Ponds are smaller bodies of standing freshwater than lakes. They are often shallow and contain plants, algae, and small aquatic animals. Ponds provide habitat for species like frogs, turtles, and fish. While ponds can be naturally occurring, human activities like roads and overgrazing can negatively impact ponds. The design of a pond determines what wildlife it will support. Ponds are used for aesthetic, agricultural, and wildlife purposes.
A presentation for Marine Biology about Estuaries which includes its origin, classifications, types, physical characteristics, ecosystems, and human impact. Examples of estuaries are also included in this presentation.
A presentation for Marine Biology about Estuaries which includes its origin, classifications, types, physical characteristics, ecosystems, and human impact. Examples of estuaries are also included in this presentation.
The Estuarine System consists of deepwater tidal habitats and adjacent tidal wetlands that are usually semienclosed by land but have open, partly obstructed, or sporadic access to the open ocean, and in which ocean water is at least occasionally diluted by freshwater runoff from the land. The salinity may be periodically increased above that of the open ocean by evaporation. Along some low-energy coastlines there is appreciable dilution of sea water. Offshore areas with typical estuarine plants and animals, such as red mangroves (Rhizophora mangle) and eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica), are also included in the Estuarine System.
Freshwater Ecosystems include standing water or lentic such as lakes, ponds, marshes and wet lands, and the flowing water or lotic such as spring, streams and rivers. This ecosystem is normally of very low salinity usually between 15 to 30 ppt. They are highly variable and their characteristics depend upon the surrounding geology, land use and pollution levels.
It is my academic presentation file which I presented with my friend in the last semester exam. It describe the major estuaries in Bangladesh. Also input these estuaries geographical location , characteristics , physio - chemical parameters , species abundance ,importance etc. ...
An estuary is a semi-enclosed coastal body of water which has a free connection with the open sea and within which sea water mixes with fresh water. This module highlights the details of estuaries as one of the productive coastal ecosystems.
The Estuarine System consists of deepwater tidal habitats and adjacent tidal wetlands that are usually semienclosed by land but have open, partly obstructed, or sporadic access to the open ocean, and in which ocean water is at least occasionally diluted by freshwater runoff from the land. The salinity may be periodically increased above that of the open ocean by evaporation. Along some low-energy coastlines there is appreciable dilution of sea water. Offshore areas with typical estuarine plants and animals, such as red mangroves (Rhizophora mangle) and eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica), are also included in the Estuarine System.
Freshwater Ecosystems include standing water or lentic such as lakes, ponds, marshes and wet lands, and the flowing water or lotic such as spring, streams and rivers. This ecosystem is normally of very low salinity usually between 15 to 30 ppt. They are highly variable and their characteristics depend upon the surrounding geology, land use and pollution levels.
It is my academic presentation file which I presented with my friend in the last semester exam. It describe the major estuaries in Bangladesh. Also input these estuaries geographical location , characteristics , physio - chemical parameters , species abundance ,importance etc. ...
An estuary is a semi-enclosed coastal body of water which has a free connection with the open sea and within which sea water mixes with fresh water. This module highlights the details of estuaries as one of the productive coastal ecosystems.
Lakes are helpful in controlling weather and local climate. Lakes are helpful for creating irrigation facilities and recreation. In some places, lakes are good sources for water supply for drinking. Every lake, is unique in terms of its size, morphometry, water availability, water chemistry, physics, hydrology and biology. There are several type, kinds and categories of lakes in the world.
Introduction, Models, Types of estuaries on the basis of origin; Salinity condition or freshwater discharge; Circulation; Estuaries in India; Estuaries as ecosystem; Why are estuaries important; Threats ;How can we help to protect them; Conclusion.
Lakes and ponds are bodies of relatively still, or standing, water.
Although no definite size distinguishes a lake from a pond, lakes generally are larger and deeper than ponds.
Water enters lakes from streams and rivers, by rain or snow falling on or near the depression, and from groundwater.
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The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
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Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Sruthy powerpoint
1.
2. Pond is a body of standing water.
Either natural or artificial.
Ponds are smaller then lake.
Usually they contain shallow water, marshes and aquatic plants
and animals.
Water lillies frog and turtles.
Decaying plants- invertrebrates- wetland species(fish, diagonfiles
Algae form food web
bodies of water where light penetrates to the bottom of the
water body
Ramsar wetland conservation sets the upper limit for pond
size is 8 hecters
pond can resuly from a wide range of natural proces.
An depression in the ground which collets and retain a sufficient
amount of preciptations can be considerd as pond.
3. Conservation and management
ponds, being small are easly distributed by human
activity such as hikers.
Roads near ponds can kill large number of amphibians
and turtle
Although ponds are a useful source of water for cattle,
overgrazing and wading can turn a pond into a muddy
hole.
Many well intentioned people introduce fish to pond ,
being unware that some species of fish eat aquatic plants
and invertribates.
The design of a pond determines how productive it will
be for wild life.
