The document discusses the properties required of climbing ropes. Climbing ropes must effectively absorb and dissipate energy from a falling climber without transmitting excessive forces. This requires relatively low stiffness. Modern climbing ropes use a kern mantle construction with parallel twisted nylon-6 yarns surrounded by a braided sheath. Twisting of the core and sheath yarns controls properties like elongation, strength, abrasion resistance, and handling. While environmental conditions can impact ropes, modern dynamic ropes have been shown to retain sufficient strength and elasticity to withstand leader falls over their usable lifetimes.
Notes on Wire rope, Construction/type of wire rope, Testing of wire rope, Application of wire rope, Safety factor, Examination of wire rope, Care & Maintenance, Rope splicing, Tucking, Rope Capel, Reliance Capel, Deterioration of rope, Maximising the life of rope behalf of mining
Notes on Wire rope, Construction/type of wire rope, Testing of wire rope, Application of wire rope, Safety factor, Examination of wire rope, Care & Maintenance, Rope splicing, Tucking, Rope Capel, Reliance Capel, Deterioration of rope, Maximising the life of rope behalf of mining
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In any shaft accessed underground mine wire ropes serve as virtual lifelines.Each rope has a different purpose but an important rope ( often not spoken about) is the guide rope. This ppt gives an overview of mining ropes and then delves on a very important parameter - lubrication of guide ropes.
Detailed analysis of wire and rope drives, designation of wire and rope drives, selection of wire ropes wire ropes for different applications and their diameters
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Design of Roller Chain Drive theory by Prof. Sagar A. DhotareSagar Dhotare
This covers following Points
1. Introduction.
2. Advantages and Disadvantages of Chain Drive over Belt or Rope Drive.
3. Terms Used in Chain Drive.
4. Relation Between Pitch and Pitch Circle Diameter.
5. Velocity Ratio of Chain Drives.
6. Length of Chain and Centre Distance.
7. Classification of Chains.
8. Hoisting and Hauling Chains.
9. Conveyor Chains.
10. Power Transmitting Chains.
11. Characteristics of Roller Chains.
12. Factor of Safety for Chain Drives.
13. Permissible Speed of Smaller Sprocket.
14. Power Transmitted by Chains.
15. Number of Teeth on the Smaller or Driving Sprocket
or Pinion.
16. Maximum Speed for Chains.
17. Principal Dimensions of Tooth Profile.
18. Design Procedure for Chain Drive.
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Recent advances in orthodontic wires /certified fixed orthodontic courses by ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
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Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
In any shaft accessed underground mine wire ropes serve as virtual lifelines.Each rope has a different purpose but an important rope ( often not spoken about) is the guide rope. This ppt gives an overview of mining ropes and then delves on a very important parameter - lubrication of guide ropes.
Detailed analysis of wire and rope drives, designation of wire and rope drives, selection of wire ropes wire ropes for different applications and their diameters
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Design of Roller Chain Drive theory by Prof. Sagar A. DhotareSagar Dhotare
This covers following Points
1. Introduction.
2. Advantages and Disadvantages of Chain Drive over Belt or Rope Drive.
3. Terms Used in Chain Drive.
4. Relation Between Pitch and Pitch Circle Diameter.
5. Velocity Ratio of Chain Drives.
6. Length of Chain and Centre Distance.
7. Classification of Chains.
8. Hoisting and Hauling Chains.
9. Conveyor Chains.
10. Power Transmitting Chains.
11. Characteristics of Roller Chains.
12. Factor of Safety for Chain Drives.
13. Permissible Speed of Smaller Sprocket.
14. Power Transmitted by Chains.
15. Number of Teeth on the Smaller or Driving Sprocket
or Pinion.
16. Maximum Speed for Chains.
17. Principal Dimensions of Tooth Profile.
18. Design Procedure for Chain Drive.
Commonly used retraction loops in edgewise /certified fixed orthodontic cours...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
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Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
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Selection criteria and design of a chain used for Lifting Applicationijsrd.com
Lifting chain is designed for use with hoists, cranes, winches, and other material handling equipment. It is also used in rigging slings and for lashing. There are two standard grades for lifting chain: grade 80 lifting chain and grade 100 lifting chain. Grade 80 lifting chain is made from alloyed steel and is specifically designed for overhead lifting applications. This grade of lifting chain has a good strength-to-weight ratio and excellent durability. Grade 100 lifting chain is also made of alloyed steel, but is hardened and tempered for superior durability and fatigue resistance. Most Grade 100 lifting chain is made of Herc-Alloy 800, a heat-treated alloy with very high strength. Although many types of chain fittings are available, Grade 80 fittings should not be used with Grade 100 chain. Selecting lifting chain requires an analysis of performance specifications. Lifting chain size is measured in inches (in.) or millimeters (mm). Common sizes include 7/32 in. (5.5 mm), 9/32 in. (7.0 mm), 5/16 (8.0 mm), 3/8 (10.0 mm), 1/2 in. (13.0 mm), 5/8 in. (16.00 mm), 3/4 in. (20.0 mm), 7/8 in. (26 mm), and 1 1/4 in. (32.0 mm). Nominal dimensions include inside length and inside width. Other important considerations for choosing lifting chain are the approximate number of links per foot (ft.) and the approximate weight (lbs.) per 100 ft. When working with lifting chain, working load limit and rated capacity vary with the angle of use and the number of lifting chain used in a sling. For example, a single 5.5 mm lifting chain may be rated for 2100 lbs. at 90 degrees. A double 5.5 mm lifting chain may be rated for 60, 45, or 30 degree use with working loads of 3600, 3000, and 2100 lbs. respectively. Lifting chain should meet requirements from organizations such as the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM), and the International Standards Organization (ISO). Working load limits for Grade 80 and Grade 100 lifting chain are based on a 4 to 1 design factor from ISO. By testing all these parameters of chain we can easily select the required dimension of chain link for lifting purpose.
