The document provides code snippets for implementing map features in iOS using MapKit and CoreLocation frameworks. It includes code to display a map, add annotations and overlays like points, lines and polygons. It also demonstrates how to get user location, perform geocoding and routing between locations. Advanced implementations discussed are location-based searches and route planning from the user's current location.

1. 凡走過必留留下痕跡
Apple Map
Swift Girls Part 8
20170904
張筱姍

2. 張筱姍
HsiaoShan Chang
⽬目前最愛寫程式跟織⽑毛線。
⽬目標是開發出⼿手作相關⼯工具或平台讓⼤大家可以快樂
的做⼿手作！
KCCounter-棒針鉤針必備編織計數器
創業歐北共 紛絲專⾴頁

3. 導航/旅遊
臺北好⾏行行-Ubike 屈⾂臣⽒氏 中華航空

4. 建⾝身/運動
Runtastic Nike+ Run Club

5. 使⽤用App期間 取⽤用定位說明:
Privacy - Location When In Use Usage Description
永遠 取⽤用定位說明:
Privacy - Location Always Usage Description
info.plist
設定Usage Description
This app has crashed because it attempted to access privacy-
sensitive data without a usage description. The app's Info.plist
must contain an NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription key with a
string value explaining to the user how the app uses this data.
Error

6. MapKit Framework iOS 8.0+
import MapKit
顯⽰示地圖,標點(Annotation),覆蓋圖(Overlay)
路路線規劃
OverlayAnnotation

7. MKMapView
MKPointAnnotation => MKPinAnnotationView
MKPolyline => MKPolylineRenderer
MKPolygone => MKPolygoneRenderer
Model View

8. MKMapView
delegate: MKMapViewDelegate
showsUserLocation: Bool (預設: false)
func setRegion(_ region:
MKCoordinateRegion, animated: Bool)
func
dequeueReusableAnnotationView(withId
entifier identifier: String) ->
MKAnnotationView?

9. MKMapViewDelegate
func mapView(_ mapView: MKMapView,
viewFor annotation: MKAnnotation) ->
MKAnnotationView?
func mapView(_ mapView: MKMapView,
rendererFor overlay: MKOverlay) ->
MKOverlayRenderer

10. MKDirections
init(request: MKDirectionsRequest)
func calculate(completionHandler:
@escaping MKDirectionsHandler)
(MKDirectionsResponse?, Error?) -> Void
func
calculateETA(completionHandler:
@escaping MKETAHandler)
(MKETAResponse?, Error?) -> Void

11. MKDirectionsRequest
source: MKMapItem
destination: MKMapItem
transportType: MKDirectionsTransportType
any - 任意 (預設值)
walking - 走路路
automobile - 開⾞車車
transit - 交通(只⽀支援ETA calculations)
requestsAlternateRoutes: Bool (預設:false)

12. CoreLocation Framework
iOS 2.0+
import CoreLocation
使⽤用者定位
地理理編碼(Geocoding)

13. CLLocationManager
delegate: CLLocationManagerDelegate
desiredAccuracy: CLLocationAccuracy
kCLLocationAccuracyBestForNavigation
kCLLocationAccuracyBest
kCLLocationAccuracyNearestTenMeters
kCLLocationAccuracyHundredMeters (預設值)
kCLLocationAccuracyKilometer
kCLLocationAccuracyThreeKilometers
func startUpdatingLocation()
func stopUpdatingLocation()

14. CLLocationManagerDelegate
func locationManager(_ manager:
CLLocationManager,
didUpdateLocations locations:
[CLLocation])
func locationManager(_ manager:
CLLocationManager, didFailWithError
error: Error)

15. CLGeocoder
func geocodeAddressString(_
addressString: String,
completionHandler: @escaping
CLGeocodeCompletionHandler)
([CLPlacemark]?, Error?) -> Void
func reverseGeocodeLocation(_
location: CLLocation,
completionHandler: @escaping
CLGeocodeCompletionHandler)
([CLPlacemark]?, Error?) -> Void

16. 沒有實機 -> 模擬定位
⾃自訂位置：New File > GPX File
1. Product > Scheme > Edit Scheme >
Core Location > Default Location設
定
2. 執⾏行行App時, Console設定定位
3. 執⾏行行Simulator設定: Debug > Location

17. 實作
1. 顯⽰示地圖
2. 標記預設⼤大頭針
3. 標記⾃自訂⼤大頭針
4. 畫線
5. 畫區塊
6. 畫路路線
7. 定位

18. 實作 - 1.顯⽰示地圖
import MapKit
class ViewController: UIViewController, MKMapViewDelegate {
@IBOutlet weak var mapView: MKMapView!
//國⽗父紀念念館站
let location1 = CLLocation(latitude: 25.041390, longitude: 121.557434)
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
mapView.delegate = self
centerMap(coordinate: location1.coordinate)
}
//以給定的經緯度為中⼼心顯⽰示該範圍內地圖
func centerMap(coordinate: CLLocationCoordinate2D) {
let span = MKCoordinateSpan(latitudeDelta: 0.005, longitudeDelta: 0.005)
let region = MKCoordinateRegionMake(coordinate, span)
mapView.setRegion(region, animated: true)
}
}

