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【創業知識庫】募資、估值是一門藝術
撰文者:台灣經濟研究院研究三所林佳靜副所長、王俐几助理研究員
【說給你聽,國內新創的資金來源與用途】
新創的資金主要來源為自有資金與親友借貸,此外,將近三成的獲投資金來源為天
使投資人
新創認為透過人脈介紹、加速器/育成中心的引介是可以成功募資的兩大管道
募集資金的三大用途:進行產品/服務開發、擴張市場行銷、擴大人才招募
【新創準備募資的挑戰】
26%募資條件的談判/協商
24%進行企業估值的計算
17%公司現階段的營收狀況
【募資的本質】
募資對於新創與投資人來說,是一種交易關係。新創以股權交換投資人的資金,而投
資人將評估新創所可能帶來的潛在獲利空間決定投資與否。股權對投資人來說除了投
資報酬率的連結之外,還隱含了對企業的參與權、控制權。
投資人怎麼想=>找到有潛力及優質的標的,並且以較低的價格進場投資
新創怎麼想=>希望為自己的產品/服務找到願意付高價的投資者,同時募資的相關
條件越寬鬆越好
【情投意合後,企業價值該如何討論】
當新創與投資人於募資簡報場合情投意合後
,
下一個階段便是決定「價錢」
(投資規模)
,
而企業價值就是決定這個價錢的重要指標。一般來說,企業估值包括有形與無形的資
產,以及未來可能創造的價值,常見的估值計算方法有資產法、市場法及收益法,有
些方法強調質化項目的評估,有些則重視財務數據的表現,這些面向都與新創所處的
階段有所關聯,新創應依據自身的發展階段與評估重點選擇適合的計算方法。
【計算估值前,must do!】
計算估值以前,新創企業內部需要進行一些研究調查工作:
辨識企業發展階段與成熟度
完整的財務報表系統與數字管理能力
檢視財務數字合理性與營運計畫之關聯性
了解估值的計算方法,建立財務管理觀念
釐清估值目的與用途,推算合理的估值數字
既然估值是投資人與新創談判價錢時重要的參考依據,為了要讓估值的可信度提升,
新創企業必須完成前述的幾項功課,培養企業經營的規劃與財務管理的能力,才能有
效檢視企業自身的狀態、提出合理的估值數字!
【筆記筆記,快來找你的創業神隊友】
📝 2021 中小及新創企業財務資源應用手冊
電子書線上看:https://pse.is/3at8rg
手冊完整下載:https://pse.is/3bdayr
📝 早期資金資訊平台 https://findit.org.tw/
📝 新創圓夢網,找資金 https://sme.moeasmea.gov.tw/startup/modules/funding/index.php
ⓒ如要轉載本文,請以連結形式註明文章來源(如:本文轉載自《新創圓夢網》)

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