Supply Chain Group

1. GROUP MEMBERS: NA YONG YI 0324458
CHAI JIA ERN 0324653
GOH XINGXIN 0325587
TAN KAI XUAN 0325066
TEE WAN NEE 0325074
CHEAH MAN YEE 0324743
LECTURER: MS. TAY SHIR MEN
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE,
BUILDING AND DESIGN
BACHELOR OF QUANTITY SURVEYING (HONS)
CONSTRUCTION OF SUPPLY
CHAIN MANAGEMENT (MGT
60803)
(GROUP ASSIGNMENT)
BIM
Building Information Modelling

2. CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BIM (BUILDING INFORMATION MODELLING)
1.2 BIM CYCLE
DIMENSION IN BIM
2.1 ADVANTAGES OF 3D
3.1 ADVANTAGES OF 4D
4.1 ADVANTAGES OF 5D
5.1 ADVANTAGES OF 6D
6.1 ADVANTAGES OF 7D
DISADVANTAGES
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
7.0 CONCLUSION
7.1 RECOMMENDATIONS
REFERENCES
5.1 REFERENCES
ADVANTAGES2.0 INTRODUCTION IN 3D
3.0 INTRODUCTION IN 4D
4.0 INTRODUCTION IN 5D
5.0 INTRODUCTION IN 6D
6.0 INTRODUCTION IN 7D
2.2 DISADVANTAGES OF 3D
3.2 DISADVANTAGES OF 4D
4.2 DISADVANTAGES OF 5D
5.2 DISADVANTAGES OF 6D
6.2 DISADVANTAGES OF 7D

3. BIMBuilding Information Modelling
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a digital
representation of physical and functional
characteristics of a facility. It is an intelligent,
model-based process for planning,
designing, constructing, and managing
various buildings and infrastructures. A
BIM is a shared knowledge resource
for information about a facility
forming a reliable basis for
decisions during its life-cycle;
defined as existing from earliest
conception to demolition. In
another word, BIM is a process
for creating and managing all
of the information on a project
– before, during and after
construction.
DESIGN PHASE CONSTRUCTION PHASE MANAGEMENT PHASE MAINTENANCE PHASE
DATA COLLECTED FROM
DIGITAL MODELS
BIM model consists of the virtual equivalents of the actual building parts used to build a building. These elements
have all the characteristics - both physical and logical - of their real counterparts. These intelligent elements are
the digital prototype of the physical building architecture and structural elements that allow us to simulate the
building and understand its behavior in a computer environment way before the actual construction starts.
USED BY
ALL CONSTRUCTION PARTNERS

4. CONCEPTUAL DESIGN
PROGRAMMING
DETAILED DESIGN
ANALYSIS
DOCUMENTATION
FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
CONSTRUCTION
LOGISTICS
OPERATION &
MAINTENANCE
DEMOLITION
RENOVATION
BIM
Building Information Modelling
C Y C L E
The program can
only be properly
considered once
awareness is gained
of the design team’s
BIM capabilities. If
you have appointed a
design team strong in
BIM across the board,
you can reduce the
program time down
significantly. In
addition, through the
use of phasing in
software, contractors
can program out
the order of works
much more efficiently.
This is where the design
process really starts,
and it can be a very
unstable or fluid
process. All designers
will work in the same
model (database). This
way, any coordination
issues can be worked
out in the design phase
rather than interrupting
the construction phase.
This is where the
magic really
happens. The
concept should be
predominantly
fixed and
therefore it is time
to start modelling.
The majority of
3D modelling
should have
been completed.
It is at this stage
you will start
extracting the
information you
require from it This is where we
finish the design
documents to a
construction level.
The type of contract
put in place will
determine who
produces the
documentation and
to what level.
This is what we
refer to as shop
drawings. All shop
drawings are a
product of the
information given
from BIM. At this
stage there are
often questions
from contractors if
they require more
information to
understand the
design intent. BIM
allows additional
information to be
extracted to easily
answer design
queries.
The software will
simulates the
operation and
maintenance. The
structure will be
tested through the
simulation to see if it
serves its intended
purpose. The
detailed look and
feel of the intended
architecture as well
as Its functionality
will be tested using
the simulation. The
building operations
will be simulated over
time and wear and
tear of the construct
will be noted.
Buildings do have life
cycles, and over time
they will need
renovation. This type
of work is not as
common in the BIM at
present as a many of
the buildings are so
new. BIM is an
excellent process to
use for the design/
management of
demolition works.
Renovation can be
simulated using the
computer added
design to allow the
involved parties to
understand the
implication faced in
case of any decision
to renovate the
construct based on
the present design.
Once the design
has been
finalized, the
construction of
the building can
commence.
The whole
construction of
the building is
simulated using
the software.
The logistics of all
the materials from
the warehouse to
the construction
site to be placed
to the proper
location area in
order for the
construction to
take place will also
be calculated and
decided upon
through
simulation.

