special education classification of disabilities autism deafness blindness emotional disturbance etc

1. Prepared by: Shazia Minhas
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2. There are various types of disabilities exist in our society. Some of which are as
follows;
 1. . Autism- means developmental disability that
significantly affecting verbal and nonverbal
communication and social interaction.
 2. Deaf-Blindness – Natural causes of disabilities which
exist with the human birth or subsequent event.
 3. Emotional Disturbance - means a condition exhibiting
one or more of the following characteristics over a long
period of time and to a marked degree that adversely
affects a child’s educational performance.
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 4. Intellectual Disabilities - means significantly sub
average general intellectual functioning, existing
concurrently [at the same time] with deficits in adaptive
behavior and manifested during the developmental period,
that adversely affects a child’s educational performance.
 5. . Other Health Impairment - means having limited
strength, vitality, or alertness, including a heightened
alertness to environmental stimuli, that results in limited
alertness with respect to the educational environment.
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 6. Specific Learning Disabilities - means a disorder in
one or more of the basic psychological processes involved
in understanding or in using language, spoken or written,
that may manifest itself in the imperfect ability to listen,
think, speak, read, write, spell, or to do mathematical
calculations.
 7. Speech or Language Impairment - means a
communication disorder such as stuttering, impaired
articulation, a language impairment, or a voice impairment
that adversely affects a child’s educational performance.
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 8. Visual Impairment - means an impairment in vision
that, even with correction, adversely affects a child’s
educational performance. The term includes both partial
sight and blindness.
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6. Second topic
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 1. Communication problems - Effective communication
means that the person, someone communicates with, totally
understands the speaker. Verbal and written messages are
conveyed by means of linguistic systems or symbols, or else
words, which represent a thought, a concept, an object or an
experience.
 2. Slow learners - It is accepted that all children or adults learn
at different rates. Yet, some persons though slow learners do
not have a learning deficiency. Slow-learners fail in their
studies, regardless of the level of education, because of their
low intellectual abilities. They may have a wide range of
abilities and a variety of characteristics depending on their
background.
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8.  3. Learning disabilities- Learning disabilities are problems
that affect the brain’s ability to receive, process, analyze, or
store information. These problems can make it difficult for a
student to learn as quickly as someone who is not affected by
learning disabilities.
 4. Reading skills – This include following;
• Poor reading fluency
• Slow reading rate
• Lack of self-monitoring reading skills
• Poor comprehension and/or retention
• Difficulty identifying important ideas in context
• Extreme difficulty building ideas and images
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