1. Zmtam-Z-c≥am-ÿ was a prolific writer and intellectual in 20th century Kerala who wrote on many topics. 2. He had an unconventional life and wrote about marginalized groups and critiqued society from the perspectives of the poor and oppressed. 3. He was considered a pioneering thinker who helped establish modern Malayalam literature and opened it up to discuss previously taboo topics.

1. 1
ni-_vZ-am-°m-m-hmØ mhv
2012 am¿®v 28 ]I¬
""............. s]s´∂v F√mw A´nadn-bp-∂p. At±lw Pohn-®n-cp-∂-t∏mƒ I≠n-s√∂v Sn-
®n-cp∂ Xt‚-Sßfn-te°v Iyma-dIfpw t]-Ifpw Iq´-tØmsS Ib-dn-bn-dßp-∂p. AXp-hsc
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tIƒ°mØ i_vZ-Øns‚ _m°n-]{Xw Xpd-∂p-tm-°p-∂p. ]d-b-s∏-´n-´n-√mØ `mj-bn¬
X¬k-abw Ia‚-dn-Iƒ XpS-ßp-∂p............''
CXv Zmtam-Z-c≥amÿ Fgp-Xn-h® Ah-km cwK-a-√, acn®p F∂v Dd-∏m-b-t∏mƒ Ac-
tß-dnb cwK-am-Wv. amjv Pohn-®n-cnbv°p-tºmƒ Cßn-s-sbmcp cwKw S-°n-√m-bn-cp-∂p.
Bdp ]Xn-‰m≠p ]n∂n´ B s]mXp-Po-hnXw Hcn-°epw Hcp Iyma-d-tbbpw Hcp t]-tbbpw
Cßs ASp-∏n-®n-´n-√. F∂m¬ B lrZbw ne® nan-j-Øns‚ NqSmdpw apºv kI-e-am-
[y-a-ßfpw B PohnXw tXSn-sb-Øn. aXn-bmb tcJ-I-fn-√msX "tÃmdn-Iƒ' ]Wn-Xp. Nq≠p
hnc-ens‚ IcpØv Hcm-bp-jv°mew Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn® Ia-t‚-‰¿ ni_vZ-m-b-Xns‚ {]Jym-
]w X¬k-abw Ia‚-dn-bmbn ˛""cmjv{Sob knn-a-I-fpsS BNm-cy≥ Hm¿Ω-bm-bn...''
Cu cwKw amjv ]t£ ap≥Iq´n I≠n-cp-∂p. HSp-hn¬ Xs‚ ac-W-apJw ImWm-s-
Øp-∂-h¿°mbn Xs‚ Ah-km-sØ Ia‚dn dnt°mUv sNbvXv ssa°n-eqsS tIƒ∏n-°-
W-sa∂ B{Klw S-∂n√ F∂p-am-{Xw. tPm¨t]mƒ AS-°ap≈ kplr-Øp-°tfmSv CXp
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]d-™p-h-®n-cp-∂p. "mh-S-°m-Ø'-hsc kaqlw ssIImcyw sNøp∂ hn[w Fß-s-bm-
bn-cp-∂p F∂p Im´p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p amjns‚ e£yw.
""IrjvW]n≈ an≠m-Xm-hWsa-¶n¬ Abm-fpsS izmkw nebv°Ww''˛ Cu mSv (1982)
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izmkw nebv°pw hscbpw amjn-s‚bpw mh-S-°m≥ B¿°p-am-bn-√.
IY˛Xnc-°Y˛kw-`m-jWw-˛ Sn.-Zm-tam-Zc≥ F∂p sh≈n-Øn-cbn¬ sXfn-bp-tºmƒ IøSn
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Db-cp∂ Xntb‰-dp-Iƒ F¨]-Xp-I-fpsS Hm¿Ω-bm-Wv. AXn-e-∏p-d-sam∂pw hn°o-]o-Un-b-
bn¬ In´n-√. ]pXnb am[ya Po-hn-XØns‚ kq{X-hm-Iy-amb KqKn-fn¬ tm°n-bm¬ GXmpw
-
kq∏¿ln‰v knn-aIfpsS t]cp-IqSn In´n-tb-°pw. 90˛Ifnse am[ya-kvt^m-SØns‚ k¥-
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Xn-I-fmb Hcp Nm-ens‚ Iønepw amjns‚ Hcp Pohn-X-tc-Jbpw Hcn-°-ep-ap-≠m-bn-´n-√.
Hcp tUmIyp-sa‚-dn-bnepw At±lw A`n--bn-°m≥ t]mbn-´n√. Hc-®Sn am[y-a-Øn-s‚bpw
tiJ-c-Øn¬ amjv ]n∂n´ {Sm°p-I-fpsS Hcp I´n-ßp-t]m-ep-ap-≠mIn√. ΩpsS kI-e-am-
[y-a-ß-fp-sSbpw Ifn-n-b-aßtfmSv C{Xbpw hn´p-ho-gvN-bn-√msX s]mcp-Xnb as‰mcp ae-
bm-fnbpw C{Xbpw o≠ s]mXp-Po-hnXw bn-®p-Im-Wn-√.
