In this study, a simple green method was employed to synthesize functionalized silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate for detection of dopamine (DA). In this method, polyethylene glycol (PEG) was functionalized on silver nanoparticles to prepare the uniform and controlled size of nanoparticles (NPs). The optical and structural properties of functionalized nanoparticles were characterized. The Raman spectra of the prepared PEG-Ag SERS substrate clearly indicated an enhancement in the SERS signal of dopamine. The developed functionalized SERS substrate can be potentially used as a sensitive SERS substrate for detection of various neurotransmitters for biomedical application.
Greener cum chemical synthesis and characterization of Mg doped ZnS nanoparti...IJERA Editor
In the present investigations, high-quality Mg doped ZnS nanoparticles were synthesized by Greener cum
chemical process with the assistance of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) with two different Mg concentrations.
Doping of Mg metal in nanoparticles were found to be a good technique for tuning the band gap of ZnS
nanoparticles. Simultaneously, Mg doping also inhibited the growth of particle size and it decreased from 33.2
nm to 18.3 nm with the increase in doping concentration from 0% to 5%. Band gap was found to rise from 3.12
eV to 3.38 eV and photoluminescence studies exposed that visible Photoluminescence (PL) emission was
improved with doping concentration. The nanoparticles have been characterized by Field Emission Scanning
Electron Microscopy (FESEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy,
Ultra Violet visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX).
Effect of Solvents on Size and Morphologies Of sno Nanoparticles via Chemical...Editor IJCATR
Stannous oxide (SnO) is an important functional material which contributes to a wide range of applications. In present
study, the SnO nanoparticles were synthesized using different solvents by chemical co-precipitation method. Different morphologies
of SnO nanoparticles have been obtained by different solvents. The size of SnO nanoparticles was estimated by powder X-ray
diffraction (PXRD) pattern and revealed that SnO crystallizes into tetragonal rutile phase. The chemical structural information of the
synthesized nanoparticles was studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The prominent UV emission peak was
observed at 358 nm in the luminance spectra, studied by photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The composition of the product SnO
nanoparticles could be determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and the binding energies of O 1s and Sn 3d3/2 have been
found which are centered at 530 and 495 eV, respectively.
SERS of insecticides and fungicides assisted by Au and Ag nanostructures prod...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
Abstract— This study deals with the use of laser techniques for preparation of advanced Au and Ag nanostructures on SiO2 (001) substrates to be applied to high-resolution analyses, namely, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) analyses. The optical and morphological properties of the nanostructures are compared with those of the PLD thin films. The activity is tested of the structures fabricated as substrates for SERS covered by small quantities (usually applied in agricultural medicine) of the Aktara 25 BG (thiamethoxam) insecticide and the Dithane DG (mancozeb) fungicide. To the best of our knowledge, Raman spectra of Aktara 25 BG are presented for the first time. The study has a direct bearing on the human health and food quality by way of assisting the detection of small amounts or residue of harmful pollutants.
Biosynthesis and Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles using Onion Bul...ijtsrd
The wide application of nanoparticles stimulates the need for synthesizing them but, the conventional methods are usually hazardous and energy consuming. This leads to focus on œgreen synthesis of nanoparticles which seems to be easy efficient and ecofriendly approach. In this study, the plant mediated synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was carried out using bulb extract of Allium cepa as a reducing agent. The optimized nano zinc thus obtained was quantified and characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-Ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), EDAX and Zeta potential analyses. Further, the synthesized ZnO NPs were tested for antimicrobial activity. N. Tensingh Baliah | S. Lega Priyatharsini"Biosynthesis and Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles using Onion Bulb Extract" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-2 , February 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd8305.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/botany/8305/biosynthesis-and-characterization-of-zinc-oxide--nanoparticles-using-onion-bulb-extract/n-tensingh-baliah
Greener cum chemical synthesis and characterization of Mg doped ZnS nanoparti...IJERA Editor
In the present investigations, high-quality Mg doped ZnS nanoparticles were synthesized by Greener cum
chemical process with the assistance of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) with two different Mg concentrations.
Doping of Mg metal in nanoparticles were found to be a good technique for tuning the band gap of ZnS
nanoparticles. Simultaneously, Mg doping also inhibited the growth of particle size and it decreased from 33.2
nm to 18.3 nm with the increase in doping concentration from 0% to 5%. Band gap was found to rise from 3.12
eV to 3.38 eV and photoluminescence studies exposed that visible Photoluminescence (PL) emission was
improved with doping concentration. The nanoparticles have been characterized by Field Emission Scanning
Electron Microscopy (FESEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy,
Ultra Violet visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX).
