1) Dr. Lars Völker presented on communication protocols for Ethernet in vehicles, discussing use cases, requirements, and challenges.
2) A key part of the presentation was an overview of the SOME/IP middleware protocol, which allows applications to communicate over Ethernet and TCP/IP in a way that supports automotive needs like CAN-like communication.
3) Testing complex protocol stacks like SOME/IP presents challenges, requiring support from protocols like the Enhanced Testability Service.
Insights on the Configuration and Performances of SOME/IP Service DiscoveryRealTime-at-Work (RTaW)
Scalable Service-Oriented Middleware on IP (SOME/IP) is a proposal aimed at providing service-oriented communication in vehicles. SOME/IP nodes are able to dynamically discover and subscribe to available services through the SOME/IP Service Discovery protocol (SOME/IP SD). In this context, a key performance criterion to achieve the required responsiveness is the subscription latency that is the time it takes for a client to subscribe to a service. In this paper we provide a recap of SOME/SD and list a number of assumptions based on what we can foresee about the use of SOME/IP in the automotive domain. Then, we identify the factors having an effect on the subscription latency, and, by sensitivity analysis, quantify their importance regarding the worst-case service subscription latency. The analysis and experiments in this study provide practical insights into how to best configure SOME/IP SD protocol.
Scalable Service-Oriented Middleware over IPDai Yang
ABSTRACT
Due to the increased amount of communication in cars, a reliable and easy to use middleware system for automotive applications becomes a popular research field. In this paper, we review a recent approach: the Scalable Service-Oriented Middleware over IP (SOME/IP). We present current tech- nologies and how SOME/IP differs from them. We point out how SOME/IP is ordered into the ISO/OSI layer model and discuss its service orientation. We also present the ad- vantages and disadvantages of SOME/IP. In the end, we analyze its timing behavior and whether it is suitable for automotive software or not.
A network interface controller, commonly known as a NIC, is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a network.
A SmartNIC is a dedicated piece of hardware that can be used to accelerate networking, storage, and security functions. Also, they can perform virtualization, load balancing, and data path optimization.
SmartNICs are equipped with computing power, allowing them to offload all networking functions, security function, and storage functions from the host server to the SmartNIC, freeing up valuable processing power. Freeing up processing power allows the server to focus on running revenue-generating enterprise applications and the OS more efficiently
Insights on the Configuration and Performances of SOME/IP Service DiscoveryRealTime-at-Work (RTaW)
Scalable Service-Oriented Middleware on IP (SOME/IP) is a proposal aimed at providing service-oriented communication in vehicles. SOME/IP nodes are able to dynamically discover and subscribe to available services through the SOME/IP Service Discovery protocol (SOME/IP SD). In this context, a key performance criterion to achieve the required responsiveness is the subscription latency that is the time it takes for a client to subscribe to a service. In this paper we provide a recap of SOME/SD and list a number of assumptions based on what we can foresee about the use of SOME/IP in the automotive domain. Then, we identify the factors having an effect on the subscription latency, and, by sensitivity analysis, quantify their importance regarding the worst-case service subscription latency. The analysis and experiments in this study provide practical insights into how to best configure SOME/IP SD protocol.
Scalable Service-Oriented Middleware over IPDai Yang
ABSTRACT
Due to the increased amount of communication in cars, a reliable and easy to use middleware system for automotive applications becomes a popular research field. In this paper, we review a recent approach: the Scalable Service-Oriented Middleware over IP (SOME/IP). We present current tech- nologies and how SOME/IP differs from them. We point out how SOME/IP is ordered into the ISO/OSI layer model and discuss its service orientation. We also present the ad- vantages and disadvantages of SOME/IP. In the end, we analyze its timing behavior and whether it is suitable for automotive software or not.
A network interface controller, commonly known as a NIC, is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a network.
A SmartNIC is a dedicated piece of hardware that can be used to accelerate networking, storage, and security functions. Also, they can perform virtualization, load balancing, and data path optimization.
