This document provides step-by-step instructions for installing a SunRay Server 4.1 and setting up a SunRay G1 Thin Client with Debian Linux. It details installing and configuring the necessary software on the server machine, including the SunRay server software, Java runtime environment, DHCP server, and more. Instructions are also provided for configuring the thin client and networking to allow it to connect to the SunRay server.

1. Installing a SunRay Server 4.1 and Setting up a SunRay G1 Thin Client with
Debian Linux.
By Trevelyn
douglas at weaknetlabs dot com

2. ABSTRACT
The SunRay Thin Client/Server setup wasn't easy by any means. In this paper I have
compiled a list of things from about 4 different outdated tutorials, howto's, etc with a much
easier to understand format. I have added much of my own personal experience and work
into this document as well, and I hope it serves well. Once Set up the SunRay G1 and
SunRay Server Software are an amazing new addition to any network. We (WNL) did this
only for experience, and this paper is for educational purposes only.

3. Setup The Server machine
I started this with a P4 2.66GHz machine (donated by Dakuwan of WNL) 1GB RAM, and
40GB HDD. I started by installing the mininal version of Debian (no desktop). Gnome can be
quite fatty, and I wanted something lightweight that would show no stress over a moderate
network setup; fluxbox.
Boot into the Debian live cd and install just the base system. You will need to use two
ethernet cards for this tutorial. One will serve as a DHCP server for the SunRay G1 Thin
Client to get an IP from, and the other will be for ingress and egress (internet) traffic. So, tell
the debian live cd to use eth1 for it's internet connection, and let install just the base
system.1
Once Debain has completed and is Installed, It will spit out the disk and reboot the
system. Now once you get to the login prompt, login as “root” and give it the root password
you chose during the install.
Now, open up the aptitude repository list /etc/apt/sources.list with a text editor
such as vi or nano and comment out the cdrom line by putting a “#” in front of it and exit.
Do an apt­get
update and then issue the following commands:2
apt­get
install libldap2 libldap­2.3­0
ldap­utils
dhcp3­server
nscd gawk iputils­ping
pdksh unzip alien libdb3­util
libgdbm3 libx11­6
libfreetype6 libsasl2 libxt6
zlib1g gdm devscripts xkb­data­legacy
xfonts­base
apt­get
install fluxbox
apt­get
install xserver­xorg
xorg
apt­get
install iceweasel unzip
Now you need the SunRay Server software. To do so, you will need to login to Sun's
website here: https://cds.sun.com/is­bin/
INTERSHOP.enfinity/WFS/CDS­CDS_
SMI­Site/
en_US/­/
USD/ViewProductDetail­Start?
ProductRef=SunRay4­10­08­SP­LX­G­F@
CDS­CDS_
SMI If you haven't registered yet, it's no big deal it's all free and only takes a few
minutes. You want to download the RedHat Linux version. Once the zip file is obtained,
unzip it with the following commands and create a new directory to change the software
provided for RedHat into software that Debian can undderstand (using alien):
unzip srss_4.1.zip
mkdir srss_*/debs && cd srss*/debs
and:
find ../ ­name
*.i386.rpm | xargs alien ­d
dpkg ­i
sunw*deb
1 When asked what software to install uncheck the “Desktop Environment” box by pressing the spacebar when
it is highlighted from pressing the down arrow.
2 Some of which are obviously optional, if you prefer xterm, use xterm, if you do the Debian install and let it
install a Desktop, then you have Gnome installed and probably will use gnome-terminal. These steps are just
what I have done in succession, verbatim, about 6 times with success to get the server running

