Status of ICT structure, infrastructure and applications existed to manage and disseminate information and knowledge of Plant Genetic Resources Innovations Information in the Region: Lebanon
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Status of ICT structure, infrastructure and applications existed to manage and disseminate information and knowledge of Plant Genetic Resources Innovations Information in the Region: Lebanon. © FAO: http://www.fao.org
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Network Diagram of a company ABCD Roshan basnet it 29
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1. What is IT infrastructure and what are its components2.What ar.pdf
1. What is IT infrastructure and what are its components?
2.What are the stages and technology drivers of IT infrastructure evolution?
3. What are the current trends in computer hardware platforms? Describe the evolving mobile
platform, grid computing, and cloud computing
4. What are the current trends in software platforms? Define and describe open source software
and Linux and explain their business benefits.
5.What are the challenges of managing IT infrastructure and management solutions? Name and
describe the management challenges posed by IT infrastructure
Solution
1.IT infrastructure is defined as a shared technology resources which is sum of all free and
licensed system software,third party services,owned or leased equipment that provide the
platform for the firm’s specific information system applications. IT infrastructure includes
hardware, software, and services that are shared across the entire firm.
2.The stages of IT infrastructure evolutions is began on the year 1930 and still it is continuing.
Electronic Accounting Machine-(1930-1950)->This era is began to replace Human effort from
accounting work.Machine started doing accounting and finance work effectivly and much more
errorfree than Human.
General-Purpose mainframe and minicomputer Era(1959-continuing)->This era has been started
by IBM, And it still persist in the position of supplying mainframe computer.Mainframe
computers are centralized computing with networks of terminal concentrated in the computing
department.In the mean while early models contained proprietary software and data.Mainframe
comuters able to process a wide variety of software and data ,It could able to process huge
amounts of data and transmission.
Personal Computer Era(1980 to Present)->Personal computers make a boom in both Home and
corporate sector .Personal computer makers like Microsoft and Apple take forward the evolution
by providing Desktops and Laptops which doubles the User effort.
Client/Server Era(1983 to Present)->as the desktop and laptop personal computers became more
powerful and cheaper, businesses began using them to replace mini-computers and some
mainframe computers by networking them together. Think of an octopus, with the body
representing the server and the tentacles representing the clients. At the heart of every network is
a server. It can be a mainframe, midrange, minicomputer, workstation, or a souped-up personal
computer.The client computer is the node on the network that users need to access and process
transactions and data through the network. Rather than one server trying to do it all, each server
is assigned a specific task on an application server.
Enterprise Internet computing Era(1992 to Present)->Perhaps no other era has seen the explosive
growth in functionality and popularity as this era. The problems created by proprietary, closed
systems are being solved by the standards and open-source software created in this era. The
promise of truly integrated hardware, softwar.
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- DNS translates domain names to IP addresses so web browsers can load internet resources by interacting with DNS servers.
- An IP address is a unique string of numbers that identifies devices on a network or the internet.
- TCP is a connection-oriented protocol that provides reliable data delivery and error checking, while UDP is connectionless and does not guarantee delivery.
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Security threats and countermeasure in 3 g network
3G networks provide mobile users with wireless broadband internet access and international roaming capabilities, allowing services like video calling and multimedia messaging at data rates up to 2 Mbps. However, 3G networks have limited radio resources and complex signaling procedures for managing resources, making traffic handling and security threats more serious issues. Potential security threats in 3G networks include abnormal resource consumption of user equipment and the mobile network from continuous communication with malicious hosts, as well as abnormal termination of connected services from distributed denial-of-service attacks overloading the network. Countermeasures proposed include systems for detecting and controlling abnormal traffic and monitoring user equipment resources.
Global Soil Spectral Library, A global reference, spectral library and conver...
http://www.fao.org/globalsoilpartnership
This presentation was made during the GSP/E-SOTER Global Soil Information workshop that took place at the FAO HQ, Rome , Italy from 20-23 March 2012. This presentation was made on the third day, and it presents Global Soil Spectral Library.
