A lecture on Freud's case history about Dora (1905) as well as his lecture entitled "Femininity" (1933) for Arts One (a first-year, interdisciplinary course) at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, BC, Canada.
O documento descreve a transformação da Terra de um planeta de provas e expiações para um planeta regenerado entre 1857-2057. O processo ocorrerá em dois períodos de 100 anos cada, com grandes movimentos preparatórios no primeiro período e chegada massiva de espíritos do além na segunda metade.
The document discusses Jean Baudrillard's concepts of simulacra and hyperreality. It argues that in postmodernity, simulations and copies of reality have replaced the real to such an extent that it is difficult to distinguish reality from its representations. Media and technology have created a hyperreality that seems more real than actual lived experience. People can lose the ability to separate reality from fantasy and begin to engage with and find fulfillment in simulated realities rather than any objective reality.
O documento discute a importância das palestras espíritas no tratamento espiritual, explicando que elas ajudam no equilíbrio emocional e espiritual através da mudança mental e recebimento de energias do plano espiritual, complementando as sessões de passe. Também enfatiza a relação entre as palestras e os passes, com as palestras preparando o terreno para os passes terem maior efeito, e a importância de frequentar as palestras doutrinárias para o próprio tratamento e de espíritos perturbados que a
The document contains 15 inspiring social media quotes from various authors. Charles Leadbeater says "You are what you share." Erik Qualman suggests "We don't have a choice on whether we do social media, the question is how well we do it?" and "Increasingly, consumers don't search for products and services. Rather, services come to their attention via social media." The quotes provide tips on engaging audiences, telling stories, listening to consumers and using social media strategically.
A atividade de dialogador, doutrinador ou médium esclarecedor é de suma importância no acolhimento aos Espíritos sofredores que comparecem à reunião mediúnica espírita, principalmente nos trabalhos de desobsessão.
O encarnado encarregado do diálogo deve conscientizar-se do esforço de combate às próprias imperfeições morais, trabalhando na aquisição e no desenvolvimento de virtudes, pois o seu comportamento no bem e as suas atitudes equilibradas apresentam significativo efeito moral sobre os Espíritos com quem dialoga.
O bom doutrinador tem desenvolvida a mediunidade de intuição que, como qualquer faculdade mediúnica, aperfeiçoa-se com a prática. Daí ser importante manter-se vigilante e atento às intuições que lhe surgem no foro íntimo durante o diálogo mantido com comunicantes desencarnados.
Hysteria was historically considered a female medical condition caused by a wandering uterus. Over time, the definition and believed causes of hysteria changed - it was variously thought to be caused by abstinence, poor blood flow, or psychological trauma. Treatments included pelvic massage or electro-mechanical devices. By 1980, the term "female hysteria" was removed from medical manuals and its symptoms considered manifestations of dissociative disorders rather than a distinct illness.
O documento descreve a transformação da Terra de um planeta de provas e expiações para um planeta regenerado entre 1857-2057. O processo ocorrerá em dois períodos de 100 anos cada, com grandes movimentos preparatórios no primeiro período e chegada massiva de espíritos do além na segunda metade.
The document discusses Jean Baudrillard's concepts of simulacra and hyperreality. It argues that in postmodernity, simulations and copies of reality have replaced the real to such an extent that it is difficult to distinguish reality from its representations. Media and technology have created a hyperreality that seems more real than actual lived experience. People can lose the ability to separate reality from fantasy and begin to engage with and find fulfillment in simulated realities rather than any objective reality.
O documento discute a importância das palestras espíritas no tratamento espiritual, explicando que elas ajudam no equilíbrio emocional e espiritual através da mudança mental e recebimento de energias do plano espiritual, complementando as sessões de passe. Também enfatiza a relação entre as palestras e os passes, com as palestras preparando o terreno para os passes terem maior efeito, e a importância de frequentar as palestras doutrinárias para o próprio tratamento e de espíritos perturbados que a
The document contains 15 inspiring social media quotes from various authors. Charles Leadbeater says "You are what you share." Erik Qualman suggests "We don't have a choice on whether we do social media, the question is how well we do it?" and "Increasingly, consumers don't search for products and services. Rather, services come to their attention via social media." The quotes provide tips on engaging audiences, telling stories, listening to consumers and using social media strategically.
A atividade de dialogador, doutrinador ou médium esclarecedor é de suma importância no acolhimento aos Espíritos sofredores que comparecem à reunião mediúnica espírita, principalmente nos trabalhos de desobsessão.
O encarnado encarregado do diálogo deve conscientizar-se do esforço de combate às próprias imperfeições morais, trabalhando na aquisição e no desenvolvimento de virtudes, pois o seu comportamento no bem e as suas atitudes equilibradas apresentam significativo efeito moral sobre os Espíritos com quem dialoga.
O bom doutrinador tem desenvolvida a mediunidade de intuição que, como qualquer faculdade mediúnica, aperfeiçoa-se com a prática. Daí ser importante manter-se vigilante e atento às intuições que lhe surgem no foro íntimo durante o diálogo mantido com comunicantes desencarnados.
