deque and it applications
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This document discusses deque, or double-ended queue, which is an abstract data type that allows elements to be added or removed from either end. It describes two types of deques, input-restricted and output-restricted, and common operations like push, pop, and isEmpty. Examples are given of using a deque for palindrome checking, A-Steal job scheduling, and undo-redo operations in software.
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A stack is a linear data structure that follows the last-in, first-out (LIFO) principle. Elements are inserted and removed from one end called the top. The basic operations are push, which inserts an element at the top, and pop, which removes the top element. Stacks have many real-world applications like piles of books and evaluating mathematical expressions. An array can be used to implement a stack by storing elements from index 0 to the top index, and incrementing or decrementing the top index during push and pop operations.
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This document discusses double-ended queues or deques. Deques allow elements to be added or removed from either end. There are two types: input restricted deques where elements can only be inserted at one end but removed from both ends, and output restricted deques where elements can only be removed from one end but inserted from both ends. Deques can function as stacks or queues depending on the insertion and removal ends. The document describes algorithms for common deque operations like insert_front, insert_back, remove_front, and remove_back. It also lists applications of deques like palindrome checking and task scheduling.
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B is inserted at index 1 (back) of the circular queue. back is incremented by 1 using modulo arithmetic to handle wrap-around. count is also incremented.
From previous slide: front = 0, back = 1, count = 2 queue
front = 0
7 0
A back = 2
6 1
B C
back = (1 + 1) % 8
back = 2 % 8
back = 2 5 2
0 queue[2] = C
8√ 2 4 3
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Similar to deque and it applications
In java , I want you to implement a Data Structure known as a Doubly.pdf
In java , I want you to implement a Data Structure known as a Doubly-Ended-Queue. it is a
“fair” data structure in that it implements a FIFO (First In First Out ) behavior. As such, it is
often used to implement various wait lists in computer systems. For example, jobs waiting to use
the CPU, jobs waiting for a printer, jobs waiting to be placed into RAM for execution. In short,
whenever we want a fair strategy for waiting we use queues.
A DEQUE (Doubly-ended-queue) is a related data structure. Although similar to a Queue, it
differs in that it allows for insertions AND deletions from either end of the list (both the front
and the rear).
Your implementation MUST use a doubly-linked-list implementation. You may not use a static
array implementation.
Thus, a Deque is a List but it is one which only concerns itself with the first and last positions for
any insertion or deletion. The 6 operations supported are :
public void insertFront( int item ) - insert the given item (as a node) into the first position of the
Deque.
public void insertRear( int item ) - insert the given item (as a node) into the last position of the
Deque.
public int deleteFront( ) - delete and return the element stored in the first node of the Deque.
public int deletRear( ) – delete and return the element stored in the last node of the Deque.
public boolean isempty( ) - returns true if the Deque is currently empty or false if it is not.
public void printDeque( ) - print the integers from the list, one per line, from the first element
through to the last in order.
Classes
Your program must implement the following 3 classes. public class dequeDriver
This class will contain your program’s main method. It will need to declare a deque object and
process input as indicated below.
Your program should prompt the user for the path of an input file. It should open the file for
input and process it line by line. Each line of the input file will have one of the following forms.
PR
IF
IR
DF
DR
The meanings of each input is as follows:
PR - print the current contents of the deque from front to rear using the printDeque( ) method of
the deque object.
IF - insert the given int value into the front of the deque.
IR - insert the given int value into the rear of the deque.
DF - delete the front value from the deque.
DR – delete the rear element of the deque.
Below is an example input file that your program should be able to process.
PR
IF 4
IF 5
IF 6
IR 7
PR
DR
PR
DF
PR
The output for the input file shown above is :
EMPTY DEQUE
----- Front -----
6
5
4
7
----- Rear -----
----- Front -----
6
5
4
----- Rear -----
----- Front -----
5
4
----- Rear -----
public class dequeNode
This class will implement the linked nodes that will be used to implement the deque itself.
It should have the following protected data members.
protected dequeNode next; // next pointer to next node
protected dequeNode prev; // previous pointer to previous node
protected int val; // the integer value stored within the dequeNod.
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The document discusses queues and priority queues. It defines a queue as a waiting line that grows by adding elements to its end and shrinks by taking elements from its front. Common queue operations include enqueue, dequeue, front, clear, isEmpty. Queues follow FIFO order. Priority queues allow elements to be dequeued out of order based on priority. Array and linked list implementations of regular and priority queues are presented. Applications discussed include round robin scheduling, waiting lists, and shared resource access.
