-20% of women, with symptoms like sadness and fatigue lasting over two weeks. Postpartum psychosis is the most severe, affecting 1 in 1000 women, with symptoms like hallucinations and delusions starting within 4 days of delivery. Risk factors include family history of mental illness and lack of social support. Treatment depends on severity but includes counseling, medication, and in severe cases hospitalization.
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This document provides information on the legal, ethical, and moral perspectives on abortion. Legally, abortion laws vary by state and country, with some banning it altogether while others allow it freely. Ethically, those who are pro-life argue that abortion is wrong because it kills an innocent human life, while pro-choice advocates state that a fetus is not necessarily a person and a woman has moral rights over her own body. Morally, there are differing views on when life begins, a woman's right to choose vs the right to life, whether abortion constitutes murder, and if seeking abortion is morally acceptable. The document explores arguments from both sides of this complex issue.
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The document discusses male and female reproductive systems and puberty. It describes the openings in the male and female reproductive systems. For females, it notes the three openings: the urethra for urine, the vagina where menstrual flow exits, and the anus. It also discusses menstruation and what occurs during ovulation and the menstrual cycle. The document provides tips for girls going through puberty, including caring for skin and hair, managing cramps, and being prepared for their period. It stresses forming healthy relationships and understanding normal feelings of curiosity during puberty.
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Prenatal Develepment & Birth
This document summarizes key aspects of prenatal development from conception through birth in 3 stages: germinal, embryonic, and fetal. It discusses genetics, factors that influence development, potential complications, and the birth process. Common tests like the Apgar test are also outlined.
Prenatal development birth
Prenatal development occurs in three stages: germinal, embryonic, and fetal. During the germinal stage, the fertilized egg implants in the uterus and begins cell division. In the embryonic stage, organs begin to form through organogenesis. The fetal period begins at 8 weeks when organogenesis is complete and the fetus continues growing and developing until birth. Risks during prenatal development include teratogens like alcohol, drugs, and infections from the mother. Critical periods of development include implantation and organogenesis when the fetus is most vulnerable. The birth process involves three stages of labor and delivery options like Lamaze or home birth. Assessments of the neonate include Apgar scores and routine tests are done to prevent issues.
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Previous work has demonstrated that stressful events or experiences during pregnancy can have deleterious effects on the development of a child [...]
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Preterm is the one who all are born before 37 weeks of gestation they require special care because of their immature body system and immunity
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This document outlines the development of an unborn fetus from conception to birth in 3 week increments. It describes how all major organs and body systems are established by week 8. Different viewpoints and abortion methods are discussed. The conservative view is that abortion is never permissible, while the liberal view is that it should always be a woman's choice. Moderate views support abortion only up to a certain stage of development or for limited reasons. Common abortion methods include drugs, dilation and curettage, and hysterotomy. Biblical and philosophical arguments are presented by both pro-life and pro-choice positions regarding when life begins and personhood.
BIOETHICS AND ABORTION.pdf
Unintended pregnancies are pregnancies that are mistimed, unplanned or unwanted at the time of conception. Sexual activity without the use of effective contraception through choice or coercion is the predominant cause of unintended pregnancy. Women have a moral right to decide what to do with their bodies
The right to abortion is vital for gender equality
The right to abortion is vital for individual women to achieve their full potential. Medical abortions are those induced by abortifacient pharmaceuticals. Medical abortion regimens involving mifepristone followed by misoprostol in the cheek between 24 and 48 hours later are effective when performed before 70 days' gestation very early abortions, up to 7 weeks gestation, medical abortion using a mifepristone–Up to 15 weeks gestation, suction-aspiration or vacuum aspiration are the most common surgical methods of induced abortion. Manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) consists of removing the fetus or embryo, placenta, and membranes by suction using a manual syringe, while electric vacuum aspiration (EVA) uses an electric pump. These techniques can both be used very early in pregnancy. MVA can be used up to 14 weeks but is more often used earlier in the U.S. EVA can be used later misoprostol combination regimen is considered to be more effective than surgical abortion (vacuum aspiration), especially when clinical practice does not include a detailed inspection of aspirated tissue.[61] Early medical abortion regimens using mifepristone, followed 24–48 hours later by buccal or vaginal misoprostol are 98% effective up to 9 weeks gestational age; from 9 to 10 weeks efficacy decreases modestly to 94%. If medical abortion fails, surgical abortion must be used to complete the procedure.