©FAO: http://www.fao.org
Network Diagram of a company ABCD Roshan basnet it 29
AUSTECH pharmaceutical company is planning to expand its operations by opening a new branch office. It wants to centralize its servers in the head office located in North Sydney to manage the network infrastructure across locations. The key servers implemented include a domain controller, print server, proxy server, and exchange server. The company will apply the same network design at the new branch but update devices as needed. It has identified various IT and disaster recovery risks and developed contingency plans to address threats that could disrupt operations.
1. What is IT infrastructure and what are its components2.What ar.pdf
1. What is IT infrastructure and what are its components?
2.What are the stages and technology drivers of IT infrastructure evolution?
3. What are the current trends in computer hardware platforms? Describe the evolving mobile
platform, grid computing, and cloud computing
4. What are the current trends in software platforms? Define and describe open source software
and Linux and explain their business benefits.
5.What are the challenges of managing IT infrastructure and management solutions? Name and
describe the management challenges posed by IT infrastructure
Solution
1.IT infrastructure is defined as a shared technology resources which is sum of all free and
licensed system software,third party services,owned or leased equipment that provide the
platform for the firm’s specific information system applications. IT infrastructure includes
hardware, software, and services that are shared across the entire firm.
2.The stages of IT infrastructure evolutions is began on the year 1930 and still it is continuing.
Electronic Accounting Machine-(1930-1950)->This era is began to replace Human effort from
accounting work.Machine started doing accounting and finance work effectivly and much more
errorfree than Human.
General-Purpose mainframe and minicomputer Era(1959-continuing)->This era has been started
by IBM, And it still persist in the position of supplying mainframe computer.Mainframe
computers are centralized computing with networks of terminal concentrated in the computing
department.In the mean while early models contained proprietary software and data.Mainframe
comuters able to process a wide variety of software and data ,It could able to process huge
amounts of data and transmission.
Personal Computer Era(1980 to Present)->Personal computers make a boom in both Home and
corporate sector .Personal computer makers like Microsoft and Apple take forward the evolution
by providing Desktops and Laptops which doubles the User effort.
Client/Server Era(1983 to Present)->as the desktop and laptop personal computers became more
powerful and cheaper, businesses began using them to replace mini-computers and some
mainframe computers by networking them together. Think of an octopus, with the body
representing the server and the tentacles representing the clients. At the heart of every network is
a server. It can be a mainframe, midrange, minicomputer, workstation, or a souped-up personal
computer.The client computer is the node on the network that users need to access and process
transactions and data through the network. Rather than one server trying to do it all, each server
is assigned a specific task on an application server.
Enterprise Internet computing Era(1992 to Present)->Perhaps no other era has seen the explosive
growth in functionality and popularity as this era. The problems created by proprietary, closed
systems are being solved by the standards and open-source software created in this era. The
promise of truly integrated hardware, softwar.
Chapter 7 - Resource Monitoring & Management.ppt
Bandwidth management is the process of efficiently allocating bandwidth resources on a network. It involves monitoring network traffic, creating acceptable usage policies, and implementing tools to ensure policies are followed and bandwidth is used properly. Key aspects of bandwidth management include monitoring network traffic, establishing policies for acceptable usage, and using firewalls, traffic shapers, caching, and other tools to implement policies and prioritize critical applications. Other topics covered include file servers, mail servers, network printers, and remote administration.
Network Monitoring Tools
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The document provides information on various networking concepts:
- A switch connects multiple devices on a local network, while a router connects separate networks and forwards data between them. A firewall acts as a security barrier between a local network and the internet.
- DNS translates domain names to IP addresses so web browsers can load internet resources by interacting with DNS servers.
- An IP address is a unique string of numbers that identifies devices on a network or the internet.
- TCP is a connection-oriented protocol that provides reliable data delivery and error checking, while UDP is connectionless and does not guarantee delivery.
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IT 640
December 2, 2018
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Running head: 9-1 FINAL PROJECT SUBMISSION NETWORK ANALYSIS AND
1
9-1 FINAL PROJECT SUBMISSION NETWORK ANALYSIS AND
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9-1 Final Project Submission Network Analysis and Architecture Evaluation
Introduction
SNHUEnergy is an organization which operates in the US, it is a medium sized organization with 110 employees and operates in Memphis and Dallas. The organization is looking forward to expanding its communication reach. This paper will analyze the current network architecture to determine the important changes which ought to be done to prepare the organization for future growth. This paper will also evaluate the traffic patterns to determine the critical aspects of the organization.
