The document contains exercises about science concepts including the scientific method, units of measurement in the International System of Units (SI), laboratory equipment, and converting between units. It provides examples of the relationship between weight and mass, defines various scientific terms, and lists the steps in the scientific method. It also includes a test section with multiple choice and short answer questions to assess comprehension of the material.

1. Exercise 1.1
1. The contributions of Science to the field of technology have enabled us
(a) to receive and to send information faster
(b) to produce more crops
(c) to produce better medicine
(Other suitable answers can also be accepted)
2. animator systems analyst
programmer software engineer
web designer
(Other suitable answers can also be accepted)
3. (a) Meteorology (d) Biology
(b) Geology (e) Physics
(c) Chemistry
Exercise 1.2
1. (a) Measuring cylinder
(b) Bunsen burner
(c) Thermometer
(d) Stopwatch
2. Throwing unwanted things into a sink will clog or block the sink.
3. (a) Clean all the apparatus after use
(b) Report any accidents to the teacher immediately
(c) Put on the safety goggles before any practical work
(d) Clear the floor and bench tops and keep them clean
(e) Wash hands after handling chemicals and specimens
(Choose any 3 answers above or provide other suitable answers)
4. (a) Use excessive chemicals when doing experiments
(b) Eat and drink in the laboratory
(c) Play in the laboratory
(d) Discard rubbish or chemicals into the sink
(Choose any 3 answers above or provide other suitable answers)
5. Retort stand and clamp: To hold apparatus while experiments are being done

2. Gas jar: To contain gas
Test tube: To contain chemicals
Conical flask: To contain chemicals and liquids
Filter funnel: To filter mixtures of solids and liquids

3. Evaporating dish: For evaporating a liquid from a solution
Round-bottomed flask: To contain chemicals when preparing gases if the process
requires heating
Beaker: To contain chemicals and liquids
Exercise 1.3
1. (d), (c), (f), (b), (e), (a)
2. (a) Drawing a conclusion
(b) Making a prediction
(c) Making an observation
(d) Making an inference
(e) Stating a hypothesis
Exercise 1.4
1. (a) Length, mass, time, temperature, and electric current
(b) Metre, kilogram, second, Kelvin, and ampere
2. (a) 0.08 m = 8 cm
(b) 6 000 g = 6 kg
(c) 0.007 A = 7 mA
(d) 5 500 m = 5.5 km
(e) 0.009 m = 9 mm

4. 3. 1 tonne = 1 000 kg = 1 000 000 g
5 tonne = 5 000 kg = 5 000 000 g = 5 x 106
g
Exercise 1.5
1. Kilogram
2. The weight of an object is the pull of the Earth’s gravity on that object. The pull of
gravity on the moon is lesser than that on Earth. Therefore an object will weigh less
on moon than on the earth.
3. The weight of an object depends on the pull of gravity. The mass of an object is the
quantity of matter in the object, and is independent of gravity. The unit for weight is
Newton and the measuring tool used is the spring balance. The unit for mass is
kilogram and the measuring tool used is the beam balance.
Exercise 1.6
1. (a) Metre rule, metres (m)
(b) External calipers, centimetres (cm)
(c) Measuring tape, metres (m)
(d) Internal calipers, centimetres (cm)
2. Tie one end of a long rope to a stone. Drop the stone into the well until the stone
reaches the bottom of the well. Pull up the rope and measure the length of the rope
which was immersed in the water with a measuring tape.
3. 1 m3
= 1 m x 1 m x 1 m
= 100 cm x 100 cm x 100 cm
= 1 000 000 cm3
= 1 000 000 ml
= 1 000 l
Exercise 1.7
1. Measurement is meaningless without the use of a standard unit. This is because a
measurement cannot be accurate if it is not expressed in terms of a standard unit. In

5. addition, different measurements of a same quantity cannot be compared without the
use of a standard unit.
2. Advantages of using SI units:
(a) The basic units in SI are defined very accurately
(b) SI units are adopted and accepted internationally
(c) Measurements in SI units can be expressed in terms of prefixes,
e.g. 1 000 g = 1 kg, 0.005 m = 5 mm
3. 1 pound = 0.4536 kg
2 pounds = 2 x 0.4536 kg
= 0.9072 kg
4. 1 mile = 1.61 km
10 miles = 10 x 1.61 km
= 16.1 km
Test Yourself
Part A
1
.
B 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. D 6. A
7
.
B 8. B 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. B
Part B
1. Identifying a problem
Making hypothesis
Making an observation
Making inference
Analysing and interpreting data
Drawing conclusion
2. (a) Observation
(b) Smart guess
(c) Smart guess
(d) Observation
3. (a) 15 cm3
(b) 8 cm3
(c) The volume of the thread is very small so that it can be neglected.

6. addition, different measurements of a same quantity cannot be compared without the
use of a standard unit.
2. Advantages of using SI units:
(a) The basic units in SI are defined very accurately
(b) SI units are adopted and accepted internationally
(c) Measurements in SI units can be expressed in terms of prefixes,
e.g. 1 000 g = 1 kg, 0.005 m = 5 mm
3. 1 pound = 0.4536 kg
2 pounds = 2 x 0.4536 kg
= 0.9072 kg
4. 1 mile = 1.61 km
10 miles = 10 x 1.61 km
= 16.1 km
Test Yourself
Part A
1
.
B 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. D 6. A
7
.
B 8. B 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. B
Part B
1. Identifying a problem
Making hypothesis
Making an observation
Making inference
Analysing and interpreting data
Drawing conclusion
2. (a) Observation
(b) Smart guess
(c) Smart guess
(d) Observation
3. (a) 15 cm3
(b) 8 cm3
(c) The volume of the thread is very small so that it can be neglected.