Hysteria was historically considered a female medical condition caused by a wandering uterus. Over time, the definition and believed causes of hysteria changed - it was variously thought to be caused by abstinence, poor blood flow, or psychological trauma. Treatments included pelvic massage or electro-mechanical devices. By 1980, the term "female hysteria" was removed from medical manuals and its symptoms considered manifestations of dissociative disorders rather than a distinct illness.
A presentation on various ways one might try to evaluate the effectiveness of cMOOCs, and some questions and concerns about each one, ending with a question: how best should we do this?
How not to promote open sharing of teaching materials at a university: UBC's ...Christina Hendricks
The University of British Columbia's Policy 81 aims to encourage open sharing of teaching materials but has had the opposite effect. The policy allows UBC to use and revise faculty teaching materials without permission. This has angered faculty and their union, who see it as a violation of academic freedom and intellectual property rights. As a result of Policy 81, many faculty are now less willing to share their teaching materials openly, and some have stopped sharing altogether due to mistrust of UBC's motives. The policy has damaged faculty attitudes toward open sharing and open licensing of their work.
This document summarizes J.J. Thomson's response to Philippa Foot's view on the trolley problem. Thomson argues that Foot's solution that it is permissible for the trolley driver to turn the trolley but not for the surgeon to transplant an organ does not work for the case of the "bystander at the switch." Thomson proposes the principle of "distributive exemption" which allows redirecting a harm from many to fewer people, as long as it does not infringe on the rights of the one person. However, Thomson notes this principle only works if redirecting the harm does not itself constitute a rights violation against the one person.
These slides are for an Introduction to Philosophy course at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, BC, Canada. They cover chapters 1, 2 and 5 of Mill's text called Utilitarianism. There is also a slide towards the end distinguishing act and rule utilitarianism.
These slides are for a discussion of Camus' "The Myth of Sisyphus" in an Introduction to Philosophy course at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, BC, Canada. There are three animated gifs embedded in it, which may not play correctly here. This is most of the slides--there may be one or two more later.
Foucault argues that the concept of sexuality is a historical construct, not a natural given. He challenges the idea that power primarily works to repress sexuality, arguing instead that a new form of power called "biopower" seeks to regulate and manage sexuality. Biopower functions through scientific discourses that study, classify and attempt to normalize sexuality. Foucault asserts that sexuality itself is produced through these power-knowledge relations, rather than being a secret identity waiting to be liberated. He claims calls for liberation actually support the operations of biopower by encouraging us to view sexuality as a natural essence to divulge.
This document summarizes a pilot study examining how students improve their writing over multiple essays through peer and instructor feedback. The study tracked feedback on 10 essays from 13 students. Both peer and instructor feedback improved linearly over the essays. Peer feedback ratings increased more slowly than instructor ratings. Positive instructor feedback on argument strength and style/mechanics correlated with improved essay quality. More analysis is needed to understand how students apply feedback to different essays and whether the quality of peer feedback improves over time with more sessions. The pilot showed this type of longitudinal study is feasible with a larger sample size.
This document provides an overview of dissociative spectrum disorder. It begins with an introduction to dissociative disorders and their historical conceptualization. It then discusses classifications of dissociative disorders in the DSM and ICD. The document also covers etiological models, epidemiology, clinical features, course and management of dissociative disorders. It summarizes various theories regarding the neurobiology and development of dissociative disorders.
- Chapter 11 discusses anxiety, obsessive-compulsive and trauma-related disorders as categorized in the DSM-5. It covers disorders such as separation anxiety disorder, specific phobias, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and agoraphobia.
- The chapter introduces each disorder and describes their key features and clinical picture based on the DSM-5 criteria. It discusses the historical understandings of anxiety and how modern theories have shifted to cognitive processes.
- Each anxiety disorder section provides details on the typical symptoms, presentations, and experiences of those suffering from disorders like social anxiety, specific phobias of objects or situations, and panic disorders which can involve unpredictable panic attacks.
Slides for a webinar organized by BCcampus on Open Education at British Columbia post-secondary institutions. These slides are about a project in which students and faculty create and use case studies as open educational resources
This document discusses dissociative and somatic symptom disorders as outlined in Chapter 8 of the DSM-5. It provides an overview of dissociation and somatization, outlines the DSM-5 classification of dissociative disorders, somatic symptom and related disorders, and factitious disorders. It also summarizes key conditions including dissociative amnesia, depersonalization/derealization disorder, somatic symptom disorder, and factitious disorders.
A presentation given at Open UBC week at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Oct. 23, 2013. Much of the second half of the presentation was spent browsing the linked websites, so there isn't much on the slides for the second half!
A presentation given to the CTLT Institute (Centre for Teaching, Learning and Technology) at the University of British Columbia in May, 2013. In it I introduce open education, MOOCs, xMOOCs vs cMOOCs, and discuss ETMOOC--a cMOOC I participated in in 2013--as an example of a cMOOC to better explain what (some) cMOOCs are like.