Network Applications
As seen from physical design diagram, Memphis location is the smallest location with only 30 employees, Memphis Local Area Connection deals with operations and billing. In addition to this, the Memphis location has two servers only; one for operation and one billing. Two work-stations are also available which are for video conferencing, and VOIP Phone system. Also, in this workstation, there is one router and one switch. The router is used to connect to the Dallas office remotely.
The Dallas office is the largest location with 90+ employees. The location handles four applications which are Payroll, HR, Accounting, and Email. There is a total of three workstations with four servers. The first server is an email server, the second server hosts payroll, accounting, and HR applications, and the other two are one for Video conferencing and another one for VOIP system. Lastly, Dallas location is equipped with one router, two switches, and one firewall.
Key Components with the appropriate OSI Network Layer
The table below identifies the key components with the appropriate OSI network layer:
Table 1: Key components with the appropriate OSI network layer
Email
SMTP
Application Layer of the OSI model
Stand Alone Applications such as HR/Payroll/ Accounting
SET, SSL
Session Layer/Network layer/ Application Layer/ Transport Layer
VOIP
TCP/IP
Network layer/ Transport Layer
File Transfer
TCP/IP
Network layer/ Transport Layer
Video conferencing
TCP/IP
Network Layer/ Transport Layer (Kenyon, 2016)
Role and Functions of the Key Components
There three components that have been utilized and are described below:
· Router: Router is one of the networking devices which is used to forward data packets in a computer network. A router is used to perform traffic directing functions. The Dallas router is used to connect the whole organization to the wide area network. The two routers are dynamic routers which are designed to discover routes automatically.
· Firewall: One firewall has been utilized in this scenario. The major role of the firewall is to protect the organization from threats and Denial of Service type of attac.
NETWORKING, COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS AND SCADA
Networking allows computers and devices to communicate and share resources through interconnected communication channels. A network's performance is measured in bits per second. VLANs allow hosts to communicate as if on the same broadcast domain even if not on the same switch. Switches use MAC addresses to forward frames while routers use addresses to determine a packet's destination and direct it accordingly. The proposed network layout for ONGC improves redundancy, controls data flow, reduces load, and serves as a backup in case of failures.
NETWORKING, COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS AND SCADA
Networking allows computers and devices to communicate and share resources through interconnected communication channels. A network's performance is measured in bits per second. VLANs allow hosts to communicate as if on the same broadcast domain even if not on the same switch. Switches use MAC addresses to forward frames while routers use addresses and routing tables to direct packets between networks. The proposed network layout for ONGC improves redundancy, controls data flow, and reduces load compared to the old network.
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Computer Networks and Topologies.pptx
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Onubha brochure
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Power Point Lesson 01
A computer is an electronic device that receives data, processes it, stores the results, and produces an output. Early computers were large machines but computers now come in various sizes from supercomputers to microcomputers like desktop, laptop, and tablet computers. Computers are integrated into networks to allow sharing of data and resources within an organization using intranets or between organizations using the internet or extranets.
Lecture 1 -_overview_of_the_internet-1-
The document provides an overview of key concepts related to the internet. It discusses internet infrastructure including autonomous systems, points of presence, and peering points. It also covers common internet access methods like dial-up, DSL, cable, and T1/DS1. Internet service providers are defined and their role in connecting users to the internet is explained. Uniform resource locators and how web browsers work to access URLs is summarized. The differences between internet, intranet and extranet are briefly outlined.
Lecture 1 -_overview_of_the_internet-1-
The document provides an overview of key concepts related to the internet:
- It describes internet infrastructure including autonomous systems, points of presence, and peering points. Common access methods include dial-up, DSL, cable, and T1 lines.
- Internet service providers (ISPs) provide physical connections and address space to access the internet. Uniform resource locators (URLs) specify addresses for internet resources.
- The differences between internet, intranet, and extranet are defined in terms of private vs public access to network resources.
