Style refers to language variation based on situational factors like audience, setting, task or topic. Context refers to the words and sentences surrounding discourse that help determine meaning. Register is the specific language used in a given situation depending on factors like participant roles, topic and means of communication. Some examples of registers include formal, informal, over-formal and motherese registers. Style, context and register are interrelated as the language and vocabulary used varies based on these situational and social factors. Understanding one requires understanding how they influence each other.

1. Style, Context
and
Register
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2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
Style
Style is language
variation which reflects
changes in situational
factors, such as
addressee, setting,
task or topic.
Context
is a concept,
schematic structure
that is in the mind,
respectively each
humans mind.
Register
is the language used at
any given moment; and
depend on: what do you
do, by whom and by what
means.
01. 02. 03.

3. 1. Style
The Definition of Style
According to Janet Holmes, 2001 the definitions of style are:
a. Style is language variation which reflects changes in situational
factors, such as addressee, setting, task or topic.
b. Style is often analyzed along scale of formality.
c. The level of formality is influenced by some factors like the
various differences among the participants, topic, emotional,
involvement, etc.

4. Wolfram & Schilling-Estes (1998:214) define language style quite
similarly, as "variation in the speech of individual speakers".
Bell (1997:240) is somewhat clearer in emphasizing the linguistic
lements:
style is "the range of variation within the speech of an individual
speaker".
By these statement above, so we can conclude that style is the varians
in the speech which is used in certain situation or form of the language
used for the same purpose under certain circumstances

5. Example of using
style
Example: When talking to peers in daily life, stylethe
speech used is more relaxed and tends to be informal,
for example: "Hey... how do you do this?"But if you talk to
the lecturer, the style of speech used must be more formal
and orderly,
 for example: "Sorry sir, how do you solve this problem?"

6. The function of style
This sociolinguistic tradition of investigating style :
as an aspect of symbolic speech variation differs from that of
anthropological linguistics or ethnography of communication, which
primarily focuses on ‘ways of speaking’ – including styles and registers –
as expressing particular social functions, events, or relationships (though
it also includes careful linguistic description).

7. Style, Register And Context
The level of formality in the way of speaking; there are more formal and less formal styles of every
variety.
• Register: a way of speaking a language which is associated with a particular occupational or
activity group. Example:
field of law and justiceThere is a terminological distinction between register and style. Both are
associated with a specific speech situation but whereas register often refers to the specific
vocabulary chosen and expected in connection with a particular speech situation, style includes
grammatical variation.
In communication and composition, context refers to the words and sentences that surround any
part of a discourse and that helps to determine its meaning. Sometimes called linguistic context. In
a broader sense, context may refer to any aspects of an occasion in which a speech-act takes
place, including the social setting and the status of both the speaker and the person who's
addressed. Sometimes called social context.

8. Addressee as an influence on style
example:
a) Excuse me. Could have a look at your photos too,
Mrs. Hall?
b) C'mon Tony, gizzalook, gizzalook.First utterance was
addressed by a teenager boy to his friend's mother
and The second utterance was addressed to his
friend. So the better you know someone, the more
casual and relaxed the speech style you will use to
them.
• What Factors affect the degree of social distance and
solidarity? age, gender, social roles, whether people work
together or are part status and so on.

9. Age of addressee
When addressing people of different age, the speaker generally talks differently.Some
features in speaking and writing to children:
Using short and grammatically simple structures-Using simple range of vocabulary Using
We rather than You to refer to addressee
-Using the sing-song intonation which characterizes baby-talk standard intonation
patternsSome features in speaking and writing to adults:
using complex grammatical structure low frequency words and complex expression
• But sometimes when speaking to non natives and patronizing situation with adults we
tend to use children feature of speaking and writing.
• Example: sing-sung by a nursing aid to an elderly woman in a private hospital. It's time
for our lunch now isn't it Mary. We better wash our

10. Context
2.
Context is a concept, a schematic structure that
exists in the mind of each human mind. Context
can also be sourced from previous events and
formed psychologically for each individual.
(H.G. Widdowson: 19)

11. ●Example: When the speaker talks
about “Touring”, and the listener also
responds to the conversation and their
communication process continues.
●Such a situation means that the
speaker and listener have the same
context about "Touring", so there is no
missed communication
Example of Context

12. Register 3.
Register is the language used at any given moment; and
depend on: what do you do, by whom and by what means.
Register indicates the type of social process is going on.
Registers can simply be described as variations of the
language according to its use

13. Variations in language choice of the register depend on the
context of the situation, which includes three variables: field
(domain), tenor (context) and mode (infrastructure) which
works simultaneously to form a configuration or configures
contextual meaning.
Some Types of Registers
1. Formal Register: A type of register that incorporates Standard American
English and is used by professionals or in situations where people are not
familiar with one another.

14. Some Types Of Register
Informal Register: A type of
register used with more
familiar people in casual
conversation. In the informal
style of register, contractions
are used more often, rules of
negation and agreement
may be altered, and slang or
colloquialisms may be used
Over-formal Register:
A type of register that
can be characterized by
the use of a false high-
pitched nasal voice.
Motherese: A type of
register characterized by
high-pitched, elongated
sounds and "sing-song"
intonation. It is used when
people speak to infants,
young children, or pets.
3. 4.
2.

15. Register
Speaker’s style may be influenced by the function of the speech event.
• Syntactic reduction
• Syntactic inversion
• Heavy noun modification
• Routines and formulas

16. People’s speech reflects not only aspects of their identity such as their ethnicity, age,
gender, and social background; it also reflects the contexts in which they are using the
language. The way people talk in court, in school, at business meetings and at graduation
ceremonies reflect the formality of those context and the social roles people take in them.
Style, Context and Register is continuity. So, if we only discuss one of them, such as Context
or Style, the understanding will not occur. In this chapter is concerned with language users
and to whom that language users use language. Automatically, it can be seen the context
and style registers in the talks. Actually, the understanding about the context and style has
already in our activity, so we have just improved it well by learning from the environment
and education. Variations in language, which is a variation of the diversity of backgrounds
and languages. So, people will absorb the language of others who are considered attractive,
but still within the scope of understanding.
CONCLUSION

17. Thanks