Effect of Solvents on Size and Morphologies Of sno Nanoparticles via Chemical...Editor IJCATR
Stannous oxide (SnO) is an important functional material which contributes to a wide range of applications. In present
study, the SnO nanoparticles were synthesized using different solvents by chemical co-precipitation method. Different morphologies
of SnO nanoparticles have been obtained by different solvents. The size of SnO nanoparticles was estimated by powder X-ray
diffraction (PXRD) pattern and revealed that SnO crystallizes into tetragonal rutile phase. The chemical structural information of the
synthesized nanoparticles was studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The prominent UV emission peak was
observed at 358 nm in the luminance spectra, studied by photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The composition of the product SnO
nanoparticles could be determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and the binding energies of O 1s and Sn 3d3/2 have been
found which are centered at 530 and 495 eV, respectively.
SERS of insecticides and fungicides assisted by Au and Ag nanostructures prod...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
Abstract— This study deals with the use of laser techniques for preparation of advanced Au and Ag nanostructures on SiO2 (001) substrates to be applied to high-resolution analyses, namely, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) analyses. The optical and morphological properties of the nanostructures are compared with those of the PLD thin films. The activity is tested of the structures fabricated as substrates for SERS covered by small quantities (usually applied in agricultural medicine) of the Aktara 25 BG (thiamethoxam) insecticide and the Dithane DG (mancozeb) fungicide. To the best of our knowledge, Raman spectra of Aktara 25 BG are presented for the first time. The study has a direct bearing on the human health and food quality by way of assisting the detection of small amounts or residue of harmful pollutants.
Biosynthesis and Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles using Onion Bul...ijtsrd
The wide application of nanoparticles stimulates the need for synthesizing them but, the conventional methods are usually hazardous and energy consuming. This leads to focus on œgreen synthesis of nanoparticles which seems to be easy efficient and ecofriendly approach. In this study, the plant mediated synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was carried out using bulb extract of Allium cepa as a reducing agent. The optimized nano zinc thus obtained was quantified and characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-Ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), EDAX and Zeta potential analyses. Further, the synthesized ZnO NPs were tested for antimicrobial activity. N. Tensingh Baliah | S. Lega Priyatharsini"Biosynthesis and Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles using Onion Bulb Extract" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-2 , February 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd8305.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/botany/8305/biosynthesis-and-characterization-of-zinc-oxide--nanoparticles-using-onion-bulb-extract/n-tensingh-baliah
Enginneered nanoparticles and microbial activity- Dinesh et al (2012)Raghavan Dinesh
This presentation is based on our review paper ‘Engineered nanoparticles in the soil and their potential implications to microbial activity’, Geoderma, 2012, 173-174, 19-27 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.12.018)
Green synthesis of zinc oxide nano particles using flower extract cassia dens...IJERD Editor
Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles is an interesting issue of the nanoscience and
nanobiotechnology. There is a growing attention to biosynthesis the metal nanoparticles using organisms.
Among these organisms, plants seem to be the best and they are suitable for large scale biosynthesis of
nanoparticles. Nanoparticles produced by plants are more stable, and the rate of synthesis is faster than that in
the case of other organisms. The present investigation was carried out to green synthesis of zinc oxide
nanoparticles by using the medicinal plant cassia densistipulata taub. The flower was collected from the campus
of Anantapuramu, Andhra Pradesh and their petals were separated. The petals were taken and cleaned with
dimeneralized water and soaked for an hour on dry cloth to remove moisture from the petals.
Synthesis of Zinc Nanoparticles was done by mixing 5gms of Zinc Nitrate with 50ml of aqueous
extract of cassia densistipulata taub petals. The formation of nanoparticles was monitored by visualizing color
changes and it was confirmed by Electron microscope (SEM), UV-Vis spectrophotometer and Fourier
Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The results of various techniques confirmed the presence Zinc oxide
nanoparticles.
BIOSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLE USING FICUS RELI...Arvind Singh Heer
The objective of this study is to synthesize zinc oxide nanostructures
with the most practical ways by using Ficus Religiosa leaves extract
and characterize the nanostructures. ZnO nanoparticles were
synthesized using Zinc Nitrate (Zn(NO3)2) as a precursor and Ficus
Religiosa leaves extract solvent and distilled water were used as
medium. ZnO nanoparticles were characterized by using XRD, UVVisible
spectroscopy, EDX and SEM, FTIR. Result of EDX
characterization shows that the ZnO nanoparticles has good purity with
(Zinc content of- 72.48% and; Oxygen content of- 27.52%). XRD
result spectrum displays mainly oxygen and zinc peaks, which indicate
the crystallinity in nature as exhibited. SEM micrographs shows that
synthesized ZnO have a cubical structure. The obtained ZnO
nanoparticles are homogenous and consistent in size which corresponds to the XRD result
that exhibit good crystallinity.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Nanoparticles are solid colloidal particles ranging in size from 10 to 1000 nm.
Nanoparticles are made of a macromolecular material which can be of synthetic or natural origin.
