The methodology of managing the social/economic sphere in a region incorporates both general foundations and particular specific prospects for fostering innovation. The innovation trajectory in present-day Russia is aimed at enhancing quality and improving productivity, expanding the markets, boosting the population’s well-being, and opening up new vistas of opportunity. Innovation plays a key role in resolving many regional issues that, above all, are associated with social/economic life in society. Today, a major factor in fostering human capital and speeding up the pace of innovation-driven development is the use of new technology, which is crucial to creating a successful system of interaction between the government, the business sector, industry, and the scientific/technical sector. But innovation is hardly possible without employing foresight, analysis, and forecasting, as the nature of social/economic development in any region may undergo changes over time based on a focus on cultivating innovation potential. This paper examines the current situation in Volgograd Oblast with a view to bringing forward a set of recommendations on resolving the region’s existing problems.
The objective of the PICK-ME (Policy Incentives for Creation of Knowledge – Methods and Evidence) research project is to provide theoretical and empirical perspectives on innovation which give a greater role to the demand-side aspect of innovation. The main question is how can policy make enterprises more willing to innovate? This task is fulfilled by identifying what we consider the central or most salient aspect of a demand-side innovation- driven economy, which is the small and entrepreneurial yet fast growing and innovative firm. We use the term “Gazelle” to signify this type of firm throughout the paper. The main concern of policy-makers should therefore be how to support Gazelle type of firms through various policies. The effectiveness of different policy instruments are considered. For example, venture capitalism is in the paper identified as an important modern institution that renders exactly the type of coordination necessary to bring about an innovation system more orientated towards the demand side. This is because experienced entrepreneurs with superior skills in terms of judging the marketability of new innovations step in as financiers. Other factor market bottlenecks on the skills side must be targeted through education policies that fosters centers of excellence. R&D incentives are also considered as a separate instrument but more a question for future research since there is no evidence available on R&D incentives as a Gazelle type of policy. Spatial policies to foster more innovation have been popular in the past. But we conclude that whereas the literature often finds that new knowledge is developed in communities of physically proximate firms, there is no overshadowing evidence showing that spatial policies in particular had any impact on generating more of the Gazelle type of firms.
Authored by: Itzhak Goldberg, Camilla Jensen
Published in 2014
This report is concerned with the analysis of privatization and private sector development for the eastern and southern Mediterranean countries partnered with the European Union and collectively known as MED-11. Noting that the analysis applies to the situation prior to the dislocations of the Arab Spring, we review the shift in the relative shares of the public and private sectors in these countries, as well as the business climate affecting the development of the private sector, examine a number of cultural factors that may influence the development of the private sector, and discuss some alternative scenarios for future developments. In the last 20 years, efforts have been made in all countries of the MED-11 to encourage private sector development and, to a greater or lesser extent, privatization of stateowned assets. However, there is a great deal of differentiation among the countries in the group. In the MED-11, Israel has not only the most business-friendly policy environment but also the most developed private sector, accounting for almost 80% of employment. The other countries of the region can be divided into two groups: one, including Algeria, Libya, and Syria, where reforms promoting privatization and private sector development have been very limited, and the rest, in which they have been much more extensive (the Palestine Authority is, for obvious reasons, a rather special case). A generally poor business environment makes for a large informal sector in almost every country in the region; however, generally speaking, we do not find the cultural factors we examine to be hostile to private sector development. Optimistic, reference and pessimistic scenarios are discussed; which of these is realized in any particular MED-11 country will depend greatly on the direction of change following the events of 2011’s Arab Spring.
Written by Mehdi Safavi and Richard Woodward. Published in October 2012.
PDF available on our website at: http://www.case-research.eu/en/node/57858
Pedagogical Bases Of Innovation Activities In Higher Education InstitutionsSubmissionResearchpa
This article outlines the issues of introducing innovative approaches to improving learning processes. There are also recommendations for the development of high pedagogical technologies. by Najmiddinova Mehrigul and Jalilov Mirsaid Bektosh ugli 2020. Pedagogical Bases Of Innovation Activities In Higher Education Institutions. International Journal on Integrated Education. 2, 2 (Mar. 2020), 59-60. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v2i2.271. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/271/264 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/271
The purpose of the paper is to develop a formal method for monitoring and assessment of the process of sustainable national development. In particular, we apply cluster analysis to develop procedures of formal assessment of development gaps, and show how they can be applied for monitoring processes of sustainable development (the method proposed could also be applied for inter-country comparison and assessment of the impact of technical cooperation projects and different internal and external shocks on national development). A formal method is described and implemented for the analysis of national development processes in the Kyrgyz Republic in the period 1992-2000. The study reveals that although in the second part of the nineties many development indicators in the country improved significantly, the development path observed in this period can hardly be classified as sustainable.
Authored by: Jacek Cukrowski, Julia Mironova
Published in 2002
The objective of the PICK-ME (Policy Incentives for Creation of Knowledge – Methods and Evidence) research project is to provide theoretical and empirical perspectives on innovation which give a greater role to the demand-side aspect of innovation. The main question is how can policy make enterprises more willing to innovate? This task is fulfilled by identifying what we consider the central or most salient aspect of a demand-side innovation- driven economy, which is the small and entrepreneurial yet fast growing and innovative firm. We use the term “Gazelle” to signify this type of firm throughout the paper. The main concern of policy-makers should therefore be how to support Gazelle type of firms through various policies. The effectiveness of different policy instruments are considered. For example, venture capitalism is in the paper identified as an important modern institution that renders exactly the type of coordination necessary to bring about an innovation system more orientated towards the demand side. This is because experienced entrepreneurs with superior skills in terms of judging the marketability of new innovations step in as financiers. Other factor market bottlenecks on the skills side must be targeted through education policies that fosters centers of excellence. R&D incentives are also considered as a separate instrument but more a question for future research since there is no evidence available on R&D incentives as a Gazelle type of policy. Spatial policies to foster more innovation have been popular in the past. But we conclude that whereas the literature often finds that new knowledge is developed in communities of physically proximate firms, there is no overshadowing evidence showing that spatial policies in particular had any impact on generating more of the Gazelle type of firms.
Authored by: Itzhak Goldberg, Camilla Jensen
Published in 2014
This report is concerned with the analysis of privatization and private sector development for the eastern and southern Mediterranean countries partnered with the European Union and collectively known as MED-11. Noting that the analysis applies to the situation prior to the dislocations of the Arab Spring, we review the shift in the relative shares of the public and private sectors in these countries, as well as the business climate affecting the development of the private sector, examine a number of cultural factors that may influence the development of the private sector, and discuss some alternative scenarios for future developments. In the last 20 years, efforts have been made in all countries of the MED-11 to encourage private sector development and, to a greater or lesser extent, privatization of stateowned assets. However, there is a great deal of differentiation among the countries in the group. In the MED-11, Israel has not only the most business-friendly policy environment but also the most developed private sector, accounting for almost 80% of employment. The other countries of the region can be divided into two groups: one, including Algeria, Libya, and Syria, where reforms promoting privatization and private sector development have been very limited, and the rest, in which they have been much more extensive (the Palestine Authority is, for obvious reasons, a rather special case). A generally poor business environment makes for a large informal sector in almost every country in the region; however, generally speaking, we do not find the cultural factors we examine to be hostile to private sector development. Optimistic, reference and pessimistic scenarios are discussed; which of these is realized in any particular MED-11 country will depend greatly on the direction of change following the events of 2011’s Arab Spring.
Written by Mehdi Safavi and Richard Woodward. Published in October 2012.