Hcp tXm‰ ap-jy--√m-bn-cp∂p Sn. Zmtam-Z-c≥. 1956 hw-_¿ H∂nv A∂sØ anI®
bqn-th-gvkn‰n AXve‰v F∂ nebv°v tIc-f-∏n-d-hn-bpsS hnf°v sImfp-Øp-hmp≈ Zo]-
in- J - b v s °m∏w HmSn- Ø p- S - ß n- b - X m- W v . ]ns∂ amm- © nd ssaXm- sØ {Xkn- ∏ n®
^pSvt_mƒsπb¿, eoKnse Xmc-am-bn-cp∂ {_tZgvkv Soans‚ kwLm-S-I-≥, ske-IvS¿,
Kme-dn-Isf Cf-°n-a-dn® d^-dn, Ifn-I-fpsS D≈p-I-fn-Iƒ ]Tn-∏n® tIm®v, t{imXm-°sf
Nm¬Im-eØnp apºv tdUn-tbm°p apºn¬ ]nSn-®n-cp-Ønb BIm-ihm-Wn-bnse dÆnwKv
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Iat‚‰¿, aq∂v ]Xn-‰m≠v Imbn-I£aXbp≈ in£y-KWßsf hm¿sØ-SpØ {Un¬amÿ,
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Ifn-n-ba߃ {]N-cn-∏n®v ^pSvt_m-fn-s-bpw, _mkv°‰vt_mfn-s-bpw, thmfn-t_m-fn-sbpw
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sIm≠mSnb ae-bm-f-Ønse kvt]m¿Svkv tP¿W-enkØns‚ XpS-°-°m-cn-sem-cmƒ, tImgn-
t°mSv tdUntbm tÃj≥ h∂-Imew apX¬ Ahn-SsØ ÿncw B¿´n-Ãv, S≥, mS-I-Ir-
Øv, Kmb-I≥, ae-_m-dns‚ mS-I-N-cn-{X-Øn¬ hgn-Øn-cn-hp-Iƒ krjvSn® s{]m^-j-W¬
mSIßfpsS Aa-c-°m-c≥, mS-tIm-’h kwLm-S-I≥, {]Pm tkmjy-enÃv ]m¿´n {]Nm-

2. 2
c-I≥, IΩyq-Wn-Ãv, IΩyq-WnÃv hna¿i-I≥, 60˛-I-fn¬ ae-bmf knn-a-bn¬ thmŸm--
sa-Øn® knn-aIfpsS AWn-bd{]-h¿Ø-I≥, S≥, kXy-PnØv tdbpsS "]tY¿ ]m©men'
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bpsS shfn®w BZy-ambn tImgn-t°m-s´-Øn-b-t∏mƒ AXnv X¬k-abw ae-bm-f-Øn¬
dÆnßv Ia‚dn Hcp-°nb ^neow skmssk‰n {]h¿Ø-I≥, G‰hpw HSp-hn¬ 80-˛-I-fpsS
XpS-°-Øn¬ aebmf knn-a°v P-Iob cmjv{So-b-Øns‚ ASn-Ød ]WnX Xnc-°-Ym-Ir-
Øv, Fgp-]-XpIfpsS A¥ywhsc XpS¿∂ knn-a-bnse H‰mb-I k¶-ev]-ßsf _lpkz-
c-[m-c-bn-te°v tamNn-∏n® ""CumSn''s‚ Ne-®n{X inev]n-, acn-®-hcpw Pohn-®n-cn-∏p-≈-h-cp-
amb hn{K-l-ßsf DS-®p-sIm-t≠bn-cp∂ hmsamgnNcn-{X-Im-c≥, acWw hscbpw Xf-cmØ
bp‡n-hm-Zn, acn-®mepw Hcp I¿Ω-ßfpw ]mSn-s√∂v a°sf ap≥Iq´n ]d-t™-ev]n® A—≥˛
Sn.-Zm-tam-Z-c≥amÿ Ncn{Xw Iøn-se-SpØv S-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
B-chw apg-°n-s°m-≠n-cp∂ Kme-dn-Iƒ F∂pw amjnv Np‰pw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]e
hnIm-c-ß-fp-sSbpw t]m¿ap-J-߃ amjv AhnsS tcn-´p. F∂pw Hcmƒ°q-´sØ B
t]cphln®p. tIcfw ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS amXr-`q-an-bmbn amdnb C°gn™ Bdp ]Xn-‰m-≠n¬
ae-bmfn Ifn® Hcp-hn[w Ifn-IfpsSsbms° d^-dn-bm-bn-cp∂p Zmtam-Z-c≥am-jv. ssaXm--
Ønepw cmjv{So-b-Ønepw knn-a-bnepw kmln-Xy-Ønepw nXy-Po-hn-X-Ønepw am[y-a-ß-fn-
ep-sam-s° Ac-tß-dp∂ Ifn-Iƒ°v D®-Øn¬ hnkn-eqXn ^uƒ hnfn-°m≥ amjv F∂pw
HmSn-s°m-t≠-bn-cp-∂p. kz¥w sNbvXn-IfpsS `hn-jy-Øp-Isf `b-∂tX-bn-√. F{X Acn™p
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hogvØm≥ tm°n-bn´pw B mhv n»-_vZ-am-bn-√. ]d-®n-e-S-ßmØ B mhv ImcWw Ncn-
{X-Øns‚ hcm-¥-I-fn¬ n∂p-t]mepw Xs‚ t]cv ssZh-߃ XpS-®p-am-‰n-b-t∏mgpw amjv
Ipep-ßn-b-tX-bn-√.
hmsamgn Ncn-{X-Im-c≥
]d-®n-em-bn-cp∂p amjns‚ Ie. Hm¿Ω-bm-bn-cp∂p G‰hpw henb _ew. XocmØ
kwi-b-ß-fp-ambn Ncn-{X-Øn-te°v B≠n-d-ßm≥ CX-t±-lsØ t{]cn-∏n-®p. Ncn-{X-an-Yy-
Iƒ D≠m-hp-∂sXßssb∂v Npgn™p ]cn-tim-[n®psImt≠-bn-cp-∂p. teJ-tam ]pkvX-
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Itam Fgp-Xm≥ th≠n-bm-bn-cp-∂n√ AXv. adn®v Adn-hns hntam-N--Øns‚ sImSn-b-S-
bm-f-am-°m-p≈ t]mcm-´-am-bn-cp∂p AXv.
C¥y°v kzmX{¥yw tSn-Ø∂Xn¬ Km‘n-tb-°mƒ ]¶p-h-ln-®Xv c≠mw-tem-I-bp-
≤-Øns‚ KXn-am-‰n-adn® Ãmenpw N¿®n-ep-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw djy≥ hnπ-hØntem tkmhn-
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b‰v bqWn-b≥ sI´n-∏Sp-°p-∂Xntem senv Hcp ]¶p-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw ^nZ¬ Imkvt{Sm-
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bpsS kzP--]-£-]mXam-bn-cp∂p sN Kp-thcsb Iyq_-bn¬ n∂pw HmSn-®-sX∂pw Ãmen-
t-°mƒ henb Iq´-s°meIƒ°v hgn-sbm-cp-°n-bXv amthm-bpsS ssN-bm-sW∂pw F√m
hnπ-h-ßfpw cmjv{Sob FXn-cm-fn-Isf i{Xp-°-fmbn ap{Z-IpØn Iq´-s°me sNbvX-Xns‚
IqSn Ncn-{X-am-sW∂pw C¥y≥ hn`-P--Im-eØv Pn∂-bpsS tXr-Xz-Øn¬ Ac-tß-dnb
"tSm´¬ B£≥' F∂ Iq´-s°m-e-bpsS Ncn{Xw Km‘n-b-S-°-ap≈ F√m-hcmepw aqSn-h-
bv°s∏´ A[ym-bam-sW∂pw Km‘n-h[w AXns‚ XpS¿®-bm-sW∂pw Awt_-Zv°sd Ncn-
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{X-Øn¬ n∂pw AI-‰n-n¿Øn-b-Xn¬ Km‘n-b-S-°-ap≈ kh¿Æ-tIm¨{K v tXrXzw
Ip‰-I-c-amb KqVm-tem-N Im´n-sb∂pw ]p∂-{]-h-b-em-dns‚ Ncn-{X-Øn¬ n∂pw A∂-
hnsS ]m¿´n sk{I-´-dn-bm-bn-cp∂ Ip¥-°mc≥ ]t{Xm-kns njv°mkw sNbvX Ip‰-
Øn¬ n∂pw ]n¬°m-eØv AXns‚ Xe-sXm-´-∏∑mcm-b-h¿°v c£-s∏-Sm-m-hn-s√∂pw
tIc-f-Øn¬ IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿´n-I-fnse t{SUv bqWn-b≥ apX-em-fnØw ChnsS hf¿∂Xv
Ah¿ apX-em-fn-Ø-Øns‚ ]¶p-°-®-h-S-°m-cm-bXn-mem-sW∂pw tIcf Ncn-{XsØ hgn-
Xn-cn-®p-hn-´Xv "1921'se kw`-h-hn-Im-k-߃ BsW∂pw tIcfw C∂p `cn-bv°p-∂Xv ]W-am-
sW∂pw ]W-amWv cmjv{So-b°m-cpsS aq¿Øn-sb∂pw amjv Ncn-{X-{K-Ÿßƒ km£n-bm°n
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In´nb kμ¿`-ß-fn-sems° ]d--™p-sIm-t≠-bn-cp-∂p.