Plant Mediated Synthesis of ZnO and Mn Doped ZnO Nanoparticles Using Carica P...IIJSRJournal
In this work, Zinc Oxide (ZnO) and Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles were green synthesized using Carica papaya extract by the Co-precipitation method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results revealed the formation of ZnO and Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles with the wurtzite crystal structure (hexagonal). Due to the presence of dopant Manganese (Mn) the optical spectra showed a redshift in the absorbance spectrum. Structural and optical properties of the end product showed that the manganese ions (Mn2+) substituted the Zinc ions (Zn2+) without altering the Wurtzite structure of ZnO. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra confirm the presence of metal oxide present in the end product. The antibacterial efficiency of ZnO and Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles were studied using the agar well diffusion method against Gram-positive and Gram–negative bacteria. It is obvious from the results that Mn doped ZnO nanoparticles exhibit better antibacterial activity than ZnO nanoparticles.
Synthesis, Characterization of ZnS nanoparticles by Coprecipitation method us...IOSR Journals
ZnS nanoparticles are prepared by coprecipitation method using various capping agents like PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone), PVA (polyvinylalcohol) and PEG-4000 (polyethyleneglycol). These are characterized by UV-Visible spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies, Fourier Transform Infra-red spectra (FTIR) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). UV-Visible absorption spectra are used to find the optical band gap and the values obtained have been found to be in the range of 3.80-4.00eV. The particle size of nanoparticles calculated from XRD pattern has been in the range of 2-4 nm. It is also observed that the particle size of nanoparticle is affected by the nature of capping agent. Photo catalytic degradation of xylenol orange (XO) by the nanoparticles shows that these act as photo catalysts under sunlight irradiation. The XO dye was degraded more than 87.24, 83.42 and 73.05% in the presence of PEG-4000, PVA and PVP capped ZnS nanoparticles in 120, 150 and 180 min. respectively. The kinetics of catalyzed by synthesized ZnS nanoparticles with XO dye follows pseudo-first order kinetics with reasonable apparent rate constants.
Enginneered nanoparticles and microbial activity- Dinesh et al (2012)Raghavan Dinesh
This presentation is based on our review paper ‘Engineered nanoparticles in the soil and their potential implications to microbial activity’, Geoderma, 2012, 173-174, 19-27 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.12.018)
Green synthesis of zinc oxide nano particles using flower extract cassia dens...IJERD Editor
Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles is an interesting issue of the nanoscience and
nanobiotechnology. There is a growing attention to biosynthesis the metal nanoparticles using organisms.
Among these organisms, plants seem to be the best and they are suitable for large scale biosynthesis of
nanoparticles. Nanoparticles produced by plants are more stable, and the rate of synthesis is faster than that in
the case of other organisms. The present investigation was carried out to green synthesis of zinc oxide
nanoparticles by using the medicinal plant cassia densistipulata taub. The flower was collected from the campus
of Anantapuramu, Andhra Pradesh and their petals were separated. The petals were taken and cleaned with
dimeneralized water and soaked for an hour on dry cloth to remove moisture from the petals.
Synthesis of Zinc Nanoparticles was done by mixing 5gms of Zinc Nitrate with 50ml of aqueous
extract of cassia densistipulata taub petals. The formation of nanoparticles was monitored by visualizing color
changes and it was confirmed by Electron microscope (SEM), UV-Vis spectrophotometer and Fourier
Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The results of various techniques confirmed the presence Zinc oxide
nanoparticles.
BIOSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLE USING FICUS RELI...Arvind Singh Heer
The objective of this study is to synthesize zinc oxide nanostructures
with the most practical ways by using Ficus Religiosa leaves extract
and characterize the nanostructures. ZnO nanoparticles were
synthesized using Zinc Nitrate (Zn(NO3)2) as a precursor and Ficus
Religiosa leaves extract solvent and distilled water were used as
medium. ZnO nanoparticles were characterized by using XRD, UVVisible
spectroscopy, EDX and SEM, FTIR. Result of EDX
characterization shows that the ZnO nanoparticles has good purity with
(Zinc content of- 72.48% and; Oxygen content of- 27.52%). XRD
result spectrum displays mainly oxygen and zinc peaks, which indicate
the crystallinity in nature as exhibited. SEM micrographs shows that
synthesized ZnO have a cubical structure. The obtained ZnO
nanoparticles are homogenous and consistent in size which corresponds to the XRD result
that exhibit good crystallinity.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Nanoparticles are solid colloidal particles ranging in size from 10 to 1000 nm.
Nanoparticles are made of a macromolecular material which can be of synthetic or natural origin.
Plant Mediated Synthesis of ZnO and Mn Doped ZnO Nanoparticles Using Carica P...IIJSRJournal
In this work, Zinc Oxide (ZnO) and Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles were green synthesized using Carica papaya extract by the Co-precipitation method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results revealed the formation of ZnO and Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles with the wurtzite crystal structure (hexagonal). Due to the presence of dopant Manganese (Mn) the optical spectra showed a redshift in the absorbance spectrum. Structural and optical properties of the end product showed that the manganese ions (Mn2+) substituted the Zinc ions (Zn2+) without altering the Wurtzite structure of ZnO. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra confirm the presence of metal oxide present in the end product. The antibacterial efficiency of ZnO and Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles were studied using the agar well diffusion method against Gram-positive and Gram–negative bacteria. It is obvious from the results that Mn doped ZnO nanoparticles exhibit better antibacterial activity than ZnO nanoparticles.