PDF available on our website at: http://www.case-research.eu/en/node/57858
Pedagogical Bases Of Innovation Activities In Higher Education InstitutionsSubmissionResearchpa
This article outlines the issues of introducing innovative approaches to improving learning processes. There are also recommendations for the development of high pedagogical technologies. by Najmiddinova Mehrigul and Jalilov Mirsaid Bektosh ugli 2020. Pedagogical Bases Of Innovation Activities In Higher Education Institutions. International Journal on Integrated Education. 2, 2 (Mar. 2020), 59-60. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v2i2.271. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/271/264 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/271
The purpose of the paper is to develop a formal method for monitoring and assessment of the process of sustainable national development. In particular, we apply cluster analysis to develop procedures of formal assessment of development gaps, and show how they can be applied for monitoring processes of sustainable development (the method proposed could also be applied for inter-country comparison and assessment of the impact of technical cooperation projects and different internal and external shocks on national development). A formal method is described and implemented for the analysis of national development processes in the Kyrgyz Republic in the period 1992-2000. The study reveals that although in the second part of the nineties many development indicators in the country improved significantly, the development path observed in this period can hardly be classified as sustainable.
Authored by: Jacek Cukrowski, Julia Mironova
Published in 2002
This work is done as contribution to the Regional Human Development Report 2004 section 3.7 on “Labor Markets”. The paper focuses on discussing peculiarities of the labor market transition in CIS countries, features of unemployment, labor legislation, and role of the trade unions.
The paper gathers information on the labor markets of CIS and Eastern European countries that was available by summer 2004, and draws policy recommendations based on comparison between these two groups of countries. The main conclusion is that the transformation of labor markets is not complete in any of the CIS countries; most of the problems that prevailed in the early 1990s remain. These include: centralized wage setting in five CIS countries – Belarus, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan; extensive unemployment and underemployment, much of which is hidden; ineffective systems of labor relations and social protection; large mismatches between the labor market skills supplied and the skills demanded by new market economies; inadequate official labor market data.
Fortunately, the strong economic growth experienced by most CIS countries since 1999 has increased the demand for labor and is putting downward pressures on unemployment rates. This offers a window of opportunity for policy makers seeking to further transform labor markets, and to modernize labor relations and social protection systems. The above analysis suggests the policy recommendations to speed up further transformation.
Authored by: Olga Pavlova, Oleksandr Rohozynsky
Published in 2005
Comprehensive Evaluation of Economic Development Level of Beijing, Tianjin an...ijtsrd
The balance of regional economic development is very important for coordinated development. As the Capital Economic Circle of China, Beijing Tianjin Hebei region plays an important role in the national economic development. However, due to the factors of resources, education and culture, the economic development levels of cities in Beijing Tianjin Hebei are unbalanced. This paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system of economic development level, makes empirical analysis by using the method of entropy weight TOPSIS, and ranks the comprehensive scores. It is concluded that Beijing ranks first, Tianjin ranks second, and Hebei ranks relatively lower. Xiaomei Zou | Renhao Jin "Comprehensive Evaluation of Economic Development Level of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei Cities Based on TOPSIS Method" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29203.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/economics/29203/comprehensive-evaluation-of-economic-development-level-of-beijing-tianjin-and-hebei-cities-based-on-topsis-method/xiaomei-zou
This study surveys the current state of affairs in Poland with regard to the development of knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship (KIE), or new firm creation in industries considered to be science-based or to use research and development (R&D) intensively. We place KIE in Poland in the larger institutional context, outlining the key features of the country’s National Innovation System, and then focus on KIE itself. Our findings are perhaps more optimistic than many previous studies of knowledge-based economy development in Poland. We observe significant progress due to Polish access to the European Union. The frequency with which universities are playing a significant role as partners for firms in the innovation process has increased significantly; moreover, we observe a significant degree of internationalization of innovation-related cooperation. Another optimistic development is that the level of activity of venture capitalists seems to be fairly high in Poland considering the relatively low degree of development of capital markets offering VC investors exit opportunities. Moreover, after almost two decades of decline in the share of R&D spending in GDP, there are signs that this is beginning to rise, and that businesses are beginning to spend more on R&D. While demand-side problems continue to be significant barriers for the development of KIE, due to the relatively low level of education and GDP per capita in the country, the trends here are optimistic, with high rates of economic growth and improvements in the level of education of younger generations. Significant improvement is still needed in the area of intellectual property protection.
Authored by: Richard Woodward, Elzbieta Wojnicka, Wojciech Pander
Published in 2012
A Theoretical Statistical Measurement Model Analysis on Human Capital Economi...paperpublications3
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to examine the main issues which effect the economic growth and the poverty in Bulgaria in relation with rate of human capital growth.
The assumption that in the modern world poverty isn’t a concept associated with the shortage of income is grounded. At its core the poverty is an expression of lack of opportunities for the person. The interest in it is completely understandable, because poverty is perceived as the most important social problem, in which all significant existential questions and challenges to the social sciences are focused virtually.
A Summary of the Analysis of the Problems Existing in the Development of Asse...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Affected by the development level of the market economy and regional economic growth factors, the asset appraisal industry in the three major regions of China's east, middle and west has created regional gaps in the development process. Among them, the asset appraisal development problem in the western region is particularly prominent. Therefore, the development of asset appraisal in the western region has always been a hot topic in this field. This paper compares the economic development level of various regions and the development status of the asset appraisal industry, analyzes the problems encountered in the development of the asset appraisal industry in the western region, considers solutions to related problems, and further thinks about the future development direction of the asset appraisal industry and outlook.
Mediterranean and EU member countries consider enhancing innovation and R&D an important policy objective. In order to improve economic competitiveness and increase their citizens’ welfare, these countries have been formulating and implementing innovation policies. In recent years, the volume of resources allocated to such policies has considerably increased and the number of instruments used in this framework has widened. Nevertheless, a relatively limited number of studies have been conducted to assess the effectiveness of innovation policies in these countries and formulate proposals for those aspects of policies that are in contradiction with the aims.
Authored by: Krzysztof Szczygielski, Wojciech Grabowski, M. Teoman Pamukcu, Sinan Tandogan
Published in 2013
The paper discusses the current and potential role of the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) in anchoring economic reforms in the countries of the EU's Eastern Neighbourhood. It claims that it is too early to assess the success of the ENP in this sphere especially given that the actual progress of the ENP agenda has been limited. A review of the empirical evidence on external reform anchors confirms that the ENP shares some features with the EU accession process that has proven to be an effective mechanism supporting major economic, political and social changes in the countries concerned. The eventual ENP economic offer is meaningful and integration with the EU is getting stronger public support in several CIS countries and among their political elites. On the other hand several factors limit the reform anchoring potential of the ENP. This paper offers recommendations on policies that could strengthen this potential.
Authored by: Wojciech Paczynski
Published in 2009
The paper discusses possible directions and magnitudes of the relationship between the social security driven tax wedge, employment and shadow employment in Russia and Ukraine. The first section presents a summary of the economic and institutional background for development of the current size and structure of the socially driven tax wedge in both countries. The second section presents some theoretical considerations on the relationship between the social protection system, tax wedge, non-employment and finally, shadow employment. The third section contains an attempt to econometrically estimate the magnitude of the possible relationship between the tax wedge and total employment rates in both countries. In the fourth section, the authors try to discover the mechanism of influence of the last reform of the Ukrainian payroll tax system on the structure and size of shadow employment in the country. The last analytical section closes the circle leading the reader back from shadow employment to wages and finally to the issue of access to social security institutions. The last section concludes.