SmartNICs are equipped with computing power, allowing them to offload all networking functions, security function, and storage functions from the host server to the SmartNIC, freeing up valuable processing power. Freeing up processing power allows the server to focus on running revenue-generating enterprise applications and the OS more efficiently
Introduction
This Tutorial is On Socket Programming In C Language for Linux. Instructions Give Below will only work On Linux System not in windows.
Socket API In windows is called Winsock and there we can discuss about that in another tutorial.
What is Socket?
Sockets are a method for communication between a client program and a server program in a network.
A socket is defined as "the endpoint in a connection." Sockets are created and used with a set of programming requests or "function calls" sometimes called the sockets application programming interface (API).
The most common sockets API is the Berkeley UNIX C interface for sockets.
Sockets can also be used for communication between processes within the same computer.
Join this video course on Udemy. Click the below link
https://www.udemy.com/mastering-rtos-hands-on-with-freertos-arduino-and-stm32fx/?couponCode=SLIDESHARE
>> The Complete FreeRTOS Course with Programming and Debugging <<
"The Biggest objective of this course is to demystifying RTOS practically using FreeRTOS and STM32 MCUs"
STEP-by-STEP guide to port/run FreeRTOS using development setup which includes,
1) Eclipse + STM32F4xx + FreeRTOS + SEGGER SystemView
2) FreeRTOS+Simulator (For windows)
Demystifying the complete Architecture (ARM Cortex M) related code of FreeRTOS which will massively help you to put this kernel on any target hardware of your choice.
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- Evolution of Voice Call
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- VoLTE Challenges
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In addition, the presenters discuss how recently released MIPI Camera and Display Service Extensions (CSE and DSE) and their associated protocol adaptation layers (PALs) work together to embed functional safety and security enablers natively at the "edge" – ultimately within the sensor, display and ECU components themselves.
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UVM provides the standard structure for creating test-bench and UVCs. The following features are provided by UVM
• Separation of tests from test bench
• Transaction-level communication (TLM)
• Sequences
• Factory and configuration
• Message reporting
• End-of-test mechanism
• Register layer
Facing interviews is both science and an art. Typically for freshers, it becomes very challenging to face interviews. Here is a presentation that gives you practical tips and inputs to crack interviews.
Strategies for End-to-End Timing Guarantees in a Centralized Software Defined...RealTime-at-Work (RTaW)
This presentation reports on design choices explored for next-generation zonal E/E architectures supporting mixed criticality traffic with strong timing constraints at the gateways between Ethernet and CAN:
• We present methods to validate strategies for packing/unpacking CAN frames to be transmitted over an Ethernet backbone
• We present a novel use-case for Time Aware Shaper (TAS), used to confine the traffic from Android applications into short, periodic transmission windows, shielding hence the rest of the traffic from their interference under any evolution scenario. System-level simulations are used to compare TAS with two alternative solutions based on priorities and Credit Based Shaper (CBS)
• This study exemplifies how the collaboration between an OEM, a Tier1 and a timing analysis tool vendor built a timing-accurate model of the SDV architecture to explore design alternatives, reduce the time for prototyping and to provide new inputs for the 802.1DG Automotive profile
Introduction
This Tutorial is On Socket Programming In C Language for Linux. Instructions Give Below will only work On Linux System not in windows.
Socket API In windows is called Winsock and there we can discuss about that in another tutorial.
What is Socket?
Sockets are a method for communication between a client program and a server program in a network.
A socket is defined as "the endpoint in a connection." Sockets are created and used with a set of programming requests or "function calls" sometimes called the sockets application programming interface (API).
The most common sockets API is the Berkeley UNIX C interface for sockets.
Sockets can also be used for communication between processes within the same computer.
Join this video course on Udemy. Click the below link
https://www.udemy.com/mastering-rtos-hands-on-with-freertos-arduino-and-stm32fx/?couponCode=SLIDESHARE
>> The Complete FreeRTOS Course with Programming and Debugging <<
"The Biggest objective of this course is to demystifying RTOS practically using FreeRTOS and STM32 MCUs"
STEP-by-STEP guide to port/run FreeRTOS using development setup which includes,
1) Eclipse + STM32F4xx + FreeRTOS + SEGGER SystemView
2) FreeRTOS+Simulator (For windows)
Demystifying the complete Architecture (ARM Cortex M) related code of FreeRTOS which will massively help you to put this kernel on any target hardware of your choice.