4. Now, get the patch to apply for the SunRay 4.1 Server Software and apply it using the
following commands:
wget http://wwwcip.informatik.uni­erlangen.
de/~simigern/sunray­debian/
files/4.1/sray41­debian.
patch.2008­10­30
cd / && patch ­p0
< /home/trevelyn/srss_4.1/debs/sray41­debian.
patch.2008­10­30
Now we need to create an init script that your Debain system can run at boot,
to automatically start the SunRay Server Software with it's cutomized configuration.
Open up a new file with a text editor such as vi or nano called /etc/init.d/zsunray-init
and paste the following into the file, saving it and close the editor:3
#!/bin/sh
NAME=sunray
DESC="Sunray services"
case "$1" in
start)
#[ ! ­f
/lib/modules/`uname ­r`/
misc/utadem.ko ­a
­d
/usr/src/SUNWut/utadem ] && make ­C
/usr/src/SUNWut/utadem clean default install || /bin/true
#[ ! ­f
/lib/modules/`uname ­r`/
misc/utio.ko ­a
­d
/usr/src/SUNWut/utio ] && make ­C
/usr/src/SUNWut/utio clean default install || /bin/true
#[ ! ­f
/lib/modules/`uname ­r`/
misc/utdisk.ko ­a
­d
/usr/src/SUNWut/utdisk ] && make ­C
/usr/src/SUNWut/utdisk clean default install || /bin/true
[ ! ­d
/etc/X11/xdm ] && mkdir ­p
/etc/X11/xdm
[ ! ­f
/bin/awk ] && ln ­s
/usr/bin/awk /bin/awk
[ ! ­f
/bin/basename ] && ln ­s
/usr/bin/basename /bin/basename
echo "Starting $DESC: $NAME"
[ ­x
/etc/init.d/utsvtreg ] && /etc/init.d/utsvtreg start
/etc/init.d/utacleanup start
/etc/init.d/utds start
/etc/init.d/utsyscfg start
[ ­x
/etc/init.d/utstorage ] && /etc/init.d/utstorage start
/etc/init.d/utsvc start
;;
stop)
echo "Stopping $DESC: $NAME "
/etc/init.d/utsvc stop
[ ­x
/etc/init.d/utstorage ] && /etc/init.d/utstorage stop
/etc/init.d/utacleanup stop
/etc/init.d/utds stop
/etc/init.d/utsyscfg stop
[ ­x
/etc/init.d/utsvtreg ] && /etc/init.d/utsvtreg stop
/usr/bin/pkill ­9
Xnewt
/usr/bin/pkill utaction
;;
*)
N=/etc/init.d/$NAME
echo "Usage: $N {start|stop}" >&2
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0
Now make the file an executable and update the rc to run the executable
properly with the following two commands:
chmod 755 zsun*
update­rc.
d zsunray­init
defaults 99 01
The proper Java Runtime Environment needs to be installed and is included with
the SunRay Server Software in the ~/srss_4.1/Supplemental directory, simply install
it by running the install script from the /etc/opt/SUNWut directory and then
3 from the file: http://wwwcip.informatik.uni-erlangen.de/~simigern/sunray-debian/files/4.1/zsunray-init

5. changing the directories name with the following few commands:
cd /ect/opt/SUNWut
/path/to/srss_4.1/Supplemental/Java_Runtime_Environment/Linux/jre­1_
5_0_11­linux­i586.
bin
mv jre1.5.0_11/ jre
Once that has been completed you will need to run the following few commands
to set up the Sun Type 6 keyboard (optional)
cd /home/trevelyn/srss_4.1/ && mkdir extras && cd extras
wget http://wwwcip.informatik.uni­erlangen.
de/~simigern/sunray­debian/
files/4.1/xkbinstall­etch.
2008­10­30
chmod +x *
./xk*
To properly set up the second (eth2) NIC (network interface card) to run the
DHCP3-Server software you installed above with the first apt command set, do the
following:
mkdir ­p
/etc/sysconfig; echo ­e
"DHCPD_CONF_INCLUDE_FILESnDHCPD_INTERFACE"
>/etc/sysconfig/dhcpd
echo "DISTRIB_ID=Debian" >/etc/lsb­release
mv /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf.sample; touch
/etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf
rm ­f
/etc/opt/SUNWut/utctl.run; /etc/init.d/utsyscfg start
Now may be a good time to install Apache2, to do so simply type “apt­get
install apache2” and then you are ready to setup the SunRay Server Software. Run
the following command and allow it to start the server:
/opt/SUNWut/sbin/utconfig
This will ask you a few questions, the answers I chose were “no” to kiosk
mode, “yes” to administration from the web browser (set the password), and the rest
is optional.
Now you need to edit your /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf file. This will be different
with each configuration that everyone starts. obviously your networks may all be in
different subnet masks, have different gateway IP's, have different IP's for
systems, etc. My network has a DHCP server already running from a WRT54G that
serves any system that needs an IP (from 10.10.10.2 to 10.10.10.50). The routers IP
is 10.10.10.1 (which is also the gateway for ingress and egress traffic). So, The
rest of this tutorial evolves around my network as an example.
I want to set the SunRay Server's DHCP IP to 10.10.10.45, and I want it to
server exactly one IP address; 10.10.10.49 to the SunRay Thin Client G1. First I
edit the /etc/network/interfaces file and add the following lines:
auto eth2
iface eth2 inet static
address 10.10.10.45
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 10.10.10.0
broadcast 255.255.255.255