Synthesis, Characterization of ZnS nanoparticles by Coprecipitation method us...IOSR Journals
ZnS nanoparticles are prepared by coprecipitation method using various capping agents like PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone), PVA (polyvinylalcohol) and PEG-4000 (polyethyleneglycol). These are characterized by UV-Visible spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies, Fourier Transform Infra-red spectra (FTIR) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). UV-Visible absorption spectra are used to find the optical band gap and the values obtained have been found to be in the range of 3.80-4.00eV. The particle size of nanoparticles calculated from XRD pattern has been in the range of 2-4 nm. It is also observed that the particle size of nanoparticle is affected by the nature of capping agent. Photo catalytic degradation of xylenol orange (XO) by the nanoparticles shows that these act as photo catalysts under sunlight irradiation. The XO dye was degraded more than 87.24, 83.42 and 73.05% in the presence of PEG-4000, PVA and PVP capped ZnS nanoparticles in 120, 150 and 180 min. respectively. The kinetics of catalyzed by synthesized ZnS nanoparticles with XO dye follows pseudo-first order kinetics with reasonable apparent rate constants.
Laser Ablation Molecular Isotopic Spectrometry for rare isotopes of the light...Alexander Bolshakov
Laser ablation molecular isotopic spectrometry (LAMIS) involves measuring isotope-resolved molecular emission. Measurements of several key isotopes (hydrogen, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and chlorine) in laser ablation plumes were demonstrated. Requirements for spectral resolution of the optical detection system could be significantly relaxed when the isotopic ratio was determined using chemometric regression models. Multiple applications of LAMIS are anticipated in the nuclear power industry, medical diagnostics and therapies, forensics, carbon sequestration, and agronomy studies.
Austin Biomolecules: open access is a peer reviewed, scholarly journal dedicated to publish articles covering all areas of Biomolecules.
The journal aims to promote latest information and provide a forum for doctors, researchers, physicians, and healthcare professionals to find most recent advances in the areas of Biomolecules. Austin Biomolecules: open access accepts research articles, reviews, mini reviews, case reports and rapid communications covering all aspects of Biomolecules.
Austin Biomolecules: open access strongly supports the scientific up gradation and fortification in related scientific research community by enhancing access to peer reviewed scientific literary works. Austin Publishing Group also brings universally peer reviewed journals under one roof thereby promoting knowledge sharing, mutual promotion of multidisciplinary science.
Biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using ficus benghal...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Emeraldine-salt polyaniline form (ES-PANI) was chemically synthesized using hydrochloric acid at time
synthesis ranging from 0.5 to 48 h and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), LeBail fit, Small-angle
X-ray diffraction (SAXD), Small-angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) and Scanning Electron Microscopy
(SEM). Crystallinity and crystal data (a = 5.7122, b = 17.8393, c = 22.8027, a = 83.1575, b = 84.6971 and
c = 88.4419) were obtained by XRD and showed that the crystallinity did not vary with the time
synthesis. LeBail fit revealed that the crystallites were very small lamellae with global average size
around 39 Å. By SAXS it was obtained the particle Radius of Giration (Rg) of 320 Å. The maximum particle
size (Dmax) of 650 Å was obtained from the pair-distance distribution function (p(r)). SEM images showed
a fiber morphology formed by interconnected non homogeneous nanospheres. Electrical conductivity of
the samples was in 1.84 104 S/cm.
Synthesis and study of structural and magnetic properties of superparamagneti...Nanomedicine Journal (NMJ)
Objective(s):
This paper describes coating of magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) with amorphous silica shells.
Materials and Methods:
First, magnetite (Fe3O4) NPs were synthesized by co-precipitation method and then treated with stabilizer molecule of trisodium citrate to enhance their dispersibility. Afterwards, coating with silica was carried out via a sol-gel approach in which the electrostatically stabilized MNPs were used as seeds. The samples were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
Results:
The results of XRD analysis implied that the prepared nanocomposite consists of two compounds of crystalline magnetite and amorphous silica that formation of their core/shell structure with the shell thickness of about 5 nm was confirmed by TEM images. The magnetic studies also indicated that produced Fe3O4@SiO2 core/shell nanocomposite exhibits superparamagnetic properties at room temperature.
Conclusion:
These core/shell structure due to having superparamagnetic property of Fe3O4 and unique properties of SiO2, offers a high potential for many biomedical applications.
