Technological advancements have enabled media convergence in pre-production, production, and post-production. Examples include using phones to sign documents digitally, create gant charts, and video call where specialized computers were previously needed. During production, devices like laptops and phones can now perform functions that previously required separate equipment. In post-production, media can be edited entirely on laptops or phones using software like Adobe, whereas dedicated editing studios were needed in the past. Advertising and marketing also see convergence, like websites adapting layouts for different screens and accessing hashtags on phones.