abortion
This document provides an overview of abortion in the Philippines, including:
1) Definitions of abortion and perspectives on its morality from conservative, liberal, and moderate views.
2) Historical practices of abortion in ancient Greece and its illegality in the Philippines according to the constitution and penal code.
3) Traditional folk methods of inducing abortion like using herbs or physical pressure, as well as modern medical methods.
4) Potential physical and psychological effects of abortion on women's health.
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This document discusses the ethics of abortion from multiple perspectives. It outlines the views of those who are pro-life and see abortion as equivalent to murder, as well as those who are pro-choice and support a woman's right to choose. The document also examines philosophical views on abortion from thinkers like Kant and Bentham. Additionally, it discusses the role of nurses and clinicians in understanding ethical principles to assist patients grappling with this complex issue. Overall, the document presents abortion as a controversial topic that involves considerations of ethics, law, religion, women's rights, and philosophical debates around personhood.
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The document summarizes prenatal development from conception through birth. It describes the germinal, embryonic, and fetal periods and key developmental milestones. Risks to the developing fetus from genetic factors, environmental teratogens, and birth complications are discussed. The challenges of preterm birth and low birthweight are also covered.
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Demonstrate insight and understanding into the various environmental factors that influence the pre – natal period
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This document discusses perinatal loss and grief. It covers the uniqueness of perinatal grief, statistics on frequency of loss, the diagnosis process, risk factors, the history of understanding perinatal grief, Davidson's four phases of bereavement, differences in how men and women grieve, tools and considerations for different cultures, the role of physicians, nursing care best practices, guidance for subsequent pregnancies, and resources for support.
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Issues in prenatal development- this presentation discusses the impacts of genetic and environmental factors towards a developing fetus. created in partial fulfillment of Pysch- 1170
Growth and development of neonate (1)
Growth and development of the neonate involves significant physiological adjustments as the newborn transitions from fetal to extrauterine life. Key changes include:
1. Establishing respiration and circulation as the lungs expand and pulmonary and systemic blood flow is reconfigured.
2. Thermoregulation and establishing temperature control as the newborn adapts to the external environment.
3. Maturation of various organ systems like the gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and integumentary systems as functional abilities develop postnatally.
The document provides details on the timeline of fetal development and principles of neonatal growth and development, outlining the physiological status and adjustments of major organ systems in the critical neonatal period.
Psychological disorders during puerperium
Postpartum psychological issues can range from mild baby blues to severe postpartum psychosis. Baby blues affects 50% of women and involves mood swings and crying for a week after delivery. Postpartum depression occurs in 10-20% of women, with symptoms like sadness and fatigue lasting over two weeks. Postpartum psychosis is the most severe, affecting 1 in 1000 women, with symptoms like hallucinations and delusions starting within 4 days of delivery. Risk factors include family history of mental illness and lack of social support. Treatment depends on severity but includes counseling, medication, and in severe cases hospitalization.
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A Surrogate is a process of arrangement for women to carry and give birth to a child who will be raised by others. For more info visit http://ivfsurrogacy.com/surrogacy-india/
Abortion: ethical, moral and religious view
This document provides information on the legal, ethical, and moral perspectives on abortion. Legally, abortion laws vary by state and country, with some banning it altogether while others allow it freely. Ethically, those who are pro-life argue that abortion is wrong because it kills an innocent human life, while pro-choice advocates state that a fetus is not necessarily a person and a woman has moral rights over her own body. Morally, there are differing views on when life begins, a woman's right to choose vs the right to life, whether abortion constitutes murder, and if seeking abortion is morally acceptable. The document explores arguments from both sides of this complex issue.