3. 3
tkmhn-b‰v bqWn-b≥ XI¿∂-t∏mƒ IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿´n B¿tI-hns‚ Npa-X-e-bp-
≠m-bn-cp∂ Ncn-{X-Im-c-mb P-d¬ Znan{Xn thmƒ°-t·mhv BZy-ambn B¿tIhv tcJ-
Iƒ ]pd-Øp-hn-´p-sIm≠v Xøm-dm-°nb sen-s‚bpw Ãmen-s‚bpw t{SmSvkvIn-bp-sS-bpw
_rlXvPohNcn-{X-{K-Ÿ-߃ hmbn®v Xm≥ ]Xn-‰m-≠p-IƒsIm≠v FØn-t®¿∂ hmZ-ap-J-
߃°v amjv ASn-h-c-bn-´p. Ncn-{X-Ønv Fs∂-¶nepw tcns‚ hgntb FØm-Xn-cn-bv°m-
m-hn-s√∂ {]Xo£ At±lw ssIhn-SmsX n∂p.
h¿jß-tfmfw A®-Sn-bn-en-√m-Xn-cp∂ aptkm-fn-n-bpsS acp-a-Is‚ ""knbmtm Ub-dn-
°p-dn-∏p-Iƒ'' ]pd-Øn-dßn-sb∂v Adn™ DS≥ e≠-n-ep≈ Xs‚ _‘p hgn AXp kwL-
-
Sn-∏n®v Bth-i-tØmsS amjv AXn¬ ]c-Xn-sIm-≠n-cp-∂Xv tkzm—m-[n-]-Xn-I-fpsS ]X--
sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ kz¥w Dƒ°m-gv®-Iƒ Xs∂-bmtWm aptkm-fn-n-bpsS Imcy-Ønepw kw`-
hn-®Xv F∂-dn-bm-m-bn-cp-∂p. temI-Ønse GXp m´n-sebpw GIm-[n-]-Xn-I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈
{KŸ-߃ hne-s°m-SpØv hmßn Ipdn-∏p-Iƒ Xøm-dm-°p∂ tPmen Hcp nXy-m`ym-k-am-bn-
cp∂p amjv°v. cm{Xn At±-l-Ønv Dd-ßp-hm≥ D≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂n-√. AXv hmb-°pw Fgp-
Ønpw D≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. D®-bm-bn-cp∂p amjns‚ Dd-°-k-a-bw.
hn{K-l-ß-fpsS {]Xn-Im-cw
-apJw tm°mØ hn{K-l`RvPI-m-bn-cp-∂p -Zm-tam-Z-c≥am-ÿ. hn{K-l-߃ XI¿°p-
∂-Xn¬ Akm-[m-c-W-am-sbmcp Bμw amjv Ap--`-hn-®n-cp-∂p. Cu {ia-Øns‚ `mK-amWv
Pohn-®n-cn-°p∂ hn{K-l-ß-sfbpw Ncn-{X-Øns‚ ssIIƒsIm≠v Xs∂ DS-°p-hm-p≈
{ia-߃. F∂m¬ CXnv Xncn-®-Sn-Iƒ `b-¶-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. Bfl-an-{X-߃t]mepw amsj
Hcp thZn ]¶n-Sm≥ £Wn-bv°m≥ `b-∂p. amjv F¥mWv ]d-bm≥ t]mIp-∂sX∂v B¿°pw-
{]h-Nn-°m-m-hp-am-bn-cp-∂n√˛""amsj ]nSn-®m¬ In´n-√, kq£n-°Ww'' ˛ D‰an{X-߃t]mepw
AS°w ]d-™p. kp{]-[m thZn-I-fn¬ n∂pw amsj Ah¿ hn´p-]n-Sn-®p. F∂m¬ In´nb
Ah-k-c-ß-fn-sems° GXv kwLm-S-I-scbpw Aºc-∏n-®p-sIm≠v amjv Xs∂-°p-dn®v
Ah¿°p≈ `bw icn-h-®p.
apJm-ap-J-Ønv Xs∂ tXSn-sb-Ønb Hmtcm ]{X/Nm¬ teJ-I-tcmSpw amjv hyh-
ÿ-Iƒ h®p ˛ ""Fs‚ Hmtcm anp´npw C{X cq]-h®v thWw. ]ns∂ Rm≥ ]d-bp-∂-
sXm∂pw sh´msX sImSp°pw F∂ Dd∏pw thWw''˛ Hcp ]{X-Ønpw Hcp Nm-enpw
kΩ-Xn-®p-sIm-Sp-°m≥ ]‰mØ hyh-ÿ-bm-bn-cp∂p A-Xv. Bdp ]Xn-‰m-≠p-°mew ]e ne-
I-fnepw s]mXp-Po-hnXw bn® Hcmƒ kI-e-am-[y-a-ß-fn¬ n∂pw AI-∂p-t]m-b-Xns‚
Hcp ImcWw Chn-sS-bm-Wv. IqSmsX At±lw ]d-bm≥ D±-in-°p-∂Xv GXp-Xcw A{]n-b-k-
Xy-ß-fmWv F∂-dn-bp-∂-h-cm-Is´ ASp-°m-sX-bp-am-bn. hn{K-l`RvPIpw hn{K-l-ßfpw
XΩn-ep≈ bp≤-Øn¬ am[y--a-߃ ]qPm-hn-{K-l-߃s°m∏w n∂p F∂p am{Xw.
