Concept of Synaptic integration and synaptic potential, Types of Synaptic Potential (excitatory and Inhibitory), Factors controlling the generation of Action Potential

1. SYNAPTIC
INTEGRATION AND
SYNAPTIC
POTENTIAL
( Semester-5, Paper-2,
Unit-4)
Abhijeet Bhattacharya
KSD’s Model College
Dombivali

2. Synaptic
integration
Neurons receive thousands of
synaptic inputs from other neurons
in the brain.
Summation of these large number
of inputs is called Synaptic
integration.
Synaptic integration leads to the
nerve impulse, or action potential.

3. Synaptic
Potential
Synaptic integration is the computational
process by which an individual neuron
processes its synaptic inputs and converts
them into an output signal.
Neuronal input signal is Synaptic Potentials
Neuronal output signal is Action Potentials

4. Graded
Potential
Diagrammatic
representation

5. Action
Potential
Synaptic potentials can be either
excitatory or inhibitory
B
e
Action potentials occur if the summed synaptic
inputs to a neuron reach a threshold level of
depolarization
A
c
t
i
o
n
The synaptic input summation can be
Temporal or Spatial.
B
e

6. Factors
controlling
Action
Potential
The ability
of synaptic
inputs to
effect
neuronal
output
(Action
potential) is
determined
by:-
Size, Shape and Relative timing of
electrical potentials generated by synaptic
inputs.
The geometric structure of the target
neuron,
The physical location of synaptic inputs
within that structure
Expression of voltage‐gated channels in
different regions of the neuronal
membrane

7. Factors
controlling
Action
Potential
Nonlinear summation of synaptic
potentials occurs when a synaptic potential
changes the driving force for ion
movement and therefore the amplitude of
subsequent synaptic potentials.
The impact of a synaptic input on neuronal
output depends on its location within the
dendritic tree. ( Get reduced if the distance
traveled by synaptic input is more)

8. Factors
controlling
Action
Potential
Dendritic voltage‐gated ion channels
may open or close in response to the
membrane potential change during a
synaptic potential
Altering (amplifying or attenuating)
the Synaptic potential's amplitude or
time course.