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This document discusses queues, which are linear data structures that follow a first-in, first-out (FIFO) principle. Elements are added to the rear of the queue and removed from the front. Circular queues are also covered, which connect the rear and front to address limitations of linear queues. Real-world applications of queues include lines at stores, waiting on hold, escalators, and bookstore checkouts. Algorithms for enqueue and dequeue operations on both linear and circular queues are provided.
Data structure and algorithm.(dsa)
1. Linear data structures like arrays, stacks, queues, and linked lists process data items in a linear fashion.
2. Stacks follow a last-in, first-out principle where the last item inserted is the first removed.
3. Queues follow a first-in, first-out principle where the first item inserted is the first removed.
Queue data structure
The document discusses queues and their implementation and applications. It begins by describing the physical nature of queues and some real-world examples where queues are used, such as waiting in line. It then defines queues as abstract data types and common queue operations like enqueue and dequeue. The document provides examples of implementing queues using arrays and linked lists, including pseudocode for basic queue methods. It also demonstrates using queues in C# code and discusses edge cases like empty queues.
Data Structures by Maneesh Boddu
The document discusses various data structures including stacks, queues, and their implementations. It defines stacks as ordered collections where insertion and deletion occurs at one end in a LIFO manner. Queues are defined as collections where insertion occurs at the rear and deletion at the front in a FIFO manner. Circular queues are introduced to avoid overflow in normal queues by allowing insertion at the front when the rear reaches the end. Implementation of stacks and queues using arrays is demonstrated through algorithms for push, pop, add, and delete operations. Applications of these data structures are also briefly mentioned.
queuesArrays.ppt bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb
This document discusses queues as a data structure. It defines queues as lists that only allow insertions at one end and deletions at the other end, following a First-In First-Out (FIFO) ordering. Common queue operations like add, remove, and peek are introduced. Examples of queues in computer science and real world are provided, like print job queues and lines. Implementations of queues using arrays and linked lists are briefly described.
computer notes - Data Structures - 9
The document discusses data structures like stacks and queues. It provides examples of implementing a queue using both a linked list and an array. It describes how a queue is a FIFO structure where elements are inserted at the rear and removed from the front. It also discusses some uses of queues, providing a bank simulation as an example where a queue models customers waiting to be served by tellers.
JAVA A double-ended queue is a list that allows the addition and.pdf
**JAVA** A double-ended queue is a list that allows the addition and removal of items from
either end. One end is arbitrarily called the front and other the rear, but the two ends behave
identically. Specify, design and implement a class for a double-ended queue. Include operations
to check if it is empty and to return the number of items in the list. For each end, include
operations for adding and deleting items. Use doubly linked list for your implementation. Call
your class Deque (pronounced \"deck\").
Solution
//package com.java2novice.ds.queue;
public class DequeDblLinkedListImpl {
private LinkedNode front;
private LinkedNode rear;
public void insertFront(T item){
//add element at the beginning of the queue
System.out.println(\"adding at front: \"+item);
LinkedNode nd = new LinkedNode();
nd.setValue(item);
nd.setNext(front);
if(front != null) front.setPrev(nd);
if(front == null) rear = nd;
front = nd;
}
public void insertRear(T item){
//add element at the end of the queue
System.out.println(\"adding at rear: \"+item);
LinkedNode nd = new LinkedNode();
nd.setValue(item);
nd.setPrev(rear);
if(rear != null) rear.setNext(nd);
if(rear == null) front = nd;
rear = nd;
}
public void removeFront(){
if(front == null){
System.out.println(\"Deque underflow!! unable to remove.\");
return;
}
//remove an item from the beginning of the queue
LinkedNode tmpFront = front.getNext();
if(tmpFront != null) tmpFront.setPrev(null);
if(tmpFront == null) rear = null;
System.out.println(\"removed from front: \"+front.getValue());
front = tmpFront;
}
public int size(){
if(front == null && rear ==null){
return 0;
}
//remove an item from the beginning of the queue
LinkedNode tmpFront = front;
LinkedNode tmpRear = rear;
int i=0;
while(tmpFront != rear)
{
i++;
tmpFront=tmpFront.getNext();
}
i++;
return i;
}
public void removeRear(){
if(rear == null){
System.out.println(\"Deque underflow!! unable to remove.\");
return;
}
//remove an item from the beginning of the queue
LinkedNode tmpRear = rear.getPrev();
if(tmpRear != null) tmpRear.setNext(null);
if(tmpRear == null) front = null;
System.out.println(\"removed from rear: \"+rear.getValue());
rear = tmpRear;
}
public static void main(String a[]){
DequeDblLinkedListImpl deque = new DequeDblLinkedListImpl();
deque.insertFront(34);
deque.insertFront(67);
System.out.println(\"Size of the queue : \"+deque.size());
deque.insertFront(29);
deque.insertFront(765);
deque.removeFront();
deque.removeFront();
deque.removeFront();
deque.insertRear(43);
deque.insertRear(83);
deque.insertRear(84);
deque.insertRear(546);
deque.insertRear(356);
deque.removeRear();
deque.removeRear();
deque.removeRear();
deque.removeRear();
deque.removeFront();
deque.removeFront();
deque.removeFront();
}
}
class LinkedNode{
private LinkedNode prev;
private LinkedNode next;
private T value;
public LinkedNode getPrev() {
return prev;
}
public void setPrev(LinkedNode prev) {
this.prev = prev;
}
public LinkedNode getNext() {
return next;
}
public void setNext(L.