VoLTE Voice over LTE Explained - Complete End to End VoLTE Overview - What is...Vikas Shokeen
Complete End to End Tutorial on Fundamentals & Basics of VoLTE , IMS Technology & VoLTE Overview ( Voice Over LTE )
- What is VoLTE
- Network Evolution to VoLTE
- How to Enable VoLTE in handset
- Differences between VoLTE & CSFB Call
- Voice call in LTE & VoLTE Networks
- Evolution of Voice Call
- VoLTE - Benefits for Users
- VoLTE - Benefits for Operators
- VoLTE Challenges
- Congestion handling for VoLTE Traffic
Presented by James Goel, MIPI Technical Steering Group chair, and Rick Wietfeldt, Security Working Group co-chair
This session brings you up to speed on all the latest developments within MIPI Automotive SerDes Solutions (MASS) – a framework that provides a full-stack, end-to-end sensor/display-to-ECU solution for autonomous driving and ADAS systems that leverage existing MIPI CSI-2®, DSI-2℠ and VESA eDP/DP protocols running over MIPI A-PHY℠. The presentation also explains how recent developments make it easier for you to integrate MIPI A-PHY into your next automotive E/E architecture and how, through A-PHY's adoption as an IEEE standard, it can be accessed for evaluation without MIPI membership.
In addition, the presenters discuss how recently released MIPI Camera and Display Service Extensions (CSE and DSE) and their associated protocol adaptation layers (PALs) work together to embed functional safety and security enablers natively at the "edge" – ultimately within the sensor, display and ECU components themselves.
UVM is a standardized methodology for verifying complex IP and SOC in the semiconductor industry. UVM is an Accellera standard and developed with support from multiple vendors Aldec, Cadence, Mentor, and Synopsys. UVM 1.0 was released on 28 Feb 2011 which is widely accepted by verification Engineer across the world. UVM has evolved and undergone a series of minor releases, which introduced new features.
UVM provides the standard structure for creating test-bench and UVCs. The following features are provided by UVM
• Separation of tests from test bench
• Transaction-level communication (TLM)
• Sequences
• Factory and configuration
• Message reporting
• End-of-test mechanism
• Register layer
Facing interviews is both science and an art. Typically for freshers, it becomes very challenging to face interviews. Here is a presentation that gives you practical tips and inputs to crack interviews.
Strategies for End-to-End Timing Guarantees in a Centralized Software Defined...RealTime-at-Work (RTaW)
This presentation reports on design choices explored for next-generation zonal E/E architectures supporting mixed criticality traffic with strong timing constraints at the gateways between Ethernet and CAN:
• We present methods to validate strategies for packing/unpacking CAN frames to be transmitted over an Ethernet backbone
• We present a novel use-case for Time Aware Shaper (TAS), used to confine the traffic from Android applications into short, periodic transmission windows, shielding hence the rest of the traffic from their interference under any evolution scenario. System-level simulations are used to compare TAS with two alternative solutions based on priorities and Credit Based Shaper (CBS)
• This study exemplifies how the collaboration between an OEM, a Tier1 and a timing analysis tool vendor built a timing-accurate model of the SDV architecture to explore design alternatives, reduce the time for prototyping and to provide new inputs for the 802.1DG Automotive profile
Signal-Oriented ECUs in a Centralized Service-Oriented Architecture: Scalabil...RealTime-at-Work (RTaW)
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In this presentation, we will review the main challenges faced in the integration of signal-oriented ECUs into SOA, and present the solutions explored at Volvo with a focus on layered SW architecture in the centralized E/E architecture and its 3 core components:
o Device Proxies
o Signal DataBase
o Service Interface
We then report on the performances of this architecture in terms of latencies and conclude on the maximum number of signal-oriented frames and legacy ECUs that can be handled. The performance evaluation is conducted by simulation, with sensitivity analysis to identify the performance bottlenecks. The E/E architecture under study is a prototype TSN-based central computing architecture targeted at next-generation models.