19. 實作 - 2.標記預設⼤大頭針-1
//國⽗父紀念念館站
let location1 = CLLocation(latitude: 25.041390, longitude:
121.557434)
let annotation = MKPointAnnotation()
annotation.coordinate = location1.coordinate
annotation.title = "國⽗父紀念念館站"
annotation.subtitle = "捷運站"
mapView.addAnnotation(annotation)

20. 實作 - 2.標記預設⼤大頭針-2
func mapView(_ mapView: MKMapView, viewFor annotation:
MKAnnotation) -> MKAnnotationView? {
if annotation is MKUserLocation {
return nil
}
let id = "PinAnnotationView"
let pin =
mapView.dequeueReusableAnnotationView(withIdentifier: id) as?
MKPinAnnotationView ?? MKPinAnnotationView(annotation:
annotation, reuseIdentifier: id)
pin.annotation = annotation
pin.canShowCallout = true
pin.pinTintColor = MKPinAnnotationView.greenPinColor()
return pin
}

21. 實作 - 3.標記⾃自訂⼤大頭針-1
import UIKit
import MapKit
@objc protocol MyAnnotation: MKAnnotation {
var viewId: String { get }
var img: UIImage { get }
init(title: String, subtitle: String, coordinate: CLLocationCoordinate2D)
}
class BlueAnnotation: NSObject, MyAnnotation {
var viewId = "BlueAnnotationView"
var img = UIImage
var coordinate:CLLocationCoordinate2D //必要
var title: String?
var subtitle: String?
required init(title: String, subtitle: String, coordinate: CLLocationCoordinate2D)
{
self.title = title
self.subtitle = subtitle
self.coordinate = coordinate
super.init()
}
}
MyAnnotation.swift

22. 實作 - 3.標記⾃自訂⼤大頭針-2
//台北101/世貿站
let location2 = CLLocation(latitude: 25.033053, longitude:
121.563192)
let myAnnotation = BlueAnnotation(title: "台北101/世貿站",
subtitle: "捷運", coordinate: location2.coordinate)
mapView.addAnnotation(myAnnotation)

23. 實作 - 3.標記⾃自訂⼤大頭針-3
func mapView(_ mapView: MKMapView, viewFor annotation: MKAnnotation) -> MKAnnotationView? {
let myView = mapView.dequeueReusableAnnotationView(withIdentifier: myAnnotation.viewId)
?? MKAnnotationView(annotation: myAnnotation, reuseIdentifier: myAnnotation.viewId)
myView.image = myAnnotation.img
myView.canShowCallout = true
myView.annotation = myAnnotation
//⾃自定CalloutAccessoryView
let detail = UILabel(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 200, height: 21))
detail.text = myAnnotation.subtitle ?? ""
detail.numberOfLines = 0
detail.addConstraint(NSLayoutConstraint(item: detail, attribute: .width,
relatedBy: .lessThanOrEqual, toItem: nil, attribute: .notAnAttribute, multiplier: 1,
constant: 150))
detail.addConstraint(NSLayoutConstraint(item: detail, attribute: .height,
relatedBy: .lessThanOrEqual, toItem: nil, attribute: .notAnAttribute, multiplier: 1,
constant: 200))
detail.font = detail.font.withSize(10)
myView.detailCalloutAccessoryView = detail
myView.leftCalloutAccessoryView = UIImageView(image: myAnnotation.img))
myView.rightCalloutAccessoryView = UIImageView(image: myAnnotation.img))
return myView
}

24. 實作 - 4.畫線-1
//台北101⼤大樓樓的四點
let point1 = CLLocationCoordinate2D(latitude: 25.032914,
longitude: 121.563411)
let point2 = CLLocationCoordinate2D(latitude: 25.034965,
longitude: 121.563550)
let point3 = CLLocationCoordinate2D(latitude: 25.034955,
longitude: 121.565395)
let point4 = CLLocationCoordinate2D(latitude: 25.032943,
longitude: 121.565352)
let line = [point1, point3]
let polyline = MKPolyline(coordinates: line, count:
line.count)
mapView.add(polyline)

25. 實作 - 4.畫線-2
func mapView(_ mapView: MKMapView, rendererFor overlay:
MKOverlay) -> MKOverlayRenderer {
if overlay is MKPolyline {
let renderer = MKPolylineRenderer(overlay: overlay)
renderer.strokeColor = UIColor.red
renderer.lineWidth = 5
return renderer
}
return MKOverlayRenderer()
}

26. 實作 - 5.畫區塊-1
//台北101⼤大樓樓的四點
let point1 = CLLocationCoordinate2D(latitude: 25.032914,
longitude: 121.563411)
let point2 = CLLocationCoordinate2D(latitude: 25.034965,
longitude: 121.563550)
let point3 = CLLocationCoordinate2D(latitude: 25.034955,
longitude: 121.565395)
let point4 = CLLocationCoordinate2D(latitude: 25.032943,
longitude: 121.565352)
let points = [point1, point2, point3, point4]
let polygon = MKPolygon(coordinates: points, count:
points.count)
mapView.add(polygon)