Artificial Intelligence in Computer Networks
The document discusses artificial intelligence (AI) in computer networks. It defines AI and describes its goals of creating intelligent machines. It then discusses how AI is being applied in computer networks to manage, maintain, and protect networks intelligently. Specific applications of AI in networks mentioned include using the cloud, storing and analyzing large amounts of data quickly, and providing fast network speeds. AI is also being used for network security through intelligent firewalls and intrusion detection. The document concludes by discussing the pros and cons of using AI in computer networks.
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Transforming to Enable 5G
In these slides, you will be able to learn about what we will need to do in order to enable 5G and how open source can help accelerate that transformation.
Problem solving in C.ppt
Computers play an important role in problem solving. We communicate with a computer through some programming language. But before we start the programming, the problem to be solved requires some analysis.
Steps in Problem Solving:
Studying the problem in detail.
Understand carefully the given input and what input and what output is required. Also identify the conditions and constraints to be used.
Generating various methods of solution of the given problem.
Selecting the method which is considered to be best.
Preparing sequential steps for determining the solution.
Write a program to compute the results as using a computer and get the results.
An Algorithm is a finite sequence of well defined steps for solving a problem.
The most fundamental concept in computer science is the algorithm. An algorithm is a step-by- step procedure for solving a problem.
An algorithm has five important features:
Inputs: An algorithm may specify the quantities which are to be read.
Outputs: An algorithm must specify the quantities which are to be displayed or printed.
Definiteness: Each instruction must be clear and unambiguous.
Finiteness: An algorithm should be terminated after finite number of steps.
Effectiveness: An algorithm must be effective which means that all operations are executable.
Searching
E-mail service
Commercial Services
Electronic books & Publication
Video Conferencing
Sharing data and results quickly
Retrieving files & Program of all types
Find information databases and tutorials
News paper columns
Banking
Downloading / Uploading any information
News, sports, stocks, music etc.
Use of internet in various fields like education, Business, governance, etc.
And many more ………………..
Basic concept of Computer networks
Basic concept of Computer networks and
distributed systems, Goals of networking, General approaches of communication
within a network, Network classification, Uses & Network Softwares.
City of Geel Case Study
With insight from ExtraHop, the six-person IT team at Geel has correlated, cross-tier visibility across all applications and systems, both on-premises and in the cloud.
Harmonizing of Open Source Networking
Presentation at the 2017 Open Networking Summit by Madam Yang Zhiqiang, Deputy General Manager, China Mobile
Digital Global Systems Inc.
DGS has developed innovative spectrum analysis software and networked monitoring platforms that can automatically analyze complex spectral environments. This provides greater visibility into wireless networks and detects issues like interference faster than existing manual solutions. DGS focuses on markets like telecom, transportation, public safety, and government where demand for wireless access is growing exponentially and efficient spectrum management is critical.
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Introduction
SNHUEnergy is an organization which operates in the US, it is a medium sized organization with 110 employees and operates in Memphis and Dallas. The organization is looking forward to expanding its communication reach. This paper will analyze the current network architecture to determine the important changes which ought to be done to prepare the organization for future growth. This paper will also evaluate the traffic patterns to determine the critical aspects of the organization.
Network Applications
As seen from physical design diagram, Memphis location is the smallest location with only 30 employees, Memphis Local Area Connection deals with operations and billing. In addition to this, the Memphis location has two servers only; one for operation and one billing. Two work-stations are also available which are for video conferencing, and VOIP Phone system. Also, in this workstation, there is one router and one switch. The router is used to connect to the Dallas office remotely.
The Dallas office is the largest location with 90+ employees. The location handles four applications which are Payroll, HR, Accounting, and Email. There is a total of three workstations with four servers. The first server is an email server, the second server hosts payroll, accounting, and HR applications, and the other two are one for Video conferencing and another one for VOIP system. Lastly, Dallas location is equipped with one router, two switches, and one firewall.
Key Components with the appropriate OSI Network Layer
The table below identifies the key components with the appropriate OSI network layer:
Table 1: Key components with the appropriate OSI network layer
Email
SMTP
Application Layer of the OSI model
Stand Alone Applications such as HR/Payroll/ Accounting
SET, SSL
Session Layer/Network layer/ Application Layer/ Transport Layer
VOIP
TCP/IP
Network layer/ Transport Layer
File Transfer
TCP/IP
Network layer/ Transport Layer
Video conferencing
TCP/IP
Network Layer/ Transport Layer (Kenyon, 2016)
Role and Functions of the Key Components
There three components that have been utilized and are described below:
· Router: Router is one of the networking devices which is used to forward data packets in a computer network. A router is used to perform traffic directing functions. The Dallas router is used to connect the whole organization to the wide area network. The two routers are dynamic routers which are designed to discover routes automatically.
