Syllabus B.Pharm(Hons) Primeasia University MANIK

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Courses And Studies Committee of the Department of Pharmacy of Primeasia
University has examined and approved this Syllabus on 19th May 2007.
PRIMEASIA UNIVERSITY
Department of Pharmacy
CURRICULUM and SYLLABUS
For
Bachelor of Pharmacy (Honours) Degree
Session: 2003 – 2008

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COURSE CURRICULUM AND SYLLABUS
Preamble
The Department of Pharmacy provides undergraduate program to offer the Bachelor of Pharmacy
(Honours.), [ B. Pharm. (Hons.) ] Degree. B. Pharm. (Hons.) is a four year degree curriculum,
which contains theoretical courses, practical sessions, project works and predetermined industrial
and hospital trainings.
The Bachelor of Pharmacy (Honours) Program in Primeasia University aims to introduce the
students to pharmacy as a profession; to provide knowledge on the responsibilities and
uniqueness of the pharmacists in pharmaceutical industry, hospital & community pharmacy and
to help them to acquire their knowledge in their coursework for the benefit of real patients and the
people. The core topics provide the roles required of the modern pharmacists; legal and ethical
aspects, pharmacy service quality and standards; improving the public's health; medicines
management.
The first year introduces the profession and scientific basis of Pharmacy and the principles of
drug designing and disease management. It is projected to equip the students with the wide
range of skills required for further study and practice. Courses cover physiology and
pharmaceutical chemistry and will be studied alongside core aspects of formulation, drug
discovery and use.
Students will study the more complex aspects of pharmacy in the second year, including aspects
of human physiology and pathology, pharmacology and microbiology. Pharmaceutics and
formulation of dosage forms will also be covered.
The emphasis of the third year is the development of skills in pharmaceutical industry on
manufacturing & formulation technology, drug analysis; medicinal chemistry, pharmaceutical
biotechnology together with further aspects of the Law and ethical issues in Pharmacy. This will
also encompass relevant aspects of toxicology and therapeutics, hospital and community
practice.
The fourth (final) year is primarily to carry out advanced studies on medicinal chemistry,
pharmaceutical technology & analysis, bio-pharmaceutics & pharmacokinetics. Topics and key
developments in professional practice and the wider role of pharmacists in patient care,
identifying and responding to symptoms, the monitoring of disease and appropriate drug
interventions, cosmetology, agro-vet pharmacy, food & nutrition will be covered, providing
extended research projects to prepare the students for employment and further studies.
Entry Requirements
Students who have passed Secondary School Certificate and Higher Secondary Certificate
Examinations in Science Group with Chemistry, Biology, Physics and Mathematics with a cGPA
of at least 2.5 in each level or have passed GCE O-Level and A-level examinations with science
subjects including those four, of which at least two must be at the A-Level examination and
secured B grades in at least three of them at any level are eligible for admission in the B. Pharm.
(Hons.) course.
Number of Courses and Credits
Curriculum of Bachelor of Pharmacy (Hons.) program contains of 72 courses containing 154
credits. Of which 147 credits are on Pharmacy Core courses and 7 credits are relevant non-
pharmacy courses.
Academic Period & Semesters
The courses of B. Pharm. (Hons.) program are offered in 4 (four) academic years consisting of 8
(eight) six-monthly semesters. Each semester consists of 18 weeks of class lectures and practical
sessions, 2 weeks of preparation period and 4 weeks of Mid-Term and Semester Final
examinations. There are two semesters – Summer (April to September) and Fall (October to
March) semester in an academic year.
During any semester, students according to their needs may take additional courses either to
make up deficiencies in credits and grade point average (GPA) requirements, or to fulfil the

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credits requirements for a B. Pharm. (Hons.) degree and thus spending less time than the normal
duration.
ASSIGNMENT OF CREDITS AND COURSES
The program is offered through a set of theoretical and laboratory courses, fieldwork, project and
thesis work.
1. Theoretical Courses:
A one hour lecture per week per semester will be equivalent to one Credit. Thus, a three
Credit hours’ course will have three lectures per week throughout the semester.
0.Practical / Field Training / Project Work:
Credits for practical / field work usually will be half of the class hours per week per
semester. Credits are also assigned to project work taken by students.
Grading System
The total performance of a student in a given course is based on a scheme of continuous
assessment. For a theoretical course, this continuous assessment is made through homework,
assignment, attendance, quizzes etc, a mid semester examination of 90 minutes duration and a
semester final examination of 180 minutes duration. The distribution of marks for a given course
is as follows:
I. Class Assessments (Class tests 10%, Class assignments 5%, Class attendance 5%) : 20%
II. Mid Semester: 30%
III. Final Exam: 50%
Total: 100%
The assessment in practical / field work courses is made through observation of the student at
work in class, viva voce during Practical hours and quizzes.
The Grading System as prescribed by the University Grants Commission, Dhaka is followed in
grading students’ aptitude in examinations. The system is as follows:
Numerical Grade Letter Grade Grade Point
80% and above A+ (A Plus) 4.0
75% to less than 80% A (A regular) 3.75
70% to less than 75% A- (A minus) 3.5
65% to less than 70% B+ (B Plus) 3.25
60% to less than 65% B (B regular) 3.0
55% to less than 60% B- (B minus) 2.75
50% to less than 55% C+ (C Plus) 2.5
45% to less than 50% C (C regular) 2.25
40% to less than 45% D 2.0
Less than 40% F 0.0
Incomplete I
Withdrawl W
AWARD OF DEGREE
To obtain a Bachelor of Pharmacy (Honours) Degree from Department of Pharmacy, Primeasia
University a student must successfully complete a total of 154.0 Credits and will require to score
a grade of 2.5 or higher CGPA.
In addition to those a student has to complete assigned Industrial and Hospital professional
training and project work requirements before the graduation.

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SUMMARY OF COURSE DISTRIBUTION
The duration of Bachelor of Pharmacy (Hons.) program is divided into 4 (four) periods that are
designated as Year I (First year), Year II (Second year), Year III (Third year) and Year IV (Fourth
year). The Courses and Credits are:
Pharmacy Core courses = 147 Credits
Non-pharmacy Courses = 7 Credits
Total = 154 Credits
Semester Based Courses of Bachelor of Pharmacy (Honours)
Year I Semester I
Sl. No. Code No. Title of Courses Credit(s)
CCT 1101 Computer & Communication Techniques 2
BSM 1102 Biostatistics & Mathematics 3
ENG 1103 Communicative English 2
BPH 1101 Pharmacognosy 3
BPH 1102 Inorganic Pharmacy I 3
BPH 1103 Pharmacognosy Practical 1
BPH 1104 Inorganic Pharmacy I Practical 1
Total = 15 credits
Year I Semester II
Sl. No. Code No. Title of Courses Credit(s) Prerequisite
BPH 1201 Inorganic Pharmacy II 3 BPH 1102
BPH 1202 Physiology & Anatomy I 3
BPH 1203 Physical Pharmacy I 3
BPH 1204 Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry 3 BPH 1101
BPH 1205 Herbal Medicines & Neutraceuticals 3 BPH 1101
BPH 1206 Inorganic Pharmacy II Practical 1 BPH 1201
BPH 1207 Physiology & Anatomy I Practical 1
BPH 1208 Physical Pharmacy I Practical 1
BPH 1209 Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry Practical 1
BPH 1210 Oral Assessment I 1
Total = 20 credits
Year II Semester I
BPH 2101 Organic Pharmacy 3
BPH 2102 Physical Pharmacy II 3 BPH 1203
BPH 2103 Pharmacology I 3 BPH 1202
BPH 2104 Physiology & Anatomy II 3 BPH 1202
BPH 2105 Pharmaceutics I 3 BPH 1203
BPH 2106 Organic Pharmacy Practical 1 BPH 2201
BPH 2107 Physical Pharmacy II Practical 1 BPH 2102
BPH 2108 Pharmacology I Practical 1 BPH 2103
BPH 2109 Physiology & Anatomy II Practical 1 BPH 1202
Total = 19 credits
Year
Semester
No. of
Pharmacy Core
Courses
No. of
Ancillary
Courses
Total Courses
Total
Credits
Year I
Year I Semester I 4 3 7 15
Year I Semester II 10 - 10 20
Year II
Year II Semester I 9 - 9 19
Year II Semester II 9 - 9 19
Year III
Year III Semester I 8 - 8 20
Year III Semester II 11 - 11 22
Year IV
Year IV Semester I 8 - 8 19
Year IV Semester II 10 - 10 20
Total 69 3 72 154

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Year II Semester II
BPH 2201 Pharmaceutics II 3 BPH 2105
BPH 2202 Pharmacology II 3 BPH 2103
BPH 2203 Biomolecular Pharmacy 3
BPH 2204 Clinical Pathology 3
BPH 2205 Pharmaceutical Microbiology 3
BPH 2206 Pharmaceutics II Practical 1
BPH 2207 Pharmacology II Practical 1
BPH 2208 Pharmaceutical Microbiology Practical 1
BPH 2209 Oral Assessment II 1
Total = 19 credits
Year III Semester I
BPH 3101 Medicinal Chemistry I 3 BPH 2101
BPH 3102 Pharmaceutical Technology I 3 BPH 2105
BPH 3103 Biomolecular Genetics 3 BPH 2205
BPH 3104 Pharmaceutical Analysis & Quality Control I 3
BPH 3105 Pharmacology III 3 BPH 2204
BPH 3106 Hospital & Community Pharmacy 3 BPH 2204
BPH 3107 Medicinal Chemistry I Practical 1
BPH 3108 Pharmaceutical Technology I Practical 1 BPH 2105
Total = 20 credits
Year III Semester II
BPH 3201 Medicinal Chemistry II 3 BPH 3101
BPH 3202 Pharmacoeconomics & Policy 2
BPH 3203 Pharmaceutical Technology II 3 BPH 3102
BPH 3204 Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 2 BPH 3103
BPH 3205 Pharmaceutical Analysis & Quality Control II 3 BPH 3104
BPH 3206 Pharmacy Law & Ethics 2
BPH 3207 Pharmaceutical Engineering 3
BPH 3208 Medicinal Chemistry II Practical 1
BPH 3209 Pharmaceutical Technology II Practical 1
BPH 3210 Pharmaceutical Analysis & Quality Control II Practical 1
BPH 3211 Oral Assessment III 1
Total = 22credits
Year IV Semester I
Sl. No. Code No Title of Courses Credit(s) Prerequisite
BPH 4101 Advanced Medicinal Chemistry 3 BPH 3201
BPH 4102 Clinical Pharmacy 3
BPH 4103 Advanced Pharmaceutical Analysis I 3 BPH 3205
BPH 4104 Pharmaceutical Sales & Marketing 3
BPH 4105 Biopharmaceuties & Pharmacokinetics I 3
BPH 4106 Clinical Pharmacy Practical 1
BPH 4107 Biopharmaceuties & Pharmacokinetics I Practical 1
BPH 4108 Professional Project 2
Total = 19 Credits
Year IV Semester II
BPH 4201 Cosmetology 3
BPH 4202 Pharmaceutical Technology III 3 BPH 3203
BPH 4203 Advanced Pharmaceutical Analysis II 3 BPH 4103
BPH 4204 Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics II 3 BPH 4105
BPH 4205 Pharmaceutical Management 2
BPH 4206 Cosmetology Practical 1
BPH 4207 Pharmaceutical Technology III Practical 1
BPH 4208 Advanced Pharmaceutical Analysis II Practical 1
BPH 4209 Oral Assessment IV 1
BPH 4210 Professional Training
(Industrial &Hospital)
2
Total =20 credits
Grand Total = 154Credits