5. 3D BIM - The shared information model
3D models represent a physical body using a collection of
points in 3D space, connected by various geometric entities
such as triangles, lines, curved surfaces, etc. It is the most
commonly known dimension, as it refers to the “visible” part
of a BIM model. Being a collection of data (points and other
information) BIM revolves around an integrated data model
from which various stakeholders such as Architects, Civil
Engineers, Structural Engineers, MEP System Engineers,
Builders, Manufacturers and Project Owners can extract
and generate views and information's according to their
needs. 3D BIM's visualizations capabilities enables
participants to not only see the building in three dimensions
before ground is ever broken, but also to automatically
update these views along the project life cycle, from earliest
conception to demolition.
SOFTWARE USED
Sketch Up Blender Auto CAD RhinoBIM
Autodesk Revit 3ds Max Maya ZBRUSH
Infrawork 360 Softtech Spirit ARC+ x9
VisualARQMidas Design

6. 3D BIM - The shared information model
ADVANTAGES:
 Improved visualization of the project &communication of design intent .
It allows one to see a project in plan, elevation, section, and perspective
simultaneously. This is important because it significantly improves coordination
between drawings and reduces the potential for errors.
 Reduce rework
Visualisation of projects to enable greater understanding of all members of the
team. For example, it is far easier to schedule scaffolding requirements looking at a
3D model than in 2D. . The impact of a change made to a floor plan is instantly
available to review in section, elevation, and perspective views.
 Disputes avoided
It enhances the communication among the different team members of a project
like design team, subcontractors, owners and others that leads to a significant
development in the planning process of a project as they are more easy to
understand on the features and ideas that are proposed.
MAIN ADVANTAGE ABLE TO COMMUNICATE THE DESIGN INTENT
 Improved multidisciplinary collaboration.
Synchronization between different disciplines, such as architecture and structural
engineering, is improved because the impact of one discipline’s work on another is
immediately apparent. Complicated structures can be studied in section, instead of
drawing sections manually. This increased coordination can greatly speed up the
design process.

7. DISADVANTAGES:
 More work upfront in 3D BIM
The implementation of 3D BIM require more effort at the outset of a project. When
BIM is used, it is insufficient for a contractor to simply submit plans or drawing and
begin to construct. The contractor team must first sit down with the design team to
create a collaborative model.
 High software cost
The upfront cost for hardware, software, training, and implementation can be
pretty hefty. This causes small and medium companies do not interested in
implementing BIM and thus it may be a barrier to communicate with other
parties.
 Copyright
Practical issues about BIM concerns the copyright and ownership of contributed
designs. Where various different design elements produced by separate
consultants are fed into a composite model, and then adapted, authorship will
become blurred.
 Corruption in transmission
Electronically transmitted information becoming corrupted or altered is also a
main concern in BIM. Such concern are not exclusive to BIM projects but
because of their nature any such corruption or alternation will be compounded
and could therefore have an enormous impact on the success of the project.
3D BIM - The shared information model

