The document discusses two phases of quality control operations - statistical process control and inspection control. It also describes the concept of quality circles, which are small groups of employees who regularly meet to improve quality-related problems. The key aspects covered are: 1) Statistical process control measures and continuously improves work processes before final inspection, while inspection control inspects raw materials, semi-finished and finished products. 2) Quality circles typically have 6-12 volunteer members who receive training and work to solve quality and productivity problems within their work area. 3) Successful quality circles require buy-in from management and employees, with management supporting implementation of suggested solutions.

1. By
Anu Mary Yohannan

2. TWO PHASES OF OPERATIONS
 CONTROL of an operation in process-STATISTICAL
 INSPECTION control of Raw Materials, Semi-finished
products, and Finished products

3.  Method of Measuring and Continuously Improving
Work Process before the final inspection of the
product
 It is Preventive & Remedial
 Based on THEORY OF SAMPLING-analysis of few
items out of total population
 Considerations-Setting Tolerance Limit of acceptable
quality & measuring the Product Quality
 Useful in Automated Operations & Production of
Product in large volumes

5.  Applied at the stage of Raw Materials, Semi-finished
products, and Finished products
 Done by Quality Control Manager by comparing the
quality of product to the STANDARD or SPECIFICATION
by Visual or Testing Examination
 When & How-Cost of Inspection & Quality
 Sampling & Sample Size depends on Degree of Precision
required

6.  Comprehensive Quality Control is the Effort of an
Organization to Develop, Design, Manufacture,
Inspect, Market & Service products that will Satisfy
the Customers at the time of Purchase and give them
Satisfaction for a long time after purchase
IDEA OF QC
 Western countries-by Quality Control Dept.
(results not satisfactory)
 Japanese system of Management integrated Quality
Control with Manufacturing Dept.

7.  QC is a group of employees that meets regularly to solve
problems affecting its work area(6-12 volunteers)
 Receive training in problem solving, statistical quality
control & group process
 Control activities, Self-Development and mutual
development & Control and Improvement within
workplace utilizing QC techniques with all the
members participating
 Get solutions for quality & productivity problems-
Implementation

8.  An approach to bring Participation & Teamwork
 Philosophy & Methodology-Provides opportunity to
realize & satisfy peoples needs at the work place
 Motivates people to contribute towards organisational
effectiveness through group processes
 It is not only applicable to manufacturing
organizations but to banking, insurance, finance,…
 Respect humanity & build a happy workplace
worthwhile to work
 Display human capabilities fully & eventually draw out
infinite possibilities

10. 1.START-UP PHASE
 convincing people about the utility of change.
 Publicize the concept of QC in organization
 Make people understand the implications of QC
 Initial training to personnel required
2.CONSTITUTION OF QC
 Members of QC are from same work area or doing similar
type of work & are drawn voluntarily
 Involves Steering Committee, Facilitator & Coordinator
 Steering Committee –apex body & advisory body
 Facilitator –Manager of shop responsible for guiding &
directing activities
 Coordinator- coordinate activities on behalf of
management & make operation smooth, effective & self-
sustained

12.  Data collection, Data Analysis, Problem
solving
 Data collection –past records, contacting
employees & self suggestions
 Data Analysis –establish basic reason for a
particular problem
 Problem solving –analyzing suggestions &
taking final decisions through consensus

13.  Relevant groups may be assigned activities depending on nature
of suggestion
Once this process is over, QCs may be organized for entire
organization

14. 1. Absence of right type of attitude among managers &
workers (Counselling about the real concept)
2. Low profile of workers (Proper training)
3. Delay in implementation of suggestions
(Management should take effective step)
4. Non-members of QCs pose problems (Making them
witness QC activities-presentation of solution)
5. Operational problems like members not permitted
to hold meetings during office time(Adequate
support from top management)