Keywords
Magnetite; Silica; Core-shell structure; Superparamagnetism; Biomedical applications
Au based nanomaterials (AuNMs) are known to possess many
attractive features such as unique electrical, optical and catalytic
properties as well as excellent biocompatibility. These outstanding
characteristics make them promising candidates as the signal reporters,
enhancement materials or others involved with bioassay, food safety
and environmental monitoring.
Synthesis and characterization of ciprofloxacin imprinted polymer nanoparticl...Necla YÜCEL
In this study, novel molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (MIPNPs) were synthesized from renewable resources. Maleinated castor oil (MACO) and lactic acid-maleic acid ester (LME), derived from renewable resources, were used as monomers in the synthesis. N,N′-methylenebis (acrylamide) (MBA) and TEMED/KPS (N,N,N,N-tetramethyl ethylene diamine/potassium persulfate were used as the cross-linker and the thermal initiator, respectively. Ciprofloxacin was used as the model drug molecule for the imprinting process. Polymerization was carried out at 50°C for 30, 60, and 90 minutes. Twelve different MIPs were synthesized, and the effects of the monomer types, initiator concentration, and duration of synthesis on the binding characteristics and particle sizes of MIPNPs were investigated. The produced polymeric materials were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Furthermore, particle sizes of nanoparticles were measured using a Zetasizer particle size analyzer. Binding performances were investigated by UV-Vis spectroscopy. Finally, novel antibiotic imprinted polymer nanoparticles were obtained using renewable resources from plant oil-based materials. They can be used in many applications such as solid phase extraction, chromatography and drug delivery systems.
Yara Örtü Uygulaması için çinko-oksit (ZnO) Nanopartiküllerinin heparinize PV...Necla YÜCEL
Bu sunumda Khorasani ve ekibinin yapmış olduğu deneysel çalışma incelenmiştir.
Sunulan çalışmada fonksiyonel bir yara örtüsü tasarımı gerçekleştirilmiştir. Heparinize polivinil alkol (PVA) / kitosan (CS) / nano çinko oksidin (nZnO) hidrojellerde yara sargısı olarak kullanılmak üzere hazırlanmış ve örnekler kızılötesi spektrometre (FTIR), X-ışını difraksiyonu (XRD) ve taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ile karakterize edilmiştir. Ayrıca, şişme oranı, su buharı iletim hızı, gözeneklerin büyüklüğü, hücre canlılığı ve anti-bakteriyel etkinlik gibi diğer özellikler de incelenmiştir.
Ek olarak, heparin yüklemesi optimum örnekler üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hazırlanmış olan polimerik hidrojellerin antibakteriyel özellikleri, nZnO içeriği arttıkça yaraları etkili bir şekilde koruduğu bulgusuna varılmıştır. Bu yüzden tasarlanan hidrojellerin yara örtüsü olarak kullanılabilir olduğu saptanmıştır.
Daha detaylı bilgi için :
Khorasani, M. T., Joorabloo, A., Moghaddam, A., Shamsi, H., & MansooriMoghadam, Z. (2018). Incorporation of ZnO nanoparticles into heparinised polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan hydrogels for wound dressing application. International journal of biological macromolecules, 114, 1203-1215.
Bioremediation; biotechnology; Agricultural; Industrial; Contamination; Bio-stimulation; Bioaugmentation; ADVANTAGES OF BIOREMEDIATION; BIOREMEDIATION APPLICATION FOR INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT TREATMENT
; Case study; SPECIALISTS IN THE REMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED SOILS AND GROUNDWATERS; Study about Alfina dolphins; Study Reveals; Exxon Valdez; Petroleum Hydrocarbons;
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technology
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Nanomaterials for SERS Biomedical/Environmental Application
1. Sabancı University Program for Undergraduate Research (PURE) Summer 2017-2018
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Nanomaterials for SERS
Biomedical/Environmental Application
Ammar Khan ammar_akhan@hotmail.com
Ziauddin University / Pharmacy / 2018
Finesa Xhibo finesaxhibo@gmail.com
Yildiz Technical University / Chemistry / 2018
Necla Yücel necla-ycl@hotmail.com
Bilgi University / Genetics and Bioengineering / 2018
Sena Turan s.turan@gtu.edu.tr
Gebze Technical University / Material Science and Engineering / 2018
Project Supervisors
Anjum Qureshi
Sabanci University SUNUM Nanotechnology Research Center, TR-34956 Istanbul, Turkey
(Functional nanomaterials, biosesnors)
Javed Kolkar
Sabanci University SUNUM Nanotechnology Research Center, TR-34956 Istanbul, Turkey
(Functional nanomaterials, biosesnors)
Abstract
In this study, a simple green method was employed to synthesize functionalized silver nanoparticles (Ag
NPs) as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate for detection of dopamine (DA). In this
method, polyethylene glycol (PEG) was functionalized on silver nanoparticles to prepare the uniform and
controlled size of nanoparticles (NPs). The optical and structural properties of functionalized nanoparticles
were characterized. The Raman spectra of the prepared PEG-Ag SERS substrate clearly indicated an
enhancement in the SERS signal of dopamine. The developed functionalized SERS substrate can be
potentially used as a sensitive SERS substrate for detection of various neurotransmitters for biomedical
application.