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Courses Sheering Weight
A :: Pharmacy Core Courses
◙ Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Total = 64 credits
◙ Pharmaceutics
20 BPH 4207 Pharmaceutical Management 2
21 BPH 4208 Cosmetology Practical 1
Total = 51 credits
Sl.No. Course Code Title of Courses Credits
BPH 1101 Pharmacognosy 3
BPH 1102 Inorganic Pharmacy I 3
BPH 1103 Pharmacognosy Practical 1
BPH 1104 Inorganic Pharmacy I Practical 1
BPH 1201 Inorganic Pharmacy II 3
BPH 1203 Physical Pharmacy I 3
BPH 1204 Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 3
BPH 1205 Herbal Medicines & Neutraceuticals 3
BPH 1206 Inorganic Pharmacy II Practical 1
BPH 1207 Physical Pharmacy I Practical 1
BPH 1208 Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry Practical 1
BPH 2101 Organic Pharmacy 3
BPH 2102 Physical Pharmacy II 3
BPH 2107 Physical Pharmacy II Practical 1
BPH 2203 Biomolecular Pharmacy 3
BPH 2206 Organic Pharmacy Practical 1
BPH 3101 Medicinal Chemistry I 3
BPH 3103 Biomolecular Genetics 3
BPH 3104 Pharmaceutical Analysis & Quality Control I 3
BPH 3107 Medicinal Chemistry I Practical 1
BPH 3201 Medicinal Chemistry II 3
BPH 3204 Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 2
BPH 3205 Pharmaceutical Analysis & Quality Control II 3
BPH 3208 Medicinal Chemistry II Practical 1
BPH 3210 Pharmaceutical Analysis & Quality Control II Practical 1
BPH 4101 Advanced Medicinal Chemistry 3
BPH 4103 Advanced Pharmaceutical Analysis I 3
BPH 4203 Advanced Pharmaceutical Analysis II 3
BPH 4210 Advanced Pharmaceutical Analysis II Practical 1
Sl. No. Course Code Course Title Credits
1 BPH 2105 Pharmaceutics I 3
2 BPH 2205 Pharmaceutical Microbiology 3
3 BPH 2208 Pharmaceutical Microbiology Practical 1
4 BPH 2201 Pharmaceutics II 3
5 BPH 2206 Pharmaceutics II Practical 1
6 BPH 3102 Pharmaceutical Technology I 3
7 BPH 3106 Hospital & Community Pharmacy 3
8 BPH 3107 Pharmaceutical Technology I Practical 1
9 BPH 3202 Pharmacoeconomics & Policy 2
10 BPH 3203 Pharmaceutical Technology II 3
11 BPH 3206 Pharmacy Law & Ethics 2
12 BPH 3207 Pharmaceutical Engineering 3
13 BPH 3209 Pharmaceutical Technology II Practical 1
14 BPH 4104 Pharmaceutical Sales & Marketing 3
15 BPH 4105 Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetic I 3
16 BPH 4107 Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetic I Practical 1
17 BPH 4201 Cosmetology 3
18 BPH 4202 Pharmaceutical Technology III 3
19 BPH 4204 Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetic II 3
22 BPH 4209 Pharmaceutical Technology III Practical 1
23 BPH4212 Professional Training (Industrial& Hospital) 2

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◙ Pharmacology
Total = 26 Credits
B :: Pharmacy Oral Assessments
Total = 4 Credits
C :: Ancillary Courses
Total =9 Credits
Grand Total = 154 Credits
Essentials of The Courses of The SYLLABUS
Year I Semester I
CCT 1101 Computer & Communicating Techniques (Credit 2.0)
Computer fundamental: Some basic concepts about computer, hand on experience with
computer, operating system and concept of software
Application software packages: MS word, Excel, Access, ChemDraw, IsisDraw, and other
chemistry related software
Software Engineering (For Software Project Management)
Database concepts (Oracle/Developer 2k)
Basic Ideas of networking/Internet/ E-commerce /Efficient Browsing / Searching for Academic
Information.
Web Page Creation - FrontPage, Macromedia Software
Introduction to computer Graphics -Adobe Software
BSM 1102 Biostatistics & Mathematics (Credit 3.0)
Introduction to Mathematics: Variables, constant and parameter, co-ordination system with graph.
Straight lines: Equation of straight lines, Slope of straight line, equation of slope intercept.
Functions: Odd function, Even function, one-one function, onto function, variable substitution in
function, composition of functions.
Limit of function: Limit, graphical representation of limit, Evaluation of different types of limit.
Sl. No. Course Code Course Title Credits
1. BPH 1202 Physiology and Anatomy I 3
2 BPH 1209 Physiology and Anatomy I Practical 1
3 BPH 2103 Pharmacology I 3
4 BPH 2104 Physiology and Anatomy II 3
5 BPH 2108 Pharmacology I Practical 1
6 BPH 2109 Physiology and Anatomy II Practical 1
7 BPH 2202 Pharmacology II 3
8 BPH2204 Clinical Pathology 3
9 BPH 2207 Pharmacology II Practical 1
10 BPH 3105 Pharmacology III 3
11 BPH 4102 Clinical Pharmacy 3
12 BPH 4106 Clinical Pharmacy Practical 1
Sl. No. Course Code Title of Courses Credit
1 BPH 1210 Oral Assessment I 1
2 BPH 2209 Oral Assessment II 1
3 BPH 3211 Oral Assessment III 1
4 BPH 4211 Oral Assessment IV 1
Sl. No. Course Code Title of Courses Credits
1 CCT 1101 Computer & Communicating Techniques 2
2 BSM 1102 Biostatistics & Mathematics 3
3 ENG 1103 Communicative English 2
4 BPH 4108 Professional Project 2

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Differentiation of functions: Physical meaning of differentiation, basic rules of differentiation,
differentiation of different functions.
Integration: Physical meaning of Integration, basic rules of Integration, Integration of different
functions.
Introduction to statistics: Scope and application of statistics in pharmaceutical sciences.
Collection, tabulation and graphical representation of data.
Measures of central tendency: arithmetic mean, geometric mean, harmonic mean,
Weighted mean, median and mode, this application in pharmacy.
Measures of dispersion: Range, mean deviation, standard deviation, variation, coefficient of
variation, and their application in pharmaceutical preparation.
Probability: Laws of addition and multiplication
Tests of significance: Basic concepts of tests of significance, tests of means and variances
based on normal, t, 
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and F distributions, tests of independence in a contingency table.
Analysis of variance: One-way and two-way classifications, completely randomized design,
randomized block design.
Regression and correlation analysis: Estimation of regression line and parameter,
correlation analysis (simple, partial and multiple).
Sampling: Different techniques and their suitability in pharmaceutical fields
Application of Statistics in Pharmacy
Studies of rates of chemical and biological reactions. Sampling.
Test for uniformity of tables.
Qualitative test on samples.
Limits of content of active ingredient of tables.
Probability of batch passing or falling to pass a test.
Dispensing error: Dispensing of liquids, dispensing of solids.
Analysis of variance in studying the results obtained in the development of an assay.
Threshold dose assay, Toxicity tests, Bacteriological counts.
Recommended Books
1. Statistics - J, M, Tanur et.al.
2. Computer Applications In Pharmacy- Fassett,.
3. Methods of Statistics - M.G.Mostafa .
4. Statistical Methods - J.S.Miltion & J.O. Tsokos,
5.Calculus -by Howard Anton
6. Calculus- Schum’s outlines series
ENG 1103 Communicative English (Credits 2.0)
The course is designed to increase communication skills that contain listening, speaking, reading
and writing skills. This English course will enhance the communication skills and comprehension
abilities of the students and will develop their basic writing skills from sentences to paragraphs.
Creativity and originality will be encouraged but emphasis will also be given on grammatical
correctness and other acceptable rules of composition
BPH 1101 Pharmacognosy (Credit 3.0)
Introduction: Scope and historical development of Pharmacognosy. Drug Literature and
publications: Pharmacopoeia, Codex, National Formulary, Official, non-official, un-official
drugs.
Crude Drugs: A general view of their origin, distribution, cultivation, collection, drying,
storage, commerce and quality control.
Preparation of drugs for commercial market
Classification of drugs
Drug adulteration
Evaluation of drugs
Drugs of Animal Origin: Cod liver oil, Shark liver oil, Hilsha fish oil, Cochineal, Spermaceti,
lard, Honey.
4. Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Uses of:.
Fats and Lipids: Castor oil, Olive oil, peanut oil, Chaulmoogra oil and bees wax.

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Carbohydrate and related compounds: Biosynthesis of carbohydrate, Sugar and sugar
containing drugs: Sucrose, Dextrose, glucose, fructose etc. Polysaccharide and
polysaccharide containing drugs: Starches, dextrins, and cellulose. etc. Gums and mucilage:
Tragacanth, Acacia, Sterculia, sodium algenate, agar. Resin and resin combination.
5. Surgical dressings and fibers used in the treatment and management of wounds,
abrasion.
6. Plant Analysis: Introduction to general structure of morphological parts of plant.Types of
plant constituents, Solvents used in extracting drugs, Extraction of drugs, application of
concept of Henry’s distribution law partition co-efficient and dielectric constant in extraction
process, various types of extraction process e.g infusion, maceration, percolation etc.
Separation techniques. comparative phytochemistry and chemotaxonomy.
Recommended Books
Textbook of Pharmacognosy – Abdul Ghani
Pharmacognosy – Brady, Tyler & Robbers.
Pharmacognosy - Trease and Evans.
Veshojo Bigyan – Abdul Ghani
Medicinal Plants of Bangladesh – Abdul Ghani
Traditional Medicine – Abdul Ghani
Veshojo Oushad – Abdul Ghani
Pharmacognosy Practical – Abdul Ghani
Pharmacognosy - Clause and Tyler
BPH 1102 Inorganic Pharmacy I (Credits 3.0)
Introduction:
Law of conservation of mass.
Matter: Physical state and chemical constitution.
Units of measurement: Measurement and significant figures; SI units,
Molecular weight, Formula weight, Mole concept, Mole and Molar mass
Atomic structure:
Daltons’ atomic theory.
Structure of atom: Fundamental particles, Rutherford’s Atomic model
Quantum theory of atoms: Wave nature of light, Atomic spectra, Quantum effects and
photons, planck’s quantization of energy, Bohr’s atomic model.
Quantum mechanics and Quantum numbers, de Broglie relation, wave functions and atomic
orbitals.
Electronic configuration of atoms: Electron spin and Paulis Exclusion principle, Aufbau
principles, Hund’s rule.
Chemical bonding and molecular structure:
Different type of chemical bonds: Ionic bonds: Energy involved in ionic bonding,
Electronic configuration of ions, ionic radii. Covalent bond: Lewis formulas, coordinate covalent
bond; octet rules; polar covalent bond and electro negativity, Resonance, Lewis formulas,
Bond length and bond energy.
Valence-shell electron Repulsion (VSEPR) model, Dipole movement.
Valence Bond Theory: Basic theory, Hybrid orbital, multiple bonding.
Molecular orbital theory: Principles, Bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals and
delocalised orbitals.
Periodic table:
Periodity of the elements: Mendeleev’s predictions from the periodic table; Periodic law,
atomic radius, ionization energy, variation of properties within periods and groups.
Usefulness and limitation of periodic table.
Recommended Books
Modern Inorganic Chemistry - S. Z. Haider
Modern Inorganic Chemistry - Madan
Inorganic Chemistry - Lee
Bentley and Driver’s Textbook of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Modern Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry - Discher
Textbook of Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry – Rogers
Inorganic Medicinal & Pharmaceutical Chemistry- Block, Roche, Soine & Wilson