Authored by: Marek Gora, Oleksandr Rohozynsky, Irina Sinitsina, Mateusz Walewski
Published in 2009
SOCIAL INVESTMENT MODEL OF REGIONAL GOVERNANCE: DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS FOR THE...IAEME Publication
The article discusses the current problems of formation and implementation of a
social investment model of regional governance in the Rostov Region representing the
South-Russian macro-region. Analyzing intra-management processes in the regional
governance system, the author notes that transition to the social investment model of
regional governance is delayed, since a replacement of management teams, enhanced
authority of the institution of the governor, and the middle position of the Rostov
Region in a regional status hierarchy have been hampering the social investment
model formation. It is also necessary to take into account the factor of intra-regional
competition and influence of the neighboring Krasnodar Territory on the regional
situation and relations with the federal center. In this context, the Rostov Region’s
position is less competitive; therein, formation of a social investment model of
regional governance is associated with “development plants” and with a reduction in
the gap between the regional center and its peripheral areas. According to the author,
the development prospects of the Rostov Region are determined by establishing
Current Shopping Trends In Slovakia/Jana Mitríková, Martina Marchevská, Irina...Igor Britchenko
Understanding the buying and shopping behaviour of current and potential consumers is essential in formulating a successful marketing strategy. It is no longer sufficient for companies to merely produce goods or provide services; companies must know who their consumers are, why they buy, when, where and at what price they buy, and what benefits they expect to gain from the purchase. Companies also need to identify how far consumers are willing to travel to make their purchases and whether the size of the sales area plays a significant role in their preferences. Retailers must also determine whether their customers prefer online shopping or want to buy and spend their leisure time in shopping centres. The paper aims at presenting the selected current trends in buying and shopping through elaborating an overview of the selected research studies and secondary data. The paper also gives an overview of contemporary trends in shopping, customer preferences with regard to types of retail outlets, e-commerce as such, buying and shopping in the online environment and, last but not least, the changes in consumer behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic.
RATIONALIZING THE PROCESSES OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN A NORTHERN OIL A...IAEME Publication
This paper proposes a set of measures to rationalize socio-economic development in a northern oil producing region. According to ‘The Forecast for Long-Term Socio-Economic Development in the Russian Federation for the Period through to 2030’, the economy’s transition to the innovation-driven stage will be based on the execution of a set of activities aimed at putting in place an efficient system of management of economic development in constituent regions of the Russian Federation
The global food price shock of 2006-2008 has particularly affected poorer strata of populations in several developing countries. In Egypt and some other countries it has put food subsidy schemes to the test. This paper develops two comparable computable general equilibrium models for Egypt and Ukraine which are used to simulate direct and indirect impacts of the food price surge and various policy options on the performance of the main macroeconomic indicators as well as on poverty outcomes. The results illustrate the limited ability of realistic policy responses to mitigate negative social consequences of an external price shock. Food import tariff cuts are a partial remedy faring better than other analysed options. Furthermore, the Egyptian system of food subsidies needs substantial reforms limiting the related fiscal burden and improving the targeting of the poor population.
Authored by: Soheir Aboulenein, Heba El Laithy, Omneia Helmy, Hanaa Kheir-El-Din, Liudmyla Kotusenko, Maryla Maliszewska, Dina Mandour, Wojciech Paczynski
Published in 2010
Two in ten working age adults have been out of work for over a year in Visegrad economies and long term joblessness is especially high among the uneducated. The employment disadvantage of uneducated workers tends to be larger than in Western European countries, and is especially grievous in Hungary, where a relatively large share of the labour force has only completed primary school. The build-up of long term joblessnes may take its toll both on the individual and the economy. Beside the loss of human capital and potentially harmful effects on health and mental health, the lower job search intensity of the long term unemployed may lead to weaker wage adjustment and slower economic recovery. Long term non-employment also increases poverty and social exclusion, which may further constrain economic growth. Reducing long term unemployment by activating the unemployed, increasing the education level or preventing early retirement could potentially increase the total employment rateby 2-3 % points in the Visegrad countries.
The publication was authored by Ágota Scharle, with contributions from Márton Csillag, Lucia Mýtna Kureková, Monika Maksim, Anna Orosz, Filip Pertold, Izabela Styczyńska, and Balázs Váradi. It was prepared during the Policy workshops for V4 think tanks, sponsored by the Visegrad Fund.
Authored by: Izabela Styczynska
Published in 2014
The problem of managing the R&D sector sustainability in Russia is of particular
relevance in terms of scaling external and internal challenges faced by the country. Such
challenges require an even greater intensification of the efforts to solve the problems
accumulated in Russian economy and innovation system and associated with the state
transition to new technological way. A key criterion of R&D sector competitive
sustainability is the creation of practice-oriented and relevant results of intellectual
activity. Correlation analysis of innovative activity indicators in developed countries over
the 2007-2015 revealed a pattern of two-fold excess of export licenses over the amount of
public investment in science. This dependence is crucial in the study of competitive
sustainability within R&D sector. The method of assessing the efficiency of public
spending on R&D, including an analysis of the dynamics of the growth rate of
performance indicators and their financing in case of R&D completed in the period is
proposed as the main management tool of R&D sector competitive sustainability.
This work is done as contribution to the Regional Human Development Report 2004 section 3.7 on “Labor Markets”. The paper focuses on discussing peculiarities of the labor market transition in CIS countries, features of unemployment, labor legislation, and role of the trade unions.
The paper gathers information on the labor markets of CIS and Eastern European countries that was available by summer 2004, and draws policy recommendations based on comparison between these two groups of countries. The main conclusion is that the transformation of labor markets is not complete in any of the CIS countries; most of the problems that prevailed in the early 1990s remain. These include: centralized wage setting in five CIS countries – Belarus, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan; extensive unemployment and underemployment, much of which is hidden; ineffective systems of labor relations and social protection; large mismatches between the labor market skills supplied and the skills demanded by new market economies; inadequate official labor market data.
Fortunately, the strong economic growth experienced by most CIS countries since 1999 has increased the demand for labor and is putting downward pressures on unemployment rates. This offers a window of opportunity for policy makers seeking to further transform labor markets, and to modernize labor relations and social protection systems. The above analysis suggests the policy recommendations to speed up further transformation.
Authored by: Olga Pavlova, Oleksandr Rohozynsky
Published in 2005
Comprehensive Evaluation of Economic Development Level of Beijing, Tianjin an...ijtsrd
The balance of regional economic development is very important for coordinated development. As the Capital Economic Circle of China, Beijing Tianjin Hebei region plays an important role in the national economic development. However, due to the factors of resources, education and culture, the economic development levels of cities in Beijing Tianjin Hebei are unbalanced. This paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system of economic development level, makes empirical analysis by using the method of entropy weight TOPSIS, and ranks the comprehensive scores. It is concluded that Beijing ranks first, Tianjin ranks second, and Hebei ranks relatively lower. Xiaomei Zou | Renhao Jin "Comprehensive Evaluation of Economic Development Level of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei Cities Based on TOPSIS Method" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29203.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/economics/29203/comprehensive-evaluation-of-economic-development-level-of-beijing-tianjin-and-hebei-cities-based-on-topsis-method/xiaomei-zou
This study surveys the current state of affairs in Poland with regard to the development of knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship (KIE), or new firm creation in industries considered to be science-based or to use research and development (R&D) intensively. We place KIE in Poland in the larger institutional context, outlining the key features of the country’s National Innovation System, and then focus on KIE itself. Our findings are perhaps more optimistic than many previous studies of knowledge-based economy development in Poland. We observe significant progress due to Polish access to the European Union. The frequency with which universities are playing a significant role as partners for firms in the innovation process has increased significantly; moreover, we observe a significant degree of internationalization of innovation-related cooperation. Another optimistic development is that the level of activity of venture capitalists seems to be fairly high in Poland considering the relatively low degree of development of capital markets offering VC investors exit opportunities. Moreover, after almost two decades of decline in the share of R&D spending in GDP, there are signs that this is beginning to rise, and that businesses are beginning to spend more on R&D. While demand-side problems continue to be significant barriers for the development of KIE, due to the relatively low level of education and GDP per capita in the country, the trends here are optimistic, with high rates of economic growth and improvements in the level of education of younger generations. Significant improvement is still needed in the area of intellectual property protection.