27. 實作 - 5.畫區塊-2
func mapView(_ mapView: MKMapView, rendererFor overlay:
MKOverlay) -> MKOverlayRenderer {
if overlay is MKPolygon {
let renderer = MKPolygonRenderer(overlay: overlay)
renderer.fillColor =
UIColor.black.withAlphaComponent(0.5)
renderer.strokeColor = UIColor.blue
renderer.lineWidth = 3
return renderer
}
return MKOverlayRenderer()
}

28. 實作 - 6.畫路路線-1
//路路徑規劃
func drawRoute(from source: CLLocation, to destination: CLLocation) {
print("(source)...(destination)")
let sourceMapItem = MKMapItem(placemark: MKPlacemark(coordinate: source.coordinate,
addressDictionary: nil))
let destinationMapItem = MKMapItem(placemark: MKPlacemark(coordinate:
destination.coordinate, addressDictionary: nil))
let directionRequest = MKDirectionsRequest()
directionRequest.source = sourceMapItem
directionRequest.destination = destinationMapItem
directionRequest.requestsAlternateRoutes = true
directionRequest.transportType = .automobile
MKDirections(request: directionRequest).calculate {
(response, error) -> Void in
self.locationManager.stopUpdatingLocation()
if let error = error {
print("Error: (error)")
return
}
guard let response = response else {
return
}
response.routes.forEach {
print("route:($0.name),($0.distance),($0.polyline),($0.transportType)")
self.mapView.add($0.polyline)
}
self.centerMap(coordinate: source.coordinate)
}
}

29. 實作 - 6.畫路路線-2
//國⽗父紀念念館站
let location1 = CLLocation(latitude: 25.041390, longitude:
121.557434)
//台北101/世貿站
let location2 = CLLocation(latitude: 25.033053, longitude:
121.563192)
drawRoute(from: location1, to: location2)

30. 實作 - 6.定位-1
import MapKit
import CoreLocation
class ViewController: UIViewController, MKMapViewDelegate,
CLLocationManagerDelegate {
var locationManager: CLLocationManager!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
mapView.showsUserLocation = true
locationManager = CLLocationManager()
locationManager.delegate = self
locationManager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyBest
}
}

31. 實作 - 6.定位-2
//取得使⽤用定位權限
switch CLLocationManager.authorizationStatus() {
case .denied, .restricted:
print("App不允許使⽤用定位服務")
case .notDetermined:
//永遠
locationManager.requestAlwaysAuthorization()
//使⽤用App期間
locationManager.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()
default: break
}

32. 實作 - 6.定位-3
@IBAction func getUserLocation(_ sender: Any) {
guard CLLocationManager.locationServicesEnabled() else {
print("裝置無定位服務")
return
}
switch CLLocationManager.authorizationStatus() {
case .denied, .restricted:
print("App不允許使⽤用定位服務")
case .notDetermined:
locationManager.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()
default: break
}
locationManager.startUpdatingLocation()
}

33. 實作 - 6.定位-3
func locationManager(_ manager: CLLocationManager,
didUpdateLocations locations: [CLLocation]) {
locationManager.stopUpdatingLocation()
if let location = locations.last {
print("緯度:(location.coordinate.latitude) 經度:
(location.coordinate.longitude)")
centerMap(coordinate: location.coordinate)
}
}
func locationManager(_ manager: CLLocationManager,
didFailWithError error: Error) {
locationManager.stopUpdatingLocation()
print(error)
}

34. 進階實作
搜尋地點
(地理理編碼)

35. 進階實作
從我的位置出發
(路路線規劃)

36. 懶懶⼈人專⽤用: 開啟內建地圖
//使⽤用Map Link
let link = "http://maps.apple.com/ll=(location1.coordinate.latitude),
(location1.coordinate.longitude)&daddr=(location1.coordinate.latitude),
(location1.coordinate.longitude)&dirflg=d"
if let url = URL(string: link) {
UIApplication.shared.open(url, options: [:], completionHandler: nil)
}
//使⽤用MKMapItem的openInMaps
let placemark = MKPlacemark(coordinate: location1.coordinate,
addressDictionary: nil)
let mapItem = MKMapItem(placemark: placemark)
mapItem.name = "國⽗父紀念念館站123"
mapItem.phoneNumber = "1234567890"
mapItem.openInMaps(launchOptions: [MKLaunchOptionsDirectionsModeKey :
MKLaunchOptionsDirectionsModeDriving])
Apple URL Scheme Reference - Map Link 官⽅方⽂文件：
https://developer.apple.com/library/content/featuredarticles/iPhoneURLScheme_Reference/
MapLinks/MapLinks.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40007899-CH5-SW1

37. Homework
完成
7個實作＋2個進階實作
try 路路線規劃改為輸入起點,終點