· Firewall: One firewall has been utilized in this scenario. The major role of the firewall is to protect the organization from threats and Denial of Service type of attac.
NETWORKING, COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS AND SCADA
Networking allows computers and devices to communicate and share resources through interconnected communication channels. A network's performance is measured in bits per second. VLANs allow hosts to communicate as if on the same broadcast domain even if not on the same switch. Switches use MAC addresses to forward frames while routers use addresses to determine a packet's destination and direct it accordingly. The proposed network layout for ONGC improves redundancy, controls data flow, reduces load, and serves as a backup in case of failures.
NETWORKING, COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS AND SCADA
Networking allows computers and devices to communicate and share resources through interconnected communication channels. A network's performance is measured in bits per second. VLANs allow hosts to communicate as if on the same broadcast domain even if not on the same switch. Switches use MAC addresses to forward frames while routers use addresses and routing tables to direct packets between networks. The proposed network layout for ONGC improves redundancy, controls data flow, and reduces load compared to the old network.
Information technologies used in “swordfish”
The document discusses various information technologies used in the 2001 film "Swordfish" including multiscreen systems, supercomputers, radio dog collars, servers, the internet, ciphering technology, computer worms, and transatlantic telecommunication cables. Multiscreen systems use multiple displays to increase productivity. Supercomputers have many dedicated processors that work together to solve complex problems. Radio dog collars track animals using radio frequencies. Servers respond to client requests over a network. The internet connects billions of devices globally using TCP/IP. Ciphering technology encrypts information for security. Computer worms can control devices remotely and spread via email. Undersea cables transmit data across the Atlantic Ocean for financial transactions.
Introduction to internet
The document provides an introduction to the Internet, describing its origins from ARPANET and how it functions as a network of interconnected computer networks that allows users to access data remotely. It discusses that the Internet relies on protocols like TCP/IP to allow different systems to communicate and that no single organization owns or governs the Internet, with responsibilities divided among groups that set standards, discuss technical issues, and provide registration services. It also outlines some basic requirements to connect to the Internet like a modem, ISP, and special programs to control communication of data over hardware components.
Computer Networks and Topologies.pptx
A computer network connects two or more computers together allowing them to share resources. It can be defined as connecting computer systems through a medium, whether wired or wireless. Networks provide advantages like easy communication, resource sharing, and security controls for authorized users. However, networks also have disadvantages such as high costs to build and manage, security threats from hackers, and the risk that a file server breakdown disables the whole network. Networks can be classified based on their transmission medium, size, management structure, and topology. Common types include personal area networks, local area networks, metropolitan area networks, and wide area networks.
Onubha brochure
The document discusses how life has become more dependent on internet-connected devices and online services. It introduces Onubha as a communications gateway that can manage internet traffic, content delivery, security, and infrastructure resources. Onubha's components include a deep packet analyzer, bandwidth controller, firewall, SMS and voice capabilities. It aims to help organizations navigate the changing context of digital communications.
Power Point Lesson 01
A computer is an electronic device that receives data, processes it, stores the results, and produces an output. Early computers were large machines but computers now come in various sizes from supercomputers to microcomputers like desktop, laptop, and tablet computers. Computers are integrated into networks to allow sharing of data and resources within an organization using intranets or between organizations using the internet or extranets.
Lecture 1 -_overview_of_the_internet-1-
The document provides an overview of key concepts related to the internet. It discusses internet infrastructure including autonomous systems, points of presence, and peering points. It also covers common internet access methods like dial-up, DSL, cable, and T1/DS1. Internet service providers are defined and their role in connecting users to the internet is explained. Uniform resource locators and how web browsers work to access URLs is summarized. The differences between internet, intranet and extranet are briefly outlined.