Authored by: Richard Woodward, Elzbieta Wojnicka, Wojciech Pander
Published in 2012
A Theoretical Statistical Measurement Model Analysis on Human Capital Economi...paperpublications3
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to examine the main issues which effect the economic growth and the poverty in Bulgaria in relation with rate of human capital growth.
The assumption that in the modern world poverty isn’t a concept associated with the shortage of income is grounded. At its core the poverty is an expression of lack of opportunities for the person. The interest in it is completely understandable, because poverty is perceived as the most important social problem, in which all significant existential questions and challenges to the social sciences are focused virtually.
A Summary of the Analysis of the Problems Existing in the Development of Asse...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Affected by the development level of the market economy and regional economic growth factors, the asset appraisal industry in the three major regions of China's east, middle and west has created regional gaps in the development process. Among them, the asset appraisal development problem in the western region is particularly prominent. Therefore, the development of asset appraisal in the western region has always been a hot topic in this field. This paper compares the economic development level of various regions and the development status of the asset appraisal industry, analyzes the problems encountered in the development of the asset appraisal industry in the western region, considers solutions to related problems, and further thinks about the future development direction of the asset appraisal industry and outlook.
Mediterranean and EU member countries consider enhancing innovation and R&D an important policy objective. In order to improve economic competitiveness and increase their citizens’ welfare, these countries have been formulating and implementing innovation policies. In recent years, the volume of resources allocated to such policies has considerably increased and the number of instruments used in this framework has widened. Nevertheless, a relatively limited number of studies have been conducted to assess the effectiveness of innovation policies in these countries and formulate proposals for those aspects of policies that are in contradiction with the aims.
Authored by: Krzysztof Szczygielski, Wojciech Grabowski, M. Teoman Pamukcu, Sinan Tandogan
Published in 2013
The paper discusses the current and potential role of the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) in anchoring economic reforms in the countries of the EU's Eastern Neighbourhood. It claims that it is too early to assess the success of the ENP in this sphere especially given that the actual progress of the ENP agenda has been limited. A review of the empirical evidence on external reform anchors confirms that the ENP shares some features with the EU accession process that has proven to be an effective mechanism supporting major economic, political and social changes in the countries concerned. The eventual ENP economic offer is meaningful and integration with the EU is getting stronger public support in several CIS countries and among their political elites. On the other hand several factors limit the reform anchoring potential of the ENP. This paper offers recommendations on policies that could strengthen this potential.
Authored by: Wojciech Paczynski
Published in 2009
The paper discusses possible directions and magnitudes of the relationship between the social security driven tax wedge, employment and shadow employment in Russia and Ukraine. The first section presents a summary of the economic and institutional background for development of the current size and structure of the socially driven tax wedge in both countries. The second section presents some theoretical considerations on the relationship between the social protection system, tax wedge, non-employment and finally, shadow employment. The third section contains an attempt to econometrically estimate the magnitude of the possible relationship between the tax wedge and total employment rates in both countries. In the fourth section, the authors try to discover the mechanism of influence of the last reform of the Ukrainian payroll tax system on the structure and size of shadow employment in the country. The last analytical section closes the circle leading the reader back from shadow employment to wages and finally to the issue of access to social security institutions. The last section concludes.
Authored by: Marek Gora, Oleksandr Rohozynsky, Irina Sinitsina, Mateusz Walewski
Published in 2009
SOCIAL INVESTMENT MODEL OF REGIONAL GOVERNANCE: DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS FOR THE...IAEME Publication
The article discusses the current problems of formation and implementation of a
social investment model of regional governance in the Rostov Region representing the
South-Russian macro-region. Analyzing intra-management processes in the regional
governance system, the author notes that transition to the social investment model of
regional governance is delayed, since a replacement of management teams, enhanced
authority of the institution of the governor, and the middle position of the Rostov
Region in a regional status hierarchy have been hampering the social investment
model formation. It is also necessary to take into account the factor of intra-regional
competition and influence of the neighboring Krasnodar Territory on the regional
situation and relations with the federal center. In this context, the Rostov Region’s
position is less competitive; therein, formation of a social investment model of
regional governance is associated with “development plants” and with a reduction in
the gap between the regional center and its peripheral areas. According to the author,
the development prospects of the Rostov Region are determined by establishing
Current Shopping Trends In Slovakia/Jana Mitríková, Martina Marchevská, Irina...Igor Britchenko
Understanding the buying and shopping behaviour of current and potential consumers is essential in formulating a successful marketing strategy. It is no longer sufficient for companies to merely produce goods or provide services; companies must know who their consumers are, why they buy, when, where and at what price they buy, and what benefits they expect to gain from the purchase. Companies also need to identify how far consumers are willing to travel to make their purchases and whether the size of the sales area plays a significant role in their preferences. Retailers must also determine whether their customers prefer online shopping or want to buy and spend their leisure time in shopping centres. The paper aims at presenting the selected current trends in buying and shopping through elaborating an overview of the selected research studies and secondary data. The paper also gives an overview of contemporary trends in shopping, customer preferences with regard to types of retail outlets, e-commerce as such, buying and shopping in the online environment and, last but not least, the changes in consumer behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic.
RATIONALIZING THE PROCESSES OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN A NORTHERN OIL A...IAEME Publication
This paper proposes a set of measures to rationalize socio-economic development in a northern oil producing region. According to ‘The Forecast for Long-Term Socio-Economic Development in the Russian Federation for the Period through to 2030’, the economy’s transition to the innovation-driven stage will be based on the execution of a set of activities aimed at putting in place an efficient system of management of economic development in constituent regions of the Russian Federation
The global food price shock of 2006-2008 has particularly affected poorer strata of populations in several developing countries. In Egypt and some other countries it has put food subsidy schemes to the test. This paper develops two comparable computable general equilibrium models for Egypt and Ukraine which are used to simulate direct and indirect impacts of the food price surge and various policy options on the performance of the main macroeconomic indicators as well as on poverty outcomes. The results illustrate the limited ability of realistic policy responses to mitigate negative social consequences of an external price shock. Food import tariff cuts are a partial remedy faring better than other analysed options. Furthermore, the Egyptian system of food subsidies needs substantial reforms limiting the related fiscal burden and improving the targeting of the poor population.