6. Fish pond: commercial fish breeding
Solar pond: store thermal energy
Vernal pond: dry up for part of the year. Naturally
occuring vernal pond do not have fish.
Treatment pond : constructed to treat lightly polluted
water or waste water
7. USES
Production of foods and wild life
Source for humans and as well as an important source of
recreation
Help in maitaining water quality by recycling nutrients
Hindu temples usually have a pond nearby so that
pilgrims can take baths.
In agricultural treatment pond may reduce nutrients
released downstream from the pond.
They may also provide irrigation reservoires at times of
drought.
8. Lakes lie on land and are not part of the ocean and therefore are distinct
from lagoons and are also larger and deeper than ponds though there
are no official or scientific definitions
Lakes lie on land and are not part of the ocean and therefore are
distinct from lagoons and are also larger and deeper than ponds.
limnologists have defined lakes as water bodies which are simply
a larger version of a pond, which can have wave action on the
shoreline or where wind-induced turbulence plays a major role in
mixing the water column.
Many lakes are artificial and are constructed for industrial or agricultural
use, for hydro-electric power generation or domestic water supply.
I t for aesthetic or recreational purposes.
9. Characteristics of lake are the following
•It partially or totally fills one or several basins connected by straits
•It has essentially the same water level in all parts (except for
relatively short-lived variations caused by wind, varying ice cover, large
inflows, etc.)
•it does not have regular intrusion of water a considerable portion
of the sediment suspended in the water is captured by the basins (for
this to happen they need to have a sufficiently small inflow-to-volume
ratio)
•the area measured at the mean water level exceeds an arbitrarily
chosen threshold
10. Distribution of lakes
Most lakes have at least one natural outflow in the form of a river
or stream .
which maintains a lake's average level by allowing the drainage of
excess water.
Some lakes do not have a natural outflow and lose water solely by
evaporation or underground seepage or both. They are termed
endorheic lakes.
Many lakes are artificial and are constructed for hydro-electric
power generation, aesthetic purposes, recreational purposes,
industrial use, agricultural use or domestic water supply.
Evidence of extraterrestrial lakes exists; "definitive evidence of
lakes filled with methane was announced by NASA as returned
by the Cassini Probe observing the moon Titan which orbits the
planet Saturn
11. Types of lakes
Artificial lake A lake created by flooding land behind a dam called
an impoundment or reservoir by deliberate human excavation, or
by the flooding of an excavation incident to a mineral-extraction
operation such as an open pit mineor quarry
Fjord lake: A lake in a glacially eroded valley that has been eroded below
sea level
Lava lake: A pool of molten lava contained in a volcanic crater or other
depression. Lava lakes that have partly or completely solidified are also
referred to as lava lakes.
Rift lake or sag pond
A lake which forms as a result of subsidence along a geological fault in
the Earth's tectonic plates.
Examples include the Rift Valley lakes of eastern Africa and Lake Baikal
in Siberia.
Underground lake: A lake which is formed under the surface of the
Earth's crust. Such a lake may be associated with cave
12. A river is a natural flowing water courser usually freshwater,
flowing towards an ocean, sea lake or another river.
Some rivers generate brackish water by having their river mouth
in the ocean.. In some cases a river flows into the ground and
becomes dry at the end of its course without reaching another
body of water.
Rivers are part of the hydrological cycle Water generally collects
in a river.
Potamology is the scientific study of rivers while limlogy is the study of
inland waters in general.
Small rivers can be referred to using names such as stream, creek,
brook, rivulet, and rill.
13. Uses
Rivers have been a source of food since pre-history.[18] They can
provide a rich source of fish and other edible aquatic life, and are
a major source of fresh water, which can be used for drinking and
irrigation.
Rivers have been used for navigation for thousands of years. The
earliest evidence of navigation is found in the Indus Valley
Civilization which existed in as a north western Pakistan3300 BC.
Rivers have been used as a source of water, for obtaining food,
for transport defensive measure, as a source of hydro power to
drive machinery, for bathing, and as a means of disposing of
waste.
Fast flowing rivers and waterfalls are widely used as sources of
energy, via watermills and hydroelectric plants
The coarse sediments, gravel and sand generated and moved
by rivers are extensively used in construction
Rivers have been important in determining political boundaries
and defending countries.
14. Management
River management is a continuous activity as rivers tend to 'undo'
the modifications made by people.
Dredged channels silt up, sluice mechanisms deteriorate with
age, levees and dams may suffer seepage or catastrophic failure.
The benefits sought through managing rivers may often be offset
by the social and economic costs of mitigating the bad effects of
such management.
As an example, in parts of the developed world, rivers have been
confined within channels to free up flat flood-plain land for
development.
Floods can inundate such development at high financial cost and
often with loss of life.
Rivers are increasingly managed for habitat conservation as they
are critical for many aquatic and riparian plants, resident and
migratory fishes waterfowl birds of prey migrating birds, and many
mammals.