Lecture 1 -_overview_of_the_internet-1-
The document provides an overview of key concepts related to the internet:
- It describes internet infrastructure including autonomous systems, points of presence, and peering points. Common access methods include dial-up, DSL, cable, and T1 lines.
- Internet service providers (ISPs) provide physical connections and address space to access the internet. Uniform resource locators (URLs) specify addresses for internet resources.
- The differences between internet, intranet, and extranet are defined in terms of private vs public access to network resources.
Artificial Intelligence in Computer Networks
The document discusses artificial intelligence (AI) in computer networks. It defines AI and describes its goals of creating intelligent machines. It then discusses how AI is being applied in computer networks to manage, maintain, and protect networks intelligently. Specific applications of AI in networks mentioned include using the cloud, storing and analyzing large amounts of data quickly, and providing fast network speeds. AI is also being used for network security through intelligent firewalls and intrusion detection. The document concludes by discussing the pros and cons of using AI in computer networks.
Study of Application of RFID in developing a Automated System for Quality Man...
This document describes a study on applying RFID technology to develop an automated quality management system. It details the hardware and software components used, including RFID tags, sensors, Raspberry Pi, and various programming languages. The system is intended to automate office management tasks like access control and device monitoring to improve efficiency.
Transforming to Enable 5G
In these slides, you will be able to learn about what we will need to do in order to enable 5G and how open source can help accelerate that transformation.
Problem solving in C.ppt
Computers play an important role in problem solving. We communicate with a computer through some programming language. But before we start the programming, the problem to be solved requires some analysis.
Steps in Problem Solving:
Studying the problem in detail.
Understand carefully the given input and what input and what output is required. Also identify the conditions and constraints to be used.
Generating various methods of solution of the given problem.
Selecting the method which is considered to be best.
Preparing sequential steps for determining the solution.
Write a program to compute the results as using a computer and get the results.
An Algorithm is a finite sequence of well defined steps for solving a problem.
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Status of ICT structure, infrastructure and applications existed to manage and disseminate information and knowledge of Plant Genetic Resources Innovations Information in the Region: Lebanon
- 1. ICT Infrastructure in L.A.R.I Prepared by Mohammad Zein Al-Deen 29/8/2014
- 2. LARI is a governmental organization under Minister of Agriculture Supervision. The institute conducts applied and basic scientific research for the development and advancement of the agricultural sector in Lebanon. In addition, the Institute keeps close ties to the farmers and tries to develop research activities aiming at solving their problems. The LARI has at its disposal eight experimental stations
- 3. 3 Main Servers. Fiber Optic Network Connect 5 buildings Together. 60 network users and we can have more with internet service for 30 users. 75 computers (desktops & Laptop). Peripherals like printer , scanners, special tools for researches like temperature sensors etc…. Network of agro-meteo stations covers big range of Lebanon area. Software's (operating system, office applications , SMS service, website and special applications for administration and accounting departments according to their needs.
- 4. We have 3 servers. Main server has the domain controler ( users , computers , remote access and privilages in the network. 2nd server f or applications and backups. 3rd for internet service using proxy server and ISA Server in order to manage internet providing in the network
- 6. Network that connect 5 buildings of Talamara station to gather through a fiber optic cables installed under the ground, main switch at the administration building and one switch for every building. 90 network output (most off offices and labs have one or more network output and we can manage more according to our needs) Internet service with speed of 4 mbps down and 2 mbps up shared over 30 users we manage to have one internet access in each department and lab
- 7. The website is www.lari.gov.lb . Email domain service with gmail support up to 50 users : Lari@lari.gov.lb Sms service with daily information for farmers about weather , plant deceases , etc.. that help them managing and improving their crops. We have 4013 registered farmers and the service is free for all farmers.
- 11. 11 • Number of Weather stations till today:58 • 50 stations for LARI and 8 stations from ministries, private companies and other.. Internet Database Web- Brows er iMetos Concept GPRS GPRS GPRS GPRS Acces s to one or more statio ns! Farmer, Consult ant, Farm chemic al supplie r etc. FieldClimat e web site
- 13. Different operating system (win 98, win xp, vista, win7 and win8) the windows server used is win server 2003. Applications : Office applications like Microsoft office , pdf reader … special programs for administration and accounting department. other applications like autocad , google earth , SAS, etc….