Authored by: Soheir Aboulenein, Heba El Laithy, Omneia Helmy, Hanaa Kheir-El-Din, Liudmyla Kotusenko, Maryla Maliszewska, Dina Mandour, Wojciech Paczynski
Published in 2010
Two in ten working age adults have been out of work for over a year in Visegrad economies and long term joblessness is especially high among the uneducated. The employment disadvantage of uneducated workers tends to be larger than in Western European countries, and is especially grievous in Hungary, where a relatively large share of the labour force has only completed primary school. The build-up of long term joblessnes may take its toll both on the individual and the economy. Beside the loss of human capital and potentially harmful effects on health and mental health, the lower job search intensity of the long term unemployed may lead to weaker wage adjustment and slower economic recovery. Long term non-employment also increases poverty and social exclusion, which may further constrain economic growth. Reducing long term unemployment by activating the unemployed, increasing the education level or preventing early retirement could potentially increase the total employment rateby 2-3 % points in the Visegrad countries.
The publication was authored by Ágota Scharle, with contributions from Márton Csillag, Lucia Mýtna Kureková, Monika Maksim, Anna Orosz, Filip Pertold, Izabela Styczyńska, and Balázs Váradi. It was prepared during the Policy workshops for V4 think tanks, sponsored by the Visegrad Fund.
Authored by: Izabela Styczynska
Published in 2014
The problem of managing the R&D sector sustainability in Russia is of particular
relevance in terms of scaling external and internal challenges faced by the country. Such
challenges require an even greater intensification of the efforts to solve the problems
accumulated in Russian economy and innovation system and associated with the state
transition to new technological way. A key criterion of R&D sector competitive
sustainability is the creation of practice-oriented and relevant results of intellectual
activity. Correlation analysis of innovative activity indicators in developed countries over
the 2007-2015 revealed a pattern of two-fold excess of export licenses over the amount of
public investment in science. This dependence is crucial in the study of competitive
sustainability within R&D sector. The method of assessing the efficiency of public
spending on R&D, including an analysis of the dynamics of the growth rate of
performance indicators and their financing in case of R&D completed in the period is
proposed as the main management tool of R&D sector competitive sustainability.
Identifying Directions for the Russia's Science and Technology CooperationMaxim Kotsemir
Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2714363
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/290168802_Identifying_Directions_for_the_Russia%27s_Science_and_Technology_Cooperation?ev=prf_pub
Strong international partnerships are a key vehicle for building an efficient national innovation system. Successful global cooperation needs comprehensive knowledge of the features of the science and technology (S&T) sphere in a changing environment of global division of labour, competition, and political climates. New realities and trends emerge, changing the established ‘rules of the game’ and calling for immediate actions from politicians, experts, and various economic actors.
We propose an analytical approach to build and examine an empirical database. Drawing on bibliometric analysis and expert survey tools, such an approach helps us identify the most promising areas for Russia’s international S&T cooperation. We assess the scope for applying the proposed methodology. Based on the latest available data in Web of Science, the international scientific citation indexing service (2014 and early 2015), we compare the structure and variation over time of scientific specializations in Russia, leading S&T countries, and several fast growing global economies.
The cooperation priorities that we identified via matrix analysis were complemented with data from expert surveys. The surveys highlighted the partner organizations, thematic areas, and instruments of S&T cooperation, which indicate some of the future possibilities for Russia’s international S&T cooperation.
Other research papers on innovation concepts and policy, data envelopment analysis, bibliometric analysis as well as nanotechnology innovations here for free:
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1989392
Problems and Prospects of Infrastructure and Innovative Development of Kazakh...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
This article is devoted to the research of solving the
problems of innovative development and infrastructure of
Kazakhstan. The article presents many examples of the
development of innovation from foreign countries and a
comparison with the current situation in Kazakhstan. The
main problems in the development of innovative industry
are identified and appropriate solutions and
recommendations are proposed. In order to accelerate the
slow development of economic growth in this area, the
article raises the issues of attracting investment, the
development of high-tech technologies, the elimination of
technological backwardness, the development of the
scientific sector, as well as issues of financing.
Modern Approaches and Strategies for the Implementation of Innovative Process...ijtsrd
The article describes the modern approaches, strategies and the role of innovation in the development of innovation processes in industrial enterprises of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Dexkhanova Nargiza Sharifovna "Modern Approaches and Strategies for the Implementation of Innovative Processes in Industrial Enterprises on the Example of Uzbekistan" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Special Issue | Modern Trends in Scientific Research and Development, Case of Asia , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd35882.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/other/35882/modern-approaches-and-strategies-for-the-implementation-of-innovative-processes-in-industrial-enterprises-on-the-example-of-uzbekistan/dexkhanova-nargiza-sharifovna
The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that a higher education institution
allows for the implementation of innovative research based on its own development and
management of intellectual activity. In order to determine the possibility of managing
innovative developments, it is advisable at the university to integrate the system of
intelligent control and form an innovation management body.
The novelty of the research is determined by the fact that for the first time in the
domestic practice a question is being investigated regarding the intellectual management
of higher education institutions as well as the forms of integration of innovative activity.
Higher education institutions in various countries allow us to determine how innovative
forms can be implemented in a managerial aspect, depending on the capabilities of the
university and its technological focus. Each of the participants in innovation requires
constant monitoring and coordination of various bodies. In this regard, it is necessary to
clearly understand how to organize a particular activity in the framework of interuniversity
cooperation.
Methodologically, the article is based on the study of historical and theoretical
experience, as well as a set of parameters, which are determined based on the general
conditions for the formation of management decisions.
The practical applicability of the article is revealed in the direction of the activity to
increase the share of innovative products, both technological and intellectual, in the
practical activities of the university.
On August 18 2014, Mr. Mikhail Rogachev, Fund Director of the Russian Foundation for Technological Development (hereinafter – RFTD or the Fund) held a lecture for students of the Discovering Entrepreneurship Summer School (arranged by HSE laboratory for studies of entrepreneurship in conjunction with the University of Sheffield/Great Britain, University of Twente /Enschede and the University of Groningen/the Netherlands). The lecture addressed issues of state policy in the field of innovations (Orders of the Prime Minister No. DM-P36-6057 d/d 9 August 2014) and featured typical models of the Fund financial support for R&D projects.
Koshova, S., Britchenko, I., & Bezpartochnyi, M. (2021). Economic and mathema...Igor Britchenko
The article examines a problem relevant to the national security of the state, the possibility of applying economic and mathematical models to predict the prospects for the development of the space industry. In modern conditions the, space industry is seen as the basis for innovative development and economic security of the state, which is the driving force of economic development. After all, in order to sustainably develop the economy and achieve the indicators planned by the government, it is necessary to have a clear idea of the mechanisms and function of the system as a whole and its individual parts. That is why competent forecasting of the main indicators of the development of the space industry with the identification of key factors influencing it is especially relevant at the present stage. Forecasting of indicators, based on the construction of economic and mathematical models of industry development. It is determined that the construction of this model begins with the development of a specification of the model, which includes a verbal description of the study, followed by a presentation of the process of its operation in the form of mathematical formulas. It is important to clearly formulate and define the problem, as well as to identify all the factors and patterns that characterize the functioning of the system. Economic and mathematical models can increase the efficiency of the planning system of the industry and increase the accuracy of the process of forecasting its development. The successful development of the space industry today becomes a necessary condition for preserving national sovereignty both in the military-political aspect and in the field of information security.