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BPH 1103 Pharmacognosy Practical (Credit-1.0)
Cell contents: Starches and derivatives, calcium carbonate, silica.
External structures of plant drugs: Epidermal cells, trichomes, stomata etc. of leaves of
Belladonna, Mentha, Senna, Indian hemp, Digitalis etc., Seed trichomes of Cotton and
Nux-vomica seeds: Cork cells of Cascara sagrada.
Study of some groups of unorganized white and off white powder and whole drugs:
General tests for Carbohydrates
Preparation and examination of starches and related products.
Examination of gums: Accacia, tragacanth, and algenates.
Examination on fibers and surgical dressings
Study on some medicinal plants of Bangladesh.
Preparation and extraction of starches and related products
Study of some groups of unorganised white and off-white powder and whole drugs:
a. General tests for carbohydrates.
b Examination & tests of gums: Acacia, Tragacanth, Sterculia, Agar and Alginates.
c. Examination of fibers and surgical dressings.
BPH 1104 Inorganic Pharmacy I Practical (Credits 1.0)
Quantitative analysis of basic radicals: Na, K, Ca, Ag, Mn, Mg, Fe, Co, Al, and acidic radicals,
halides, citrates, CO3, SO4, NO3, PO4, SO3, S etc.
Year I Semester II
BPH 1201 Inorganic Pharmacy II (Credit 3.0)
1. Environmental chemistry and environmental sciences:
Causes of environmental pollution, types of pollutants; ex gases (SO2, SO3, CO2 , CO, NO2,)
hydrocarbons, smokes, suspended particulates, pesticides, gasoline and industrial waste,
pharmaceutical food additives.
Heavy metal toxicity: Poisoning caused by Mercury, Arsenic, Lead, Iron, Copper. Their
adverse effects on human life cycle and study of antidotes used in these poisoning cases.
Quantitative and qualitative analysis of heavy metals.
2. Radioactivity and nuclear sciences:
Nature of elements, types of elements that possess radioactive properties, their uses in
pharmaceutical and medical sciences.
3. Electrolytes:
Intra and extra cellular electrolytes (Na, K, Ca and Cl ions). Electrolytes used in
acid–base therapy. Essential and traces ions & their preparations (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, S, I, Cr)
and their application in pharmaceutical sciences.
4. Gastrointestinal agents and ORS:
Antacids (Al, Mg preparation with application), Protectives and adsorbents. Saline cathartics ,
their preparations and applications.
5. Dental preparations:
Flurides and other anticaries agents & their preparations and applications.
6. Topical agents:
Zinc preparations, Iodine preparations, sulfur preparations, Boric acid, Selenium, cadmium
sulphites, silver sulphadiazine preparations and uses.
7. Water:
Hardness of water, treatment of natural water, distilled water, demineralized water and official
water.
Recommended Books
Modern Inorganic Chemistry - S. Z. Haider

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Modern Inorganic Chemistry - Madan
Inorganic Chemistry - Lee
Bentley and Driver’s Textbook of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Modern Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry - Discher
Textbook of Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry – Rogers
Inorganic Medicinal & Pharmaceutical Chemistry- Block, Roche, Soine & Wilson
BPH 1202 Physiology & Anatomy I (Credit 3.0)
General Physiology: Physiology of cell and body fluids, composition of
body fluids, membrane physiology, Transport through cell membrane, membrane
potential, action potential. Neuromuscular transmission and muscle contraction,
Introduction to various body tissue and system with their definition classification and
function.
Blood: Composition and Function
Plasma: Electrolytes, proteins and other organic constituents.
Blood Cell: Their formation and destruction, cell count function of different blood Cells.
Hemoglobin: Structure, properties and function
Anemia: Causes and classifications
Blood coagulation, Blood groups and blood transfusion.
Lymph: Composition, formation, circulation and function, lymph nodes and lpmphatics
Circulatory system:
Heart: Structure, heart muscles, conduction system of heart, origin and
transmission of cardiac impulse, cardiac cycle, cardiac output, nervous
regulation of heart, cardiac refluxes, ECG, cardiac arrhythmia.
Blood Vessel: Types of blood vessel and their function
Blood pressure: Measurement and regulation of blood pressure and nervous control.
Arterial pulse: Definition, clinical study and recording of arterial pulse.
Capillary circulation: Importance and function
Regional blood circulation: Pulmonary, hepatic, renal , cerebral circulation.
Alimentary system:
Structure of different parts of alimentary system. Movement and control of different parts
of alimentary tract. swallowing, gastric contractions, intestinal contraction, defecation,
secretion of digestive juice;, saliva, gastric juice , pancreatic juice, intestinal juice and
bile. Mechanism and control of various secretions and their functions. Digestion of food
stuff. Absorption of different digested materials.
5. Liver: Structure and function of liver, formation of bile and it’s concentration in the gall
baldder , circulation of bile salts, and bile pigments.
Histological structure of various organ of body, muscles, Liver, spleen and kidney.
Anatomy of heart, alimentary tract.
Recommended Books
Human Physiology (vol. I & II) - C.C. Chatterjee.
Medical Physiology- Guyton.
Medical Physiology- Ganon.
Practical Physiology- C.L. Ghai.
BPH 1203 Physical Pharmacy I (Credit 3.0)
Acids and bases: The concepts: Arrhenius concept, Brosted-Lowry Concept, Relative
strengths of acids and bases, Lewis concept.
Ionic equilibrium and buffer capacity: pH, determination of pH, and preparation of buffer
and isotonic system, Methods for adjusting tonicity of solution, buffer in biological system.
States of matter:
The gaseous state: Gas laws; Ideal gas law, Gas density: Molecular weight . gas mixture;
Law of partial pressure.
Ideal gases; Kinetic molecular theory, Postultes of kinetic theory of gases, Derivation of
kinetic equation; Ideal gas law from kinetic theory, Molecular speeds: Diffusion and
Effusion.

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Real Gases: Amagat’s curves, van der Waal,s equation of state, Significance and
limitation of van der waal’s equation.
Change of state: Gas – liquid- Andrew’s experiments, Critical temperature, critical
pressure, critical volume, Liquefaction of gases.
The liquid state: Vapour pressure of liquids, Boiling point of liquids, Surface tension and
viscosity.
Dipole- dipole forces, London (Dispersion) forces, hydrogen bonding.
Solid state: Types of intermolecular forces in solids, melting point and structure, hardness
and structure, electrical conductivity and structure. Crystalline solids, Crystal lattice, unit
cell, crystal defects.
Solutions: Types of solutions. Solubility and the solution process, effect of temperature and
pressure on solubility.
Colligative properties: Expression of concentrations, molarity, mass percentage of solute,
molality, mole fraction, normality
Vapour pressure of solution: Raoult’s law of lowering of vapour pressure, elevetion of
boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmosis- osmotic pressure.
Collodis: Tyndall effect, types of collids, coagulation
Chemical equilibrium: Law of mass action, Determination of equilibrium constant.
Heterogeneous and homogeneous equilibrium, The Le Chatelier Principle, Vant Hoff
equation.
Chemical thermodynamics: Introduction, The first law of thermodynamics, Work of
expansion, Internal energy and it’s determination. Heat changes at constant volume and
pressure. Thermodynamic reversibility, work of isothermal reversible expansion of gases,
Maximum works under the isothermal expansion of a gases.The second law of
thermodynamics, Carnot’s cycle and efficiency of a perfect engine, The concept of
entropy and entropy changes for an ideal gas expansion, entropy changes of materials
under various conditions. Free energy and work functions Gibbs Helmholtz equation,
Free energy changes under equilibrium the Clausius-Claperon equation.
Phase equilibrium: Phase, component and degree of freedom, phase rules and
thermodynamic deviation, phase diagrams of water, partially miscible liquid pairs; phenol
and water nicotine water system, Completely miscible liquid pairs and their separation by
fractional distillation.
Recommended Books
Principle of Physical Chemistry- Haque & Nawab
Physical Pharmacy- Martin
Elements of Physical Chemistry- Lewis & Glasstone
Physical Chemistry- Atkins
Physical Chemistry – Bahl & Tuli
BPH 1204 Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry (Credit 3.0)
1. Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical uses:
Glycosides and glycoside-containing drugs: Classification of glycosides, Bio
synthesis of glycosides. The details of the followings:
Cyanogenic: Wild Cherry
Isothiocyanate: Mustard ( Black and white musturd)
Cardiac: Digitalis, Stophanthus, Sguill, Nerium.
Saponins: Sarsaparilla, Glycyrrihiza, Dioscorea
Anthraquinone: Cascara sagrada, Aloe, Senna, Rhubard
Other glycosides and neutral principles: Vanilla, Gentian Quassia, Saffron.
Alkaloid: Distribution, Properties, tests , extraction, classification of alkaloids , The
details of the followings:
Tropane : Belladona, Strmonium, Hyoscyamus etc.
Quinoline: Cinchona, Cusparia bark
Isoquinoline: Ipecac, Opium, Sanguinaraia, Curare
Indole: Rauwolfia, Nux vomica, Ergot, Catharanthus
Imidazole: Pilocarpine
Steriodal: Vertrum viride, Aconite

13
Lupinea: Lipinus Spp.
Purine base: Coffee, Tea
Biosynthesis of tropane, quinoline, isoqunoline and indolic alkaloids.
Volatile oils and related terpenoids: Methods of obtaining of volatile oils,
chemistry, medicinal and commercial uses , biosynthesis of some important
volatile constituents used as drugs & the details of the followings:
Terpenes and sesquiterpenes: Pinus, Juniper, Cade
Alcohols: Coriander, Sandalwood
Ester: Peppermint. Lavender, Rosemarry
Aldehydes: Cinnamon bark, Eucalyptus, lemon peel, Lemon grass
Ketones:Spearmint, Caraway, Camphor.
Phenols: Clove, Cinnamon leaf, Ajowan
Ethers: Fennel, Nutmeg, Eucalyptus, Anise, Cajunut
Peroxides: Chenopodium
Others: Mustard, wintergreen, Bitter almond, Cardamon.
Phenolic compounds and tannins: Chemical nature and tests for tannins. Some
tannin containing drugs like Nutgall, catechu.
Herb and health foods: Alfa alfa, Apricot, Pits, Garlic, Onion, Gingeng. Spirulina,
Honey.
Study of some poisonous plants and natural pesticides: Dutura, Helmok,
Foxglove,Ipornoca, Tobbaco, Red squill, Strychinine.
Recommended Books
Pharmacognosy - Tyler and Bbrady.
Pharmacognosy - Trease and Evans.
Pharmacognosy - Clause and Tyler.
Textbook of Pharmacognosy - Willis.
Practical Pharmacognosy - Zafar & Gandhi.
BPH 1205 Herbal Medicines & Neutraceuticals (Credit 3.0)
Medicinal plants: Occurrence, distribution, chemical constituents and uses of some selected
Medicinal plants of Bangladesh.
Indigenous system: Herbalism, Folk medicine, etc.; their methods of diagnosis and
treatment, type and composition of medicinal preparations, merits and demerits.
Scientific validation and impact: on the overall health management programs, Socio-
economical aspects of the country, in vitro studies, animal studies, clinical studies etc.
Pharmacological aspects of Herbal Medicines: used recipe, dosage, pharmacological
action, side effects, toxicity, contraindications, Precautions, adverse effects etc. of
tradicinal medicaments.
Formulation and Dosage Forms of Herbal Medicines:
Types and methods. Use of modern technology and pharmaceutical knowledge.
6. Fundamental principles of the science of human nutrition. How nutritional intake
affects health, contemporary issues in nutrition and recognizing reliable sources of
nutrition.
7. Modified diets used for treating diseases including diabetes, obesity, anorexia,
bulimia, and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
8. Foods for special diets used in various disease states including cardiovascular, liver
and kidney disease, trauma and cystic fibrosis.
9. Nutritional needs throughout the life cycle: Infant, maternal and gerontological nutrition.
Nutritional menu for a special care home.
Recommended Books
Herbal Medicine for Human Health – Chowdhury, B.R. (WHO Publication).

14
Medicinal Plants of Bangladesh (2
nd
edition) – Abdul Ghani
The Use of Traditional medicine in Primary Healthcare – WHO Publication
Healing Power of Herbs – M.T. Murray
Traditional Medicine – Abdul Ghani
Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine in Africa – A. Sofowora.
Medicinal Herbal – H.M. Said (Hamdard Publication)
Medicinal Botany: Plants affecting Man’s Health – W.H. Lewis & Elvin-Lewis.
Natural Products as Medicinal agents – Beal & Reinhard
Hamdard Pharmacopoeia
Unani and Ayurvedic Formularies of Bangladesh
12. Dietary Supplements and Functional Foods-G P Webb
13. Preventing Foreign Material Contamination of Foods-Doug Peariso
14. Herbal Drug Technology- S. S. Agrawal & M. Paridhavi.
BPH 1206 Inorganic Pharmacy II Practical (Credit 1.0)
Identification of inorganic drugs in their formulations
Ca
+2
from supplied preparation
Fe
+2
AL
+3
Mg
+2
Na
+
K
+
Manufacturing of some Inorganic Drugs
Manufacturing of Aluminium hydroxide gel
Manufacturing of ferrous chloride, ferrous gluconate, ferrous fumarate.
Conversion of different water insoluble or sparingly water soluble drugs into water-
soluble drugs
Na/K salicylate from salicylic acid
Na/K benzoate from benzoic acid
Na/K citrate from citric acid
BPH 1207 Physiology & Anatomy I Practical (Credit 1.0)
Study of compound microscope
Histology of muscles, Liver, spleen, Kidney, large and small intestine, Pancreas, Lung and
skin.
Estimation of hemoglobin and ESR
Determination of clotting and bleeding time.
Blood cell count (TC, DC)
Blood grouping and Rh typing
BPH 1208 Physical Pharmacy I Practical (Credit 1.0)
Standardization of Acids and bases.
Determination of pKa, and pKb values.
Preparation of solutions of different pH and buffer capacities.
Determination of phase diagram of binary systems.
Determination of distribution co-efficients.
Determination of mol. wt. By Victor Meyer’s method.
Determination of heats of solutions by measuring solubility as a function of temperature
(Van’t Hoff equation).
BPH 1209 Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry Practical (Credit 1.0)
Study of volatile oils and volatile oils containing drugs: Caraway, Clove, Cinnamon,
Peppermint.
Extraction and identification of alkaloids from Coffee, Tea, Belladonna, Nux vomica.
Isolation of lactose from cow’s milk.
Physical and chemical tests for honey.
. 5. Distillation method for obtaining volatile oils.

