3. EARLYEFFORTSTO IMPROVESCIENCE
EDUCATION
Philippine Association for the Advance of Science
• Annual conference focuses on the training of science
teachers and teaching of science.
1957 – the Philippine government made the teaching of
science compulsory in all elementary and secondary
schools.
National committee for Science Education
• set up in 1958 to formulate objectives for teaching of
science education at all levels and to recommend steps
that would upgrade the teaching of science.
4. Thecommitteeidentifiedthefollowingareasto
whichimprovementeffortwereneeded
a. Integration of science with classroom instruction
b. Acquisition of more science equipment and tools
c. Coordination of effort with other agencies
d. Negotiation for a science institute for teachers
e. National science talent search and fellowship
f. Higher salaries of science and mathematics.
EARLY EFFORTS TO IMPROVE SCIENCE EDUCATION
5. Clark Hubler
- A scienceeducatorof Wheelock
College in the Philippinesin 1963 – 1964,
notedsomesalient characteristicsof science
educatorin the country– language problem
EARLY EFFORTS TO IMPROVE SCIENCE
EDUCATION
6. THE BSCS ADAPTATION PROJECT
The secretary of education had earlier set
up a National committee in Science
Education to formulate objectives for
teaching of science.
a. Subject matter competence of teachers
b. The curriculum materials
c. Laboratory equipment and science
facilities in schools.
7. The committee found that all levels of
science instruction, elementary, secondary
and tertiary had in common the following
weaknesses and a lack of;
1. Adequate equipment and facilities in the
laboratories
2. Up-to-date and adequate textbooks,
publications and reference materials.
3. Qualified and imaginative teachers
4. Provision for systematic upgrading
teachers
THE BSCS ADAPTATION PROJECT
8. 1960s – Biological Science Curriculum
(BSCS) green version,
introduce to students to the living world
and sought to provide him with
biological information as may be
necessary and useful as he lives in his
life.
THE BSCS ADAPTATION PROJECT
9. 1962 – adaptation on green version
laboratory manual.
The BSCS adaptation project was an
exercise in curriculum development
involved:
•Writer-specialist
•Classroom teachers
•Administrations
•Illustrators and biological educators
THE BSCS ADAPTATION PROJECT
10. ESTABLISHINGTHE SCIENCEEDUCATION
CENTER
Dr. Carlos P. Romulo – submitted to the Ford
Foundation a request grant for operational staffing
costs of the Science.
Harry Case – head of the ford foundation;
recommended the Philippines educational leaders for
the remarkable degree of cooperation in the
establishment of the Science Teaching Center at the
University of the Philippines.
September 25, 1964 – U.P. grant by the Ford
Foundation providing $310,000 dollar over a two-year
period of the Science Teaching Center.
11. R.A 5506
• An act establishing Science Education
Center (SEC) as a permanent unit of the
University of the Philippines.
• This act earned marked 250,000 annual
from the national special science fund for
the support of the center.
ESTABLISHING THE SCIENCE EDUCATION
CENTER
12. - Teacher’s education were of the great
concern to the teacher:
a. A teachers competent in the content
and process of science and in the
subject matter the teacher will
teach.
b. Competence as a teacher.
SUMMER INSTITUTES
13. Thefollowingaretheactivitieswereincludedinthe
summerinstitutetoachievedthemention
competences:
a. Discussions of the objectives of the materials
b. Discussions and practice in writing instructional
objectives
c. Study, discussion and demonstration lessons of
the process of science
d. study and discussion of the basic concepts
include in the materials this section include
updating and increasing the teacher’s
background knowledge in particular concepts.
SUMMER INSTITUTES
14. e. Performing selected laboratory exercises from
the new materials
f. Constructing simple aids needed in teaching
materials
g. Teaching sample classes followed by critique
and discussion for the lesson taught
f. Pre and post testing of the teachers
participants. The test include ‘process’ and
‘content’ items
Continuation…
SUMMER INSTITUTES
15. ThefiveRegionalScienceTeachingCenter(RCTC’s):
1. Notre Dame University in Marbel, Cotabato –
established earlier with assistance of a Ford Foundation
grant.
2. Ateneo de Davao college
3. Silliman University
4. St. Louis University
5. Aquinas University
SUMMER INSTITUTES
17. SCIENCEEDUCATIONINTHE 1940’S
- After World War II, the emergency curriculum made possible
the accommodation of a 120 pupils in an elementary level.
- Secondary general curriculum replaced the type A & B
curricula. Home economics, national language and vocational
courses became required course for all years except for
geometry, advanced algebra and physics which became
optional courses.
- No science offered in grade 1 to 4 of elementary level
- 30 minutes allotted for science and arithmetic in
intermediated levels (grade 5 & 6)
- One teacher handled of 60 pupils in the morning & another
teacher in the afternoon for 60 pupils (in the same room)
18. – 1946 – general secondary curriculum was enforced in all
third and fourth year classes of public schools. Physics,
Chemistry and advanced algebra were optional.
– 1948 – 1949 – the educational Act of 1948 seeking
restore grade 7 drafted but it remained un acted.
1949 – 1950 – community school movement started in Iloilo
and Bohol.
- Classroom instruction emphasized functional and social
values of the subject matter and activities dealt with
understanding and appreciation of simple facts and
methods, activities in the form of observation,
experimentation, critical thinking in the experiments.
- Secondary levels was emphasized in such activities as
health, sanitation, community and home beautification.
SCIENCE EDUCATION IN THE 1940’S
19. Behavioralobjectives
• Instructional procedures – emphasized students
experience which contributed to the attainment
of the stated goals.
• Evaluation – used to reinforce the students’
learning experience. Test critical thinking skills,
analysis, application and other cognitive skills.
• 1967 – NEDA assisted a program which
prepared/revised/refined syllabi for teaching
English, Filipino, Mathematics, Science and
economics.
SCIENCE EDUCATION IN THE 1940’S
Editor's Notes
As early as decade of the 1950s,scientist were concerned with the state of science education in the schools. Leading scientist made the Philippines authorities aware that the teaching of science from grade school level to college levels in both public and private schools was very inadequate.
Philippine Association for the Advance of Science
- It is also called the importance of the growth of science consciousness in the general population and the need to remedy the shortage of scientist in the country.
3 language had to be learned by the students Filipino, English, Spanish
4 language for Tagalog provinces local dialect, Filipino, English, Spanish
5 language for those not spoken dialect in their home.
He cited that that the ratio of book is 1:4 in Manila public schools and 1:10 in the rest of the country.
According to the survey on the status of science teaching in the Philippines in U.S. conducted by committee created by NSDB.
1960s – a group of biological educators at the University Philippines organized themselves into a team to adapt the Biological Science Curriculum (BSCS) green version –
1962 – Green version laboratory manual were tried out in 10 public high schools for a full school year.
1962 – adaptation on green version laboratory manual.
BSCS donated 1,600 of copies of BSCS green version textbook, experimental edition.
Dr. Carlos P. Romulo - Teaching Center for one foreign advisor for a 2 year science consultant, for fellowship for advanced training of teachers and supervisors for books
