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This document summarizes information about tuberculosis (TB), including: - TB is caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium and spreads through airborne droplets. It primarily affects the lungs. - Dr. Robert Koch discovered the TB bacillus. Special staining techniques are required because of its waxy cell wall. - Risk factors include HIV/AIDS, malnutrition, crowded living conditions, and certain immune-suppressing diseases or conditions. - Screening includes the Mantoux test and more advanced tests like interferon-γ release assays and chest x-rays. - Treatment involves a combination of antibiotics like isoniazid and rifampin over several months. A balanced, nutritious diet
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This document provides guidelines for the management of diabetes through diet and nutrition. It outlines the main goals of treatment as making patients symptom-free and preventing complications. Target blood glucose and lipid levels are listed. A balanced diet with appropriate proportions of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and fibers is recommended. Factors like age, gender, diabetes type, weight, and medical conditions determine an individual's diet. Meal planning considers calorie needs and glycemic index values of foods. Dietary education tools like food groups, exchanges, and carbohydrate counting are discussed to help patients understand healthy eating.
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The document provides information on diet and nutrition for managing diabetes, including:
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2) Exercise, blood sugar monitoring, and medication adherence are also important for diabetes management. Traditional Indian herbs and spices can support blood sugar control.
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Here are the answers to the 5-point quiz on the DASH diet:
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Therapeutic diets are modifications of normal diets prescribed by doctors and planned by dieticians to improve specific health conditions. They may change nutrients, calories, and texture of foods. Some common therapeutic diets include liquid diets used short-term after surgery; soft diets with easy to chew and digest foods; diabetic diets regulating carbohydrate intake; low-cholesterol diets limiting saturated fats; and sodium-restricted diets for conditions like hypertension. The document provides details on the goals and food restrictions of various therapeutic diets used to treat different medical issues.
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Gout & Diet | houstonkidneyclinic.com
Gout is a type of arthritis. It is caused by having too much of the
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The document describes several different diets:
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- A clear liquid diet allowing only clear liquids like water, gelatin and broths for gastrointestinal issues.
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2. For fever and infections, the recommendations are to increase calories to meet increased metabolic demands and avoid starvation, increase protein intake to correct nitrogen balance, and increase carbohydrates and fluids.
3. For specific conditions like emphysema, recommendations include high calorie, low carbohydrate, high protein diets as well as vitamin supplements and regular exercise to promote strength and efficiency.
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1. DASH stands for Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension.
2. The two versions of the DASH diet are based on the amount of sodium intake. The standard DASH diet allows up to 2,300 mg of sodium per day, while the lower sodium DASH diet allows up to 1,500 mg per day.
3. The DASH diet emphasizes eating foods rich in potassium, calcium, and magnesium such as fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy products, and whole grains. These key nutrients help lower blood pressure.
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Nutrients and nutritional requirements of children
Nutrients and nutritional requirements of children
nutritional assessment including nutrition therapy
nutritional assessment including nutrition therapy
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formulation of diet therapy along with diet therapy of peptic ulcer
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Tb
- 1. By Kusuma Neela Bolla Dept. Applied Nutrition
- 2. Introduction: Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is an air borne disease and is spread through droplet nuclei. It mostly effects the lungs.
- 4. History: Tubercular decay has been found in the spines of Egyptian mummies.
- 6. Staining: High lipid and mycolic acid content makes staining difficult. Special staining techniques: Acid fast staining Auramine-Rodamine staining Fluorescent microscopy
- 10. Symptoms •Chest pain •Coughing blood •Chills •Appetite loss •Weight loss
- 11. CAUSES
- 12. Risk factors for TB HIV infection Low socioeconomic status Alcoholism Homelessness Diseases that weaken the immune system Migration from a country with a high number of cases Crowded living conditions
- 13. Screening: Tuberculin test or Mantoux test. It produces false negative tests. Interferon-γ release assays. Chest Photofluorography. The latter two techniques are expensive but results are more reliable.
- 14. Drug resistant Tb: Multi drug resistant Tb and Extensively drug resistant Tb are major health issues. These have resistance to the primary line of drugs given to the patient This has made the cure of Tb difficult.
- 15. Treatment: Antibiotics like isoniazid and rifampicin are commonly used. DOTS
- 16. Role of Diet: Malnutrition aggravates the severity of infection Chemotherapy effects nutritional status Balanced diet is required to build immunity and to fight against the disease. Should increase intake of nutrients like proteins, minerals and vitamins. Along with drugs Balanced diet is required to fight the disease.
- 17. Dietary management: An all-fruit diet for three days. Take three meals a day of fresh juicy fruits at five-hourly intervals. A fruit and milk diet for further 10 days, adding a cup of milk to each fruit meal. After this a balanced vegetarian diet should be given PRINCIPLE OF THE DIET is HIGH CARBOHYDRATE, HIGH PROTEIN, LOW FAT, HIGH CALCIUM which is non-oily and non-spicy. AVOID Tea, coffee, sugar, white flour and products made from them, refined foods, fried foods, flesh foods, alcohol and smoking.
- 19. Dietary recommendations: Dietary Fat Eat less than ten percent of calories from saturated fats and less than 300 mg/day of cholesterol, and eat as few trans-fats (hydrogenated fat) as possible. Maintain total intake of fats/oils at between 20-35 percent of calories, with most fat coming from polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fat, such as oily fish, nuts, and vegetable oils. Regarding meat, poultry, dry beans, and milk or milk products, choose lean, low-fat, or fat-free options.
- 20. Carbohydrates: Eat fibre-rich fruits, vegetables, and whole grains as often as possible. Consume foods and drinks with little added sugars or caloric sweeteners. Protein: Eat lean meats and poultry. Eat a variety of protein rich foods, with more fish, beans, peas, nuts and seeds. Bake, broil, or grill food.
- 21. Vitamins: Vitamin A, C, D should be consumed more. Minerals: Calcium: It is required for calcification of lesions. Iron: Deficiency leads to anemia which aggravates the condition.
- 22. Sodium and Potassium: Eat less than 2,300 mg (approximately 1 teaspoon of salt) of sodium per day. Choose low-sodium foods, and do not add salt when cooking. Also, eat potassium-rich foods, such as fruits and vegetables.
- 23. Prevention of Tuberculosis: BCG vaccine is major part of Tb control programme. Its efficacy is only 80% RNTCP- Revised National Tb Control Programme Recombinant tuberculosis vaccine is under trials
- 24. Prevention is better than cure