Sharia refers to the religious and moral code of conduct for Muslims based on the Quran and teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. There are primary sources like the Quran and Hadith and secondary sources like consensus and analogy. The five pillars of Islam that all Muslims must follow are the declaration of faith, prayer, alms-giving, fasting during Ramadan, and pilgrimage to Mecca. Marriage and divorce are also governed by Islamic law.

2. Introduction ‘Sharia’
• The term ‘Sharia ’ has been increasingly incorporated
into the English language over recent years. But what
does it actually mean?
• The literal Arabic translation of the term ‘Sharia’ is ‘the
road to the watering place’.
• Which implies ‘the expression of Allah’s command for
Muslim society’.
• The sources of Islamic law mainly consist of primary
and secondary sources.
• The former comprises of the Qur’an and Prophetic
Tradition.

4. Sources of Muslim Law
• The sources of Islamic law mainly consist of
primary and secondary sources.
• Primary sources are the sources that the
Prophet Mohammad has directed. These are to
be followed in their respective order of priority.
They are also called formal sources. They deal
with the needs of the Islamic society in the
modern era. Some of the personal rules may
find places in the sources.

6. • Quran(Holy Book)
• Sunnah &
Hadith(Traditions)
• Ijma (Consensus of
opinion )
• Qiyas (It is only accepted
form Ijtihad independent
decision making)
• Customs
• Judicial Decision
• Legislation
• Equity, Justice & Good
Conscience.

8. Five Pillars Of Islam “Sunni’s”
• The Five Pillars of Islam ("pillars of the religion") are
five basic acts in Islam, considered mandatory by
believers and are the foundation of Muslim life. They
are summarized in the famous Hadith of Gabriel.
• They make up Muslim life, prayer, concern for the
needy, self purification and the pilgrimage. They are:
• Shahadah: Declaring there is no god except God, and
Muhammad is God's Messenger
• Salah: Ritual prayer five times a day
• Sawm: Fasting and self-control during the blessed
month of Ramadan

9. • Zakat: Giving 2.5% of one’s savings
to the poor and needy
• Hajj: Pilgrimage to Mecca at least
once in a lifetime.
• The Shia and Sunni both agree on
the essential details for the
performance and practice of these
acts, but the Shia do not refer to them
by the same name.

11. • In addition to these Five Pillars, there are ten
practices that Shia Muslims must perform,
called the Ancillaries of the Faith.
• 1.Salah 2.Sawm 3.Zakat, similar to Sunni Islam,
but only applies to cattle, silver, gold, dates,
raisins, wheat, and barley but not money.
4.Khums: an annual taxation of one-fifth(20%)
of all gain. 5.Hajj 6.Jihad 7.Amr-bil-Maroof
8.Nahi Anil Munkar. 9.Tawalla: expressing love
towards Good. 10.Tabarra: expressing
disassociation and hatred towards Evil.

14. • Walima- Walima or the marriage banquet, is
the second of the two traditional parts of an
Islamic wedding. The walima is performed
after the nikah or marriage ceremony. The
word walima is derived from awlam,
meaning to gather or assemble. While
walima is often used to describe a
celebration of marriage, it is also held to
celebrate the birth of a newborn and the
purchase of a new home.

16. • Marriage is permitted for a man with a chaste woman
either Muslim or from the People of the Book (Jews,
Serbians and Christians) but not to polytheists (or
"idolaters": Yusufali translation or "idolatresses").
• The consent of the woman is only required, if she is not a
virgin and her wali is neither her father nor her paternal
grandfather. But a virgin may not be married off without
her permission and if she is too shy to express her
opinion her silence will be considered as implicit
agreement. The wali who can force a bride against her
outspoken will into marriage is called "wali mujbir".
• If the woman was forced into a marriage, without the
above mentioned conditions, the decision can be
revoked.

18. • If the wife has wealth in her own capacity she is not obliged to spend it
upon the husband or children, as she can own property and assets in
her own right, so the husband has no right for her property and assets
except by her will.
• A pre-marital agreement of the financial expectation from the husband
is in the mahr, given by him to the wife for her exclusive use, which is
included as part of his financial responsibility.
• The husband provides physical and emotional strength, loyalty, sexual
fidelity, and honour.
• In return, the wife is to guard the secrets of her husband, be honorable,
loyal, and conjugally faithful.

20. • Divorce may be instituted unilaterally by the husband. It can
be revocable or irrevocable.
• In a revocable divorce, a waiting period of three menstrual
cycles begins, during which the husband may take back his
wife.
• There are many Hadiths requiring that divorce is not uttered
sequentially three times but separated by a month between
each utterance to provide opportunity for reconciliation.
• Majority of Islamic schools of jurisprudence (fiqh), do not
regard a divorce as valid if this requirement is not followed,
however others such as Hanafi discourage such practice but
accept as binding if a triple divorce is said sequentially at one
time.