The document discusses problems that students have with feedback for self-regulated writing and proposes solutions. It notes that students often have different goals than what is needed to complete writing tasks well. Feedback is sometimes too vague for students to understand how their work did not meet standards or know how to improve. The document also suggests that feedback should provide specific strategies for bridging the gap between current and successful performance, while also being applicable to future assignments and not overwhelming students.
A presentation given at the BCcampus Symposium on Scholarly Inquiry into Teaching and Learning, Nov. 2014. I discuss a pilot research project on gauging the impact of peer feedback on writing over the course of multiple peer feedback sessions.
Slides for an introduction to philosophy class at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, BC, Canada. These talk about Singer's arguments in "Famine, Affluence and Morality" and "The Singer Solution to World Poverty."
Hysteria was historically diagnosed exclusively in women for a variety of symptoms and was treated by manual genital stimulation. While seen as a medical disorder, it is no longer recognized as such. The development of inexpensive vibrators allowed women greater access to treatment for hysteria symptoms, leading to the condition falling out of fashion as a diagnosis. By 1952, the American Psychiatric Association removed hysteria from its list of recognized diseases.
The Social Phenomenology of RD Laing: A Re-Appraisal of R.D. Laing, His Relat...Université de Montréal
Scottish psychiatrist-psychoanalyst Ronald David Laing (1927-1989) is known for his pioneering studies in the tradition of psychodynamic psychiatry (cf. Ellenberger, 1970) of the alien and alienating experiences that are known under the rubric of schizophrenia (cf. Woods, 2011). Along the way, he explored the “divided self” (Laing, 1960) in the “politics of the family” (Laing, 1969) and the sources of “reason and violence” (Laing & Cooper, 1964) in modern society, creating a model of existential psychotherapy (Laing, 1987a) with his social phenomenology (Laing, 1987b).
Schooled in mainstream mid-20th century British psychiatry and then psychoanalysis, reading phenomenological philosophy the whole time, R.D. Laing wrote an undisputed classic, The Divided Self (1960; see Itten & Young, 2012), followed by Self and Others (1961) and others. Before post-modernism and deconstruction, Laing posited the dispersion of self in the bosom of the modern family with its attendant anxieties and insecurities (Laing, 1969; Di Nicola, 2022). Instead of the romantic notion of two becoming one, Laing gives us a vision of the self at odds with and divided against itself, and this opens up vistas for admitting all kinds of psychological and relational experiences on the analytic couch, including psychosis and paranoia. Furthermore, he attempted to normalize such experiences going so far as to argue that they were part of a process of psychic exploration and a shamanic journey rather than pathologizing them. This has even greater resonance today in such contemporary movements as the Hearing Voices Network.
In Laing’s (1987a) model, employing “existential phenomenology in psychotherapy,” even supposedly psychotic and paranoid experiences have meaning if we could only hear them and understand them. Rather than being reductive, it’s hermeneutic, leading existential philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre (1964) to write of Laing’s and Cooper’s (1964) efforts create “a truly human psychiatry”:
"I am convinced that your efforts will bring us closer to the day when psychiatry will, at last, become a truly human psychiatry."
Keywords: RD Laing, social phenomenology, Karl Jaspers, J-P Sartre, psychotherapy, schizophrenia, paranoia
Freud, Jung & the Hard Problem of Consciousnesscheriching
The document discusses Freud and Jung's work on the human "networking system" or mechanism of psychical continuity between individuals. It defines this system from objective and subjective perspectives. Freud and Jung described it as an inherited, hardwired structure in the newborn brain and a process of transmitting mental states between generations. They saw this system as the basis for social psychology and the development and progression of civilization.
A presentation on various ways one might try to evaluate the effectiveness of cMOOCs, and some questions and concerns about each one, ending with a question: how best should we do this?
How not to promote open sharing of teaching materials at a university: UBC's ...Christina Hendricks
The University of British Columbia's Policy 81 aims to encourage open sharing of teaching materials but has had the opposite effect. The policy allows UBC to use and revise faculty teaching materials without permission. This has angered faculty and their union, who see it as a violation of academic freedom and intellectual property rights. As a result of Policy 81, many faculty are now less willing to share their teaching materials openly, and some have stopped sharing altogether due to mistrust of UBC's motives. The policy has damaged faculty attitudes toward open sharing and open licensing of their work.
This document summarizes J.J. Thomson's response to Philippa Foot's view on the trolley problem. Thomson argues that Foot's solution that it is permissible for the trolley driver to turn the trolley but not for the surgeon to transplant an organ does not work for the case of the "bystander at the switch." Thomson proposes the principle of "distributive exemption" which allows redirecting a harm from many to fewer people, as long as it does not infringe on the rights of the one person. However, Thomson notes this principle only works if redirecting the harm does not itself constitute a rights violation against the one person.