6. And on to the /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf file, if there's antything in it, make a
backup and clear the original with these two commands:
cp /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf.backup.1
echo “” > /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf
Now put the following into the file with a text editor:4
SunRay.AuthSrvr code 21 = ip­address;
option SunRay.AuthSrvr 10.10.10.45;
option SunRay.FWSrvr code 31 = ip­address;
option SunRay.FWSrvr 10.10.10.45;
option SunRay.NewTVer code 23 = text;
option SunRay.NewTVer "3.0_51,REV=2004.11.10.16.18";
option SunRay.Intf code 33 = text;
option SunRay.Intf "eth2";
option SunRay.LogHost code 24 = ip­address;
option SunRay.LogHost 10.10.10.45;
option SunRay.LogKern code 25 = integer 8;
option SunRay.LogKern 6;
option SunRay.LogNet code 26 = integer 8;
option SunRay.LogNet 6;
option SunRay.LogUSB code 27 = integer 8;
option SunRay.LogUSB 6;
option SunRay.LogVid code 28 = integer 8;
option SunRay.LogVid 6;
option SunRay.LogAppl code 29 = integer 8;
option SunRay.LogAppl 6;
group
{
vendor­option­space
SunRay;
subnet 10.10.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
default­lease­time
720000;
max­lease­time
1440000;
authoritative;
option routers 10.10.10.1;
range 10.10.10.49 10.10.10.49;
}
}
Now would be a good time to restart the computer. Once you get back to the
login screen, login as root and stetup the ut to use the “10.10.10.0” network:
/opt/SUNWut/sbin/utadm ­A
10.10.10.0
Turn on the eth2 interface and give it a static IP (if not given by rebooting
the machine). To check the device type ifconfig eth2 | grep inet and check it's IP.
If it is up and okay, you can skip this step:
ifconfig eth2 inet 10.10.10.45 && ifconfig eth2 up
Edit your GDM configuration file, /etc/gdm/gdm.conf, after creating a backup
to contain the following information:5
4 from the file: http://wwwcip.informatik.uni-erlangen.de/~simigern/sunray-debian/files/dhcpd.conf.example
(editted)
5 from the file: http://wwwcip.informatik.uni-erlangen.de/~simigern/sunray-debian/files/4.1/gdm.conf
(editted)

