The soils of the páramo are largely of recent volcanic origin and many are still forming. This soil structure allows the páramo to store and distribute clean water to lower areas, where it is used for irrigation, drinking water, and hydroelectricity. The soils have a special structure due to a combination of slowly decomposing organic matter and volcanic ash in the cold climate. They have high fertility and support abundant vegetable growth due to nutrients and micronutrients essential for plants. The soils have good drainage, are not prone to erosion, and have properties making them excellent for agricultural production.