These slides are for an Introduction to Philosophy course at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, BC, Canada. They cover chapters 1, 2 and 5 of Mill's text called Utilitarianism. There is also a slide towards the end distinguishing act and rule utilitarianism.
These slides are for a discussion of Camus' "The Myth of Sisyphus" in an Introduction to Philosophy course at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, BC, Canada. There are three animated gifs embedded in it, which may not play correctly here. This is most of the slides--there may be one or two more later.
Foucault argues that the concept of sexuality is a historical construct, not a natural given. He challenges the idea that power primarily works to repress sexuality, arguing instead that a new form of power called "biopower" seeks to regulate and manage sexuality. Biopower functions through scientific discourses that study, classify and attempt to normalize sexuality. Foucault asserts that sexuality itself is produced through these power-knowledge relations, rather than being a secret identity waiting to be liberated. He claims calls for liberation actually support the operations of biopower by encouraging us to view sexuality as a natural essence to divulge.
This document summarizes a pilot study examining how students improve their writing over multiple essays through peer and instructor feedback. The study tracked feedback on 10 essays from 13 students. Both peer and instructor feedback improved linearly over the essays. Peer feedback ratings increased more slowly than instructor ratings. Positive instructor feedback on argument strength and style/mechanics correlated with improved essay quality. More analysis is needed to understand how students apply feedback to different essays and whether the quality of peer feedback improves over time with more sessions. The pilot showed this type of longitudinal study is feasible with a larger sample size.
This document provides an overview of dissociative spectrum disorder. It begins with an introduction to dissociative disorders and their historical conceptualization. It then discusses classifications of dissociative disorders in the DSM and ICD. The document also covers etiological models, epidemiology, clinical features, course and management of dissociative disorders. It summarizes various theories regarding the neurobiology and development of dissociative disorders.
- Chapter 11 discusses anxiety, obsessive-compulsive and trauma-related disorders as categorized in the DSM-5. It covers disorders such as separation anxiety disorder, specific phobias, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and agoraphobia.
- The chapter introduces each disorder and describes their key features and clinical picture based on the DSM-5 criteria. It discusses the historical understandings of anxiety and how modern theories have shifted to cognitive processes.
- Each anxiety disorder section provides details on the typical symptoms, presentations, and experiences of those suffering from disorders like social anxiety, specific phobias of objects or situations, and panic disorders which can involve unpredictable panic attacks.
Slides for a webinar organized by BCcampus on Open Education at British Columbia post-secondary institutions. These slides are about a project in which students and faculty create and use case studies as open educational resources
This document discusses dissociative and somatic symptom disorders as outlined in Chapter 8 of the DSM-5. It provides an overview of dissociation and somatization, outlines the DSM-5 classification of dissociative disorders, somatic symptom and related disorders, and factitious disorders. It also summarizes key conditions including dissociative amnesia, depersonalization/derealization disorder, somatic symptom disorder, and factitious disorders.
A presentation given at Open UBC week at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Oct. 23, 2013. Much of the second half of the presentation was spent browsing the linked websites, so there isn't much on the slides for the second half!
A presentation given to the CTLT Institute (Centre for Teaching, Learning and Technology) at the University of British Columbia in May, 2013. In it I introduce open education, MOOCs, xMOOCs vs cMOOCs, and discuss ETMOOC--a cMOOC I participated in in 2013--as an example of a cMOOC to better explain what (some) cMOOCs are like.
The document discusses problems that students have with feedback for self-regulated writing and proposes solutions. It notes that students often have different goals than what is needed to complete writing tasks well. Feedback is sometimes too vague for students to understand how their work did not meet standards or know how to improve. The document also suggests that feedback should provide specific strategies for bridging the gap between current and successful performance, while also being applicable to future assignments and not overwhelming students.
A presentation given at the BCcampus Symposium on Scholarly Inquiry into Teaching and Learning, Nov. 2014. I discuss a pilot research project on gauging the impact of peer feedback on writing over the course of multiple peer feedback sessions.
Slides for an introduction to philosophy class at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, BC, Canada. These talk about Singer's arguments in "Famine, Affluence and Morality" and "The Singer Solution to World Poverty."
Hysteria was historically diagnosed exclusively in women for a variety of symptoms and was treated by manual genital stimulation. While seen as a medical disorder, it is no longer recognized as such. The development of inexpensive vibrators allowed women greater access to treatment for hysteria symptoms, leading to the condition falling out of fashion as a diagnosis. By 1952, the American Psychiatric Association removed hysteria from its list of recognized diseases.
The Social Phenomenology of RD Laing: A Re-Appraisal of R.D. Laing, His Relat...Université de Montréal
Scottish psychiatrist-psychoanalyst Ronald David Laing (1927-1989) is known for his pioneering studies in the tradition of psychodynamic psychiatry (cf. Ellenberger, 1970) of the alien and alienating experiences that are known under the rubric of schizophrenia (cf. Woods, 2011). Along the way, he explored the “divided self” (Laing, 1960) in the “politics of the family” (Laing, 1969) and the sources of “reason and violence” (Laing & Cooper, 1964) in modern society, creating a model of existential psychotherapy (Laing, 1987a) with his social phenomenology (Laing, 1987b).