DS™hn-{K-l-߃
Cu Ncn-{X-Øn¬ G‰hpw ]d-b-s∏-´Xpw F∂m¬ Hcn-°epw A®-Sn-bv°-s∏-Sm-Ø-Xp-
amb A[ym-b-amWv amjns‚ "DS-™-hn-{K-l-߃'. 60˛IfpsS XpS-°-Øn-emWv amjns‚
Cu mSIw BZy-ambn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. AsXmcp shfn-®-∏m-Sns‚ PohnX Zpc-¥-
Øns‚ Bhn-jv°m-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ahn-`‡ IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿´n-bpsS Iq´m-bva-bm-bn-cp∂
ao©¥ Iem-km-K¿ ayqknIv ¢_ns‚ Poh-m-Un-bm-bn-cp∂p A∂v amjv. Iq´nv _m_p-
cmPpw tImgn-t°mSv A_vZpƒ JmZdpw Imknw-`m-bp-sams°bp≠v. F∂m¬ ]m¿´n-bnse
]nf¿∏v Iem-km-Kdns n›-eam-°n-bt∏mƒ mS-Ihpw n∂p-t]m-bn. ]m¿´n-s°-Xnsc i_vZ-
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ap-b¿Øp∂ shfn-®-∏m-Sns‚ aIs‚ cmjv{So-b-Øn¬ XncpØp hcp-Øn-bm¬ mSIw Gs‰-
Sp-°m-sa∂v C.-Fw.-Fkv n¿t±-in-s®-¶nepw amjnXv kzoIm-cy-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]n∂oSv BZym-

4. 4
h-X-c-W-Ønv h¿j-߃°ptijw Fgp-]-XpI-fpsS XpS-°-Øn¬ _me≥ sI mb-cpsS
kp`mjv Xnb-t‰gvkv ""DS™ hn{K-l-߃'' Gs‰-Sp-Øp. F∂m¬ ]p-c-h-X-c-W-Øns‚
{U v dntl-gvk¬ Imºn¬ h®v S∂ as‰mcp Xncp-ج n¿t±iw tImgn-t°m-S≥ kulr-
Z-ßfn¬ krjvSn® hn≈-ep-IfpsS {]Xym-LmXw IqSn-bm-bn-cp∂p amjns‚ ]n≥°me Pohn-
- -
Xw. "DS™ hn{K-l-ß-fn'¬ shfn-®-∏mSv Xs‚ ]qPm-hn-{K-l-amb tZhn°v ap∂n¬ kz¥w
Xe sh´n-s]m-fn®v tNmc Xp∏n acn-°p-∂Xm-bn-cp∂p ss¢am-Ivkv. F∂m¬ AXv dn∏ƒkohmb
-
ss¢am-Ivkm-sW∂pw am‰-Wsa-∂p-w ]d™p Xncp-Øn-®Xv DS-bm≥ hn{K-lßfp-≈Xp-sIm≠v
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Cnbpw Ncn-{X-am-bn-´n-√.
kz¥w mS-I-Øns‚ "hniz-cq]w' kpcm-kp-hns‚ t]cn¬ ]pc-kv°m-c-߃ tSn-b-X-
dn™v tamjvSm-hns tXSn tImgn-t°ms´Øn F√m-h-cpw "Aev]w sshIn-t∏mbn' F∂v
ssI ae¿Øn-b-t∏mƒ t] IpØn-bp-S®v Cn Fgp-Xp-I-tb-bn-s√∂p i]Yw sNbvXv Fgp-
Øn¬ n∂pw Fs∂-t∂-°p-ambn ]n≥hm-ßnb B‚Wn F∂ ]mhw mS-I-Ir-Øns‚
Zpc-t¥-Xn-lmkw Bh¿Øn-°p-∂-Xnv ]Icw Zmtam-Z-c-≥amÿ sNbvXXv hm°ns‚ Bh-
m-gn-bnse Ah-km Akv{X-ßfpsaSpØv knn-a-bn¬ ]pXnb Ncn{Xw krjvSn-°p-I-bm-
bn-cp∂p. ]Xn-‰m-≠p-Iƒ°v tijw s¬k¨ s^¿Wm-≠kv Xs‚ "mSI cmhp-Iƒ' Fgp-
Xp-tºm-gmWv B‚-Wn-bpsS "hniz-cq]w' Fßns kpcm-kp-hn-s‚-Xmbn F∂ kXyw kaIm-
eo ae-bmfw hmcnI ]pd-Ødn-bn-bv°p-∂Xv. XpS¿∂v B Ncn-{X-Ønv km£n-bmb Blzm≥
- -
sk_m-Ãypw AXp icn-h-®p. h¿§o-kns shSn-sh®v sIm∂Xv cma-N{μ≥ mb-cm-sW∂v
shfn-s∏-Sp-Øep-≠m-Ip-∂Xv hsc B Ncn{Xw as‰m-∂m-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv t]mse-bm-Wv kmlnXy
-
Ncn-{X-ßfpw. Cuiz-c-hm-cy-cpsS aI≥ c‡-km£n cmPs Bcv Dcp-´n-s°m-∂p-sh∂pw
arX-tZlw F¥p-sN-bvsX∂pw Cnbpw Bcpw shfn-s∏-´p-Øn-bn-√m-ØXv sIm≠v AXnnbpw
Ncn-{X-am-Im≥ ImØp-In-S-°p-I-bm-Wv.
DS-™-hn-{Kl߃ krjvSn-® cmKtZz-jy-ß-fpsS Ae-sbm-en-Iƒ efn-X-ambncp∂n√.
ae-_mdnse mS-INcn{Xw amXr-`qan BgvN∏Xn-∏n¬ Xnt°m-Sn-b‚ "Ac-ßp-Im-WmØ S≥'
- - - - -
F∂ Bfl-I-Y-bm-b-t∏mƒ Sn.-Zm-tam-Zc≥ F∂ hm°v t]mepw AXn¬ n∂pw Hgn-hm-°-
s∏-´p. CXnv Xnt°m-Sn-b≥ Xm≥ IqSn Dƒs∏´ mS-I-N-cn-{X-Ønse A]q¿Δ A[ym-b-
amWv ad-®p-h-®-Xv. AXv Fw.Snbpw sI.-Snbpw Xnt°m-Sn-bpw Sn.Zm-tam-Z-cpw FgpXn amjv
Ah-X-cn-∏n® "hgn-b-ºew' F∂ mS-I-Øns‚ Ncn-{X-am-Wv. kz¥w ac-W-Ønp apºv "hgn-
b-ºe' Øns‚ n¿Ωm-Xm-hm-bn-cp∂ Blzm≥ sk_m-Ãys‚ Bfl-IYbn-eq-sS-bmWv AXv
- -
A®-Sn-°-s∏´ Ncn-{X-am-Ip-∂-Xv.
knn-a-bn-te°v hcpw-ap-ºp≈ mS-I-h¿j-ß-fn¬ Sn.-Zm-tam-Z-c≥ FgpXn Ah-X-cn-∏n®
mSI߃ nc-h-[n-bm-Wv. _me≥ sI.mb¿, IpXnch´w ]∏p, Ip™m-h, Ip™m-≠n,
B¿.-sI.mb¿, s√n-t°mSv `mkvI-c≥, hmkp-{]-Zo-]v, im¥m-tZ-hn, a®m´v hmk-¥n, hnem-
kn-n, _m_p-cm-Pv, tImgn-t°mSv A_vZpƒ JmZ¿ XpS-ßnb henb Iq´m-bva-bm-bn-cp∂p
AXv. s{]m^-k¿ Cuiz-c-hm-cy-cpsS ASn-b-¥-cm-h-ÿ-bn¬ c‡-km-£n-bmb aI≥ cmP≥
amjns‚ "ng¬' B¿.-C.kn bn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. A∂v tImgn-t°mSv Kh¨sa‚ v
B¿Svkv tImtf-Pn¬ A[ym-]-I-m-bn-cp∂ Cuiz-c-hm-cy¿ amjns‚ Ab¬°m-c-m-bn-cp-
∂p. cmPs‚ ]cn-Wm-a-ßfpw Zpc-¥-ßfpw amjv tcn-´p-I-≠p. ]n∂oSv `c-X≥ kwhn-[mw
sNbvX "CØncn∏qth Nph∂ ]qth'bpw sF.-hn.-i-in-°p-th≠n "Bh-mgn'bpw Fgp-Xn-b-
t∏mƒ Cu Ap-`-h-߃ amjv AXn-te°v sIm≠p-h-∂p.