Keywords: Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), polyethylene
glycol (PEG), dopamine (DA)
1 Introduction
Nanotechnology has received a great deal of attention in recent years, with the foundation being
laid by Feynman in 1959 and then consolidated a decade later by Taniguchi who came up with the
term nanotechnology (Benelmekki, M. (2015). A nanoparticle is the most central component in the
buildup of a nanostructure. A nanoparticle is bigger than an atom or a simple molecule that is
governed by quantum mechanics, and lies in the size range of between 1-100 nm (Al-Taa'y, Nabi
et al. 2014). Synthesis of these nanoparticles is carried out either through a bottom-up approach or
through the top-down approach. The bottom-up approach refers to how atoms are used to build up
to a nanomaterial, whereas in a top-down approach a larger material is broken down and eventually
reaches a smaller sized structure.
2. KHAN, XHIBO, YÜCEL, TURAN
2
Nanoparticles possess unique properties, especially optical, electronic and biological properties
(Ahmadpoor, Nateri et al. 2013, Lv, Li et al. 2013). As they have a high surface-to-volume ratio,
nanoparticles can be used as heterogeneous catalysts (Kusior, Klich-Kafel et al. 2013, Yang, Xie
et al. 2013). In addition, they are applied in many fields, including photonics, microelectronics,
lithography and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (Bhui, Bar et al. 2009, Son, Ko et al. 2009).
The exceptional plasmonic properties of silver nanoparticles leads to a great enhancement of the
Raman signal. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is an advanced Raman technique
that enhances the vibrational spectrum of molecules adsorbed on or in the vicinity of metal particles.
According to previous studies, two main mechanisms, chemical and electromagnetic contribute to
SERS enhancement. (Aroca. 2007). In the electromagnetic mechanism, the laser light causes the
excitation of the localized surface plasmons which causes an enhancement of the local
electromagnetic field. The molecule which is near the metal surface or adsorbed to it experiences
this enhancement, and as a result, the intensity of the Raman scattered light is enhanced. In the
chemical mechanism, which typically occurs in those molecules with a lone pair of electrons, a
charge transfer takes place between the molecule and the surface of the metal. The chemical
mechanism is usually regarded as weaker than electromagnetic mechanism and occurs in concert
with it. Raman signal enhancement is because of both of these mechanisms. Due to its sensitivity,
readiness and minimum sample preparation requirements, SERS is being considered as a powerful
technique for detection of the wide variety of analytes at very low concentrations, even down to
the single molecule level (Kneipp, Wang et al. 1997).
A variety of materials are employed for SERS analysis. The aim while synthesizing these materials
is to prepare stable, reproducible and highly active SERS substrates. Metals such as gold and silver
are commonly used as part of metal hybrid nanostructures. The optical properties of silver and gold
depend on their size and shape which makes it important to control these parameters, and these
properties in turn influence the SERS effect. Nanoparticles can be synthesized according to various
methods depending on the shape of nanoparticle needed, as the shape affects SERS enhancement.
SERS substrates can be metal electrodes, colloidal metal solutions, or hybrid structures where the
metal nanoparticle is chemically or electrostatically attached to other inorganic materials such as
in metal island films or metal coated nanospheres (Fateixa, Nogueira et al. 2015). These methods
required complex and time consuming procedures. Therefore, in this study we opted to use easy
and simple method by employing PEG as an environmental friendly surface modifier and
stabilizing agent to prepare functionalized Ag NPs as SERS substrate for detection of a
neurotransmitter Dopamine (DA).
SERS provides a unique opportunity to detect a broader range of neurotransmitters in close proximity to
neurons. Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter that plays a significant role in the
functioning of central nervous, vascular, and hormonal systems (Zhang, Neumeyer et al. 2007,
Lussier, Brule et al. 2017). It is widely distributed in the brain tissues and body fluids of mammals.
The abnormal variation of the DA concentration in vivo has been linked to serious neurological,
renal, cardio disorders such as schizophrenia, Huntington’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and
Parkinson’s disease (Lotharius and Brundin 2002, Ji, Palui et al. 2012). Therefore, the aim of the
present work is to synthesize PEG functionalized Ag NPs, through a green method, which is
environmentally friendly, viable, and cost-effective to prepare an effective SERS substrate for the
detection of dopamine through Raman spectroscopy.
2 Experimental Section
2.1 Materials and Reagents
3. SYNTHESIS & CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL NANOMATERIALS FOR SERS BIOMEDICAL/ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATION
3
All chemicals and reagents were of analytical grade and used as received. Silver nitrate (AgNO3),
sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) were obtained from Sigma
Aldrich. Distilled, deionized water was used throughout the experiments.