Body armour technology has come a long way in recent years. Today's armour can protect against a wide range of threats, from small-caliber bullets to high-powered rifle rounds. But how exactly does body armour work? Let's take a closer look at the basics in our latest blog by Mr Manish Khandelwal, Director, MKU. Click here to read our documents.
A reliable mooring rope contains several essential properties which are important for its effective performance in maritime applications. Learn more about required properties of a mooring rope. Visit: https://www.romaent.com/rope/marine-rope/
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
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Results for LtCol Thomas Jasper, Marine, for the 2010 Marine Corps Marathon held October 31, 2010, marking the 35th annual marathon known as "The People's Marathon."
An impressive finishing time of 3:46:39, placing 324th in the Male division ages 40-44.
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Narrated Business Proposal for the Philadelphia Eaglescamrynascott12
Slide 1:
Welcome, and thank you for joining me today. We will explore a strategic proposal to enhance parking and traffic management at Lincoln Financial Field, aiming to improve the overall fan experience and operational efficiency. This comprehensive plan addresses existing challenges and leverages innovative solutions to create a smoother and more enjoyable experience for our fans.
Slide 2:
Picture this: It’s a crisp fall afternoon, driving towards Lincoln Financial Field. The atmosphere is electric—tailgaters grilling, fans in Eagles jerseys creating a sea of green and white. The air buzzes with camaraderie and anticipation. You park, join the throng, and make your way to your seat. The stadium roars as the Eagles take the field, sending chills down your spine. Each play is a thrilling dance of strategy and skill. This is what being an Eagles fan is all about—the joy, the pride, and the shared experience.
Slide 3:
But now, the day is marred by frustration. The excitement wanes as you struggle to find a parking spot. The congestion is overwhelming, and tempers flare. The delays mean you miss the pre-game excitement, the tailgate camaraderie, and even the opening kick-off. After the game, the joy of victory or the shared solace of defeat is overshadowed by the stress of navigating out of the parking lot. The gridlock, honking horns, and endless waiting drain the energy and joy from what should have been an unforgettable experience.
Our proposal aims to eliminate these frustrations, ensuring that from arrival to departure, your experience is extraordinary. Efficient parking and smooth traffic flow are key to maintaining the high spirits and excitement that make game days special.
Slide 4:
The Philadelphia Eagles are not just a premier NFL team; they are an integral part of the community, hosting games, concerts, and various events at Lincoln Financial Field. Our state-of-the-art stadium is designed to provide a world-class experience for every attendee. Whether it's the thrill of game day, the excitement of a live concert, or the camaraderie of community events, we pride ourselves on delivering a fan-first experience and maintaining operational excellence across all our activities. Our commitment to our fans and community is unwavering, and we continuously strive to enhance every aspect of their experience, ensuring they leave with unforgettable memories.
Slide 5:
Recent trends show an increasing demand for efficient event logistics. Our customer feedback has consistently highlighted frustrations with parking and traffic. Surveys indicate that a significant number of fans are dissatisfied with the current parking situation. Comparisons with other venues like Citizens Bank Park and Wells Fargo Center reveal that we lag in terms of parking efficiency and convenience. These insights underscore the urgent need for innovation to meet and exceed fan expectations.
Slide 6:
As we delve into the intricacies of our operations, one glaring issue emer
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2. Introduction
Climbing ropes are predominantly used
for safety
and security. In particular, they must
hold the
weight of the climber in the event of a
fall. The type
And magnitude of forces encountered
depend chiefly
on the type of climbing being
undertaken. For convenience,
climbing activities may be split into
three
categories: top roping, lead climbing,
and abseiling.
Top roping is the most common form of
climbing
3. Desired properties for rope:
The desired properties for a dynamic climbing rope
are, therefore, as follows:
(a) high strength – ability to support static force and
repeated dynamic loading;
(b) known elastic properties that allow the rope to
control the force transmitted to the climber and
equipment during a fall;
(c) lightweight;
(d) durability – resistance to abrasion, ultraviolet
light, and repeated thermal cycling;
(e) water resistance – stability of mechanical properties
in the presence of water;
(f) handling characteristics – feel, knotability, and stiffness.
