Download to read offline
More Related Content
Similar to Surface and interfacial tension
Surface and interfacial tension
- 1. RESERVOIR ENGINEERING BY TAREK AHMEDLECTURER SYED NAWAZ FOUNDEROF PETROLEUM UNIVERSE
- 2. INTRODUCTION • Ph.D inPetroleum Engineering from university of Oklahoma • Writer of Hydrocarbon Phase Behavior (1989)
- 3. Fundamentals of RockProperties Porosity • Definition and its types • Numerical problem Saturation • Definition and its types • Numerical problem Surface and Interfacial Tension • Introduction • Important terms • Formula • Derivation • Question?
- 4. Introduction • This comesinto picture only when the reservoir is of multiphase system. Fluids should be immiscible. • The reason behind the OWC and GOC and GWC • The forces at the interface of 2 immiscible fluid is called interfacial or surface tension. They both are classified based on state of matters. • If force act between gas and liquid then it is surface tension. Between 2 fluid is interfacial tension.
- 5. Important terms • Cohesiveforce – The property of like molecules to stick to each other due to substance mutual attraction. • Adhesive force – The property of different molecules on surface to cling to each other • When cohesive force of the fluid is stronger than the adhesive force, the liquid concaves down in order to reduce the contact with other fluid (shorter transition zone) • And for vice versa, the liquid is concaves upwards and the contact with other will be more than usual (longer transition zone)
- 6. Interfacial tension • Whenmore than one immiscible fluid present in the porous medium a thin film develops at the boundary between the 2 fluids surface. • At the interface of the fluid, the force exerted by 2 immiscible fluid phases is dissimilar which leads to the phenomenon of interfacial tension.
- 7. Surface tension • Theforce exerted on the boundary layer between a liquid phase and a vapor phase per unit length. • The units are dynes/cm and they are denoted by σ
- 8. Formula For gas andwater For oil and water • σ = surface or interfacial tension • r = radius of the object in which the fluids are present • g = acceleration due to gravity • ρ = density • Ѳ = contact angle
- 9. derivation By taking ras a radius of a capillary tube, the total upward forces is given as The upward force is counteracted by the weight of the water, which is equivalent to downward force of mass times acceleration
- 10. Derivation contd. • Densityof air is negligible in comparison of water • Equating both the equations • Finally for gas and water the equation is • For oil and water the equation is
- 11. Numerical Approach • Anoil-water system has a radius of 0.001 mm, whose angle of contact is 45 and density of oil and water is given as 43.7 and 62.4 lb/cubic ft. Calculated interfacial tension between fluids is 30 dynes/cm find the height to which the liquid is held in cm?
- 12. References and Queries? •Calhoun, J. R., Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering. University of Oklahoma • Press, 1976. • Cole, Frank, Reservoir Engineering Manual. Houston: Gulf Publishing • Company, 1969. • Dykstra, H., and Parsons, R. L., “The Prediction of Oil Recovery by Water • Flood,” In Secondary Recovery of Oil in the United States, 2nd ed., pp. • 160–174. API, 1950. • Geertsma, J., “The Effect of Fluid Pressure Decline on Volumetric Changes • of Porous Rocks,” Trans. AIME, 1957, pp. 210, 331–340. • Hall, H. N., “Compressibility of Reservoir Rocks,” Trans. AIME, 1953, p. 309. • Petrogate academy- Dehradun Email ID: nawaz.delta.au@gmail.com
- 13.