This document provides an overview of system analysis and design. It discusses the initial investigation process, which includes problem definition, background analysis, fact finding, fact analysis, and determining feasibility. The goal of the initial investigation is to determine if a user's request to change an existing system is valid and feasible. It outlines gathering information about the existing system through documentation review, observations, and interviews to understand requirements and issues. Diagrams and charts are used to analyze facts collected. The investigation aims to summarize data and provide an understanding of the system to determine feasibility of the proposed changes.

1. SYSTEM ANALYSIS &
DESIGN
Presented by-
SWAPNIL WALDE
B.Com(Computer Application),
LL.B. (Faculty of Law, University of
Delhi)

2. PLANNING AND INITIAL INVESTIGATION
INFORMATION GATHERING
TOOLS OF STRUCTURED ANALYSIS
FEASIBILITY STUDY
COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

3. Systems analysis (or, requirements analysis)
must ensure that the proposed information
system meets user needs, can be delivered
on time, and can be updated inexpensively.
What is Systems analysis ?

4.  The most critical phase of managing system is planning.
 To launch a system investigation, we need a master
plan detailing the steps to be taken, the people to be
questioned, and the expected outcome.
 The initial investigation has the objective of
determining whether the user’s request has potential
merit.
Introduction : System analysis and the initial investigation

5.  Information is now recognized as a vital resource and must be managed.
 Financial resources are committed to information system. As computer
systems are becoming integral to business operation, top management is
paying more attention to their development.
 Information systems are complex, require months or years to build, use
common data bases.
 The objective are to map out the development of major systems and
reduce the number of small, isolated system to be developed and
maintained.
Bases For Planning In System Analysis

6.  High interest rates make it more important that business realizes a
good return on investment.
 Inflation puts pressure on profit when it occurs.
 Resource shortage impede expansion.
 Increased productivity paves the way for expansion.
 The growing trend towards guaranteed employment suggest that costs
are becoming fixed and the commitment to business expansion may
not be easily changed.
Dimensions of planning

7. 1.Title of work
2.Date submission of request
3.Date of completion
4.Job Objectives
5.Expected Benefits
6.I/O description
7.Signature of requester
8.Signature of approving authority
User’s request form to be filled by user.

8.  The 1st step in SDLC is the identification of a need.
 This is a user’s request to change, improve, or enhance an existing
system.
 There is likely to be a stream of such requests, standard procedures
must be established to deal with them.
 The Initial investigation is one way of handling this.
 The objective is to determine whether the request is valid and feasible
before a recommendation is reached to do nothing, improve or modify
the existing system or build a new one
Initial Investigation

9. 1.Problem Definition and project Initiation:
• Determining users’ information requirement.
2.Background Analysis
3.Fact Finding
4.Fact Analysis
5.Determination of feasibility
Initial Investigation process

10. The 1 st step in an initial investigation is to define the
problem that led to the user request.
The problem must be stated clearly, understood, and
agreed upon by the user and the analyst.
It must state the objective the user trying to achieve and
the result the user wants to see.
Emphasis should be on the logical requirement (what
must be the result) of the problem rather than the
physical requirements.
Problem Definition and Project Initiation

11.  What is the function of the system?
 Output/Input descriptions -- constraints: Dimensions, weight.
 Environment -- weather, temperature, moisture.
 Skills, ability.
 People -- what particular types?
 Systems -- higher and lower level system goals, interfaces
 Flows -- how do pieces fit together, what activities are there and how are
they related?
 Components -- what are the parts and what is their purpose?
Components of Problem Definition Describe System:

12.  What are critical factors, characteristics of
an ideal system?
 What is the goal of your design? How do
you measure performance of the system?
 What is wrong with the current system? In
relation to your goals?
 Economics -- costs, value, prices, cash flow
Goals:

13. Once the project initiated, the analyst
begins to learn about the setting of the
existing system and the physical processes
for the revised system.
Background Analysis

14.  After obtaining this background knowledge, the analyst begins to
collect data on the existing system's output, input, and cost.
 Review of written documents
 On site Observations
 Interviews and questionnaires
Fact-Finding

15. I/O Analysis
DFDs
Decision tables
Structure chart
Fact Analysis

16. Data Flow Diagram Decision Table

17. Structured Chart

18. After summarizing the data, the analyst has a through
knowledge of the system.
The following information should be available
1.Interview Record
2.Updated system documentation
3.Flowchart
4.Specification of the good and bad features of the current
system.
Determination of feasibility

19. Thank you ……!