Prospects of Development of Activity of Modern Enterprises in the Conditions ...ijtsrd
The article is devoted to prospects of development of national economy on the basis of stimulation of innovative activity of modern enterprises. The basic directions of creation of small business, measures on support and formation of an innovative infrastructure are considered, mechanisms and the economic content of integration interaction of small and large business are defined. In article perspective directions of development of activity of the modern enterprises are proved. Siddikov Mumin | Berdiqulov Azzam "Prospects of Development of Activity of Modern Enterprises in the Conditions of Innovative Economy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31262.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/innovation-and-product-dev/31262/prospects-of-development-of-activity-of-modern-enterprises-in-the-conditions-of-innovative-economy/siddikov-mumin
The institutions of current education play a central role in the progress and development of nation, due to their education aimed at preparing and training human energies that lead social and economic development. Scientific research aimed at exploring the depths of knowledge and finding solutions to renewable needs and serving the community that aims to meet its requirements on the basis of Partnership with both institutions and individuals. Ali Mohammed Al Dayli "Strategic Planning for Higher Education" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-6 , December 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd60112.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/60112/strategic-planning-for-higher-education/ali-mohammed-al-dayli
The development of innovation activities is of great importance on the path to achieving
the goals of sustainable development. Success on this path is closely related to the
presence of comparable information on the development of innovation activities at
the regional level. The aim of the paper is to assess the development of innovation
activities in the regions of Ukraine and identify differences in results. The study is performed
using relative indicators for the assessment of the development of innovation
activities in the regions of Ukraine. The indicators were averaged and normalized. To
analyze how innovation activities change over time, the dynamic indices based on the
geometric mean of the growth rate of the relative indicators were used. The obtained
results have significant differences in the regions being assessed. Most regions have a
heterogeneous development of innovation activities. At the same time, they are at the
top and bottom of the rankings of the regions in different indicators of the development
of innovation activities. Only Cherkasy and Zaporizhzhia oblasts are at the top
of the rankings in at least 75% of indicators. However, in 2017‒2019, all indicators
improved in at least 29% of regions. In addition, 75% of indicators improved in at least
54% of regions. Therefore, over time, most regions progressed in the development of
innovation activities. Management decisions for the development of innovation activities
should be complex for all regions and implemented primarily in the regions where
there is no improvement over time.
Analysis of the Main Threats to the System of Sustainable Development and Pla...Igor Britchenko
The main purpose of the study is to identify and analyze the main threats to the system of sustainable development and planning of the region in terms of ensuring the economic security of the state. To do this, we applied a methodology that allows us to establish the dependence and connection between threats and to determine the level structure of measures to counter the negative impact of these threats on a particular region. The relevance of the study is given by the fact that the regions of Europe today are also suffering from military actions on the territory of Ukraine. As a result of the study, a multi-level matrix of the hierarchy of the negative impact of threats on the system of sustainable development and planning of the region was formed in the context of ensuring the economic security of the state. The use of this matrix is a relatively new and more effective way to determine the measure of the impact of certain phenomena. The study has limitations and they concern the selection of only one region therefore further research needs to expand and apply our matrix to more regions.
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
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• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
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Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
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Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
2. Ekaterina Vasilieva, Elena Danilova and Natalia Skobelina
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 278 editor@iaeme.com
1. INTRODUCTION
The era of innovation-driven development implies the complexification of societies and the
development of new institutionalized practices. A special role is played by innovation
technologies, which help provide boosts with respect to mediated forms of interaction.
Constructing an effective model for future development and establishing proper ways for the
economy to operate may provide a foundation for sound managerial decision making within
the political, economic, and social spheres of Russia’s society. Based on ‘The Strategy for
Innovation-Driven Development in the Russian Federation through to 2020’ and ‘The
Concept on Long-Term Social/Economic Development in the Russian Federation through to
2020’ the regional authorities are employing the problem-targeted, project-based, and
innovation-focused approaches to determine social/economic dynamics in regions.
In present-day Russia, regional planning is grounded in the problem-targeted approach,
which implies reciprocal relationships at all stages in management and a focus on the
implementation of federal, regional, and municipal programs. The vector of social/economic
development in regions is aimed at boosting people’s standard of living and preserving social
stability in Russia [1]. The essence of the innovation-focused and project-based approaches to
exploring innovation-driven development lies in orienting the economy toward the
galvanization of innovation-focused activity within a set of key sectors that are known to
drive economic development and development in other areas of life in society. The purpose of
this paper is to establish a set of ways to institutionalize regional innovations in present-day
Russia and gain an insight into the nature of social/economic development in Volgograd
Oblast within the last decade.
2. METHODS
One of the more significant tools for forecasting and developing the future is foresight. A
positive criterion is that foresight helps register changes taking place in all areas of life,
including social relationships, economic processes, scientific/technological activity, and
cultural development. So what is foresight? In a strict sense, foresight is not just about
forecasting something but implies the ability to “guess” what the future holds based on a set
of factors that may have an effect on the population, the government, the business sector, and
the scientific community. Consequently, implementing a certain foresight project dealing with
the social/economic sphere in a region implies the possibility of shaping and managing the
future based on resources available, objectives set, conditions created by the regional
authorities, and the region’s potential as a whole [2]. The key object of foresight research into
a region is human capital, as a measure of the capacity to make profit encapsulated in people
and a reserve of knowledge, abilities, and skills influencing growth in production and revenue
[3]. Human capital makes it possible to actualize the ability to create, produce, and put into
effect scientific knowledge and retain one’s positions in the market.
Foresight is employed in practice via the use of various techniques of data analysis and an
integrated system of methods in general, some of the key ones being analysis of the literature,
systems analysis, SWOT-analysis, STEEPV-analysis, expert panels, simulated panel
discussions, expert interviews, surveys, and others. For instance, to determine strengths or
weaknesses, opportunities or threats SWOT-analysis is employed. Having said that, methods
employed in foresight research are, above all, based on the creativity and experience of
specialists engaged, efficient interaction, and sound evidence. Also important is the fact that
the monitoring of futures studies practices is aimed at assessing available information and
determining the key stages in a study: preparation → mobilization of participants →
anticipation → development of recommendations → implementation of transformations [4].
3. Strategies For The Institutionalization of Innovation Practices In Russian Regions (The Case of
Volgograd Oblast)
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 279 editor@iaeme.com
The choice of methodology for regional foresight ought to be based on specific issues,
goals, and objectives within a particular area under research (Figure 1).
Figure 1 Generic foresight methodology
The regional focus may be on foresight research into transportation, healthcare,
economics, education, and many other areas, but a key characteristic is focusing on the
opinion of experts and their analysis of the situation, which is highly significant for foresight
projects.
When it comes to managing innovation-driven development in the social/economic
sphere, it may help to be guided by relevant notions of relationships between people and their
joint activity. And, since the term ‘innovation’ is equivocal and in a narrow sense implies
obtaining new technology to generate some revenue, it, definitely, may help to view this
category in a broader sense, more specifically in terms of innovation-driven development and
innovation-focused activity. One of the first scholars to propose a broader construal of the
term is J.A. Schumpeter. The scholar views innovations as technical and organizational
changes, and asserts they help achieve an edge in the market – an economic gain [5]. Without
question, development through borrowed ideas is a simpler process and requires less effort –
yet, as per scholar A.S. Skorobogatov, an entity’s own innovations make it possible for it to
develop within the setting of its own culture [6].
As has been justly pointed out by scholar R. Florida, most of the key factors in economic
development, like talent, innovativeness, and creativity, are distributed in the world unevenly,
being concentrated in particular areas [7]. The outcomes, and, concurrently, the deepening, of
territorial division of social labor govern our understanding of the essence of the city. Some of
its distinctive traits have been identified by Russian urbanist G.M. Lappo [8]:
– the city emerges and develops in response to the needs of society, its production forces, and
their spatial organization, which manifest at a certain stage in historical development;
– the city emerges at a certain time and in a certain place which matches the city’s functions
with its features;
– the city is, concurrently, both an economic center and an environment with specific features
for the population living in it.