8. 4D BIM - Scheduling
4D BIM refers to the intelligent linking of individual 3D CAD
components or assemblies with time-related information.
Time-related information for a particular element might
include information on lead time, how long it takes to install
or construct, the time needed to become operational, the
sequence in which components should be installed, and
dependencies on other areas of the project. The fourth
dimension of BIM is used for construction site planning related
activities. It is possible to visualize and to control the progress
of the activities through the lifetime of the project. It allows
construction planners to run simulations to assess how
proposed design features will impact the construction
schedule and workflow. With 4D BIM, planners can
determine appropriate resource scheduling, identify potential
bottlenecks, develop phasing plans, communicate and track
milestones, and find opportunities to improve the schedule
overall. 4D BIM provides methods for managing and
visualizing site status information, change impacts as well as
supporting communication in various situations such as
informing site staff or warning about risks.
SOFTWARE USED
Vico Software Synchro Bentley Navigator ITwo
Naviswork Manage Gest Mideplan Primavera P6
Gestproject MS Project TCQ

9. 4D BIM - Scheduling
ADVANTAGES
 More effective& efficient explanation and communication of schedule
It provides Identification of problems not visible via traditional schedules.
Builders and manufacturers can optimize their construction activities and team
coordination.
 Production of more rigorous schedules
4D BIM allow to analyse the schedule to asses feasibility of execution.
 Improved control over conflict detection
The complexity of changes occurring during the course of a construction project.
4D BIM provides methods for managing and visualizing site status information,
change impacts as well as supporting communication in various situations such
as informing site staff or warning about risks.
MAIN ADVANTAGE FOLLOW UP TOO THE SCHEDULE IN CASE OF
PROJECT CHANGES.
DISADVANTAGES:
 Does not support procurement & offsite activities
4D models do not support offsite activities such as the submittal – approval and the
procurement cycles, offsite work such as fabrication or activities like coordination
etc. These important and often critical activities must be carried in the conventional
schedule but cannot be displayed visually.
 Time consuming for transmission
Development of 4D model from 2D documents is timely and challenging. It also
requires highly skilled and trained staff to execute the process which is short supply
and expensive to bear.
 Disruptive in construction
Although one of the advantages of using a BIM model is that changes can
be made quickly, BIM can disrupt the general procurement and
construction process when ordering items that require a long lead time.

10. 5D BIM - Cost
Drawing on the components of the information model being able to
extract accurate cost information is what's at the heart of 5D BIM.
QUANTITY TAKEOFFS
To determine a project's construction cost and requirements,
contractors traditionally perform material ‘take-offs’ manually, a
process fraught with the potential for error. With BIM, the model
includes information that allows a contractor to accurately and rapidly
generate an array of essential estimating information, such as materials
quantities and costs, size and area estimates, and productivity
projections. As changes are made, estimating information
automatically adjusts, allowing greater contractor productivity.
‘REAL TIME’ COST ESTIMATING
In a BIM model cost data can be added to each object enabling the
model to automatically calculate a rough estimate of material costs.
This provides a valuable tool for designers, enabling them to conduct
value engineering thereby reaching an overall cost for the
development.
SOFTWARE USED
Vico Software Nevaris Bentley ConstructSim Presto Cost‐it
GLODON BIM 5D PriMus BIM constructSIM
DESTINI Estimator TCQ 2000 BIM