Schooled in mainstream mid-20th century British psychiatry and then psychoanalysis, reading phenomenological philosophy the whole time, R.D. Laing wrote an undisputed classic, The Divided Self (1960; see Itten & Young, 2012), followed by Self and Others (1961) and others. Before post-modernism and deconstruction, Laing posited the dispersion of self in the bosom of the modern family with its attendant anxieties and insecurities (Laing, 1969; Di Nicola, 2022). Instead of the romantic notion of two becoming one, Laing gives us a vision of the self at odds with and divided against itself, and this opens up vistas for admitting all kinds of psychological and relational experiences on the analytic couch, including psychosis and paranoia. Furthermore, he attempted to normalize such experiences going so far as to argue that they were part of a process of psychic exploration and a shamanic journey rather than pathologizing them. This has even greater resonance today in such contemporary movements as the Hearing Voices Network.
In Laing’s (1987a) model, employing “existential phenomenology in psychotherapy,” even supposedly psychotic and paranoid experiences have meaning if we could only hear them and understand them. Rather than being reductive, it’s hermeneutic, leading existential philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre (1964) to write of Laing’s and Cooper’s (1964) efforts create “a truly human psychiatry”:
"I am convinced that your efforts will bring us closer to the day when psychiatry will, at last, become a truly human psychiatry."
Keywords: RD Laing, social phenomenology, Karl Jaspers, J-P Sartre, psychotherapy, schizophrenia, paranoia
Freud, Jung & the Hard Problem of Consciousnesscheriching
The document discusses Freud and Jung's work on the human "networking system" or mechanism of psychical continuity between individuals. It defines this system from objective and subjective perspectives. Freud and Jung described it as an inherited, hardwired structure in the newborn brain and a process of transmitting mental states between generations. They saw this system as the basis for social psychology and the development and progression of civilization.
Parapsychology(A Study of Psychic phenomena and paranormal)MishaRiaz
This document discusses the field of parapsychology, which studies paranormal and psychic phenomena that cannot be explained by scientific understanding. It defines key terms like ESP, psychokinesis, mediumship, and survival of consciousness after death. It also outlines the history of parapsychology and describes experiments conducted to test ESP abilities like telepathy, clairvoyance, and precognition.
LIT 229 Module Four 1 Introduction Myth and… .docxMARRY7
LIT 229 Module Four 1
Introduction: Myth and…
Given its nature as the wellspring of our knowledge about ourselves and the world, myth
should be found in all our ways of knowing, and it is. The phrase “ways of knowing” is
shorthand for those collections of beliefs, assumptions, discourse, values, and practices that
offer their own approaches for understanding the world and our place in it. This description
of ways of knowing sounds much like myth because myth itself is a way of knowing. The
point here is not to overlay myth onto all ways of knowing but to illuminate the relationship of
myth to them. For this module, we will analyze the role of myth in three prominent ways of
knowing: psychology, religion, and science. These three operate on a deeper layer than
particular genres for myth like art, literature, and film (will explore the latter two later) and
thus promise to illuminate myth by their own lights.
Myth and Psychology
At the heart of psychological ways of knowing sits a story. It is—like our most profound and
provocative stories—erotic, strange, traumatic, and Greek. Oedipus is the son of Laius and
Jocasta, the king and queen of Thebes. A prophecy declares that the young Oedipus will
grow up to commit the most horrible crimes imaginable—the murder of his father and incest
with his mother. Desperate to forestall these events, King Laius binds the boy’s feet
(Oedipus means “swollen foot”) and leaves him to die on a mountainside. As fate literally
would have it, shepherds find the boy, rescue him, and take him to the king and queen of
Corinth, who raise him as their own. Oedipus eventually hears the prophecy himself from the
Oracle at Delphi and leaves his known family at Corinth and heads, fatefully, to Thebes. On
the way there, he quarrels with a man who refuses to give way on the road, eventually killing
the man. Unknown to Oedipus, this man is Laius, his father. Upon arriving at Thebes, he
answers the riddle of the Sphinx, who is terrorizing the city, and is rewarded with the throne
of the dead king and his wife Jocasta, who is Oedipus’s mother. Upon hearing that the
prophecy had indeed been fulfilled, Jocasta commits suicide, and Oedipus blinds himself
and goes into exile.
2 LIT 229 Module Four
Freud Gives Birth to a Way of Knowing
In this myth, Sigmund Freud saw the central drama of the human psyche and by extension a
primal feature of the new discipline of psychology. He writes in his Interpretation of Dreams
that Oedipus’s:
destiny moves us only because it might have been ours—because the Oracle laid the
same curse upon us before our birth as upon him. It is the fate of all of us, perhaps, to
direct our first sexual impulse towards our mother and our first hatred and our first
murderous wish against our father. Our dreams convince us that this is so. (295)
Without delving too deeply into Freud’s Oedipus complex, we can see that the myth provides
a story—Fr ...
