9. Very hot and very cold
environments can be dangerous to
your health
10. • by losing water through the skin
and sweat glands and as the last
extremity is reached by panting, when blood is
heated above 98.6degrees
• The heart begins to pump more blood flow
• water diffuses through the skin as perspiration
• The heart is pumping a torrent of blood through
dilated circulatory vessels; the sweat glands are
pouring liquid-including essential dissolved
chemicals, like sodium and chloride onto the
surface of the skin.
How Heat Affects The Body
11. Heat Stroke
Heat Stroke is the most serious heat
heatrelated disorder.
Body becomes unable to control its temperature.
– Body temperature rapidly rises
– Sweating mechanism fails
– Body is unable to cool down
Body temperature can rise to 106
106°F or higher in 10
to 15 minutes.
Heat stroke can cause death or permanent
disability if emergency treatment is not given
12. Heat Exhaustion
•dehydration causes blood volume to
decrease.
•The body’s s response to excessive loss of
water and salt.
•Usually through excessive sweating.
• Workers most prone to heat exhaustion are
the elderly, employees with high blood
pressure and those working in hot
environments
13. .
Heat Cramps
Heat cramps usually affect workers who sweat a
lot during strenuous activity. This sweating
depletes the body's salt and moisture levels. Low
salt levels in muscles causes painful cramps. Heat
cramps may also be a symptom of heat
exhaustion.
14. The Concept of Extreme Cold
Extreme Cold conditions typically
accompany Winter Storm events, . In
the South, near freezing temperatures
are considered extreme cold. Freezing
temperatures can cause severe damage
to citrus fruit crops and other
vegetation. Pipes may freeze and burst
in homes that are poorly insulated or
without heat. In the North, extreme
cold means temperatures well below
zero.
16. Heat Index
•The U.S. National Oceanographic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
developed the Heat Index system.
•Find heat index
•What the conditions like.
17.
18. Fatality Due to Heat
• Mike
• Dishwasher in kitchen
of a restaurant
• Died July 7
• Last exposure to heat July 3
• 39 year old Male
19. Designate a Person to Oversee the
Heat Stress
• Hazard Identification
• Water.Rest.Shade
• Modified Work Schedules
• Training
• Monitoring for Heat Illness Symptoms
20. Summary
• Working in extreme temperatures can have
immediate and long-term health effects
• Humidity and air movement influence the effects
of extreme temperatures
• Use the hierarchy of controls to find solutions to
temperature-related work problems
• What information was useful to you?
Are extreme temperatures a comfort issue or a safety issue?
Extreme cold is as dangerous as unguarded machinery or other serious safety hazards.
Here is just one example of an amputation due to extreme cold from OSHA’s files. We’ll discuss some aspects of this case later in the training.
It’s clear that there are real hazards associated with working in extreme temperatures. These hazards are not just acute hazards – bad things that can happen immediately, but there are also long term health effects.
We are going to evaluate heat and cold by looking at the potential hazards – who can be affected and how. We will then look at how we evaluate the exposure – How do we measure exposure? How much is too much? What factors are important to consider?
Then we’ll look at controls – can we eliminate or reduce the hazard? What responsibilities do employers have? What can workers do on their own?
Finally, we’ll look at enforcement – What are the laws, and how are they enforced? What role can the union play?