2.2 Apparatus
UV–Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy is a very important technique and is the simplest way to
confirm the formation of nanoparticles. The absorbance spectrum of the colloidal sample was
obtained using a UV–Vis spectrometer Nanodrop 2000 (200–800 nm). X-ray diffraction (XRD)
analysis was conducted using D8 ADVANCE using monochromatic Cu kα radiation (λ = 1.5406
Å) operated at a 2θ angle pattern. The scanning was done in the region of 20º–80º.Fourier-
Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra of the samples was investigated using a Thermo Scientific™
Nicolet iS™10 FTIR Spectrometer). The characterization was in the wavenumber range from 4000
to 500 cm−1
accumulating 64 scans. The Raman spectra were recorded by Renishaw Invia Raman
microscope. Collection of the SERS spectra was performed through a 50 microscope objective
using low laser power (0.5%).
2.3 Methods
2.3.1 Synthesis of functionalized Ag NPs
Silver nanoparticles were prepared by the dropwise addition of aqueous AgNO3 solution (0.01 M)
to a mixture of 50 mL of PEG (0.1M) and 10 mL sodium borohydride (NaBH4) (0.01M) at room
temperature. The mixture was constantly stirred using a magnetic stirrer and kept in the laboratory
at room temperature. Three samples were prepared with differing volumes of AgNO3 in order to
determine the optimum volume of AgNO3 required to prepare the Ag NPs of adequate size. Three
volumes of AgNO3, 100, 200 and 300 μL were taken and added dropwise to the PEG and NaBH4
mixture. The non-functionalized Ag NPs were synthesized with same procedure without addition
of PEG.
2.3.2 Preparation of DA loaded SERS substrate
A volume of 100 μL of DA in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4, 0.05 mM) was added to the
functionalized Ag NP solution and the non-functionalized Ag NP solution, respectively. The
samples prepared for detection of dopamine (Table 1) were dropped to the silica substrate as shown
in Fig, 1. The samples were dried at room temperature and used to record the Raman spectra.
Sample
No
Sample Name
1-2
Non-functionalised Ag NPs without
dopamine
3-4
Non-functionalised Ag NPs with
dopamine
5-6
Functionalized Ag NPs without
dopamine
7-8 Functionalised Ag NPs with dopamine
9 dopamine
1-2
3-4
5-6
7-8
9
Figure 1: DA incubated synthesized PEG Ag
SERS substrate on silica plate.
Table 1: Showing DA incubated samples on silica
plate.
4. KHAN, XHIBO, YÜCEL, TURAN
4
2.4 Results and Discussion
Characterization
2.4.1 Uv-Vis spectroscopy
PEG functionalized Ag NPs were prepared by the dropwise addition of aqueous AgNO3 solution
(0.01 M) to a mixture of 50 mL of PEG (0.1M) and 10 mL of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) (0.01M)
at room temperature. Three different volumes of AgNO3 such as 100, 200 and 300 μL were taken
and added dropwise to the PEG and NaBH4 mixture and respective UV absorbance responses were
recorded and shown in Fig.2a. PEG Ag NPs showed a characteristic absorption peak at around 400
nm (Fig.2a). Increasing the volume of AgNO3 added in the reaction mixture, leads to the formation
of Ag NPs of a larger size, which is shown to increase UV absorption of light as shown in Fig.2.
For the synthesis of PEG-Ag NPs at room temperature, different volume/concentration of AgNO3
solution were considered and shown in Table 2. At 300 μL of AgNO3, a broader peak is observed
due to agglomeration of the Ag NPs (Fig.2).
Figure 2a: UV-Vis spectra of functionalized silver nanoparticles using different volumes of AgNO3.
5. SYNTHESIS & CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL NANOMATERIALS FOR SERS BIOMEDICAL/ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATION
5
Figure 2b: The reaction procedure and color change with the addition of different volumes of AgNO3 to a
mixture of PEG and sodium borohydride. The figure shows the appearance of a light yellow color in the
reaction mixture which indicates the formation of PEG Ag NPs.
After the dropwise addition of AgNO3 to a mixture of PEG and sodium borohydride, a light yellow
color solution was obtained (Fig.2b) and it indicates the formation of Ag NPs. The change in color
of the solution was due to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and reduction of silver ions by
PEG and sodium borohydride. Further addition of AgNO3 resulted in a darker solution being
formed due to aggregation of the silver nanoparticles (Fig.2b).
Trial Number Quantity Of
AgNO3
Conc. Ag NO3 Absorbance Wavelength
(nm)
1 100 µL 0.01M 0.0952 388
2 200 µL 0.01M 0.1491 390
3 300 µL 0.01M 0.0130 408
Table 2: UV-Vis spectra results with optimizing parameters
2.4.2 XRD results
The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the prepared PEG Ag NPs was recorded. XRD profile was
taken from 2θ range of 20 to 80 o
with a step of 0.02 degree and shown in Fig.3.