11. 5D BIM - Cost
ADVANTAGES
 A greater accuracy and predictability of project's estimates.
It allows participants to visualize the progress of their activities and related costs over
time. The costs here include the purchasing, installing, running, maintenance and
renewal costs. Formulas drive costs on each building system based on the specific
design, materials, site conditions, phasing and other parameters according to the
owner’s timeline.
 Save time in calculating cost
It save times and patience for calculations pertaining to the entire project cost. Thus,
whenever a single component is replaced or changed, the direct impact on the cost
gets calculated automatically.
 Reliable, accurate updates in real time drive efficiency
Data is provided in real time as the model is developed or changed. Alternative
concepts can be easily explored; while owner and project team can see the cost and
other data unfold instantaneously. This drastically shortens design and estimation
cycle time. All major project stakeholders can visualize the end product and
understand exactly what is included in the budget.
MAIN ADVANTAGE COST CHANGES AUTOMATICALLY IN CASE OF
PROJECT CHANGES.
DISADVANTAGES:
 Lack of electronic standard for coding
Lack of an electronic standard for coding BIM software to Standard Methods of
Measurement limits the potential of 5D BIM. Although BIM assisted estimating tools
can generate large quantities of construction items in order to efficiently produce
cost estimates, the extracted quantities have a lack of understanding of
construction methods, which reduces the accuracy of estimates.
 No software for full function of BIM
There are currently no single software available that can perform all functions that
BIM is capable of enabling. Therefore incorporating 5D BIM the team also had to
assist in several projects that were using for 3D clash detection and 4D simulation
purposes.
 Complicated to control
The 5D software was described as robust but complicated to use. The software
program that enable 5D-BIM require a high level of technological expertise as well
as expertise with construction processes.

12. 6D BIM - Sustainability
SOFTWARE USED
Vasari Autodesk Green Building Studio Bentley Hevacomp Trimble Sefaira
The sixth dimension of BIM is used for energy
assessment during the design phase and operational
phase. 6D BIM facilitates the implementation of
energy analysis for buildings. 6D BIM involves the
inclusion of information to support facilities
management and operation to drive better business
outcomes. This data might include information on the
manufacturer of a component, its installation date,
required maintenance and details of how the item
should be configured and operated for optimal
performance, energy performance, along with lifespan
and decommissioning data. An efficient data
collection from installed sensors enables to better
understand the building’s performance and define a
strategy aiming to optimize the building’s energy
consumption. In effect, designers can explore a whole
range of permutations across the lifecycle of a built
assets and quickly get an understanding of impacts
including costs.
Design Builder Software Open Studio Ecotect Analysis

13. 6D BIM - Sustainability
 Result in more complete and accurate energy
It also allows for measurement and verification during building occupation, and
improved processes for gathering lessons learned in high performance
facilities.
ADVANTAGES
 Overall reduction in energy consumption
Helps facility managers to bring down utility bills and operate a
building in the most efficient manner, ensuring highest level of
occupant comfort.
MAIN ADVANTAGE HELPS TO PERFORM ENERGY CONSUMPTION
ANALYSIS
 Support decision making
At delivery phase, it enables design teams to consider their impact of their
proposals over a built asset’s lifecycle, simulating outcomes and anticipated
costs. But the ultimate value, lies in the use of that data to support the
operational phase.
 Support the operation of the built asset
At handover, project teams can pass their complete data set (known as
an Asset Information Model or AIM) over to the end-user. The digital
model offers them a more controlled, accessible and easily navigable way
of managing their information.

14. 6D BIM - Sustainability
 Restriction of sharing information
Do not allow for knowledge sharing among energy managers across all public
departments. The restriction of sharing information unable to add value to
the used system which will affect the sustainability of the buildings, such as
preservation of historical building.
DISADVANTAGES
 Fragmented
It is fragmented which is created by different teams with different
objectives and stored in different system. Therefore, this identifies that
lack of integration of information is the barrier for energy managers in
using BIM 6D.
 Cost intensive & not easy to use
This specialized training is necessary to use them. Other than that, a
contractor may need to upgrade its computer system to effectively use the
BIM software.
 Not yet universally used
6D Bim is not yet universally used among construction professionals.
There is always the possibility that one of the subcontractors may not
use 6D Bim and may not be able to use your models. It is also critical for
operators and facility management to read and study the models using
the BIM software, since they do not undergo significant training.
Problems may occur if the drawing design and the related information
are precise and accurate.