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The document discusses male and female reproductive systems and puberty. It describes the openings in the male and female reproductive systems. For females, it notes the three openings: the urethra for urine, the vagina where menstrual flow exits, and the anus. It also discusses menstruation and what occurs during ovulation and the menstrual cycle. The document provides tips for girls going through puberty, including caring for skin and hair, managing cramps, and being prepared for their period. It stresses forming healthy relationships and understanding normal feelings of curiosity during puberty.
Socialprob
The document appears to be a research paper on why teen pregnancy is considered a social problem. It includes a list of references and sources on statistics related to teen pregnancy in the United States. The document suggests that pregnant teens are less likely to receive prenatal care and that teen pregnancy can impact teens by making them feel stressed, exhausted, depressed, and overwhelmed as they balance the responsibilities of parenting with normal teenage activities.
Prenatal Develepment & Birth
This document summarizes key aspects of prenatal development from conception through birth in 3 stages: germinal, embryonic, and fetal. It discusses genetics, factors that influence development, potential complications, and the birth process. Common tests like the Apgar test are also outlined.
Prenatal development birth
Prenatal development occurs in three stages: germinal, embryonic, and fetal. During the germinal stage, the fertilized egg implants in the uterus and begins cell division. In the embryonic stage, organs begin to form through organogenesis. The fetal period begins at 8 weeks when organogenesis is complete and the fetus continues growing and developing until birth. Risks during prenatal development include teratogens like alcohol, drugs, and infections from the mother. Critical periods of development include implantation and organogenesis when the fetus is most vulnerable. The birth process involves three stages of labor and delivery options like Lamaze or home birth. Assessments of the neonate include Apgar scores and routine tests are done to prevent issues.
Maternal Stress And Offsprings Development
Previous work has demonstrated that stressful events or experiences during pregnancy can have deleterious effects on the development of a child [...]
Care of pre term
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The right to abortion is vital for individual women to achieve their full potential. Medical abortions are those induced by abortifacient pharmaceuticals. Medical abortion regimens involving mifepristone followed by misoprostol in the cheek between 24 and 48 hours later are effective when performed before 70 days' gestation very early abortions, up to 7 weeks gestation, medical abortion using a mifepristone–Up to 15 weeks gestation, suction-aspiration or vacuum aspiration are the most common surgical methods of induced abortion. Manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) consists of removing the fetus or embryo, placenta, and membranes by suction using a manual syringe, while electric vacuum aspiration (EVA) uses an electric pump. These techniques can both be used very early in pregnancy. MVA can be used up to 14 weeks but is more often used earlier in the U.S. EVA can be used later misoprostol combination regimen is considered to be more effective than surgical abortion (vacuum aspiration), especially when clinical practice does not include a detailed inspection of aspirated tissue.[61] Early medical abortion regimens using mifepristone, followed 24–48 hours later by buccal or vaginal misoprostol are 98% effective up to 9 weeks gestational age; from 9 to 10 weeks efficacy decreases modestly to 94%. If medical abortion fails, surgical abortion must be used to complete the procedure.
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This document provides an overview of abortion in the Philippines, including:
1) Definitions of abortion and perspectives on its morality from conservative, liberal, and moderate views.
2) Historical practices of abortion in ancient Greece and its illegality in the Philippines according to the constitution and penal code.
3) Traditional folk methods of inducing abortion like using herbs or physical pressure, as well as modern medical methods.
4) Potential physical and psychological effects of abortion on women's health.
