This document provides an overview of secondary data collection methods. It defines secondary data as data that has already been collected and analyzed by others. The purposes of secondary data include extracting relevant information from other sources, fact finding, and model building. Some key advantages of secondary data are that it saves costs, time, and effort since the data already exists. Sources of secondary data can be internal sources from within an organization or external sources from outside organizations like the government, newspapers, books, and commercial data firms. The document discusses factors to consider with secondary data like availability, relevance, reliability, adequacy, and accuracy. It provides an example of how to map secondary data sources in a literature review.

1. PRESENTATION ON
VARIOUS DATA
COLLECTION METHODS
ID:30180120020

2. What is data?
 Data are observations or evidences about the social world
 data collection is a term used to describe a process of preparing
and collecting data.
 Systematic gathering of data for a particular purpose from
various sources, that has been systematically observed ,
recorded, organized.
 Data are the basic inputs to any decision making process in
business
PURPOSE OF DATA COLLECTION
 To obtain information
 To keep on record
 To make decisions about important issues
 To pass information on to others

3. CLASSIFICATION OF DATA
DATA SOURCES
PRIMARY
METHODS
SECONDARY
METHODS

4. SECONDARY DATA

5. introduction
characteristics
importance
Factors to be considered
sources
Advantages
Disadvantages
Example
INDEX

6. SECONDARY DATA
Secondary data means data that are already available i.e., they refer to the data which have
already been collected and analysed by someone else. When the researcher utilizes
secondary data, then he has look into various sources secondary from where he can obtain
them.
PURPOSE OF SECONDARY DATA
• Extracting the relevant information from other sources , previous studies.
• Fact findings: descriptive information to support research
• Model building: specifying relationship between two or more variables
• Data mining: exploring data through computer . Using computer technology to go
through volumes of data to discover trends about an organization’s sales
customers and products.

7. Characteristics of secondary data

8. INSIGHT INTO TOTAL SITUATION:
The purpose of the available materials is to explore the nature of the data
and the subjects to get an insight into the total situation. While looking for
the data required by the researcher, he mar uncover more available data
than are often assumed to exist. This contributes significantly to the
unfolding of hidden information.
HELPFUL IN HYPOTHESIS FORMULATION:
The secondary data helps in the formulation of research hypothesis. While an investigator
may have one or two hypothesis, which he might have deduced from theory, the study of
available materials may suggest further hypothesis.

9. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Available documents may be used to supplement or to check information
gathered specifically for the purposes of a given investigation.
COST, TIME AND EFFORT SAVING:
The secondary data is the information that is already created by someone
else. Therefore, it saves cost, time and effort. The researcher gets accurate
and ready data.
HELPS IN TESTING THE HYPOTHESIS
The available records may help in testing the hypothesis.

10. Importance of secondary data
No issues regarding disclosure
Helps in comparative analysis
Helps define the population
Easily available

11. Factors to be considered for secondary data
AVAILABILITY
FACTORS
RELEVANCE RELIABILITY
ADEQUACY ACCURACY

12. SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
SECONDARY DATA SOURCES
INTERNAL SOURCES EXTERNAL SOURCES

13. Internal sources External sources
• Data generated in _ house
• May include analysis of
customer files
• Useful for calculating customer
lifetime value which include
customer acquisition cost, profit
generated from individual sale.
• Data collected by an outside
organization
• Includes government,
newspapers, books, search
engines
• Commercial data is also
available from market research
firms

14. ADVANTGES OF SECONDARY DATA
 It saves efforts & expanses
 It is time saving
 It helps to make primary data collection more specific since with the help of secondary data.
 It helps to improve the understanding of the problem.
 It provides a basis for comparison for the data that is collected by the researcher.
 Ease of access
 Low cost to acquire
 Clarification of research question
 May answer research question

15. DISADVANTGES OF SECONDARY DATA
 Secondary data is something that seldom fits in the frame work of marketing research factors.
 Accuracy of secondary data is not known
 Data may be outdated( one can only hope that the data is of good quality)
 Not specific to researcher’s needs
 Incomplete information
 Not timely
 Quality of research

16. PROCCEDURE/EXAMPLE
Literature review mapping: creating a literature review map is very useful graphical technique that
helps you to visualize connections and relative relationships between things. Mapping shows the
associations between different literature and help to identify issues such as proximity and connections
in terms of ideas and findings.
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17. THANK YOU