15. 7D BIM - Facility Management
SOFTWARE USED
Autodesk Building ops Asset Wise ArchiFM Tekla BIM Sight
The seventh dimension is used to extract and collect
relevant information related to the operation and
maintenance status of the facility throughout its life
cycle. 7D is the main field where BIM model’s data
can definitely make the difference. Starting a Facility
Management program based on reliable extracted
information from an as-built BIM provide the most
effective solutions for the management of a
building. Besides, tracking and maintaining lifecycle
information about the building structure as well as
the equipment serving the to plan and schedule a
program of maintenance activities that will improve
building performance, reduce repairs, and reduce
overall maintenance costs.
GestProject YouBim Archibus Ecodomus

16. 7D BIM - Facility Management
ADVANTAGES
MAIN ADVANTAGE MANAGE ASSETS LIFE CYCLE.
 Allows participants to extract and track relevant asset data
(Such as component status, specifications, maintenance/operation manuals,
warranty data etc. for easier and quicker parts replacements). It is an approach
to the facility management process not only improves the whole process, but
also improves the quality of services.
 Easier and quicker parts replacements
Optimized compliance and a streamlined asset life cycle management over
time. 7D BIM provides processes for managing subcontractor/supplier data
and facility component through the entire facility life cycle.
 Integrating BIM with 7D CAD simulation models optimizes asset
management from design to demolition
DISADVANTAGES:
 Requiring updated hardware and software
Modelling is more concern on post-construction and project life cycle where
frequent updates are inserted into the modelling which will result in the
difficulty in managing additional volume and complexity of digital information.
This will require an upgrade in hardware and software to manage the
information which will lead to increase in cost.
 Training needed
Training will also need to be provided to facilities managers to understand
and operate 7D BIM which will incur cost. Interoperability between software
applications by different party and different point of time will cause large
number of data exchange and updating takes place. This is due to individual
and firms will have their own preferred system, software application and
processes.

17. Conclusion
In conclusion, BIM can help quantity surveyors to speed up the estimating process compared to the
traditional method that many of the surveyors are still using and as technology evolves, the QS are
forced to evolve as well so that they would not be left out by the society. On the other hand, the
foundation, which is also the traditional method is also important this is so that all the surveyors have
a strong foundation of estimating.
Furthermore, from this report, we know that the BIM requires a lot of upfront calibration between the
QS and also designer, such as, inputting the correct coding, zoning and ensuring that the building is
drawn as it should be built. Even after all the upfront work QS have to interrogate, interpret and also
extract the quantities and align with standard methods of measurement.
With the development of technology like BIM, the responsibilities of the professionals are starting to
shift. Not only that, BIM includes a series of cost management functions that could change the
processes of cost management of construction projects. This allows the Quantity Surveyor to delve
deeper into different parts of the cost management process.
In addition, there are also some of the challenges that are faced by the surveyors while using the BIM
which are the advancement of technology which can be also seen from the few decades behind which
transforms from using the ‘paper’ system to initial simple Excel spreadsheet to BIM. Next, it is the
reluctance of designers to allow 3D models to be used where the designers are reluctant to issue 3D
models that are not substantially complete to QS. The third one would be new terminology, as we the
technologies have evolved, it also means that there are new terminologies that would be used and QS
needs to understand and familiarize the implications of each terms and how this new terminology can
assist them in delivering their traditional services.

18. FLEXIBILITY CHANGES
Recommendation
Ability to read and import different file format. The file format that is able
currently is only the BIM file and a computer or laptop without the software,
it can’t be opened and view it. Therefore, if the file can be saved as PDF to
be sent to clients it would ease the QS more.
Able to allow project team members to collaborate, access or retrieve the
information easily and securely. This would ease the project team to finish
up the task fast and efficiently. Not only that, if the BIM software can
track changes, track errors, record variations and perform checks, it would
also add a point into helping to finish up the work as fast as possible.
Allowing users the flexibility to add
build-up rates or refer rates from cost
libraries or previous projects. This can
make the Bills Of Quantities to be
more accurate with the updated cost
of the materials in the industry.
ABILITY TO READ AND IMPORT DIFFERENT FILE FORMAT
ABLE TO ALLOW PROJECT TEAM MENBERS TO COLLABORATE

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