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An abortion is the termination of a pregnancy before birth, resulting in the death of the embryo or fetus. There are two main types: a miscarriage which occurs naturally, and an induced abortion which is deliberate. In the UK, abortion is legal under 24 weeks if approved by two doctors. Common abortion methods include medical abortion using abortion pills for early pregnancies, and vacuum aspiration for pregnancies under 13 weeks. There are potential physical and psychological side effects of abortion including an increased risk of miscarriage, infertility, ectopic pregnancy, breast cancer, as well as mental health issues like depression, guilt, and trauma. Complications can also include uterine hemorrhage, infection, and in rare cases, death.
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This document provides an overview of infertility, including:
1. It defines infertility as the inability to conceive after 12 months of unprotected sex.
2. The causes of infertility can include problems with ovulation, the fallopian tubes, sperm quality, or other issues in both men and women.
3. Diagnosis involves tests like ultrasounds, laparoscopy, and hormone level checks. Treatment options range from fertility drugs to assisted reproduction techniques like IVF, IUI, and ICSI.
Assisted reproductive technology (ART)
ART refers to methods used to achieve pregnancy by artificial or partially artificial means.
• INCLUDES- artificial insemination, In vitro fertilization (IVF) , Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT) or Tubal Embryo Transfer, Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) , Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
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IVF involves fertilizing eggs with sperm in a lab and then transferring the embryos into the uterus. It is the most common form of assisted reproductive technology. The IVF process typically involves ovarian stimulation with fertility drugs, egg retrieval, fertilization, embryo culture, and embryo transfer. Success rates vary depending on factors like the woman's age but are around 40% for women aged 34 and under. IVF can cost $12,400 on average per cycle in the US.
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Infertility
The cause of infertility may be difficult to determine but may include inadequate levels of certain hormones in both men and women, and trouble with ovulation in women.
Abortion ahmed mukhtar
ahmed mukhtar
Consultant and Lecturer of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of
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In vitrofertilization(ivf)
In vitro fertilization (IVF) involves retrieving eggs from a woman's ovaries and fertilizing them with sperm in a lab. The fertilized embryo can then be transferred to the woman's uterus. IVF is used to overcome infertility issues like blocked or damaged fallopian tubes, reduced ovarian function, endometriosis, or male factor infertility. The IVF process includes ovarian stimulation with hormones, egg retrieval from the ovaries, fertilization of the eggs with sperm in the lab, and embryo transfer back into the uterus. Success rates for live birth with IVF are 41-43% for women under 35 but decline to 13-18% for women over 40.
OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGICAL NURSING- HIGH RISK PREGNANCY ABORTION.pptx
The students will be able to
*define abortion
*Identify the difference between various types of abortion
*Perform medical induction for abortion
*Describe various surgical techniques used for abortion
*Detect the consequences that occur by abortion and provide appropriate care
Abortion or pregnancy loss is accounts to spontaneous events or through legal termination.
The first large scale study on abortions and unintended pregnancies conducted by The Lancet in 2017 said one in three of the 48.1 million pregnancies in India end in an abortion with 15.6 million taking place in 2015.
*Definition
*Types of abortion- Spontaneous, Induced, Complete abortion, Incomplete abortion, Missed abortion, Recurrent abortion, Induced abortion
*Risk factors,
*etiology, mechanism,
* clinical manifestations of each type
*Management – medical & surgical
Nursing management
Abortion is the expulsion or extraction from its mother of an embryo or fetus weighing 500 gm or less when it is not capable of independent survival
-WHO
The 500gm of fetal development is attained
approximately at 22 weeks(154 days of gestation).
The expelled embryo or fetus is called abortus
Abortion is the cause for bleeding in early pregnancy.
Abortion occurring without medical or mechanical means to empty the uterus is referred to as spontaneous.
Another widely used term is miscarriage.
10-20% of cases of all clinical pregnancies end in miscarriage.
About 75%miscarriages –before 16th week
About 80% occur –before 12th week of pregnancy.