A FREUDIAN PSYCHOANALYTIC ANALYSIS OF NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE S THE SCARLET LETTERGina Rizzo
This document provides a psychoanalytic analysis of Nathaniel Hawthorne's novel The Scarlet Letter using Sigmund Freud's theories of the psyche. It first introduces Freud and his development of psychoanalysis, focusing on the concepts of the unconscious mind, repression of desires/memories, and the division of the psyche into id, ego and superego. It then analyzes the main characters in the novel - Hester Prynne, Arthur Dimmesdale, and Roger Chillingworth - examining how their ids, egos, and superegos influence their behaviors and personalities, particularly in relation to repressed childhood memories and desires. The document aims to reveal the psychological states of the characters through this Freudian psychoanalytic lens
The document discusses the concept of telepathy, which refers to the transmission of information from one person to another without using any known sensory channels or physical interaction. It provides the origins and history of the term, examines scientific theories that have attempted to explain telepathy, and discusses some case studies and experiments that have been conducted to detect and understand telepathy. However, the prevailing scientific view is that telepathy lacks conclusive evidence from well-controlled experiments.
This document summarizes Sigmund Freud's theory of the id, ego, and superego - the three parts of the psyche according to psychoanalytic theory. It discusses how Freud developed his structural model of the mind over time based on his clinical observations and theoretical revisions. The id represents basic instinctual drives, the ego regulates id impulses according to reality, and the superego incorporates moral standards and ideals from parents. The development of these structures is influenced by infantile sexuality and the resolution of the Oedipus complex during early childhood.
This document provides an introduction to Sigmund Freud's book "Dream Psychology" which explores the meaning and interpretation of dreams. It discusses the various historical views on dreams, from ancient cultures viewing dreams as messages from gods to modern medical views dismissing dreams as meaningless. Freud developed a new method of psychoanalysis to interpret dreams and uncovered 5 major findings: 1) Dreams are connected to the dreamer's life, 2) Dreams represent the fulfillment of unconscious wishes, 3) Dreams use symbolic representations, 4) Sexual desires play a large role in the unconscious mind, and 5) Dreams are connected to mental illness. His work revolutionized the field of psychology and the understanding of the unconscious mind.
This document provides an introduction to Volney P. Gay's book "Reading Freud: Psychology, Neurosis, and Religion". The introduction outlines Gay's goals in writing the book, which are to systematically interrogate Freud's major essays on religion, to illuminate how Freud thinks through a series of question sheets, and to elucidate Freud's understanding of religion. The introduction also notes what topics the book will not cover, such as Freud's theory of psychoanalytic technique and his metapsychology. It recommends using the book as a guide to explore selected texts from Freud's work.
This document provides an introduction to Sigmund Freud's book Dream Psychology. It discusses the history of dream interpretation and different theories about the meaning of dreams. Freud developed a new method of dream analysis called psychoanalysis. By applying this method to dream interpretation, he discovered that dreams have meaning and are related to unconscious desires. His theory that dreams serve as an outlet for unconscious wishes was highly influential but also controversial. The introduction explains Freud's view that dreams provide insight into unconscious thoughts and can be interpreted through attention to symbols, events in one's life, and patterns across many dreams.
Psychoanalytic criticism analyzes literary texts through the lens of Freudian psychoanalytic theory. It views texts as expressions of unconscious desires and aims to reveal hidden meanings by interpreting symbols and themes. The unconscious, according to psychoanalysis, contains repressed emotions and experiences and finds expression through dreams, artworks, and other creative acts. Surrealist art in particular drew inspiration from dreams and the unconscious in an effort to access untapped creative ideas, rather than for purposes of interpretation or therapy.
This document provides an overview of Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic criticism. It discusses key concepts like the unconscious, dreams, repression, and how psychoanalytic criticism analyzes characters and their psychic realities. Dreams are seen as compromises between conscious and unconscious desires that can reveal buried conflicts if properly interpreted through analysis of imagery, symbols, and associations.
The document provides an introduction to abnormal psychology, discussing definitions of normal and abnormal behavior and terms used in the field. It notes that abnormal psychology studies behavior that does not conform to cultural or statistical norms. Various terms are described, including psychosis, hallucination, and delusion, which refer to sever mental illnesses where one loses touch with reality. Specialists in the field of abnormal psychology are also listed.
Freud was the founder of psychoanalysis and developed influential theories about the unconscious mind and how unconscious desires influence behavior. He believed the mind is divided into the conscious and unconscious parts, with the latter containing hopes, dreams, and worries outside of our awareness but still impacting our actions. Freud treated patients using a talking therapy where he had them relax to access repressed memories and thoughts in the unconscious. His work revolutionized the field of psychology and our understanding of human personality and behavior.