15
BPH 1210 ORAL ASSESSMENT I (Credit 1.0)
Year II Semester I
BPH 2101 Organic Pharmacy (Credit 3.0)
Principles of various reactions:
Electrophilic, nucleophilic free radical addition.
Aliphatic, aromatic and free radical substitution
Elimination reaction
Rearrangement reaction
Aldehydes and Ketones: Chemistry, properties, synthesis, uses, pharmaceutical
importance of such compounds and their derivatives.
Carboxylic Acids: Chemistry, properties, synthesis, uses, pharmaceutical importance of
such compounds and their derivatives.
Aliphatic and aromatic amines and related nitrogen containing compounds: Properties,
synthesis, reactions and reaction mechanisms, pharmaceuticals and/or biological
importance.
5. Some name reactions: Grignard reaction, Perkin reaction, Reformatsky reaction, Wittig
reaction, Diels-Alder reaction, Oppenauer reaction, Kolb reaction, Meerwin-Pondroff
reaction, Clemension reaction, Baklelite reaction, Birch reaction, Darzens condensation
reaction, Friedel – Crafts reaction, Gattermann – Koch and Sandmeyer reaction, Hofmann
reaction, Mannich reaction, Michael reaction, Reimer-Timann reaction – their principles
mechanism and pharmaceutical applications.
6. Heterocyclic compounds :
5-memebered compounds: preparations, reactions and pharmaceuticals importance.
6-memebered compounds: preparations, reactions and pharmaceuticals importance of
pyridine, pyrimidine, pyradazine, pyrazine and triazine.
7. Introduction to common essential drugs, preparation and uses :Diethyl
ether,chloroform, cyclopropane, trichloroethane, salicylic acid, aspirin, phenacetin,
paracetamol, benzoic acid, benzyl benzoate, sulfa-drugs, PASA, PABA, isoniazide,
halothen, enflurane, methoxyflurane.
Recommended Books
Organic Chemistry - Morrison and Boyd
Textbook of Organic Chemistry - Bahl and Bahl
Organic Chemistry, Vo1. I & II-Finar
Organic Chemistry - Feiser and Feiser
An Introduction to Organic Chemistry - Bahl and Bahl
Introduction to organic laboratory techniques- Pavia and Lampman
BPH 2102 Physical Pharmacy II (Credits 3.0)
Chemical kinetics: rates and orders of reactions, methods for determination of orders of
reactions. Influences of temperature on rate of reactions, theories of reaction rates,
decomposition of pharmaceutical products, accelerated test for physical, chemical and
photochemical stability, stability aspects of formulations, manbeted products and clinical
supplies, shelf life determination.
Adsorption and interfacial phenomena: Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms, BET
equation, electrical properties of interfaces, electrical double layer, Nernst and zeta
potential, Gibbs equation, Spreading , surface active agents, Emulgents, detergents and
antifoaming agents, Surfactants and drug activity , surfactants and pharmaceutical
products.

16
Rheology: Newtonian liquids, Non Newtonian materials, yield value, plastic and pseduplastic
flow, dilatant and thixotropic flow, viscosity of suspending agent.
Electrochemistry: Electrical units and their interrelation , faraday’s law of electrolysis and
electrochemical equivalents, electrolytic conduction, equivalent conductance and the
related facts , conductometric titration , transference number and their determination.
Electrochemical cell: Electrode and cell potentials. Energies involved in electrode
processes; reference electrodes , buffer solutions and measurement of pH, potentiometic
titration, oxidation reduction systems, concentration cell.
Recommended Books
Principle of Physical Chemistry- Haque & Nawab
Physical Pharmacy- Martin
Elements of Physical Chemistry- Lewis & Glasstone
Physical Chemistry- Atkins
Physical Chemistry – Bahl & Tuli
BPH 2103 Pharmacology I (Credit 3.0)
General principle: drug source, routes of administration, and pharmacogenetics.
Introduction to pharmacokinetics: Drug absorption, factors affecting drug absorption,
distribution, metabolism and excretion.
3. Introduction to pharmacodynamics: Basic principle, receptors, agonist, antagonist,
potentiation, synergism, drug-receptor interaction, factors modifying drug action, drug
tolerances, dependence, etc.
4. Mechanism of drug action: Basic concept of drug action, Drug receptors, Receptor and
non receptor mechanisms of drug action, Relationship between drug and receptor binding,
Signaling mechanism of drug action, Relation between drug dose and clinical response.
5.Therapy for some disease conditions:
Histamine and antihistamine (H1 and H2 blockers)
Local and general anesthetics
6. Study of analgesic and antipyretic drug: Concept of pain and fever, causes of pain and
fever, Narcotic analgesic, Non narcotic analgesics, Concept of inflammation, Drug used in the
treatment of gout.
Recommended Books
1. Pharmacological basis of therapeutics-Goodman & Gillman.
2. Medical Pharmacology-Katzung.
3. Medical Pharmacology-Meyer.
4. Medical Pharmacology-A. Goth.
5. Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics- R.S. Satosker.
BPH 2104 Physiology & Anatomy II (Credit 3.0)
Respiratory system:
Mechanism of respiration. Pulmonary ventilation, ventilation volumes, gaseous
interchange through lungs; Carriage of O2 and CO2. regulation of respiration: Nervous
and chemical respiration.
Hypoxia: Causes and classification , abnormal breathing. Cheyne stokes breathing.
Kussmal breathing, breathing at high altitude.
Nervous system:
Nerve cell- properties, classification and function,
Nerve fibres: Types of nerve fibres, Origin and propagation of nerve impulse across
nerve fibre, action potential ,units for measurement of nerve ecitability,.
Synapse: Classification and properties of synapses and their functions.
Reflex action: definition, classification and properties , principal division of nervous
system; CNS, PNS, Different parts of CNS; principal motor and sensory paths of the
CNS, Upper motor neurone and lower motor neurone.
Sensory nerve ending: Different types of sensation, Muscle tone; Definition and
regulation.

17
Posture and postural reflex: Autonomic nervous system and its principal division,:
sympathetic and parasympathetic functions served by the sympathetic and para
sympathetic nerves. Neurotransmitter.
Metabolism: Fats, carbohydrates, proteins and nucleoproteins metabolism. Metabolic path
ways of fats, carbohydrates and proteins. Enzymes, hormones, vitamins regulating the
metabolic pathways; vitamin and minerals their physiological properties and functions.
Endocrine system: Structure and functions of pituitary thyroid parathyroid, adrenal glands
and pancreatic islets. Hormones secreted by the different endocrine glands and by the
hypothalamus, normal and disordered functions of the different hormones. Regulation of
the secretion of different hormones.
BPH 2105 Pharmaceutics I (Credits 3.0)
History and principle of pharmacy practice: History, code of ethics, pharmacopoeias,
formularies, and codex officially organized in Bangladesh.
Micromeritics: Importance of particle size determination, different means of expressing
particle size, methods of particle size determination, Optical and electronic microscope
studies, Coulter counter methods, Laser beam technique, Sieve analysis, Sedimentation
methods, particle shape and surface area, measurement of surface area.
Solubility and dissolution rate: Methods of expressing solubility, solubility of gases in
liquids, solubility of liquids in liquids, solubility of solids in solids, solubility of solids in
liquids, factors affecting solubility, dissolution rate of solids in liquids.
Disperse system: The colloidal state, classification of colloids, Preparation, properties of
colloidal sols, Electric double layer, Origin of the charge, stability of colloids,
sedimentation, stoke’s law, viscosity of colloids, coacervation, Dialysis, properties of gels.
Protective colloid, sensitization, dialysis, Donnan membrane equilibrium, application and
uses of colloidal preparation in pharmacy.
Pharmaceutical calculation: Dosage calculation, Statistical methods used in
pharmaceuticals, ANOVA, logarithm calculation, percentage calculation, ratio strength,
and concentration measurements.
Norms of Good manufacturing practices.
Recommended Books
Dispensing for Pharmaceutical Students- Cooper & Gunn
American Pharmacy - Sprowl.
Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences.
Dispensing of medication- Husa & Martin.
Pharmaceutical Practice- Aulton
An introduction to Pharmaceutical Formulations- Fishburn
An introduction to Pharmaceutical Productions- Polderman
The Extra Pharmacopoeia- Martindale
Bentley’s Textbook of Pharmaceutics
Tutorial Pharmacy-Cooper & Gunn
BPH 2106 Organic Pharmacy Practical (Credit 1.0)
Synthesis and tests of drug and drug intermediates:
a) Paracetamol
b) Aspirin
c) PABA (Para Amino Benzoic Acid)
d) Ethyl para hydroxy benzoate
e) Methyl Salicylate.
BPH 2107 Physical Pharmacy II Practical (Credits 1.0)
Determination of viscosity of liquid pharmaceutical preparations- Syrup, emulsion,
suspension.

18
Study of variation of viscosity of liquids with temperature using Ostwald or Engler’s
viscometer.
Determination of adsorption isotherm of oxalic or acetic acid from aqueous solution by
charcoal and calculation of the constant in Freundlich’s equation.
Determination of equilibrium constant of the reaction KI + I2 = KI3
Determination of velocity constant for the hydrolysis of an ester in the basic medium by
Conductance measurements.
Determination of iron content in supplied solution Mohr’s salt by titration with KmnO4.
BPH 2108 Pharmacology I Practical (Credit 1.0)
1. Study of drugs acting on CNS
a. CNS stimulant drugs (Strychine, ephedrine, amphetamine)
b. CNS depressant drugs (Barbiturates)
2. Effect of local anesthetics on rat-tail.
3. Effect of pilocarpine on saliva secretion of rat.
BPH 2109 Physiology & Anatomy II Practical (Credit 1.0)
Recording of normal heart beat in toad
Demonstration of effect of temperature aviation on toad heart.
Demonstration the effects of electrolytes (Na
+
, K
+
) on toad heart.
Recording of respiration with stethograph. Effect of physical exercise on breathing.
Measurement of B.P with sphygmomanometer. Effects of physical exercise on B.P and
heart beat.
Estimation of blood sugar.
Year II Semester II
BPH 2201 Pharmaceutics II (Credits 3.0)
Preformulation considerations: Preliminary evaluation and molecular optimization, Bulk
characterization , material crystalinity, polymorphism. Thermal properties, hygroscopicity.
Particle characterization, bulk density, powder flow properties, solubility analysis, p
Ka
determination, pH, solubility proficle, effect of temperature, solubilization, partition
coefficient, dissolution, stability analysis, solution stability and solid state stability.
Polymer science for pharmaceuticals: Pharmaceutical applications, physical ,chemical and
mechanical properties, molecular eight and distribution, polymer solution properties,
plasticization, and elastomers.
Pharmaceutical excipients: Chemistry, physical properties and uses of following excipients:
Acidifying agents, air displacement agents, alkalizing agents, antifoaming agents, anti
microbial agents, preservatives, anti oxidants, buffering agents, chelating agents, colors
complexing agents, emulsifying agents, flavoring agents and perfumes, Humectants,
ointment base, solvents, stiffening agents, wetting and solubilizing agents.
Basic principles of compounding and dispensing: Weight, measure and units calculation
for compounding and dispensing. Fundamental operation in compounding. Good
pharmaceutical practices in compounding and dispensing. Containers and closures for
dispensed products. Responding to prescription, labeling of dispensed medications.
General approach to drug development: Drug approval process, pre clinical testing, animal
models, manufacturing issues, clinical trial design.
Recommended Books
The Theory and practice of Industrial Pharmacy - Lachman.
Pharmaceutics - Aulton.
Pharmaceutical Practice-Aulton
An introduction to Pharmaceutical Productions-Polderman