6. KHAN, XHIBO, YÜCEL, TURAN
6
Figure 3: XRD profile of functionalized Ag NPs.
Three peaks at 2θ values of 38.03 o
, 44.22 o
, and 72.616 o
in the experimental diffractogram have
been identified and corresponding to (hkl) values - (111), (200), and (311) planes of silver,
respectively (Fig. 3). The XRD profile confirmed that the resultant particles in the prepared sample
are silver NPs and having a face-centered cubic crystal structure. There is one more unidentified
peak at 34.129 o
which may be due to AgNO3, which might not have been reduced and hence
remained in the sample in minute quantity.
2.4.3 FTIR results
The FTIR spectra of PEG and PEG Ag NPs were recoded and shown in Fig.4.
7. SYNTHESIS & CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL NANOMATERIALS FOR SERS BIOMEDICAL/ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATION
7
Figure 4: FT-IR spectra of PEG and PEG- Ag NPs.
Intense absorption bands were observed at 2880, 1640, 1464, 1340, 1277, 1090, 945 and 842 cm−1
for PEG Ag sample (Fig.4). Aliphatic C–H stretching at 1464 and 1340 cm−1
due to C–H bending
vibrations (Shameli, Bin Ahmad et al. 2012), bands at 1277 cm−1
and 1090 cm−1
which were related
to the stretching vibrations of the alcoholic C–O bonds and C–O–C ether linkage ν(C–O–C) were
observed in FTIR spectrum of PEG functionalized Ag NPs. Further, bands at 945 cm−1
(ρ(CH2))
and 842 cm−1
(ρ(CH2)) were attributed to rocking vibrations and band at 3392 cm−1
was attributed
to the O–H stretching vibration in association with ν (CH3
s
) at ∼2880 cm−1
in case of PEG Ag NPs.
Finally, a new band was observed at ~1640 cm−1
which might correspond to a C=O stretching
vibration and this carbonyl group formation occurred probably due to the oxidation of hydroxyl
groups (Fahmy, El-Nasser et al. 2017) in FTIR spectra of PEG Ag NPs (Fig.4).
2.4.2 Detection of dopamine on synthesized SERS substrate
The Raman Spectra of Ag NPs and PEG functionalized Ag NPs (PEG Ag) were recorded (Fig.5).
The Raman spectra of PEG Ag showed enhanced Raman intensities at 813, 1035, 1340 and 1600
8. KHAN, XHIBO, YÜCEL, TURAN
8
cm-1
as compared with Ag NPs. These observations clearly indicated that PEG has stabilized silver
nanoparticles with controlled and uniform size distribution.
Figure 5: Raman spectra of PEG Ag and Ag NPs.
Furthermore, functionalized Ag NPs were utilized for detection of dopamine and SERS response
were recoded (Fig.6). The optical image of DA incubated PEG Ag NPs SERS substrate is shown
in Fig.7. The SERS spectra of PEG Ag NPs clearly showed enhanced peaks of dopamine (0.05
mM) as compared to the Ag NPs (Fig.6). The band at 1480 cm-1
corresponds to phenyl C=C
stretching has noticeably enhanced the peak signal as compared with dopamine peak signal. The
band at 1337 cm-1
can be assigned to ring stretching vibration of dopamine. The ring stretching
vibration mode of O-H bond is observed at 1395 cm-1
(Fig.6). The observations clearly indicated
that PEG functionalized Ag NPs can enhance the SERS peak signal of dopamine and can be used
as a sensitive SERS substrate for the detection of DA.
9. SYNTHESIS & CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL NANOMATERIALS FOR SERS BIOMEDICAL/ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATION
9
Figure 6: Raman spectra of PEG Ag and Ag NPs incubated with DA (0.05 mM).
Figure 7: Raman optical image of functionalized Ag NPs incubated with dopamine (0.05 mM).
3 Conclusion and Future Work
In this study, a simple green method was employed to prepare PEG functionalized Ag NPs as a
sensitive SERS substrate for the detection of dopamine. The synthesized functionalized Ag NPs
were successfully characterized by UV-Vis, XRD and FTIR techniques. The synthesized PEG Ag
NPs showed enhanced Raman signal as compared to Ag NPs. Dopamine was successfully detected
by employing functionalized Ag NPs as a SERS substrate. The developed method to prepare
functionalized Ag SERS substrate is simple, low cost, environmentally friendly and easy to use.
The developed functionalized SERS substrate in this study can be potentially used as a sensitive
10. KHAN, XHIBO, YÜCEL, TURAN
10
SERS for the detection of a variety of neurotransmitters for biomedical applications. The next step
would be to study the dopamine concentration in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples to see
if this method can quantitatively measure the amount of dopamine in a reliable and accurate
manner. Additional investigations can be made regarding altering the chain length of PEG or using
PEG as the sole reducing agent instead of NaBH4.
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