Salvador Dalí was a famous Spanish surrealist painter known for works like The Persistence of Memory. Some key facts about Dalí:
- He developed a method of painting called "Paranoiac-Critical Method" which was based on his dreams and obsessions.
- One of his most famous works is The Persistence of Memory, painted in 1931, which features melting clocks and other dreamlike imagery.
- He was obsessed with film, ants, dreams, and was afraid of grasshoppers.
- In 1940 he painted La Cara de la Guerra which depicted the horrors of war and was influenced by his memories of the Spanish Civil War.
- Dalí was
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2. Revealing secrets
“If it is true that the causes of hysterical
disorders are to be found in the intimacies of
the patient‟s psycho-sexual life, and that
hysterical symptoms are the expression of their
most secret and repressed wishes, then the
complete exposition of a case of hysteria is
bound to involve the revelation of those
intimacies and the betrayal of those secrets”
(Dora 2).
-- See also (Dora 69)
3. Female sexuality as secret
“We know less about the sexual life of little girls
than of boys. But we need not feel ashamed of
this distinction; after all, the sexual life of adult
women is a „dark continent‟ for psychology.”
(Question of Lay Analysis (1926))
“Throughout history people have knocked their
heads against the riddle of the nature of
femininity.” (“Femininity” 100)
“… the enigma of women…” (“Femininity” 116)
4. Freud as archaeologist
He claims he has brought “to the
light of day after their long burial
the priceless though mutilated
relics of antiquity,” filling in
what is missing through
knowledge from other analyses
(Dora 7)
From Wikimedia commons, licensed CC-BY
How is he digging up the remains of antiquity,
uncovering secrets? (sexual secrets, since hysteria has
to do with these (Dora 2, 29))
5. Introduction to the Dora text
Freud‟s letter to Fleiss: “…I have a new
patient, a girl of eighteen; the case has
opened smoothly to my collection of
picklocks” (Introduction to Dora vii) (see
Dora 61, 89).
The facts Freud uncovered about Dora took
“their life from the precise truth of Freud‟s
multiple analytic thrusts into her
unconscious” (Rieff, Ibid., xvii).
6. Re-telling Dora‟s secrets
Freud can‟t keep a secret: he publishes this case
history for the sake of science (Dora 2).
He recognizes it may seem he is publishing a “roman à
clef,” inviting others to try to figure out who it‟s about
(Dora 3).
• Does feel a bit like a novel—gives fictional names to
characters & places, tells a story (S. Marcus, “Freud
and Dora: Story, History, Case History” (1974)).
• He is re-telling parts of Dora‟s life, filling in the gaps;
psychoanalysis allows for a coherent life story
(Marcus; Dora 10-11)
7. Others can‟t keep the
secret
Including me:
“Dora” was Ida Bauer
(1882-1945)
Age 8, with brother
Otto
Wikimedia commons, public domain
9. History of Hysteria
Hippocrates
(c. 460-370 BCE,
Athens)
Plato
(c. 427-347 BCE,
Athens)
Hippocrates at
Wikimedia
Commons, public
domain
Galen
(2nd century CE,
Roman)
Plato at Wikimedia
commons, public
domain
Galen at Wikimedia
commons, public
domain
10. History of Hysteria
Hysteria in late 19th & early 20th century
Dora’s symptoms: migraine, dyspnoea
(difficulty breathing), coughing spells,
aphonia (loss of voice), fits of
unconsciousness w/amnesia, dragging foot,
threatened suicide
Other common symptoms of hysteria: paralysis,
loss of feeling in limbs, hallucinations,
delusions, convulsions
11. History of Hysteria
Rachel P. Maines, The Technology of Orgasm:
“Hysteria,” the Vibrator, and Women’s Sexual
Satisfaction (1999); Now a movie: Hysteria (Dir.
Tanya Wexler, 2011)
One fairly common treatment for hysterical symptoms in
women was “genital massage” by doctors or nurses,
especially patients not able to have sex through
intercourse.
Chapter 1 of Maines‟ book:
http://www.nytimes.com/books/first/m/maines-technology.html
15. Freud and Hysteria
• Repression: Particular memories, feelings, desires,
fantasies (always having some sexual component
(Dora 39)) are pushed out of consciousness into the
unconscious
• Return of the repressed: But these repressed
contents seek to emerge into consciousness some
other way: they “speak” one‟s inner secrets through a
different language, in dreams or bodily symptoms
• Role of analyst is to translate this language, re-tell
the patient‟s own secrets to him/her. Once brought to
consciousness, symptoms resolve.
16. Hysterical symptoms
•
“Conversion” (Dora 46): psychological energy is
converted, translated into physiological expression,
a symptom
•
•
Symptoms repeat because the unconscious material
still striving for expression
“Somatic compliance” (Dora 33-34): psychological
energy attaches to a physiological experience or
symptom that the patient already had.