19
BPH 2202 Pharmacology II (Credit 3.0)
1. Anibacterial and anifungal agents: Introduction, classification, chemistry Mode of
action, SAR, pharmacokinetics, indications, contraindications dose, adverse effect and
drug interaction of following individual class of drug:
a. Sulfonamide and trimethroprime
b. - lactam antibiotics: Penicillin, cephalosporin, Carbapenems, monolactams
c. Drug affecting bacterial protein synthesis: Tetracycline, Chloramphanicol,
Amioglycosides, Macrolides
d. Fluroquinolones
e. Glycopeptide antibiotics, Polymixin antibiotics, bacitricin and Nitrofurantoin.
f. Antitubercular agents: Streptomycin, Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Ethambutol,
Pyrazinamide, Capreomycin, Thaiacetazone
g. Antiloprosy drug: Dapson, Rifampicin, Clofazimine.
h. Anti fungal agents.
2. Drugs used in tropical diseases: Introduction ,classification, chemistry Mode of action,
SAR, pharmacokinetics, indications, contraindications dose, adverse effect and drug
interaction of following individual class of drug
Antiamoebic drugs
Antimalarial drugs
Anthelmentic drugs
Drugs used in enteric fever
Drugs used in diarrhoea and cholera
3. Pharmacology of drugs affecting cardio-vascular system: General considerations
pharmacological actions, mechanism of action, therapeutic uses, side effects and
structure activity relationships of the following drugs-
Diuretics and anti-diuretics
Drugs used in Angina and Myocardial infarction
Anti-hypertensive drugs
Drugs used in heart failure
Recommended Books
Pharmacological basis of therapeutics-Goodman & Gillman.
Medical Pharmacology-Katzung.
Medical Pharmacology-Meyer.
Medical Pharmacology-A. Goth.
Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics- R.S. Satosker.
BPH 2203 Biomolecular Pharmacy (Credit 3.0)
Carbohydrate: Introduction, classification, isomerism, stereo-chemistry, aldoses, ketoses,
oxidation, effect of alkali, configuration of aldoses and ketoses, epimers and anomers of
sugars, derivatives of monosaccharides, glycoproteins, physiologically important
glycosides, reducing and non reducing sugars, optical activity, hemiacetal, acetal form of
glucose, ring size determination, disaccharides, structure of polysaccharides, starch,
cellulose, glycogen, some pharmaceutically important carbohydrates.
2. Amino acids and protein: Introduction, classification, essential and non essential amino
acids, structure of amino acids, acidity and basicity of amino acids, properties of amino
acids, isoelectric point, zwitterion, reactions of amino acids, amino acid sequence
determination of protein, racimization etc. Denaturation and purification of proteins,
proteins as enzyme, protein as drug, biologically important peptides.
Enzymes and coenzymes: Chemistry, classification, catalytic properties, enzyme specificity,
mechanism of enzyme action, enzyme catalyzed reaction, chemotherapy, coenzymes,
thiamine pyrophosphate, flavin coenzyme, tetrahydrofolate, pantothanic acid, NAD
+
,
NADH, Pyridoxal pyrophosphate, biotin, vitamin B12. etc.

20
4. Lipids: Introduction, acylglycerols, saturated, unsaturated and essential fatty acids,
isomerism in fatty acids, phosphoglycerides, steroids, bile salts, lipoproteins etc.
5 Nucleic acids: Chemistry of nucleic acids, bases, nucleosides, nucleotides,
polynucleotides, nucleoproteins, RNA, DNA, Double –Helix theory, replication of
DNA, Codons, anti-codons.
Recommended Books
Biochemistry, 5th ed., J.M. Berg, J.L. Tymoczko and L. Stryer. Freeman (1995) (or an
earlier edition).
Molecular Cell Biology, 3rd Ed. Lodish, H., et al (1995).
Essential Cell Biology, 3rd ed. B. Alberts et al. Pub. Garland (1998).
Amazing Schemes within your Genes, Balkwill and Rolph. Collins
Instant Notes in Biochemistry, Hames, Hooper and Houghton. Bios Scientific Publishers
Biochemistry – Leninger
BPH 2204 Clinical Pathology (Credit 3.0)
General considerations and scope of Clinical Pathology.
Cellular Injury and Adaptation: Morphology of injured cells, intracellular accumulation, sub-
cellular alteration, adaptation, neuralgia.
Inflammation and Repair: Morphological patterns and changes in vascular flow and
permeability, phagocytosis, chemical mediators, mechanisms of regeneration and
repairing, gastritis, ulceration, pleuritis, cervicitis.
Neoplasia: Characteristics, grading and stages of cancer, metastasis, karyotype changes in
tumour, carcinogenic agents and their cellular interaction, oncogenes and cancer,
sarcomas..
Diseases of blood vessels: Arteriosclerosis, hypersensitivity, thrombophelibitis, varicose
veins.
Thyroid Diseases: Cretimism, myxedema, graves disease, goiter, hyperthyroidism.
Miscellaneous: Spleenomegaly, pyloric stenosis, endometrial hyperplasia,
cholelithiasis, cholecysitis, disease of the nervous system, gestational and
placental disorders, diseases of stomach and intestine.
Recommended Books
1. Robins Pathologic basis of disease
2. Pathology illustrated-A.D.T. Govan
BPH 2205 Pharmaceutical Microbiology (Credits 3.0)
Introduction to microbiology: Microbiology as a field of biology, Place of micro organism in
the living field, Procaryotic and Eucaryotic protests, Groups of micro organism. Area and
application of microbiology.
Microscopic observations of microorganisms: Bright field, dark field, fluorescence and
phase contrast microscopy. Electronic microscopy. Preparations of microscopic
examinations. Wet mount and hanging drop techniques, Fixed and stained smears.
Microbiological stains, Simple and differential staining methods.
Bacteria: Nomenclature of bacteria, Morphology and fine structures, Nutritional
requirements. Bacteriological media,. Growth and reproduction. Quantitative
measurement of bacterial growth. Maintenance and preservation of pure culture of
bacteria.
Microorganisms other than bacteria:
Yeasts-types: Morphology, Reproduction and physiology. Pathogenic yeasts.

21
Rickettsiae: Introduction, Characteristics of Rickettsiae, Pathogenic Rickettsiae,
Laboratory diagnosis of rikettsial diseases.
Viruses: History, classification, characteristics, reproduction, cultivation of virus,
Virus inhibition, control of viral infection, Bacteriophages, Morphology,
composition , cultivation , reproduction of bacterial viruses.
Sterilization techniques: Sterilization by heat, gas, filtration, radiation, etc.
Aseptic Techniques: Sources of contamination, design of laboratories, aseptic room
ventilation, provision of bacteriological clean air, mechanical filtration, types of filter,
electrostatic precipitation, UV light, chemicals, evaluation of filters, bacteriological testing,
methylene blue test, sodium flame test, bubble pressure technique, laminar flow of air.
Sterility Testing: Significance, factors influencing the design of sterility tests; sampling,
control test, inactivation of antibacterial, filtration techniques in sterility testing,
mechanisms, advantage and disadvantages of filtration, tests on aqueous solutions.
Evaluation Techniques in Microbiology: Methods of evaluation, Microbiological assay
of disinfectants and antibiotics – principles, methodology, and features of the assay.
Microbiologic contamination of pharmaceutical products: sources, evaluation,
prevention, control etc.
Immunology: Infection, resistance, immunity, antigens and antibodies antigen-antibody
reactions, primary & secondary defensive mechanism of body, microbial resistance,
interferon, basic principles of immunity, active and passive immunity.
Recommended Book
Microbiology - Pelczar, Kreig and Khan.
Microbiology : An Introduction- Tortora, Funkee and Case
Biology of Microorganisms-T.D. Brock
Industrial Microbiology - Prescott and Dunn.
Pharmaceutical Microbiology - Harris.
Fundamental Principles of Bacteriology - Salle.
Dispensing for Pharmaceutical Students - Cooper and Gunn.
Microbiology- Lachman and Whistriche
BPH 2206 Pharmaceutics II Practical (Credit 1.0)
Experiments to illustrate the preparation, problems encountered during preparation, physical
evaluation of: pH determination, isotonicity & solubility determination and adjustments
BPH 2207 Pharmacology II Practical (Credit 1.0)
1. Estimation of salicyclic acid in blood after administration of Aspirin tablet.
2. Estimation of paracetamol in blood after administration.
3. Test of local anesthesia.
4. Estimation of anti histamine in blood after administration
BPH 2208 Pharmaceutical Microbiology Practical (Credits 1.0)
Identification and characterization of bacteria
Staining of bacterial cells and spores.
Preparation of pure bacterial cultures.
Preparation of pure culture and its identification
Bacterial counts.
BPH 2209 ORAL ASSESMENT II (Credit 1.0)
Year III Semester I
BPH 3101 Medicinal Chemistry I (Credit 3.0)
Drug targets: various types of drug targets; identification and validation, Receptors as drug
targets: General principles of designing and developing various receptor agonists and

22
antagonists. Receptors sensitization and desensitization, tolerance and dependence.
Enzymes as drug targets: designing enzyme inhibitors, Nucleic acids as drug targets.
Signal transduction and its role in designing drugs.
Structure activity relationship and quantitative structure activity relationship: their importance in
designing drug molecules.
Stereochemistry and drug design.
SAR, physicochemical properties, biochemical approaches to drug design of the following group
of drugs:
(a) Antimetabolites
(b) Anticancer drugs
(c) Chemotherapeutic agents used in bacterial, protozoal, parasitic and other infections
resistance and the development of new chemotherapeutic agents.
Recommended Books
1. A Textbook of Medicinal Chemistry-Wilson & Gisvold
2. Medicinal Chemistry-Burger
3. Organic Chemistry (Vol. 1& 2)-Finar
4. Organic Chemistry-Morrison & Boyd.
BPH 3102 Pharmaceutical Technology I (Credits 3.0)
Dosages forms: Introduction, Definition and classification of different pharmaceutical dosages
forms.
Liquid dosages forms: Solution and elixirs, theory of solution, different factors affecting solution
process, packaging of liquids, preservation and stability, quality control system of liquid.
Suspensions: Advantages and disadvantages of suspension, theoretical considerations,
aggregated and dispersed systems, formulation, manufacturing, stability, evaluation and
quality control, rheological considerations, illustrative example.
Emulsions: Definitions, applications, advantages, disadvantages, theory, formation, classification
of emulsifying agent, formulation, manufacturing, stability, evaluation and quality system,
rheological consideration, illustrative examples.
Semisolids (ointment, paste, gel): Structure of skin, percutaneous absorption of drugs.
Definition, classification of semisolid, classification of ointment bases, formulation,
manufacturing of ointments, rheological considerations, evaluation and quality system.
Suppositories: Drug absorption from colon, classification, formulation, manufacturing, quality
control, suppository bases.
Recommended Books
The Theory and practice - Lachman of Industrial Pharmacy.
Pharmaceutics - Aulton.
Pharmaceutical Practice-Aulton
An introduction to Pharmaceutical Productions-Polderman
BPH 3103 Biomolecular Genetics (Credit 3.0)
Translation and Protein Synthesis: Prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes. Amino acid
activation, initiation, elongation, termination, inhibition by antibiotics.Genetic engineering and
its applications in Pharmaceutical industries.
2. Metabolism of Carbohydrates: Glycolysis with all related reactions., Krebs cycle with all
related reactions, glycogenesis, glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, hexose monophosphate
shunt, uronic acid pathway.Biological oxidation, electron transport chain, oxidative
phosphorylation, Free radicals and antioxidants.

