Streptococcus agalactiae, or Group B Streptococcus, is a gram-positive, spherical bacterium that forms chains. It is a facultative anaerobe that grows best at 37 degrees Celsius and pH 7. It can cause pneumonia in newborns less than a week old through person-to-person transmission or contact with infected individuals or fomites. Its main virulence factors are a polysaccharide capsule and beta hemolysis. Penicillin is the drug of choice for treatment.

1. Streptococcus agalactiae
General characteristics:
* Gram positive{ cocci Bacteria}.
* Spherical in shape.
* Arranged in chain formation.
* Capsule is Absent.
* Respiration is Aerobic [or] Facultative Anaerobic.
* Optimum Temperature is 37 degree celcius.
* Optimum Ph is 7.0.
* It is Non motile.

2. Family:
* Family: Streptococcaceae.
* Phylum: Bacillota.
* Domain: Bacteria.
* Kingdom: Protista.

5. Explanation
Streptococcus agalactiae Is a gram – positive spherical shape
Bacteria with Tendency to form chains. It is a Beta hemolytic,
Catalase Negative, and Facultative Anaerobe. It is most common
human pathogen. It,s belong to Group B Bacteria. It was identified by
Rebecca Lancefield The American Microbiologist in Year 1930.
Identified in Milk.

6. Pathogenicity
Disease Transmission:
* Person to Person Spread by Respiration.
* Direct contact with Infected person, Fomite, Arthropod vector.
Incubation Period:
7- Days.

7. Virulance Factor:
* Capsular Pollysaccharide.
* Beta Hemolysis
.Pathogenisis:
* Mechanism of Avoiding Opsonisation
* Immunocompromised person affected by Bacterimeia.

8. Clinical Onset:
Early onset:
With in 7 Days infects Newborns and Develop Signs and
Symptoms of Pneumonia.
Late onset and Neonatal Disease:
Disease occurs more than 1 week
After Birth.

9. Colony Morphology
* Blood Agar.
* Macconkey Agar.
Blood Agar:
Greyish white colonies, Transperant, Transculent, Mate or
Glossy.

10. Macconkey Agar:
Colonies are Variable.
Biochemical Test:
* Catalase: Negative. * Indole: Negative. * CUT: Negative.
* Oxidase: Negative. * MR Test: Negative. * CAMP Test: Positive.
* Urease: Negative. * VP Test: Positive. * Coagulase: Negative.

11. AntiBiotics
* PenicillinG is Drug for choice.
* Cephalosporin [or] Vancomycin.
* Aminoglycoside.
* No specific vaccine is currently Avilable.