amjns‚ Hcp mS-Ihpw C∂phscbpw A®-Sn-°s∏-´n-´n√. Fgp-Xnb F√m mS-Ißfpw
- -
F√m Xnc-°-Y-Ifpw ac-Ww-h-scbpw a-∏m-Tambn-cp-∂p amjn-v. c≠p-Xcw kmln-Xy-amWv
ap-°p-≈-sX∂ kn≤m¥w amjn-p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. A®Sn kmln-Xyhpw A®-Sn-°s∏SmØ

5. 5
kmln-Xyhpw. IhnX {_m“-W≥, tmh¬ £{Xn-b≥, IY sshiy¿, mSIw ip{Z≥. Xnc-
°-Ybpw a‰p-sams° Zfn-X-nepw Xmsg. Hcp mS-Ihpw kz¥w t]cn¬ kz¥w Pohn-X-°m-
eØv A®-Sn-bv°m-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ tIcf kwKoX mSI A°m-Z-an-bpsSbpw kmln-
Xy-A-°m-Z-an-bp-sS-bp-sams° IÆnepw IW-°nepw amjv Fgp-Øp-°m-c-t-b√. At±-l-
Øns‚ arX-tZ-l-Øn¬ Hcp doØv h°p-∂-Xn¬ n∂p-t]mepw Ah¿ kzX-{¥-cm-bn-cp-∂p.
tm th°≥kn, Bcy≥ Am-cy≥ (-]n-∂oSv "Bcy≥' F∂ knn-a-bm-bn) bpK-k-‘n,
ng¬, DS™ hn{K-l-߃ F∂n-h-bm-bn-cp∂p amjns‚ {][m mS-I-߃.
kXys‚ £Ww
F¨]-Xp-I-fpsS Hcp kp{]-`m-X-Øn¬ knn-a-bpsS "AßmSn' bnte°v Ib-dn-h∂
Hcm-f√ Zmtam-Z-c≥ amÿ. 1960 Ifn¬ BIm-i-hm-Wn-bn¬ ]n.`mkvI-c≥ am-Ãdpw t_∏q-
cn¬ ssh°w apl-ΩZv _jodpw tImgn-t°m-S≥ knn-abpsS X-esXm-´∏mb F.-hn≥k‚ v
- - - -
amÃ-dp-sams°bmbn-cp∂p amjns‚ If-cn-bnse Kpcp-°-∑m¿. tImgn-t°ms´ anTmbnsØcp-
hn¬ A∂v c≠v kmw-kvIm-cnI tI{μ-ßfp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. "]oXmw-_¿ ÃpUntbm' hn¬ ]oXmw-
-
_-cpw "ho‰v lukn'¬ ap√-ho-´n¬ A_vZpƒ dlvam≥ kmln-_p-am-bn-cp∂p A∂sØ
tImgn-t°m-S≥ kmwkvIm-cnI Pohn-X-Øn‚ tKmUv^m-Z¿am¿. amjv c≠p-t]cp-sSbpw
k¥Xkl-Nm-cn-bpw.
1965 ¬ `mkvIc≥ amjns‚ "iyma-f-t®®n' bnemWv BIm-i-hmWn kulr-Z-Øns‚
_e-Øn¬ amjv thj-an-Sp-∂Xv. 1967 ¬ F.-hn≥k‚ v amÃ-dpsS "K-cta μn' bn¬ s{IUn‰v
-
ssen¬ So-S∑m-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬ Zmap-amjv F∂ t]cp-h∂p. t{]wko-dns‚ Ap-Ps‚
- -
thj-am-bn-cp∂p AXn¬. AXns‚ A°m-esØ ncq]-W-ß-fn-sem-∂n¬ kvt]mSvkv teJ-
I-mb Zmap-amjpw thj-an-´n-´p≠v F∂m-bn-cp∂p ]cm-a¿iw. 1969 ¬ ]n.-F≥.ta-tms‚
"Hmfhpw Xochpw' F∂ Nn{X-Øn¬ a[p-hntmsSm∏w amjv thj-an´p.1974 ¬ Bkm-Zns‚
"]mXn-cmhpw ]I¬ shfn-®hpw' F∂ -Nn-{X-Øn¬ kpIp-am-cv h®-thjw A{]-Xo-£n-X-
ambn kpIp-am-c≥ Nn{X-ap-t]-£n®p t]mb-t∏mƒ amjv FSp-ØWn-™p˛t{]w-ko-dn-s‚bpw
-
P-b-`m-c-Xn-bpsSbpw aI-m-bn. D‰-an-{X-am-bn-cp∂p ]q ^nenw -C≥Ãn-‰yq-´n¬ n∂pw BZy-
ambn tKmƒUv sa-U-ep-ambn h∂ Bkm-Zv. Bkm-Zns‚ Pohn-Xhpw ac-Whpw Adn-bp-am-bn-
cp∂ Ah-km-sØ Bfp-I-fn-sem-cmƒ. "n¿Ωmey' Øns‚ sSpw-Xq-Wm-bn-cp∂p Bkm-
Zv. At±-l-Øns‚ Bfl-lXy Hcp thZ--bmbn amjv Pohn-Xm¥yw hsc sIm≠p S-∂p.
aΩp-´n-sbms° XmmZyw h∂Xv Fw.SnbpsS "hn¬°m-p≠v kz]vßfn'eqsS-bmWv F∂p
--
]d-bp-tºmƒ at‰Xv Ncn-{X-Ønepw knn-asb kwhn-[m-b-Is‚ Ie-bm°p-∂-h¿ kwhn-[m-
b-I≥ Bkm-Zns hnkva-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ amjv tcmjw ]q≠n-cp-∂p.
kplrØv ap√-ho-´n¬ A_vZpƒ dlvam≥ kmln-_ns sIm∂v h[-in-£bv°v hn[n-
bv°-s∏´ as‰mcp kplrØv apl-ΩZv {km¶ns‚ Ah-km--a-Wn-°q-dp-Isf BhnjvI-cn®
amjns‚ tZi-t]m-jnWn°p th≠n sNbvX "ng¬' (1967) F∂ mSIw I≠ A-iz-c--
S≥ kXy≥ amÃ-dmWv AXv lcn-l-c-s-s°m≠v Xn-°p-th≠n kwhn-[mw sNøn-°m-
mbn Hsc-gp-Øp-°m-cs∂ ne°v amsj BZy-ambn aZn-cm-in-bn-te°v £Wn-°p-∂-Xv.