23
3. Metabolism of lipids- An overview of lipid metabolism, beta-oxidation of fatty acids,
energetics of fatty acid oxidation, oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids, ketonebodies,
overproduction of ketone bodies, regulation of ketogenesis, ketoacidosis, lipoproteins, fatty
liver, lipotropic factors, obesity, atherosclerosis.
4. Metabolism of ammonia and nitrogen containing compounds: Biosynthesis of amino
acids, catabolism of amino acids, deamination, transamination, ammonia formation and
transport, one carbon metabolism, fate of carbon skeleton of aminoacids, inborn errors of
amino acid metabolism, conversion of amino acids to specialized products, urea cycle,
metabolic disorders of urea cycle, metabolism of sulfur containing amino acids, porphyrin
biosynthesis, formation of bile pigments, hyperbilirubinemia, purine biosynthesis, purine
neucleotide interconversion, pyrimidine biosynthesis and formation of deoxyribonecleotides.
5. Nucleic acids and protein Biosynthesis: Brief introduction of the genetic organization of
the mammalian genome, alteration and rearrangements of genetic material, biosynthesis of
DNA and its replication, mutation, physical and chemical mutagenesis, carcinogenesis, DNA
repair mechanism, biosynthesis of RNA, Genetic code, components of protein synthesis and
inhibition of protein synthesis, Regulation of gene expression
DNA Replication, RNA and Transcription: Genetic code in DNA replication, mRNA, tRNA,
rRNA, ribosome structure, RNA synthesis and post-transcriptional modifications.
BPH 3104 Pharmaceutical Analysis & Quality Control I (Credit 3.0)
Introduction and Techniques of pharmaceutical analysis: Selection of samples, Selection of
chemicals, Choosing tools, identification of containers, filtration, ignition of precipitates,
drying of samples, recording of results.
Aqueous acid- base titration: Definitions, distribution of acid-base species with pH of the
midium. Acid-base titrimetry for determination of weakly acidic and basic pharmaceuticals.
Indicators (theories), their selection and applications.
Oxidation Reduction Titration: Principles and concepts. Determination involving potassium
permanganate, potassium dichromate and potassium bromate. Iodometric titration,
miscellaneous oxidation-reduction titration, Indicators and applications.
Complexometric titration: Introduction to complexometric titration. Complexes and chelates,
stability of complexions, Titration based on complex formation. Types of complexometric
titrations. Techniques employed in chelometric titration. Methods of end point detection,
titration selectrivity and masking agents.
Aquametry: Concept, methods like Physical methods of water determination. Chemical methods
of water determination. and pharmaceutical importance
Principles of microbiological assay of antibiotics and vitamins.
Non-aqueous Titration: concept, different methods and pharmaceutical importance
Recommended Books
1. A Textbook of Pharmaceutical Analysis- K.A. Connors
2. Quantitative Pharmaceutical Analysis- Chatten
3. Quantitative Inorganic Analysis vol. I & II- Vogel
4. United State Pharmacopoeia
5. British Pharmacopoeia.
6. Quality Control in Pharmaceutical Industry- M.S. Cooper
7. Quality Control in Pharmaceutical Industry- Bekkect and Stenlake
BPH 3105 Pharmacology III (Credit 3.0)
1. Drugs acting on CNS:
a. CNS stimulating drugs,
b. Cholinergic and anti-cholinergic drugs,
c. Adrenergic and anti-adrenergic drugs
d. Sedatives & hypnotics, Psychotropic and anti-depressant drugs
2. Anti-diabetic drugs: Introduction and classification of diabetics, Hyperglycemia and
hypoglycemia, Introduction, classification, chemistry, mode of action SAR pharmacokinetics,
indication, contraindications, dose, adverse effect and drug interaction of Oral hypoglycemic
agent, a) Sulfonylureas, b) Bigunides, Mangement of Diabetes mellitus, Hormone preparation;
Insulin

24
3. Toxicology: Principles,LD50, LD10, ED50, Therapeutic Index, evaluation of toxicology in
animals, factors affecting poisoning; interventions by pharmacists in the prevention,
diagnosis, management of poisoning; types of arsenic poisoning, Ground water and arsenic
poisoning, geographical distribution in Bangladesh, detection of arsenic; symptoms,
diagnosis, prevention and treatment of arsenic poisoning; arsenic mitigation programs in
Bangladesh, General considerations in Drug abuse ; characteristics and treatment of drug
abuse; consequences of drug abuse, control of drug abuse etc.
BPH 3106 Hospital & Community Pharmacy (Credit 3.0)
1. Introduction: Abilities Required of a Hospital Pharmacist. Hospital as an institution,
registration requirements, general functions, classification, Organizational patterns,
Management and administration, Role of a Pharmacist in the Hospital, Hospital Pharmacy,
Organizational and administration, Supportive personnel, Pharmacy Education.
2. Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee: Description and purpose, organization, scopes
and functions, Hospital Formulary, Guiding Principles, Legal Basis, Principles for
Admission of Deletion of Drugs. Investigational Use of Drugs, Description, and Principles
involved, Classification, Control, Identification, Advisory committee, hospital formulary
system.
3. Purchasing and Drug Distribution: Purchasing system, Control on Purchases, Storage,
Physical Inventory, Perpetual Inventory. Drug distribution and control system in hospitals,
Floor Stock Drugs, Inspection of Nursing station medication area.
4. Control of Special Classes of Drugs: Narcotics distribution and Control, Procurement
and Execution of Order Forms, Dispensing, Hospital Narcotic Regulations.
5. Dispensing to In and Out Patients: Dispensing of charged Non floor stock drugs, Unit
dose dispensing. Dispensing to out-door patients, Record keeping. Dispensing during off
hours, Emergency boxes and night drug cabinets, Pharmacist on call, Drug charges in
hospitals, Pricing, break even point pricing.
6. Drug information centre and library: Physical facilities, selection of contents, Methods of
dissemination of drug information, External educational programs.
7. Community Pharmacy: Concept of community Health care, Health needs of the
community, Different levels of health care, Elements of Primary Health care, Principles of
Primary Health care, community Pharmacy in dealing with communicable diseases
problem, Nutritional Problems, Environmental sanitation problems and indigenous systems
of medicine, Development of Community Pharmacy infrastructure.
8. Rational Use of Drugs: Background of Rational use of Drugs, Definition, Factors
Underlying irrational use of Drugs. Factors effecting drug use, strategies to improve
prescribing, Strengths and weakness of different Interventions to change drug use patterns,
international network for rational use of drugs.
9. Forensic Pharmacy: Definition, Epidemiology of poisoning, Influential factors, substances
most frequently involved in Accidental ingestions among children. First-Aid treatment for
poisoning, treatment, Antidotes: locally acting and systemic, Prevention of poisoning,
poison Control, Poison control act, Schedules, poison treatment centre, Poison prevention
Packaging, National and community Awareness, Centralization of Poison Information.
Responsibilities of pharmacists.
Recommended Books
Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics by Herfindal, Gourly & Hort
Therapeutic basis of Clinical Pharmacy in the tropics by Aguwa
Hospital Pharmacy by William Hasan
Textbook of Hospital Pharmacy by Allwood
BPH 3107 Medicinal Chemistry I Practical (Credit 1.0)

25
Experiments involving the synthesis, design of synthetic process of different generic group of
pharmaceuticals and allied raw materials covered in the theoretical section of the medicinal
chemistry curriculum.
BPH 3108 Pharmaceutical Technology I Practical (Credits 1.0)
Preparation of paracetamol suspension
Preparation of benzyl benzoate ointment
Preparation of clopromazine hydrochloride syrup.
Preparation of dry syrups and suspensions.
Preparation of effervescent powders.
Preparation of ORS.
Year III Semester II
BPH 3201 Medicinal Chemistry II (Credit 3.0)
Target oriented drug design: Optimization of drug target interactions. Getting from hit
to lead to clinic.
Pharmacokinetic drug design: optimization of pharmacokinetic parameters.
Combinational Synthesis: role in lead generation and lead optimization.
Computer aided drug design: Design via structure and computer modeling.
5. Development and design ,synthetic procedures of selected drugs, SAR of :
a. Drugs affecting cholinergic neurotransmission
b. Drugs affecting adrenergic neurotransmission
c. serotonin receptors and drug affecting serotonergic neurotransmission
d. Local anesthetics
e .Neuromuscular blockers , anti-parkinsonian and spasmolytic agents
f. antipsychotic agents
Recommended Books
A Textbook of Medicinal Chemistry – Wilson and Gisvold.
Medicinal Chemistry – Burger.
Organic Chemistry (vol. 1 & 2) – Finar.
Organic Chemistry – Morrison and Boyd
BPH 3202 Pharmacoeconomics & Policy (Credits 2.0)
1. Understandings of how the market for pharmaceuticals works and why it is often the
focus of much regulation. Flow of funds, demand, contracting.
2. Managed care, risk, capital and competition, insurance.
3. Economic and policy problems encountered in managing pharmaceutical markets and
how to evaluate the impact of alternative policy approaches. Basic features of
pharmaceutical markets; approaches to regulating the market; and critically evaluating
the impact of policy on market outcomes.
4. Analyses of pharmaceutical markets from the perspectives of several main factors:
governments, third party payers, the pharmaceutical industry, doctors, patients,
pharmacists and wholesalers. Literature from Health Economics, Industrial Organisation
and Health Policy.
5. Fundamentals to decision making of pharmaceutical economic agents such as business
firms, macroeconomics, consumers and government.
Recommended Books
1. Health Economics: Fundamentals and Flow of Funds- Thomas E. Getzen.
2. E Mossialos, M Mrazek & T Walley (Eds), Regulating Pharmaceuticals in Europe. Striving
for Efficiency, Equity and Quality, Buckingham, Open University Press (2004);
3. S O Schweitzer, Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy, OUP (1997); P M Danzon,
Pharmaceutical Price Regulation, AEI Press (1997);
4. W S Comanor, 'The Political Economy of the Pharmaceutical Industry', Journal of
Economic Literature, XXIV (September): 1178-1217 (1986);

26
5. F M Scherer 'The Pharmaceutical Industry', Chapter 25, in: A J Culyer & J P
Newhouse (Eds), Handbook of Health Economics, Vol 1, Amsterdam, Oxford,
Elsevier.
BPH 3203 Pharmaceutical Technology II (Credits 3.0)
Powder and granules: Reasons for granulation, properties of granules, size, shape, surface
area, density strength and friability, Pharmaceutical granulation equipment; Wet and dry
granulators, granulation methods; wet and dry granulation methods, direct compression
methods effect of granulation method on granule structure.
Tablet formulation: Definitions and classification , advantages and disadvantages,
properties of tablets, formulation of tablets, modern tableting excipients, directly
compressible vehicles, Manufacturing of tablets, effervescent tablets, compression
coated tablets, chewable tablets, common problems in tableting process. Evaluation of
tablets: Hardness measurement, weight variation tests, thickness and diameter, friability,
disintegration time, dissolution time, mechanism of tablet disintegration and dissolution, in
process quality control
Tablet compression machines and tooling: Types of tablet tooling, steel selection,
maintenance and storage of tooling.
Tablet coating: Definitions and classification of coating methods, advantages of coating
methods, different methods of coating, sugarcoating, film coating, enteric coating.
Hard gelatin capsules: Definitions, classification advantages and limitation of capsule
dosages form, gelatin and its manufacturing, manufacturing of hard capsule shell,
properties and formulation of capsule, capsule filling machine, tooling accessories,
manufacturing problems, quality control and packaging.
Soft gelatin capsule: Definitions, classification advantages and limitation of capsule
manufacturing of soft capsule, properties and formulation of capsule, manufacturing
problems, quality control and packaging.
Sustained release drug delivery systems: Principles, advantages, limitations and type of
SR dosages forms, methods of obtaining SR effect of drugs. Formulation and
manufacturing of SR matrix tablets, drug release from SR dosage forms, evaluation of
SRDF, Excipients used in SRDF, Dose calculation.
Micro encapsulation Technology: Purpose, method of preparation and evaluation.
BPH 3204 Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (Credit 2.0)
Introduction: Pharmacist and Biotechnology, Approved biotechnological product and
vaccines, GMP compliance and biopharmaceutical facilities.
Immobilization of enzyme: Surface immobilization by covalent coupling, Adsorption,
Complexation and chelation, within support immobilization and cell immobilization.
Fermentation Technology: Fermentation process and optimization, Improvement of
microbial strain, structure and types of fermenter, Fermented pharmaceutical
products (Antibiotics and Vitamins).
Recombinant DNA Technology: Introduction, Cutting and rejoining of DNA,
Mutagenesis, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in gene amplification,
Pharmaceutical application of recombinant DNA technology, Drug delivery system,
Gene therapy, Basic Molecular mechanism of gene transfer, Prerequisite of human
gene therapy, gene therapy for cancer and HIV, Various problems in gene therapy.
Basic Immunology: Nature and acquired immunity, Innate immune system, Adapted,
Acquired immunity, specific immunity and antibody clonal selection. Cells of immune
system, Antibody and immunoglobulin, Monoclonal antibody and its application,
Current trends in vaccines, Delivery considerations of biopharmaceutical products,
Molecular principles of drug category.
Antisense therapy: Antisense therapy, Basic concept, Mechanism of antisense
therapy and examples of antisense therapy for the treatment of different diseases.