Development in any region is reflected in changes through time, but a key aspect is the
availability of innovations or their development. Thus, innovation acts as a means of
continual renewal and competition. In the authors’ view, it is possible to think of regional
innovation through the lens of the process of activity, the outcome of activity, the level of
4. Ekaterina Vasilieva, Elena Danilova and Natalia Skobelina
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 280 editor@iaeme.com
novelty, and the locality of the place where it is done. The other attributes can be employed
specifically in respect of particular organizations and production operations, e.g. small
businesses – in implementing a business plan, it is important to follow the goals and
objectives set, which normally include both economic/social and organizational strategies.
3. DISCUSSION
3.1. Variants for the institutionalization of innovations in Russian regions
In conducting their analysis of innovation-driven development in Russian society, the authors
took account of both the structural aspect and the dynamic nature of new innovation practices.
For the purposes of this study, institutionalization of innovations implies organizing new
practices in various spheres within Russian society in a climate of intensification of the
process of foresight, clusterization of the economic sector, and development of social
partnerships within the social/economic and political spheres. The authors’ analysis of
innovation-driven development in regions has made it possible to identify the paternalist and
partnership-based approaches to institutionalizing innovation practices in present-day Russia.
The authors view variants for institutionalization as ways to implement and develop
innovation technology and put in place innovation practices. The paternalist variant for
institutionalization in a region implies a closed mechanism between the government and the
business sector. With that said, social institutions are in no position to influence the
development of innovation practices. The partnership-based variant, in turn, is predicated on
the social partnership mechanism. In this model, the priority is clusterization within the
economic sector. By designating innovation practices (methods of foresight, clusters, forms of
social partnership, etc.) and focusing attention on conditions that are needed for innovation-
driven development, it may be possible to establish which variant for institutionalization is
characteristic of a particular region.
In today’s swiftly changing, hard-to-predict world, special significance is being taken on
by innovative technology for the formation and management of information, including
foresight technology. The complexification of life in society causes increases in the number of
social issues, which it is hard to resolve without analyzing the situation and trying to foresee
an outcome and without working out a proper concept on the region’s development. Plus,
issues could be resolved by the government in a more efficient manner if there were proposed
and considered alternative solutions and developed short-term and long-term strategies for
development in society. Currently, many Russian regions are engaged in fostering cooperation
in the area of foresight, and most have had success with mastering its key methods. When it
comes to clusterization, Russia currently has 25 territorial innovation clusters (in Voronezh
Oblast, Novosibirsk Oblast, Kurgan Oblast, Penza Oblast, Perm Krai, Moscow, Saint
Petersburg, and other regions) [9]. Regional cluster policy helps achieve the economic
efficiency of activity by economic entities that make up a cluster and drive social/economic
development in those regions.
The proper operation of the partnership-based model of innovation-driven development
requires certain conditions that will facilitate building a constructive dialogue between the
government, the business sector, and society. In this regard, there is importance in making it
possible for the majority of the population to take part in the innovation process. Society’s
openness to innovation, the government’s ability to facilitate the implementation of
innovation practices, and businesses’ preparedness to engage in innovation activity are the
key preconditions for the successful institutionalization of innovation practices.
5. Strategies For The Institutionalization of Innovation Practices In Russian Regions (The Case of
Volgograd Oblast)
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 281 editor@iaeme.com
3.2. Vector of social/economic development in Volgograd Oblast
The shift to innovation-driven development in Volgograd Oblast is taking place amid a deep
economic and social crisis. The authors’ analysis of the current condition of the region’s
economy has helped obtain the most objective and credible information on current
development in Volgograd Oblast. At the moment, the region is characterized by quite a
tough social/economic situation, so the authorities may need to choose between reducing
spending or stepping it up to ensure future boosts in income. Since the economic and social
spheres are closely interrelated, economic indexes of development in the region are
supplemented with similar social indicators. Thus, along with social statistics materials, to
identify the region’s key problems and determine possible ways to resolve them the authors
also employed the findings from their sociological study, which helped summarize self-
assessments by Volgograd Oblast residents and determine the best variant for the
institutionalization of innovation practices in the region.
The law ‘On the Strategy for Social and Economic Development in Volgograd Oblast
through to 2025’ sets out the following objectives: to boost people’s standard of living,
develop the economy, develop the social sphere, develop the infrastructure, improve security,
enhance the system of managing public funds, enhance the system of overall public
administration, and develop a prosperous civil society. The region devotes a great deal of
attention to investment regional policy. There are plans to work closely with the Agency for
Strategic Initiatives and stage Innovation Days with a view to putting in place one of the
largest platforms for interaction between representatives of the scientific and expert
communities, the business sector, and the government aimed at working out a strategy for
innovation-driven development in the region. The above statute lays an emphasis on openness
on the part of the government: “State and municipal authorities are set the objective to ensure
transparency of activity, so that residents will not mistrust the authorities and, justly, accuse
them of being “estranged from the people”. It has been stressed more than once that “there is
being implemented at all levels of the government the project/program principle of
administration” [10]. So how effectively have the goals and objectives set by the regional
authorities been implemented in real life?
At present, Volgograd Oblast actively employs methods of foresight, with a focus on the
development of strategies and concepts on future development and short-term and long-term
programs and organization of monitoring of the implementation of program provisions with
the engagement of experts. However, the region’s cluster policy is still in the formative stage.
Currently, the region is carrying out work on putting in place the Kamyshin Textiles
innovation textile cluster, a chemical/pharmaceutical cluster, an innovation territorial cluster
on the production of cutting-edge construction materials and high-purity chemical products
based on the Svetloyar and Narimanovsky magnesium chloride fields, an integrated
automotive cluster for the manufacture of small-class buses, and a radio-electronics cluster.
There are also plans to create an innovation chemical cluster in Volgograd Oblast [11]. At the
moment, the government is working on relevant programs for the development of the above
clusters.
Over the last decade, the region’s economic development has been characterized by
relatively slow growth rates across most of the key indicators (Gross Regional Product,
Industrial Production Index, etc.). A major concern is the deindustrialization of the region.
The critical situation in the Aluminum Plant, Krasny Oktyabr, Khimprom, and Volgograd’s
other enterprises has driven up the unemployment rate and resulted in the marginalization of
certain social groups within the city and the region, which, certainly, is not conducive to
social/economic and political stabilization within the region, but, just on the contrary, is
setting it on a path of regressive development.
6. Ekaterina Vasilieva, Elena Danilova and Natalia Skobelina
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 282 editor@iaeme.com
As part of their sociological study ‘Social/Economic Problems in Volgograd Oblast’,
between May and June 2015 the authors conducted a questionnaire-based survey (N=1,080)
involving 8 districts in the city of Volgograd for the purpose of identifying the region’s key
social/economic issues and determining the current social well-being of Volgograd residents.
The authors employed the stratified accidental sampling method. The statistical sampling
error was ± 3%. The authors factored in the following key social parameters for the city’s
adult population: age, education, and professional identity. The study identified 9 major strata
within the population of the city of Volgograd: workers and specialists employed in industry;
personnel at budgetary organizations; military personnel; public officers; entrepreneurs;
students; unemployed individuals; retired individuals. To process the data, the authors
employed SPSS. In analyzing regional social/economic development, of significance is such
an indicator of social satisfaction with life as social well-being, i.e. the sentiments of
particular individuals and those of entire communities. This component is characterized by
such indicators as ‘stability or instability within a community’, ‘one’s being protected or
unprotected’, ‘satisfaction/dissatisfaction with life’, etc. Based on the findings from the
authors’ sociological study, most of the surveyed residents of the city of Volgograd viewed
the social/economic situation in the country as unstable (54.4% stating it was ‘unstable’ and
35.2% stating it was ‘recessionary’).