7. [daemon]
# Default path to set.
DefaultPath=/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/games:/opt/SU
NWut/bin
# Default path for root.
RootPath=/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/games:/opt/SUNWu
t/bin:/opt/SUNWut/sbin1
# Note that a post login script is run before a PreSession script.
# It is run after the login is successful and before any setup is
# run on behalf of the user PostLoginScriptDir=/etc/opt/SUNWut/gdm/SunRayPostLogin/
PreSessionScriptDir=/etc/opt/SUNWut/gdm/SunRayPreSession/
PostSessionScriptDir=/etc/opt/SUNWut/gdm/SunRayPostSession/
DisplayInitDir=/etc/opt/SUNWut/gdm/SunRayInit
# Reboot, Halt and suspend commands, you can add different commands
# separated by a semicolon and gdm will use the first one it can find
RebootCommand=
HaltCommand=
SuspendCommand=
HibernateCommand=
# The maximum number of flexible X servers to run.
FlexibleXServers=0
# Automatic VT allocation. Right now only works on Linux. This way
# we force X to use specific vts. turn VTAllocation to false if this
# is causing problems.
VTAllocation=false
# This determines whether gdm will honor requests DYNAMIC requests from
# the gdmdynamic command.
DynamicXServers=true
Greeter=/usr/lib/gdm/gdmlogin
[security]
DisallowTCP=false
[xdmcp]
[gui]
# The GTK+ theme to use for the gui
GtkTheme=debian
# Comma separated list of themes to allow. These must be the names of the
# themes installed in the standard locations for gtk themes. You can
# also specify 'all' to allow all installed themes. These should be just
# the basenames of the themes such as 'Thinice' or 'LowContrast'.
GtkThemesToAllow=all
[greeter]
# The Actions menu (formerly system menu) is shown in the greeter, this is the
# menu that contains reboot, shutdown, suspend, config and chooser. None of
# these is available if this is off. They can be turned off individually
# however
# Should the chooser button be shown. If this is shown, GDM can drop into
# chooser mode which will run the xdmcp chooser locally and allow the user
# to connect to some remote host. Local XDMCP does not need to be enabled
# however
# These two keys are for the new greeter. Circles is the standard
# shipped theme. If you want gdm to select a random theme from a list
# then provide a list that is delimited by /: to the GraphicalThemes key and
# set GraphicalThemeRand to true. Otherwise use GraphicalTheme and specify
# just one theme.
DefaultWelcome=false
Welcome=Welcome to %n
GraphicalThemes=debian­greeter
SystemMenu=true
ConfigAvailable=false
[chooser]
[debug]
Enable=true
[servers]
0=inactive
[server­Standard]
name=Standard server
command=/usr/X11R6/bin/X ­br
­audit
0
flexible=false

8. Smart Card
To Get the Smart Card reader to work properly, you must diable “hotdesking”
with the “pam” module. To do so, simply open “/etc/pam.d/gdm” and comment out (add
a “#” to the beginning) each line that has the string “pam_sunray_hotdesk.so.1”
Allow connections to be made by SunRay Thin Clients to your GDM by issuing the
following commands:
/etc/init.d/zsunray­init
stop
/opt/SUNWut/sbin/utadm ­L
on
/opt/SUNWut/sbin/utrestart
/etc/init.d/zsunray­init
start
To get sound working properly issue the following commands:
cd /usr/src/SUNWut/
wget http://wwwcip.informatik.uni­erlangen.
de/~simigern/sunray­debian/
files/4.1beta/modules­4.1beta.
diff
patch ­p0
< modules­4.1beta.
diff
make ­C
/usr/src/SUNWut/utadem clean default install; make ­C
/usr/src/SUNWut/utio clean default install; make ­C
/usr/src/SUNWut/utdisk clean
default install; depmod ­a
The preceding statements above have only worked 2 out of 6 times. You should
be able to now reboot the system and get the Thin Client G1 to connect to your GDM
session.
GDM Tweaking
If you would like a different GDM theme, rather than the default “Raleigh”
theme open up fluxbox and eterm. In Eterm, type “gdmsetup” and select the them you
want from the “Local” tab at the top. Click the pull down menu that says “plain”
and select “themed.” Now you can select any theme you want. If you don't see any
you like or this is, in fact, a fresh install of Debian, you can type “apt­get
install gdm­themes”
from the Eterm session to get new themes.
While you choose new themes, have your G1 Client idle on the GDM login screen
(pull out the smart card or log out) and you can watch the themes change in real
time as you change them!
You can find more GDM themes from here: http://gnome-look.
org/index.php?xcontentmode=150 to install them, simply (extract) unzip, untar,
gunzip, or whatever into the /usr/share/gdm/themes directory and restart the GDM
server with /etc/init.d/gdm restart
NOTE: If your SunRay G1 Client was idle on the network, showing the GMD screen,
you may have to restart the zsunray-service in the same manner.

9. References
http://gnome-look.org/index.php?xcontentmode=150
http://wwwcip.informatik.uni-erlangen.de/~simigern/sunray-debian/4.1.html
http://docs.sun.com