27
Bioinformatics: Definition and concepts, importance and bioinformatics, Biological
database, primary sequence database, protein sequence database, DNA sequence
database, Genome resource web address, Multiple sequence alignment, Importance
of multiple sequence alignment for drug design, importance of coiled coil peptide for
drug design.
Dispensing Biotechnological products: Storage and maintenance, Handing and
transportation requirements, preparation and administration, Reimbursement.
Recommended Books
Biotechnology and its application in Pharmacy - Giriraj Kulkarni
Introduction to Bioinformatics – T. Attwood, D. J. Parry – Smith.
BPH 3205 Pharmaceutical Analysis & Quality Control II (Credit 3.0)
Quality Assurance: Theory and concepts of cGMP, ISO 9001, TQM, quality review and
documentation, regulatory control, regulatory drug analysis and interpretation of
analytical data, Process and equipment validation and quality, validation of analytical
instruments.
Absorption Spectrophotometry:
UV-Visible: Introduction, electromagnetic radiations, units, electromagnetic spectra
and absorption of radiation. Lambert’s and Beer’s laws, Deviations from
Lambert’s –Beer’s law. chromophores and auxochromes, nalysis of mixtures,
absorption and intensity shifts, Appication of UV and visible spectroscopy in
quantitative analysis of drugs.
IR spectrophotometry: Introduction, Principle, instrumentation and application of IR
spectrophotometry in Pharmaceutical analysis.
Flourometry: Theoretical principle, Fluorescence and chemical structures,. Instrumentation.
Factors influencing intensity of fluorescence. Comparison of fluorometry and
spectrophotometry. Applications of fluorometry in pharmaceutical analysis.
Polarimetry: Introduction, origin of optical rotation, molecular requirements for optical
rotation. Methods used in polarimetry. Instrumentation and applications of polarimetry.
Chromatographic Technique: Column, paper, thin layer, gas, ion exchange, HPLC,size
exclusion and their applications in pharmaceutical analysis.
Recommended Books
A Textbook of Pharmaceutical Analysis- K.E. Connors
Quantitative Pharmaceutical Analysis- Chatten
Quantitative Inorganic Analysis vol. I & II- Vogel
United State Pharmacopoeia
British Pharmacopoeia.
Quality Control in Pharmaceutical Industry- M.S. Cooper
BPH 3206 Pharmacy Law & Ethics (Credits 2.0)
Scope, opportunities in government and the armed forces
Drug administration and pharmacy council of Bangladesh, their scope and functions.
Regulations and laws governing the practices of pharmacy (The pharmacy ordinance 1976).
Control of drug advertisements, prices, patented and trade market medicine, proprietary
medicine, schedules of drugs and poisons, regulation of cosmetics and poison control.
Polices, sales, regulation and law concerning to the manufacture, possession, distribution,
sale of drugs and poisons. The drug policy 1982, Essential drug list, The drug act 1940,
The drug control ordinance 1982, The narcotics (control) act 1990, The poisons act 1919
and related amendments.
Professional characteristic and ethical norms, relationship of trust, ethical considerations
during pharmacy practice, deficiencies of self regulation, adherence of self regulation.

28
The pharmacist’s code of ethics.
Government health and drug policies.
Recommended Books
The Pharmacy Ordinance, 1976, Ministry of Law and Parliamentary affairs, Government of
Bangladesh, Dhaka
The Drugs (control) Ordinance, 1982, Ministry of Law and Land Reforms Government of
Bangladesh, Dhaka.
Drug Policy of Bangladesh, Ministry of Health and Population Control, Health Division,
Dhaka. A Textbook of Forensic Pharmacy-B.M. Mithal
Pharmacist’s Code of Ethics, Pharmacy Council of Bangladesh
BPH 3207 Pharmaceutical Engineering (Credits 3.0)
1. Drying: Theory of drying, Methods of drying of wet solids; Convective, conductive and
radiation drying, Dryers for dilute solutions and suspensions, Freeze drying, solute
migration during drying.
2. Mixing: Theory and type of mixing, Degree of mixing, mixing of powdered materials and
miscible liquids and suspension, Mixing of semisolids, Factors affecting the mixing
process, Types of semisolid mixer.
3. Clarification and filtration: Definition and theory of filtration, factors affecting filtration
rate, mechanism of filtration, industrial filters and filtration techniques.
4. Lay out plan of pharmaceutical manufacturing plant: Guidelines for selecting new
plant sites.
5. Water treatment plant in pharmaceutical industry: Source of raw water, Natural
impurities in raw water and their removal, Purification methods, Definition and
classification of pharmaceutical water. Manufacturing and storage of pharmaceutical
water, Distillation of water, Ion-exchange process, Reverse osmosis, microbiological
quality and analysis of pharmaceutical water.
6. Humidity control and air conditioning: Importance of humidity control in
pharmaceutical industry, Methods of humidity control. psychometric chart &
measurement of humidity in pharmacy.
7. Milling and size separation: Theoretical aspects of milling, influence of material
properties on milling, Crack propagation and toughness, Surface hardness, Energy
requirements, Influence of size reduction on size distribution, Factors affecting milling,
industrial size reduction methods, selection of particle size reduction methods.
8. Safety methods in pharmaceutical industry: Fire protection, handling of dangerous
and toxic chemicals, Waste disposal, Animal handling in pharmaceutical industry.
9. Material Handling System (a) Liquid handling: Different types of pump. (b) Gas
handling: various types of fans, blowers & compressors. (c) Solid handling: bins, bunkers,
conveyors, and air transport.
10. Automated Process control systems: Process variables, temperature, pressure, flow
level & vacuum & their measurements. Elements of automatic process control &
introduction to automatic process control systems, Elements of computer aided
manufacturing (CAM).
11. Industrial Hazards & safety precautions: Mechanical, Chemical, Electrical, fire & dust
hazards, industrial dermatitis, accident records etc.
Recommended Books
1. The Theory and practice - Lachman of Industrial Pharmacy.
2. American Pharmacy - Sprowl.
3. Pharmaceutics - Aulton.
4. Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences.

29
5. Dispensing of medication- Husa & Martin.
6. Pharmaceutical Practice-Aulton
7. An introduction to Pharmaceutical Formulations- Fishburn
8. An introduction to Pharmaceutical Productions-Polderman
9. The Extra Pharmacopoeia- Martindale
BPH 3208 Medicinal Chemistry II Practical (Credit 1.0)
Synthesis of organic compounds of medicinal uses
Studies of drug design
Extraction of metabolic enzymes from liver and their effects
Exercise on stereochemistry and drug receptor interactions.
BPH 3209 Pharmaceutical Technology II Practical (Credits 1.0)
1. Preparation of granules by wet granulation methods
2. Formulation of emulsions, suspensions, syrups, ointments, suppositories
3. Preparations, problems encountered during preparation, physical evaluation of the
different
4. Dosage forms:
Tablets including coated tablets
Capsules
Suppositories
5. Physical test (Hardness, weight variation, thickness, friability) for tablets,
Disintegration and dissolution study of tablets and hard gelatin capsule.
BPH 3210 Pharmaceutical Analysis & Quality Control II Practical (Credit 1.0)
Assay of salicylic acid in tablets
Determination of calcium gluconate in tablets by EDTA methods
Non aqueous assay of diclofenac sodium in suppositories
Determination of saponification values, iodine value and acid value of fixed oils.
Microbial assay of antibiotics and vitamins.
BPH 3211 ORAL ASSESSMENT III (Credit 1.0)
Year IV Semester I
BPH 4101 Advanced Medicinal Chemistry (Credit 3.0)
Drug design and discovery: Source of drugs, Cost and place of development of drugs,
Search for new drugs, Genesis of drug.
Drug Metabolism: Pathways of drug metabolism, Metabolism of various groups of drug,
Factor affecting drug metabolism, methods of studying drug metabolism, New aspects of
drug metabolism. Metabolic products of common drugs.
Chemistry, synthesis, SAR and physico-chemical properties of:
Sedatives and hypnotics
Autacoids
Analgesics, antipyrectic and anti-inflammatory drugs
Tranquilizing agents
Membrane acting drugs : Drugs acting on Ca
+
K
+
, Na
+
channels
Case history of specific drug design:
Antihypertensive (- blocker)
H2 blocker
Antidiabetic drugs
Recommended Books
A Textbook of Medicinal Chemistry-Wilson & Gisvold
Medicinal Chemistry-Burger
Organic Chemistry (Vol. 1& 2)-Finar

30
Organic Chemistry-Morrison & Boyd
BPH 4102 Clinical Pharmacy (Credit 3.0)
Introduction to Clinical Pharmacy, role of clinical pharmacists, skills abilities of clinical
pharmacists
Basic concepts of pharmacotherapy: (a) Clinical pharmacokinetics and individualization of
dosage regimen (b) Drug induced diseases (c) Adverse drug interaction (d) Clinical
toxicology.
3. Interpretation of common clinical laboratory tests.
4. Disorder of organ system and their management: (a) Cardiovascular disorder:
hypertension, CCF MI, angina, arrhythmias. (b) CNS disorder: epilepsy, parkinsonism,
schizophrenia, depression. (c) Asthma (d) Ulcer, hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver (e)
Diabetes and thyroid disorder (f) Anemia’s (g) Tuberculosis, Urinary Tract Infection,
Enteric Infection, Upper Respiratory Tract Infection. (h) Neoplastic diseases
Recommended Books
Goodman and Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics-A.G. Gilman, L.S.
Goodman,
Text Book of Pharmacology and Therapeutics-S.S.Bhattacharya (ed.), B.N.Ghosh’s
Atlas of Drug Reactions- R.D. Colins
British National Formulary, Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britalin, London.
Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics Williams & Wilkins.
Therapeutic Basis of Clinical Pharmacy in the Tropics- Aguwa
BPH 4103 Advanced Pharmaceutical Analysis I (Credit 3.0)
1. Polarography: Introduction, theoretical considerations, instrumentation. General
polarographic analysis.
2. Conductrometry: Introduction, theoretical considerations, instrumentation, General
conductometry analysis
3. Electrogravimetry and coulumetry: Introduction, Instrumentation, polarization effect,
contrast with potentiometry, potentiostatic electrolysis, uses in pharmaceutical sciences.
4. X-ray crystallography: Introduction, Instrumentation, and application of X ray
crystallography in pharmaceutical sciences.
5. Potentiometry: Introduction, theory and Principles, electrochemical cells and half-cells,
electrodes, measurement of potential. Application of potentiometric titrations.
6. Amperometry: Introduction, theoretical considerations, instrumentation. General
amperometric titrations using one and two electrodes.
7. Bioassay of antibiotics with statistical evaluation.
Recommended Books
1. A Textbook of Pharmaceutical Analysis- K.E. Connors
2. Quantitative Pharmaceutical Analysis- Chatten
3. Quantitative Inorganic Analysis vol. I & II- Vogel
4. United State Pharmacopoeia
5. British Pharmacopoeia.
6. Quality Control in Pharmaceutical Industry- M.S. Cooper
BPH 4104 Pharmaceutical Sales & Marketing (Credit 3.0)
Basics of Marketing: Needs, wants and demands; product, value, cost, satisfaction;
exchange, transaction and relationship; markets, marketing and marketers.
Production, Product, Selling and Marketing Concepts. Marketing Process- Selecting
marketing opportunities, targeting the market, product positioning, formulating