Regarding the situation in Volgograd Oblast, a significant portion of the respondents
picked ‘crisis’ (51.5%) and ‘instability’ (43.0%). On the whole, Volgograd residents view
Russian society as dynamically developing and continually changing. The question ‘How do
you think has the life of the nation’s population changed over the last 2-3 years?’ drew the
following responses: 15.6 % – ‘I’d say it has improved’, 5.7% – ‘it has definitely become
better’, 45.3 % – ‘I’d say it has become worse’, and 26.5% – ‘it definitely has become worse’.
This cannot be regarded as a positive characterization and a stabilizing indicator for the
region’s development. Lifestyle as a subcategory of social changes with Volgograd Oblast
residents is reflected in assessments of social well-being, the situation in the region, as well as
top priority issues that regular citizens are preoccupied with. Empirical data attest that, in the
view of Volgograd residents, the top concerns facing Russian society today are ‘low income;
shortage of money for basic essentials’ (28.8% of the respondents), ‘corruption among
government officials’ (15.0%), and ‘inflation; growing prices for the essentials’ (11.8%). The
question ‘In your opinion, resolving which of the issues on the list is of the greatest
significance for Volgograd residents at the moment?’ elicited the following responses: 21.1%
– ‘inflation; growing prices for the essentials’, 19.4% – ‘low pensions and low pay’, and
13.7% – ‘lack of new jobs’. Despite the fact that the average monthly pension has increased
since the start of 2015 by 1,191.1 rubles and totaled 12,118.8 rubles back in March 2015,
retired citizens did list in the questionnaire low pensions and not having enough money to pay
for basic essentials [12].
Based on the results of the authors’ questionnaire-based survey attest, most respondents
attach the greatest significance to the well-being of their love ones, their own material well-
being, and economic self-sufficiency. According to the respondents, their material status
depends on themselves (22.0%) and one’s earnings should be obtained in a fair, bona-fide
manner (22.3%). In today’s climate, most Russians are focused on transforming their lifestyle
and enhancing their entourage, as current strategies pursued by the government are aimed at
changing the actual person.
Rising unemployment, inflation, deindustrialization in the region, and some other issues
are thwarting the innovation vector of economic and social development in the region.
Empirical data indicate that for quite an extensive period now Volgograd Oblast residents
have attached the greatest significance to issues such as inflation and continually rising prices
7. Strategies For The Institutionalization of Innovation Practices In Russian Regions (The Case of
Volgograd Oblast)
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 283 editor@iaeme.com
for basic essentials, high levels of unemployment, low wages and pensions, costly public
utilities, and some other issues. For instance, in terms of the economically active segment of
its population the region has exhibited the following unemployment rate: in 2010 – 8%, in
2011 – 6.9%, in 2012 – 6%, in 2013 and 2014 – 6.6% [13]. In 2017, the number of those
looking for a job was 16,710, with 7,641 individuals recognized as unemployed. By contrast,
as of January 1, 2018 the official figure on the unemployed is 3,245 individuals. The trend of
demand being the greatest for blue-collar positions has persisted in 2018 as well – 62.3%,
with the rest of today’s job openings (37.7%) accounted for by office-based employees and
engineering/technical personnel [14].
Based on employment indicators, Volgograd’s labor market has been unstable all year so
far, and, despite the measures taken by the municipal and regional authorities, the situation in
Volgograd Oblast has not changed much in the last 10 years.
Not all cities are centers of attraction and development of innovations, but it is worth
noting that the city of Volgograd is characterized by migration-related cooperation and may
need to focus more on putting in place a sustainable social network of interactions among
arriving labor migrants, the local population, and regional establishments at both the
institutional and interpersonal levels. This kind of interaction may help boost significantly the
city’s attractiveness [15]. Nongovernmental organizations possess innovation potential and
may propose new ideas that can help resolve some of the issues within the social sphere [16].
These organizations ought to develop promising projects, imbibe cutting-edge solutions, and
interact with government and business establishments.
The results from the implementation of social/economic policy published by the
Territorial Body of the Federal State Service on Volgograd Oblast between 2014 and 2017
and the findings from the sociological study ‘Social/Economic Problems in Volgograd
Oblast’ substantiate the need to make major adjustments to the existing system of strategic
planning of social/economic development in Volgograd Oblast. In addition, there is a need for
continual monitoring of strategic forecasts and adjustment of the plan for further development
in the region by reference to changes in society. A key issue is the mismatch between the
theoretical foundations of the strategy for innovation-driven development and the actual
situation within the economic and social spheres in a particular region. Therefore, it may help
to focus on optimizing the system of strategic planning of innovation-driven development and
regional administration. With that said, the implementation of ‘The Strategy for Innovation
Development in the Russian Federation through to 2020’ ought to be predicated on principles
of social partnership to ensure the maximum accommodation of the interests of the various
strata in Russian society, facilitation of the development of innovation practices in present-
day Russian regions, and cultivation of social responsibility in entities within the three key
spheres – the nation’s civil society, government, and business sector.
4. CONCLUSION
Against a backdrop of the region’s low levels of innovation potential, poorly developed
public-private partnership sector, and deficient democratic culture (at the level of both the
government and society), Volgograd Oblast is currently characterized by the paternalist
variant for the institutionalization of innovation practices. The region still has some barriers
impeding the diffusion of new technology and innovation practices. There are issues with
interaction between the government and the business sector in the area of development of
innovation policy, with proper preconditions for innovation-driven development having yet to
be formed in the region.
An analysis of social/economic development in the region indicates that in this situation it
may help to employ, alongside the results-oriented one, the partnership-based approach,
8. Ekaterina Vasilieva, Elena Danilova and Natalia Skobelina
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 284 editor@iaeme.com
which implies cultivating effective two-way communication via the conduct of referendums
and mobile surveys on relevant issues faced by Volgograd Oblast residents and introduction
of new forms of interaction between the government, civil society institutions, and business
establishments. A keen focus ought to be on engaging social subjects in the discussion of
social/economic issues of various levels and boosting innovation activity in businesses. Only
this will enable the shift from the paternalist to the partnership-based system of
institutionalization of innovation practices in regions as a whole and in Volgograd Oblast in
particular. At the moment, Volgograd Oblast is characterized by uneven innovation activity.
However, there is sound potential for galvanizing innovation, which should help boost
people’s quality of life. It is worth keeping in mind that successful social/economic
development in Volgograd Oblast requires more than just boosts in people’s income – the
region will need to, above all, focus on fostering the reproduction of its human capital to
ensure boosts in people’s standard of living as a whole. Ultimately, success in resolving
economic regional issues will depend on the business sector, while social issues could be
resolved through stimulating the implementation of various projects, fostering
entrepreneurship and production, developing a favorable infrastructure, stepping up funding,
attracting new human resources, and creating training centers.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This work was produced as part of Research Project No. 17-13-34010, ‘The Resource
Potential of Nonprofit Organizations in the Sphere of Social Entrepreneurship’, with financial
support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and the Administration of Volgograd
Oblast. Contacts with project coordinators: Ekaterina Vasilieva (vasilevaen@volsu.ru),
Elena Danilova (danilovaelena@volsu.ru), Natalia Skobelina (volnatmax@volsu.ru).
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