4. Abstract:
Ropes are an important part of the equipment used by climbers, mountaineers, and
sailors. On first inspection, most modern polymer ropes appear similar, and it might be
assumed that their designs, construction, and properties are governed by the same requirements.
In reality, the properties required of climbing ropes are dominated by the requirement
that they effectively absorb and dissipate the energy of the falling climber, in a manner that it
does not transmit more than a critical amount of force to his body. This requirement is met
by the use of ropes with relatively low longitudinal stiffness. In contrast, most sailing ropes
require high stiffness values to maximize their effectiveness and enable sailors to control sails
and equipment precisely. These conflicting requirements led to the use of different classes of
materials and different construction methods for the two sports. This paper reviews in detail
the use of ropes, the properties required, manufacturing techniques and materials utilized,
and the effect of service conditions on the performance of ropes. A survey of research that
has been carried out in the field reveals what progress has been made in the development of
These essential components and identifies where further work may yield benefits in the future.
Keywords: climbing, mountaineering, sailing purpose.
5.
6. Rope construction is a balancing act among many considerations; elongation, impact
absorption,
great handling, strength, and durability must all be considered. Rope performance
cannot be quantified in
test numbers. Ropes prove themselves in the field and on the rock. There are
several important
phases of construction.
even the street fashion market.
7. Twisting
Twisting begins by balancing the fiber. Twisting creates the
strands that make up the core and
sheath. We twist the fiber in the core to add mechanical
elongation and determine strength. We
twist our sheath yarns to aid abrasion resistance, obtain
uniformity and enhance the handling
performance of the rope.
There are two directions of twist, “S”
twist or counterclockwise and “Z”
twist or clockwise.
Incorporating two directions of twist
gives the rope balance. This balance
translates into a rope that
won’t cause a climber or rescuer to
spin when they load the rope by
climbing or falling on it.
8. Twisting of Core and Sheath Yarns:
Core yarns: receive two levels of twist. The first twist dictates the
rope’s level of elongation. It also
affects the overall strength of the rope. The second twist combines several
yarn bundles producing
a finished core. The level of second twist greatly affects the overall hand and
knotability of the
finished rope. It is important to remember that the core of a kern mantle
rope is upwards of 80% of
the total strength of the rope and also handles the majority of impact
absorption in static and dynamic
ropes. Dynamic ropes have high levels of twist in the cores, acting like a
spring when shock loaded,
increasing the elongation and impact absorption. Conversely static ropes
have much lower twist in
the cores creating a rope with much less elongation.
9. Sheath yarns: Sterling’s innovative Better Twist Technology™ is
incorporated all our sheath yarns.
Better Twist Technology™ utilizes the most advanced twisting machinery,
leading to awesome abrasion resistance and a rope that runs smoothly
through gear. What is crucial to sheath twisting is aligning the load bearing
direction of the yarn with the longitudinal axis of the rope. This takes
advantage of the fiber’s tensile strength as well as reducing the abrasion of
the sheath as it runs over obstacles. In other words, sheath yarns are S- and
Z-twisted, then braided into the sheath so the fibers of the sheath are
aligned in the direction of load and abrasion for maximum strength and
minimum snagging.
11. BASALTIC: High dimensional stability. Compactness
and roundness appreciated. Its light weight
allows significant energy savings
when using karabiners.
12. TRANSALP: Excellent handling. Multi-purpose, especially
for sport climbing. Very good flexibility
and handling. Its 9.8 diameter offers
a very interesting weight.
13. QUARTZ: A good balance between diameter, impact
force and weight. Very good grip.
14. GRAN TORINO: Very supple. Exceptional durability and long
life span. Interesting number of falls.
24. The property requirements for dynamic climbing
ropes are dominated by the need for effective
energy absorption in a leader fall. This demands
that ropes not only be strong, but that they retain
well-controlled load elongation behavior throughout
their life. The materials and construction of
climbing ropes have evolved from traditional natural
fibers, with a ‘hawser laid’ structure, to the modern
kern mantel construction, consisting of parallel
twisted yarns surrounded by a braided sheath. The
majority of today’s climbing ropes are manufactured
from semi-crystalline nylon-6, the properties of
which are controlled by the relative fractions of
axially aligned crystalline and amorphous phases.
Although environmental conditions and use do
affect the properties of ropes, notably by water
absorption, UV light, freezing, heat glazing, and particle
entrainment, none of these factors is considered
to render ropes unsafe. The observation is that ropes,
under all of these conditions, retain sufficient
strength and elasticity to sustain at least one standard
leader fall, and the conclusion is that modern
dynamic ropes do not break in service. The exception
to this pattern involves dynamic loading over sharp
edges, which is said to have accounted for all but
two of the reported rope failures in the past 35
years, i.e. since the modern climbing rope was developed.