This document provides an overview of structuralism and post-structuralism in cultural theory. It discusses key thinkers including Ferdinand de Saussure, Roland Barthes, Claude Levi-Strauss, and Will Wright. It examines how structuralism views language and meaning as defined by relationships and differences. Post-structuralism rejects the idea of an underlying structure determining meaning, arguing that meaning is constantly evolving. Theorists like Jacques Derrida and Michel Foucault are discussed in relation to how they viewed binaries, discourse, and power.