•
•
e.g., physiological basis of Dora‟s cough (74)
psychological meanings of it (74, 31-32, 41, 48)
17. Dreams and Hysteria
Dreams are another way for unconscious material to be
expressed
“…the dream is one of the roads along which
consciousness can be reached by the mental
material which, on account of the opposition aroused
by its content, has been cut off from consciousness
and repressed, and has thus become pathogenic.
The dream, in short, is one of the détours by which
repression can be evaded ….” (Dora 9)
18. How unconscious speaks
through dreams & symptoms
1. Condensation: one symptom can be linked to
many different unconscious thoughts,
desires, etc. (Dora 41)
-- e.g., the “house on fire” in Dora‟s first dream
linked to brother‟s room (57), fear of fire at K‟s
house (57), bedwetting (63), erotic love (64),
desire of kiss from Herr K & Freud (65-66)
-- e.g., the various psychical meanings of Dora‟s
cough (75)
19. How unconscious speaks
through dreams & symptoms
2. Displacement: unconscious thoughts, desires,
etc. are displaced onto different physical
sensations or symptoms
-- e.g., mother wants to save her “jewel-case” in
first dream—displacement of wish for her own
“jewel-case” to be saved (61) (though also
another displacement on p. 62)
-- e.g., Herr K‟s embrace (Dora 22-23): displaces
pressure from lower body to memory of upper
body
20. How unconscious speaks
through dreams & symptoms
3. Reversal of affect: unconscious feelings,
desires can only be accepted into
consciousness as their opposite
-- e.g., Dora‟s desire for Herr K emerges as
disgust when he tries to kiss her (22)
4. Projection: projecting one‟s own feelings or
thoughts onto someone else
-- e.g., Dora reproaching father for relationship
with Frau K. (28-29)
21. Psychoanalytic treatment
The psychoanalyst must interpret the language of
symptoms and dreams, to bring unconscious material
into consciousness, thereby filling in gaps in memory
and resolving symptoms (Dora 11)
• “…the whole effectiveness of the treatment is based
upon our knowledge that the affect attached to an
unconscious idea operates more strongly and …
more injuriously than the affect attached to a
conscious one” (Dora 42).
22. Psychoanalytic treatment
Patient: Communicate everything that comes to mind, in
relation to events, thoughts, dreams, etc., without
criticism or omitting what might seem irrelevant
(Interpretation of Dreams (1899), 101)
Analyst: Listen & interpret w/o preconceived purpose,
try not to let your own unconscious affect your
interpretations; be like a “mirror” for patient‟s
unconscious (“Recommendations to Physicians
Practicing Psycho-analysis” (1912))
23. From An Outline of
Psychoanalysis (1938-1939)
Pact with patient: “complete candour on one side and
strict discretion on the other. This looks as though we
were only aiming at the post of a secular father
confessor. But there is a great difference, for what we
want to hear from our patient is not only what he knows
and conceals from other people; he is to tell us too what
he does not know…. He is to tell us not only what he
can say intentionally and willingly, what will give him
relief like a confession, but everything else as well that
his self-observation yields him, everything that comes
into his head, even if it is disagreeable for him to say it,
even if it seems to him unimportant or actually
nonsensical.
24. Psychoanalytic treatment
Transference: Where the patient treats the doctor like
some other person in his/her life, transferring feelings
s/he has for other person to the doctor (Dora 106-107)
• “What are the transferences? They are new editions or
facsimiles of the tendencies and phantasies which are
aroused and made conscious during the progress of the
analysis; … they replace some earlier person by the
person of the physician” (106)
-- another way that unconscious material comes out—
useful for making these feelings conscious
25. Psychoanalytic treatment
Counter-transference: where the doctor
transfers his/her unconscious feelings, desires
towards something or someone else to the
relationship with the patient; or the
unconscious elements in the doctor that can
affect their interpretations, keep them from
being objective (Freud doesn‟t discuss this in
Dora text).
How much of this may be in evidence in Dora?
26. Freud‟s secrets
The “Dora” case history seems an invitation for readers
to uncover Freud‟s own unconscious secrets
•
It is a “fragment,” it is incomplete (6-7); it contains
gaps itself
o
•
Freud draws attention to how case was recorded
from memory (4); there may be gaps in his own
memory
The case history reads like a psychoanalytic
session: not organized linearly but more by
association, stream of consciousness at times (e.g.,
66, 87)
27. Freud‟s secrets
The treatment failed b/c he didn‟t see the
“transference” early enough (108)
•
Invites us to ask: what in his own
unconscious kept him from seeing this?
Might we engage in “analytic thrusts” into the
dark, hidden recesses of his psyche to
uncover his secrets?
28. Hysteria in the
st
21
century
Conversion disorder: psychological distress,
trauma, conflict is converted into physical
symptoms (no physiological cause can be
found)
Sample symptoms: paralysis in an arm or leg,
numbness, inability to speak, seizures or
convulsions, fainting, hallucinations,
Tourette‟s syndrome-like “tics”
Editor's Notes
I think the top one is Augustine; bottom one is taken by Albert Londe in 1885 at Salpetriere