N¿®-Iƒs°mSp-hn¬ AXv knn-a-bm-bn-s√-¶nepw 1975 ¬ lcn-lc≥ Xs∂-bmWv amsj
Xnc-°Ysb-gpXn-bv°m≥ aZn-cm-in-bn-te°v ho≠pw hnfn-®p-hcp-Øp-∂Xv. t{]wko-dns mb-
- - - -
I-m°n euam-tcPpw (75), AΩnWn AΩm-hpw (76) Aßs ]nd-∂p. lcn-l-c≥ Xs∂
ssI]n-Sn®v Fgp-Xn-°p-Ibm-bn-cp∂p F∂v amjv {]mb-Øn¬ Cf-bhmb Kpcp-hns kvtl-
- - -
tØmsS F∂pw D≈n¬ sIm≠p--S-∂p. 1980 se "AßmSn' bpsS hc-thmsS Sn.-Zm-tam-Z-c≥
knn-a-bnse apJy-[m-c-°v KXn-am‰n F∂Xv Ncn-{Xw.

6. 6
""F¨]-Xp-Iƒ'' F∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ Ne-®n{XNcn-{X-߃ s]mXp-hn¬ hyh-l-cn-°p-
∂Xv AXv B¿´vkvIqfn¬ hcp∂ kwhn-[m-b-I-cp-sS knn-a-I-fp-sS Ime-am-bm-Wv. A®-Sn-
°-s∏´ GXv Ne-®n{XNcn-{X-Ønepw Ap-_-‘-ambn am{Xw `c-X≥, ]fl-cm-P≥, sI.-Pn.-
tPm¿÷v F∂o t]cp-Iƒ IqSn tN¿°pw. F∂m¬ ae-bmf knn-a-bpsS Ncn-{X-Øn¬ Htc-
k-abw G‰hpw hyXykvXXcw [mc-Iƒ Htc-k-a-bØv knn-asb kº-∂-am-°nb Ime-am-
bn-cp∂p AXv. Ncn-{X-sa-gp-Xn-bXv apgp-hpw Hcp [mc-bpsS h‡m-°ƒ am{X-am-bn-cp-∂-Xp-
sIm≠v AXv kzm`m-hn-Iambpw a‰p [mc-Isf HXp-°n-∏dbp-Itbm sNdp-Xm-°n-°fbp-Itbm
- - - - -
sNbvXp. lcn-l-cpw tPmjnbpw tamlpw ^mknepw Iaepw {]nb-Z¿ipw kn_n-a-e-
bnepw kXy≥ A¥n-°mSpw {ion-hm-kpw lcn-Ip-amdpw Hs° kz¥w temIw krjvSn®
Imew IqSnbm-WXv. AtX-°m-eØv Xs∂-bmWv sF.-hn.-iinbpw Sn.-Zm-tam-Zcpw IqSn knn-
- - -
asb cmjv{So-bh¬°-cn® Hcp [mc ChnsS D¬Lm-Sw sNbvXXv. GXv knn-a°pw AXns‚
- -
cmjv{So-b-ap-≠v. F∂m¬ iinbpw amjpw sNbvXXv knn-asb P-Iobcmjv{Sob kwhm-Z-
Øns‚ Ac-ßm-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
"CumSv' ]pdØndßn 25 h¿jØnp tijamWv tUm. sI tKm]nmYnst∏msemcp
Ne®n{XNn¥Iv Ign™Im¬pddm≠nse aebmf knnam Ncn{XØn¬ hgnØncnhv
krjvSn® knnabmbncp∂p AsX∂v Is≠ØmmbXv ˛ "" aΩp´n F∂ Ss‚ Actßddw
{]Jym]n°p∂p F∂Xv am{Xa√ At±lØns‚ ]n¬°me Nn{XßfpsSbpw s]mXphn¬
aebmfknnabpsS Xs∂bpw {]tab߃ "CumSv' XpS°an´ ZnibpsSbmWv hnIkn®Xv
˛ F∂mWv tKm]n 2004se aΩp´n ]T--Øn¬ D¬tLmjn®Xv. AsXmcp ]pXnb Imcya√.
1982¬ Xs∂ tIcfØnse km[mcW Ne®n{X{t]anIƒ°v a nemb Imcyw KthjI¿
Im¬p‰m≠nptijw Is≠Øn F∂p am{Xw. At∏mgpw AXv krjvSn-®-Xmcv Fs∂-gp-
Xm≥ tKm]n-bpsS t] kΩ-Xn-bv°p-∂n-√. A∂h¿°v AXv ImWmmhn√mbncp∂p.
ImcWw H‰[mcbpsS htcWyX AhcpsS IÆpIfn¬ A‘- X - b m- b n _m[n®
Imeambncp∂p AXv. C∂pw AXp apgphpw amdn F∂√ . F¶nepw ]gb htcWyXbpsS
A{]k‡n Imew Ahsc t_m[ys∏SpØns°mt≠bncn°p∂p F∂pam{Xw.
"CumSv ' krjv S n® hgnØncnhv {]tabßfnse D¬LmSßfn¬ am{Xa√˛
""BZyambn Hcp aebmf knna dneokv sNbvX F´ptI{μßfn¬ 125 Znhkw HmSnb
dn°m¿Uv "CumSnv' e`n®p'' ˛ CXv km£ys∏SpØp∂ aebmfØnse Gddhpw
XeapXn¿∂ Ne®n{Xn¿ΩW IºnbpsS DSa IqSnbmbp Pntbmaqhnkns‚ kmcYn
F≥.Pn.tPm¨ Xs‚ "Rmpw knnabpw 70 h¿j߃' F∂ {KŸØneqsSbmWv .
saIvkn°≥ kwhn[mbImb Aenbmt{μm tKm¨km¬hkv Cmdn‰phns‚
_mt_¬ (2006) I≠ph∂v IYm]m{XßfpsS Nne¥nhe t]mep≈ ]ckv]c_‘w I≠v
hnkvabw ]q≠v ""tm¨eonbdmb'' Xnc°Ysb°pdn®v Bthiw sIm≈p∂ knnabnse
]pXnb kvIqƒ Ip´nIƒ 1982 Xs∂ ChnsS Ncn{Xw krjvSn® "CumSn's‚ LS Fs¥∂v
ImWpIsbm tIƒ°pItbmt]mepw sNømØhcmsW∂v ΩpsS Ne®n{X
ncq]WØns‚ Ncn{Xw sXfnhp ¬Ipw. kn.Fkv.sh¶ntSizcst∏mep≈ HutZymKnI
Ne®n{X ncq]I¿ s^Ãnh¬ _p°pIƒ hgnbpw ]pkvXI߃ hgnbpw kwhmZ߃
hgnbpw krjvSn°p∂ GIamamb Ne®n{XImgvN°v Hcn°epw ImWmmhsX t]mbXv
knnabpsS Cu _-lp-kz-c-[m-c-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p. CXnv Imc-W-hp-ap-≠v. knn-a-bpsS Cu
htcWyX XpS°an´ Ne®n{X ncp]Icmb knn°v˛mZn¿j˛ tImgnt°mS≥ {XbßfpsS
kzP]£]mXßfpsS XpS¿®bmbmWv ChnsS Ne®n{X ncq]Ww hnIkn®p t]m∂Xv.