Increases with parity
Increased maternal and paternal age
The frequency of abortion increases from 12% in women younger than 20 years to 26% in those older than 40 years
Women conceiving within 3 months following a term birth, have a higher incidence of abortion
Anembryonic Gestational sac
- Positive HCG test as placenta secretes HCG and stops later
Presents in first few weeks of pregnancy
Removal through medical or surgical induction
Uncommon causes of abortion in human
Listeria monocytogenes
Clamydia trachomatis
Mycoplasma hominis
Ureaplasma urealyticum
Toxoplasma gondii
Diabetes mellitus
Celiac sprue
Cause both male and female infertility and recurrent abortions
ENDOCRINE ABNORMALITIES
Hypothyroidism
Thyroid autoantibodies → incidence of abortion is high
Diabetes mellitus
Poor glucose control → incidence of abortion increased
Progesterone deficiency
Luteal phase defect
Insufficient progesterone secretion by the corpus luteum or placenta
DRUG USE AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
Recurrent pregnancy loss patients : 15%
Antiphospholipid antibody : most significant
LCA (lupus anticoagulant), ACA (anticardiolipin Ab)
ALLOIMMUNE FACTORS
- Inherited thrombophilia
Uterine synechiae (Asherman syndrome)
Partial or complete obliteration of the uterine cavity by adherence of uterine wall
The retention power of the cervix(Internal os) may be impaired functionally and or anatomically in an incompetent cervix
Etiology
Previous trauma during pregnancy
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The arbotion
- 1. THE ARBOTION -Itzy Espinoza -Carlos González -Soani López -Roberto Smith -Johanny Soberon
- 2. WHAT IS ABORTION? Abortion is the termination of pregnancy by the removal or expulsion from the uterus of a fetus or embryo before via bility.
- 3. KINDS OF ABORTION Induced:Approximately 205 million pregnancies occur each year worldwide. Over a third are unintended and about a fifth end in induced abortion. Most abortions result from unintended pregnancies. Spontaneous:Spontaneous abortion, also known as miscarriage, is the unintentional expulsion of an embryo or fetus before the 24th week of gestation. A pregnancy that ends before 37 weeks of gestation resulting in a live-born infant is known as a "premature birth" or a "preterm birth".
- 4. METHODS OF ABORTION Medical:Medical abortions are those induced by abortifacient pharmaceuticals. Medical abortion became an alternative method of abortion with the availability of prostaglandin analogs in the 1970s and the antiprogestogen mifepristone in the 1980s. Surgical:Up to 15 weeks' gestation, suction-aspiration or vacuum aspiration are the most common surgical methods of induced abortion. Manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) consists of removing the fetus or embryo, placenta, and membranes by suction using a manual syringe, while electric vacuum aspiration (EVA) uses an electric pump.
- 5. PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES Possible psychological consequences that come with abortion: Guilt. The woman presents reactions of hostility, anger or sadness. want to punish abusive relationships or seeking isolation from friends and family. Some women experience anorexia nervosa.
- 6. -THEY EXPERIENCE INSOMNIA, THINKING OF THE ABORTION OR THE BABY. -THEY LOSE THE ABILITY TO CONCENTRATE ON STUDIES OR WORK. - APPROACHES SUICIDE AND SUICIDE ATTEMPTS. -FEEL THE NEED TO REPLACE THE ABORTED CHILD AND TRY TO GET PREGNANT AGAIN AS SOON AS POSSIBLE TO HAVE A NEW BABY TO REPLACE THAT WHICH WAS ABORTED. -SOME WOMEN FEEL HATRED TOWARDS THEIR PARTNERS WHOM THEY BLAME FOR THE ABORTION.
- 7. PHYSICAL CONSEQUENCES Sterility. if the child remains left in utero. Spontaneous Abortions. Ectopic Pregnancies Births of dead children. Menstrual disorders. Hemorrhage. Often needing blood transfusions because it loses much. Infections. Shock. Eat. Utero or perforated bowel. Blood clots passengers. Intense pain. Loss of other organs.