المحاضرة الثامنة: تراكيب البيانات الطابور
This document discusses data structures and queues in Java. It provides an introduction to queues, describing them as first-in, first-out data structures where elements are appended to the end and removed from the beginning. It also discusses priority queues, where elements have priorities and the highest priority element is removed first. The document then discusses implementing queues and priority queues in Java and provides code examples for queue operations like enqueue and dequeue. It concludes with briefly mentioning some queue variations like circular queues and double-ended queues.
Java Language fundamental
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This document discusses stacks and their applications. It begins with an introduction to stacks, describing them as data structures that follow the last-in, first-out (LIFO) principle. It then outlines stack operations like push, pop, top, and describes how stacks can be implemented using arrays or linked lists. Several applications of stacks are mentioned, including parenthesis matching, expression evaluation in postfix notation, handling function calls and returns, and undo sequences. Examples are provided to illustrate postfix notation, converting infix to postfix expressions, and evaluating postfix expressions using a stack.
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Sorting Algorithms
The document discusses several sorting algorithms and their time complexities:
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- Quicksort uses a divide-and-conquer approach and has O(n log n) time complexity on average but can be O(n^2) in the worst case.
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Ch03_stacks_and_queues.ppt
The document discusses templates in C++ and various data structures like stacks, queues, and mazes. It provides template definitions for a stack, queue, and selection sort algorithm. It also covers inheritance between abstract data types like using a stack as a subclass of a bag. Finally, it presents a maze as an example problem that could utilize a queue to solve by breadth-first search.
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This document discusses queues as an abstract data type and their common implementations and operations. Queues follow first-in, first-out (FIFO) ordering, with new items added to the rear and removed from the front. Queues can be implemented using either arrays or linked lists. Array implementations involve tracking the front, rear, and size of the queue, with special logic needed when the rear reaches the end. Linked list implementations use head and tail pointers to reference the front and rear of the queue. Common queue operations like enqueue and dequeue are also described.
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This document discusses stacks and queues as data structures. It begins by explaining what a stack is, noting that a stack follows last-in, first-out ordering. It then provides an analogy using mail delivery to explain the stack concept. The document goes on to provide Java code examples for implementing a stack. It also gives examples of using a stack to reverse a word and check balanced parentheses. Next, the document defines queues as first-in, first-out data structures and provides Java code for implementing a queue. It concludes by explaining how stacks can be used to parse arithmetic expressions by first converting them to postfix notation.
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- 1. deque And Its Applications B.Manoj - 13MX27 M.Parthiban - 13MX32 R.Sathasivam - 13MX41 G.Sivanantham - 13MX45 N.TamilArasan – 13MX49
- 2. What is deque ? A double-ended queue is an abstract data type that generalizes a queue, for which elements can be added to or removed from either the front or rear. It is also often called a head-tail linked list.
- 3. Types Input-restricted deque Deletion can be made from both ends , but Insertion can be made at one end only. Output-restricted deque Insertion can be made at both ends , but Deletion can be made from one end only.
- 4. Operations pushRear() - Insert element at back pushFront() - Insert element at front popRear() - Remove last element popFront() - Remove first element isEmpty() – Checks whether the queue is empty or not.
- 5. Example of deque Operation Operation deque Contents Return Value isEmpty() [] True pushFront(‘a’) [‘a’] pushFront(‘b’) [‘b’ , ‘a’] pushRear(‘c’) [‘b’ , ‘a’ , ‘c’] popFront() [‘a’ , ‘c’] ‘b’ isEmpty() [‘a’ , ‘c’] False popRear() [‘a’] ‘c’
- 6. deque Applications Palindrome Checker Madam, Radar, Malayalam are some examples for palindrome
- 7. deque Applications A-Steal job scheduling algorithm – The A-Steal algorithm implements task scheduling for several processors(multiprocessor scheduling). – The processor gets the first element from the deque. – When one of the processor completes execution of its own threads it can steal a thread from another processor. – It gets the last element from the deque of another processor and executes it.
- 8. deque Applications Undo - Redo operation in software applications
- 9. Any Query ?
- 10. Thank You