HSphn¬ amjv acnbvt°≠nh∂p kn.Fkv.sh¶ntSizcv At±lw ChnsS krjvSn®Xv
F¥mbncp∂p F∂v Hcpkv a cWØnse¶nepw ]dbm≥ HcnSap≠mh≥. (lnμp

7. 7
Zn]{XØn¬ amjns‚ acWm¥cw kckzXn FgpXnb ^o®dnse D≤cWnIƒ). 2010 se
sF.F^v.F^v.sI.bnse kn.Fkv.sh¶ntSizc≥ FUnddv sNbvX s^Ãnh¬ _p°n¬
amjns‚ ""ImddsØ Infn°qSn''s‚ Xnc°Ym AhImiw tPm¨t]mfnv A®Sn®p
sImSpØXv t]mep≈ ]niIpIƒ bmZr›nIambp≠mIp∂X√ . htcWyXIƒ temIsØ
tm°p∂ hn[amWXneqsS ]pdØphcp∂Xv .
IYm]m{XßfpsS Hcmƒ°p´ØnpXs∂ amjns‚ Xnc°YIfnepsS Actßdn.
F∂m¬ Cu Bƒ°q´Ønse Hmtcmhy‡n°pw Hmtcm PnhnXhpw a pw sImSp°m≥
B FgpØnmbn. sF.hn.iinbpsS "C∂s√¶n¬ msf' "1921', "hm¿Ø', "Bhmgn',
"ASn-a-Iƒ DS-a-Iƒ', aWncXvØns‚ "DWcq', `c-Xs‚ "Im‰sØ Infn-°q-Sv', "CØn-cn-
∏qth Nph∂ ]qth', {]nbZ¿is‚ "Bcy≥', "A`nayp', "AssZzXw', "Imem]mn',
XpSßnb nch[n Nn{Xßfn¬ Ncn{Xw PohnXßfneqsS shfn]mSpIƒ SØn . PohnXw
nfmZn°cbneqsS am{Xa√ HgpIp∂sX∂v AXv {]Jym]n®p. I√mbn]pgbpsS
CcpIcIfnsebpw AßmSnIfnse IqenIfpsSXv IqSnbmWv AsX∂v sXfnbn®p. sh≈n-
Øn-c-bn¬ Fgp-Xnb cmjv{So-b-Po-hn-X-Ncn-{X-am-bn-cp∂p AXv.
A—≥
ASnb¥cmhÿ°v tijap≈ amμyØn¬ n∂pw tIcfob PohnXsØbpw
Iymºknsbpw DW¿ØnbXn¬ henb ]¶phln® lrkzIme {]ÿmambncp∂p
P-Iob kmwkvIm-cn-Ith-Zn. PIobhnNmcW t]mep≈ A]q¿Δamsbmcp kacq]w AXv
-
F√m A]Nb߃°psaXnsc apt∂m´ph®p. Cu Du¿÷w aebmfnsb Nen∏n®
ImeØns‚ sh≈nØncbnse cmjv{Sobhnkvabambncp∂p. B knn-a-Iƒ. CSXv heXv
cmjv { Snb A]- N - b - ß sf Htc- t ]mse FXn- c n- S p∂ cmjv { Sobw AXv apt∂m´ph®p.
aebmfknnabn¬ AXnpap≥]pw ]n≥]pw CØcsamcp Imgv®∏mSv IrXyamb cmjv{Sob
t_m[tØmsS AhXcn∏n°s∏´n´n√. ΩpsS B¿´vlukv knnaIƒ s]mXphn¬
cmjv{Sob]m¿´nIƒ°v ap∂n¬ ]cp-ßn-n-∂n-S-ØmWv Sn.-Z-mtam-Z-c≥ knn-a-Iƒ P-hn-Im-c-
߃ Agn-®p-hn-Sp∂ cmjv{Sob knn-a-bpsS apJw ae-bm-f-Øn¬ sh´n-Øp-d-∂-Xv. GXv
tImgn-t°m´p°mc-tbpwt]mse "Aßm-Sn'-bpsS IYmImcs amjv F∂v hnfn-®n-cp∂ Fs∂
1991˛¬ aqØ-a-Iƒ ZoZnsb hnhmlw n›bn®tXmsS amjv XncpØn ˛ Cn o Fs∂
Aßns hnfnbv t °≠m A—s∂p hnfn®m¬ aXn' ˛ ]ns∂ Ign™ 22h¿jw
At±ltØmsS∏w Pohn®t∏mƒ I≠Xv Hcn°epw A®´n´n√mØ Nn¥bpsS [ocamb
apJambncp∂p.
"amXr`qan' Zn]{XØn¬ ^nenwt]Pns‚ NpaXehln°m≥ XpSßnbt∏mgpw ]n∂oSv
'Nn{X`pan'bpsS NpaXebnte°v h∂t∏mgpw H‰°mcyamWv A—≥ Bhiys∏´Xv ˛ ""Fs‚
t]tcm Nn{Xtam o A®Sn°cpXv. Fs∂ Hcp am[yahpw hf¿Øn-b-X-√, AXp-sIm≠p
Xs∂ Xf¿Øm- p- a m- h n- √ .''˛ Hcp hn´phogv ® °pw Xømd√mØ Sn.ZmtamZc≥ F∂
t]mcmfnsb AdnbpIbmbncp∂p At∏mƒ. IymadbpsSbpw t]bpsSbpw ap∂n¬
Aen™p t]mhp∂, AXnphnjbamIm≥ nc¥cw Icp°ƒ o°p∂
A`nhalmflm°fpsS BflcXnIƒ sIm≠v Bgv ® - ∏ - X n∏pIfpw hmcm¥∏
Xn∏pIfpsams° nd™pIhnbptºmgpw Hcp {]tem`ßsfbpw hIh°msX A—≥
am[yaßtfmSv s]mcpXnn∂ ImgvN hnkvabIcambncp∂p.
anTm- b n- s Ø- c phS- ß p∂ ]gb tImgnt°mSns‚ apgph≥ Ncn{Xßfpw
Akm[cWamsbmcp inev ] `{ZXtbmsS ImØpkq£n®pt]m∂ AhkmsØ
hy‡nsb∂ ne°v B Hm¿ΩbpsS tiJcØn¬ Ipsds®¶nepw hcpwImeØnp ]I¿∂p

8. 8
¬tI≠Xps≠∂ ASpØkplrØp°fpsS n¿_≤Ønphgßn A—s Nne
am[ya߃°v ap∂nseØn°m≥ SØnb Hmtcm{iahpw C∂p Xncn™p tm°ptºƒ
Hmtcm H‰psImSp°epIfmbncp∂p. H∂pw A—tmSv oXnIm´nbn√. A—v ]d-bm-p-≠m-
bn-cp∂ G‰hpw {][m-s∏´ Imcy-߃ ]Xn-hp-t]mse sh´nt∏mbn. As√¶n¬ X{¥]cambn
-
D∂bn°s∏SmsXt]mbn. hncenseÆmhp∂˛ IrXyambn ]d™m¬ mev ˛
{iaßtfmcp∂pw A—n¬ _m°nh®Xv ISpØ "Cdnt‰j≥' am{Xambncp∂p˛ ""Rm≥
At∏mtg nßtfmSv ]d™n´nt√ Fs∂ CXnv sI´n Fgp∂≈nbv°cpsX∂v ..''
