The document is a study guide for an exam on Chapter 4 about stars and the Milky Way galaxy. It contains multiple choice questions about key concepts like the Milky Way being a spiral galaxy, astronomers using parallax to measure distance to stars, convection not being how hydrogen fuses into helium, and white dwarfs being the final stage of low-mass stars. The study guide emphasizes understanding mass determining a star's life cycle and convection versus fusion as common mistakes. It provides review of class demonstrations and diagrams about stellar evolution.

1. Study Guide GameChapter 4

2. The Milky Way Galaxy is an example of:Spiral GalaxyElliptical GalaxySpherical GalaxyIrregular GalaxyThe Answer is : A. Spiral Galaxy

3. Astronomers use parallax to measure a star’s:Brightness seen from EarthDistance from EarthColor as observed from EarthColor observed from EarthThe Answer is: B. Distance from EarthRemember the demonstrations we did in class. This was to illustrate how astronomers use different perspectives to measure how far a star is away from Earth.

4. True or False: Convection is the process of converting hydrogen into helium.TrueFalseThe Answer is: B. FalseFUSION, people! FUSION! Convection is the process which the energy is heated and then cooled. As it is heated it becomes less dense and escapes to the outer atmosphere of the sun.

5. Which of the following objects is part of a low-mass star’s life cycle?White dwarfSuper Giant StarBlack HoleNeutron StarThe Answer is: A. White DwarfHigh-mass stars have two different outcomes- neutron star and black hole. Super giant= high mass. Giant star= low mass

6. True or False: The more sunspots there are, the warmer Earth will be.TrueFalseThe Answer is: B. FalseThe more sunspots there are the cooler Earth is. Sunspots are dim areas on the sun which decreases the amount of energy being sent to Earth.

7. What factor determines the length of a star’s life cycle?DensitySizeBrightnessMassThe Answer is: D. MassRemember we classify stars by their mass. Low-mass stars and high-mass stars!

8. True or False: The Sun’s chromosphere is the layer of the sun which we only see during a total solar eclipse.TrueFalseThe Answer is: B. FalseRemember, the layer of the sun we can not see is the corona. The density of this layer is too light for us to see.

9. What do scientists use to note the existence of a black holes?The Electromagnetic SpectrumThe Doppler EffectX-RayParallaxThe Answer is: C. X-RayRemember: As the black hole’s gravity takes in all the surrounding matter, it heats up and emits x-rays.

10. Sunspots appear on the surface of the sun in a regular pattern of:1 year11 years11 months1 monthThe Answer is: B. 11 yearsRemember the homework. You graphed the sunspots in 1 year increments but it was every 11 years that the number of sunspots increased!

11. Which of the following is NOT a way energy moves through the layers of the sun?ConvectionFusionFrictionRadiationThe Answer is: C. FrictionI never even mentioned friction in this entire lesson. DO NOT PICK friction for ANY answers on the test!

12. Draw the life cycle of a low-mass star using the following key words.White dwarfMain SequenceGiant StarNebulaBonus point for adding Planetary Nebula.You will need to be able to identify the different phases of BOTH high-mass and low-mass stars. Study your Venn Diagram!

13. Study tips:Use your pre-assessment test, homework and exit slipsThe power points will be essential but know the concepts!When asked to explain or describe:Full credit= more than three sentences or bullet points which directly answer the question!Please email me if you have any questions about the material or test. Miss.e.hudak@gmail.com