31
marketing strategy and plans, organizing, and implementing and controlling
marketing efforts.
Pharmaceutical Marketing Environment: Patients- disease incidence, economic factor,
demographic factor, physicians- different classes, hospital and clinics, retail and
wholesale pharmacy, competitive factors, social and cultural factor, technology,
government and legal factors.
Identification of Marketing opportunity: Marketing Information System, prescription
audit,
prescription behavior analysis, doctors’ database, purchase invoice audit, prevalence
of
diseases, identifying competitors, identifying competitors’ strategy, objectives,
strengths and
weaknesses, reactions.
Demand Analysis: Market potential, estimating market share, forecasting techniques-
expert opinion, seasonal variation, statistical techniques, trend extrapolation, survey of
prescribes’ opinions.
Market Segmentation: Necessity of market segmentation, prescription market-group of
doctors, therapeutic market, OTC market, wholesale market, and government market,
clinics, NGOs, foreign market.
Code of pharmaceutical marketing. Future of Pharmaceutical marketing: Effect of
GATT; change in drug policy, development of genetic engineering, changes in health
habit and awareness, introduction of health insurance.
Formulation of Marketing Strategies: Establishing competitive edge, product
differentiation, service differentiation, product positioning, medical treatment
problems.
Recommended Books
Marketing Management-Kotler, Philip; Prentice-Hall Inc.
Organizational Behavior- Robbins, Stephens P.; Prentice Hall Inc.
Management- A global perspective by Weirich, Heinz & Koontz
Principles and Methods of Pharmacy Management - H.A. Smith
BPH 4105 Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics I (Credits 3.0)
Introduction to pharmacokinetics : Basic aspects of biopharmaceutis and clinical
pharmacokinetics and their role in formulation development and clinical setting.
Fate of drug after administration, drug absorption: Physiological ,physio-chemical and
biopharmaceutical considerations, apparent volume of distribution of drugs. Zero order
absorption model, first order model, determination of rate constant from oral absorption data.
Pro drug concept: Methods of modifying drug delivery systems
Protein bindings: Effect of protein binding on drug disposition characteristics
Bioavailability and bioequivalence study.
Drug clearance and metabolism.
Blood and related products.
Recommended Books

32
Biopharmaceutics & Clinical pharmacokinetics- M. Gibaldi
Biopharmaceutics & Clinical pharmacokinetics- Notari
Biopharmaceutics & relevant pharmacokinetics- T.G. Wagner
Biopharmaceutics & Drug interactions-Cadwallader
Pharmacokinetics-M. Gibaldi & D. Perrier
BPH 4106 Clinical Pharmacy Practical (Credit 1.0)
1. Estimation of blood glucose levels in different states and after receiving oral xylose,
galactose,
2. maltose or pharmaceuticals that may contain these substances.
3. Estimation of serum electrolytes and trace elements.
4. Estimation of serum bilirubin.
5. Preparation of total parenteral nutrients
6. New specimen labels and labeling.
7. Urinalysis: dipstick and microscopic examination.
8. Coagulation test: prothrombin time (PT).
9. Assay of Triglyceride and LDL.
10. Opiate and drugs testing in urine.
11. Testing for amphetamines, benzodiazepines,THC and barbiturates in urine.
12. Culture and sensitivity of different specimens.
BPH 4107 Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics I Practical (Credits 1.0)
Study of hardness variation, disintegration time of tablet dosage form
Dissolution study of theophylline tablet (conventional tablet)
Dissolution study of thephylline tablet (SRDF)
Dissolution of study of diclofenac sodium (enteric coated) tablet
BPH 4108 Professional Project (Credit 3.0)
Year IV Semester II
BPH 4201 Cosmetology (Credits 2.0)
1. Introduction, prospect of cosmetics in health care and hygienic practices.
2. The Skin
Introduction: Epidermis & keratinizing systems, Pigmentary system, Langerhans Cell,
Dermis. Nerve and sense organs, Blood vessels, Exocrine sweat glands, Hair follicles,
Sebaceous glands, Apocrine glands, Common disorders of the skin.
3. Product Ingredients
Commonly used surface active agents, humectants, antiseptics, preservatives,
antioxidants.
4. The manufacture of cosmetics
Introduction, Mixing and the manufacture of bulk cosmetic products, Solid-solid mixing.
Manufacture of pigmented powder products. Mixing processes involving fluid, General
principles of fluid mixing. Mixing equipment for fluids, Solid-liquid mixing, Suspension of
solids in agitated tanks, Liquid-liquid mixing, Miscible liquids.
5. Skin creams
Introduction: Classification of skin creams, Cold creams, Cleansing creams, night and
massage, creams.Moisturizing, vanishing and foundation creams, Pigmented foundation
creams, Hand creams, hand-and body creams. All purpose creams.
6. Shaving preparations
Introduction: Lather shaving cream, Brushless or non-lathering cream, Aerosol shaving
foams, After-shave preparations
7. Dental products
Introduction: Formulation and manufacture of toothpastes, tooth powders, mouth wash.
8. Shampoos:

33
Introduction Hair setting lotions, Hair tonics and conditioners.
Recommended Books
Cosmetics, Science and Technology (Vol- I & II)- Balsam and Sagarin
Preparation and distribution of drugs and cosmetics – Sahn
BPH 4202 Pharmaceutical Technology III (Credits 3.0)
Design and operation of clean room: Source of contamination, Air flow system:
conventional, Unidirectional, laminar air flow unit, Air filtration, mechanisms: Fibrous and
HEPA filters, Temperature and humidity control, Building design, construction and use,
personnel, Protective clothing, cleaning, and disinfecting, commissioning test of clean
and aseptic rooms, routine monitoring tests, The operation of clean aseptic room, Key
factors in clean room operations.
Parenteral products: Definitions and classifications, Formulation considerations; vehicles
and additives, containers, manufacturing consideration. Environment, manufacturing
techniques, raw materials and machines, quality control, sterility tests, pyrogen test,
clarity test, leak test for ampoules and packaging of parenteral products.
Ophthalmic Products: Anatomy of eye and adnexa, Absorption of drugs in the eye,
classification of ophthalmic products, safety considerations and formulation
considerations, formulation considerations: Environment, manufacturing techniques, raw
materials and machines, quality control, quality control and packaging of ophthalmic
products.
Packaging technology: Purpose of packaging, Properties of packaging materials, factors
influencing choice of packaging, advantages and disadvantages of packaging materials,
glass, and glass containers, metal and metal containers, plastic and plastic containers,
films, foils and laminates, rubber based materials, closures, tamper resistant packaging,
testing and quality assurance of packaging materials, different packing machine, and
accessories, organization of packaging line, labeling.
Compaction and compression: Physics of tablet compression, mechanism of tablet
formation, bonding in tablets, the effect of compressional force on tablet properties, effect
of lubricants on tablet compression, binding, instrumented tablet machines and tooling,
problems associated with large scale manufacturing of tablets.
Aerosol Science and Technology: Definitions, classification, propellants for aerosol
manufacturing, components of aerosol formulation, containers and valves for aerosols,
Metered dose delivery of aerosols, manufacturing and evaluation of aerosols.
Drug delivery to lungs: Drug administration to respiratory tract, Mechanism and factors
affecting deposition of drugs in respiratory tract, quality control in manufacturing of
metered dose inhalers.
Recommended Books
1. Theory and practice of Industrial Pharmacy- Lachmann.
2. American Pharmacy- Sprowl.
3. Pharmaceutics- Aulton.
4. Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences.
5. Dispensing for Pharmaceutical Students- Cooper & Gunn.
6. Dispensing of Medication-Husa & Martin.
7. Bentley’s Textbook of Pharmaceutics.
8. Tutorial Pharmacy- Cooper & Gunn.
9. An introduction to Pharmaceutical Formulations- Fishburn.
BPH 4203 Advanced Pharmaceutical Analysis II (Credit 3.0)
UV and IR spectroscopy: Ultraviolet and Infrared spectroscopy in structural analysis.
NMR spectroscopy:
1
Hspectroscopy: Introduction and theory, relaxation process, Instrumentation. Chemical shift,
factors affecting chemical shift, spin-spin coupling. Different spin systems. Coupling
constants, factors effecting coupling constant, spin-spin decoupling. Long range coupling.

34
Two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. Correlated spectroscopy (COSY), Nuclear over Hauser
effect (nOe) and 2D nuclear over Hauser enhancement spectroscopy (NOESY), HOHAHA,
HMBC, HMQC
13
CSpectroscopy:Theoretical consideration, broad band and DEPT spectra, application of
13
C
in instrumental analysis
Mass spectroscopy: Introduction, theory, the mass spectrum, determination of molecular
formula, ionization techniques, recognition of molecular ion. Fragmentation process,
applications.
Atomic Absorption spectroscopy: Theory, instrumentation, application in quantitative
analysis.
Recommended Books
Methods of spectroscopy – Donald A. Pavia
Spectroscopy – William Kemp
Elementary Organic Spectroscopy – Y.R. Sharma
Textbook of Pharmaceutical Analysis – K.E. Connors.
BPH 4204 Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics II (Credits 3.0)
Compartmental kinetics: Compartmental models, determination of different
pharmacokinetic parameters from plasma urine after drug administration by IV and oral route.
Method of determining residuals: back feathering techniques
Multiple dosage regimen: Drug accumulation repetitive intravenous injection. Multiple oral
dosage regimen, loading dose, determination of bioavaiPracticalility and bioquivalance from
MDR.
Intra venous infusion: One compartment model drugs, two compartment model drugs,
infusion plus loading dose.
Different methods of determining zero and first order absorption rate constant, the Plateau
principle and concept of steady state.
Non linear pharmacokinetics with special reference to one compartment model after IV
administration, detection of non linearity (Saturation principle).
Dose adjustment in patients with renal and hepatic diseases.
Non compartmental analysis.
Relationship between pharmacokinetic data and pharmacological response.
Recommended Books
1. Biopharmaceutics & Clinical pharmacokinetics- M. Gibaldi
2. Biopharmaceutics & Clinical pharmacokinetics- Notari
3. Biopharmaceutics & relevant pharmacokinetics- T.G. Wagner
4. Biopharmaceutics & Drug interactions-Cadwallader
5. Pharmacokinetics-M. Gibaldi & D. Perrier
BPH 4205 Pharmaceutical Management (Credit 2.0)
1. Introduction to Management, Management theories. Management and
organization, social responsibility and ethics.
2. Management in the 21st
century.
3. Planning- decision making, planning and implementation.
4. Organizing-design, structure, power & politics.
5. Staffing-selection, appraisal and managing change.
6. Leading-motivation, leadership and communication.
7. Controlling.
Recommended Books

35
1. Heinz Weihrich, Harold Koontz, Management a Global Perspective, 11th
edition,
McGraw Hill, India, 2005.
2. Stoner, Freeman, Gilbert, Jr., Management, 6th
edition, Prentice-Hall of India, India,
2005.
BPH 4206 Cosmetology Practical (Credit 1.0)
Laboratory scale preparation of cold cream, vanishing cream, transparent shampoo, egg
shampoo, hand and body lotion, shaving cream tooth paste, tooth powder, after-shave lotion
etc.
Quality control of the cosmetic preparations. Determination of pH. Checking the
viscosity and related rheological properties, stability and microbiological aspects.
BPH 4207 Pharmaceutical Technology III Practical (Credits 1.0)
Preparation, problems encountered during preparation, physical evaluation of different
dosages forms:
a) Parenteral products
b) Ophthalmic products
c) Sustained release products
BPH 4208 Advanced Pharmaceutical Analysis II Practical (Credit 1.0)
Determination of potency of different drugs by spectrophotometry
Flurometric determination of vitamin B1 and B2
Assay of different drugs by conductometric, potentiometric, amperometric and
electrogravimetric analysis.
Separation of compounds by different chromatographic techniques.
BPH 4209 ORAL ASSESSMENT IV (Credit 1.0)
BPH 4210 Professional Training (Credit 2.0)
(In Industrial and Hospital Pharmacy)
At the end of the fourth academic year, the students for the degree of Bachelor of Pharmacy
(Hons.) have to undergo training program(s) for a duration of six weeks. After the completion of
the training program(s), students have to submit individualized reports on their activities etc to the
department. Such report will be examined by the department.
== END ==

Syllabus B.Pharm(Hons) Primeasia University MANIK

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Syllabus B.Pharm(Hons) Primeasia University MANIK