Fddhpw HSphn¬ A—ss°m≠v B thjw sI´n®Xv, acWØnv GXmpw
Znhk߃°v apºv, A—s‚ PnhnXØnse BZysØbpw AhkmsØbpw yqkvss‰v
t{]m{Kmanembncp∂p. tPmkv{]Imins‚ acWambncp∂p hnjbw, A—≥ F¥mWv
]d™Xv F∂pt]mepw tIƒ°msX ""Rm≥ Xncn-®p-hcmw Sn.-Zm-tam-Z-c≥'' F∂p ]d™
ntIjvIpam¿ ]ns∂ Xncn®ph∂n√. A—pw tPmkv{]-Imipw aebmfknnabpsS
Ncn{XØnse mgnI°√pIfnsem∂mb ]n.F≥.tatms‚ "Hmfhpw Xochpw F∂
knnabnse {][ms∏´ c≠p thj߃ sNbvX S∑mcmsW∂ hnhcw ]d™p
tI´n´pt]mepan√mØh¿°nSbnte°v At±lsØ n¿_‘n®v Ab® a°ƒ
Xs∂bmbncp∂p Ip‰°m¿.
B Hm¿ΩIƒ Ncn{XØn¬ ASbmfs∏SptØ≠Xp≠v F∂ a°fpsS B{KlØns‚
in£bmbn A—s B sIm®papjy¿°v ap∂nte°v Fgp∂≈n®Xns‚ Ip‰t_m[w
RßfpsS tijPohnXØnp≈XmWv. ]e temIbp≤ßfpsSbpw hnπhßfpsSbpw
Ncn{XØn¬ tImSn°W°nmfpIfpsS Iq´s°meIfpsSbpw _mjv]o-I-c-W-ß-fp-sS-bp-
sams° Adnhns‚ km£nbmbn Pohn® A—p hy‡nsb Ncn{XØn¬ tcJs∏SpØpI
F∂ apjys‚ AXym{KlsØIpdn®v XnI™ t_m[yap≠mbncp∂p. AhkmImeØv
A—≥ kz¥w knnaIsft∏mepw GtXm hnZqc Ncn{XØns‚ `mKambn am{XwI≠p. "Xnc-
°Y' tXSn-sb-Øp-∂-h¿°v n_-‘--Iƒ ncØ-Øn.
kq∏¿Xm-c-߃ Xmcm-]-Y-Øn¬ h∂n-d-ßnb sXmÆq-dp-Iƒ A—-t‚-Xm-bn-cp-∂n-√-˛ -
""F-n°v ]d-bm-p-≈-Xn¬ knn-am-°m¿°v Xmev]-cy-an-√, Ah¿°v ]d-bm-p-≈-Xn¬
Fnbv°pw''˛ AI¬® IqSn hcn-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. A—s‚ tamiw kn-n-a-Iƒ Cu AI¬®-
bpsS IqSn krjvSn-I-fm-Wv. sXmÆq-dp-Iƒ°vtijw A—≥ B{K-ln® cmjv{Sob knn-a-I-
sfm∂pw S-°msX t]mhp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. Ahkmknna "sbkv bph¿ HmW¿'
]pdØph∂Xv 2006 embncp∂p. AXv Ign™ Bdph¿jØn¬ Hcpnanjw t]mepw
shdpsXbncp∂n´n√. n¿Ωm-Xmhv Pntbm Ip´t∏´psamcpan®v "CumSn's‚ c≠mw`mKw
apX¬ S°msXt]mb B knnaIƒ Ne®n{XNcn{XØnse ]pXnb A¥IhnØpIƒ
apf∏n® ]pXnb hn{Klkwkv°mc-Øn¬ S°msX t]mb jvSßfmWv. ]q¿Ønbmb
]eXnc°YIfpw ]ekwhn[mbIcpsSbpw ssIIfnep≠v. sF.hn.iin apX¬ ]pXnb
Xeapdbnse injymb {]kmZv hscbp≈h¿ AXn¬s]Spw. HSphn¬ AΩbpsS
acWØnp tijw A—≥ knnabn¬n∂pw PohnXØn¬n∂pw ]Xps°
hgpXnt∏mhpIbmtWm F∂ Bi-¶-bn¬ NncImean{Xamb {]nbZ¿i≥ n¿_‘n®v
A—s G¬∏n® ]Wnbmbncp∂p taml≥emenp th≠nbp≈ ""Ip™menacbv°mcp''sS
cN. A—≥ho≠pw Ncn{XØnte°v Dufnbn´v XpSßpIbmbncp∂p. ""Imem]n''°v tijw
ho≠psamcp Ncn{Xknna˛ AXv kz]vambnØs∂ Ahtijn∏n®p.
Ipfn®v ]pds∏´v, hmbn°mp≈ ]pkvXIhpw Xpd∂ph®v BtcmSpw bm{X ]dbmsX
H‰bv°p t]mbn ad™p˛HcmXpembØns‚bpw mbnIaWn°v ImØpn¬°msX.
""GsX¶nepsamcp hn{KlØnp ap-∂n¬ Rm≥ Fs∂¶nepw ssIIq∏n n¬°p∂Xmbn

9. 9
I≠m¬ A∂v AN- O s‚ ka- ne sX‰n- b - X mbn IcpXns°m≈Ww''˛ kz¥w
bm{Xm]mXsb°pdn®v A—≥ a°ƒ°v F∂pw ap∂dnbn∏v ¬Inbncp∂p. acWØnepw
B hm°p]men®p. BcpsS ap∂nepw hWßnn∂n√.
hf- ™ p- n¬°mØ Nq≠phnc¬ PXbpsS Bflmhnse tNmZy߃°mbn
o°nh® Hcp t]mcmfnbpsS PohnXIY Xs∂bmWnXv. Ncn{XØnen√mØ Ncn{Xambn
B hm°pIƒ ChnsS {]kcn∏n® hmsamgnIƒ A®-Sn-°-s∏-´n-´n-√m-bn-cn-°mw. F¶nepw
hmbn√m°p∂ne∏∑m¿ aunIfmbn n∂t∏mƒ ]ngpsXdnbmmhmØ Hcp mhpacw
ChnsS tcphnfn®p]dbmp≠mbncp∂p F∂Xns‚ Hm¿Ω°v Ah hcpw Xeapdsb
tXSnsbØmXncn°n√. Ncn{Xw mh-S°p-∂hcp-sS-Xs√∂v 2012epw {]k‡n sXfn-bn-°p∂
- - - -
CumSv B IY Xncp-Øn-sb-gp-Xn-s°m-≈pw. hn{K-l-߃ Fs∂∂pw DS-bm-Xn-cn-°-W-sa-
∂n-√t√m.