The main questions that will be discussed throughout the presentation are 1) how to efficiently handle signal to service conversion? 2) The performance and the scalability of the SW architecture proposed and 3) the suitability of SOME/IP as the SOA protocol.
Module Consolidation: Combining Safety-Critical Automotive Applications with ...Design World
Join me as I welcome Senior Solutions Architect Pat Shelly from Mentor Graphics explain consolidation of Quality Managed and ASIL B software on complex asymmetric multicore silicon devices, utilizing a type-1 hypervisor for separation. He will also explain
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AUDI’s decision to standardize on PROFINET as communication protocol within its plants was in accordance with the recommendation of the German AIDA organisation (an initiative of the leading German car manufacturers Audi, BMW, Daimler, Volkswagen and Porsche) to introduce PROFINET for automation projects in the German Automotive Industry in 2004.
AUDI’s specific requirements for the implementation of the PROFINET communication protocol went beyond the scope of typical network diagnostics and included the following:
Provision of network and error statistics as well as diagnostic information read from devices
Access to topology and asset information such as current firmware versions in real-time
Detection of added or failed devices and the creation of a reference measurement
Availability of the communication metrics for subsequent comparison
Graphical display of possible changes
Secure access from the overall network – managed by the IT department – to the automation network
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Evolving from the BroadR-Reach standard, Automotive Ethernet enables faster data communication to meet the demands of today’s vehicles and the connected vehicles of the future.
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"Trans Failsafe Prog" on your BMW X5 indicates potential transmission issues requiring immediate action. This safety feature activates in response to abnormalities like low fluid levels, leaks, faulty sensors, electrical or mechanical failures, and overheating.
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Ever been troubled by the blinking sign and didn’t know what to do?
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IBS monitors and manages your BMW’s battery performance. If it malfunctions, you will have to deal with an array of electrical issues in your vehicle. Recognize warning signs like dimming headlights, frequent battery replacements, and electrical malfunctions to address potential IBS issues promptly.
Symptoms like intermittent starting and key recognition errors signal potential problems with your Mercedes’ EIS. Use diagnostic steps like error code checks and spare key tests. Professional diagnosis and solutions like EIS replacement ensure safe driving. Consult a qualified technician for accurate diagnosis and repair.
Comprehensive program for Agricultural Finance, the Automotive Sector, and Empowerment . We will define the full scope and provide a detailed two-week plan for identifying strategic partners in each area within Limpopo, including target areas.:
1. Agricultural : Supporting Primary and Secondary Agriculture
• Scope: Provide support solutions to enhance agricultural productivity and sustainability.
• Target Areas: Polokwane, Tzaneen, Thohoyandou, Makhado, and Giyani.
2. Automotive Sector: Partnerships with Mechanics and Panel Beater Shops
• Scope: Develop collaborations with automotive service providers to improve service quality and business operations.
• Target Areas: Polokwane, Lephalale, Mokopane, Phalaborwa, and Bela-Bela.
3. Empowerment : Focusing on Women Empowerment
• Scope: Provide business support support and training to women-owned businesses, promoting economic inclusion.
• Target Areas: Polokwane, Thohoyandou, Musina, Burgersfort, and Louis Trichardt.
We will also prioritize Industrial Economic Zone areas and their priorities.
Sign up on https://profilesmes.online/welcome/
To be eligible:
1. You must have a registered business and operate in Limpopo
2. Generate revenue
3. Sectors : Agriculture ( primary and secondary) and Automative
Women and Youth are encouraged to apply even if you don't fall in those sectors.
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Maximized driving performance and quick charging time through high-density battery pack and fast charging technology and applicable to various vehicle types!
Discover more about Hyundai Motor Group’s EV platform ‘E-GMP’!
𝘼𝙣𝙩𝙞𝙦𝙪𝙚 𝙋𝙡𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙘 𝙏𝙧𝙖𝙙𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙞𝙨 𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙮 𝙛𝙖𝙢𝙤𝙪𝙨 𝙛𝙤𝙧 𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙪𝙛𝙖𝙘𝙩𝙪𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙞𝙧 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙩𝙨. 𝙒𝙚 𝙝𝙖𝙫𝙚 𝙖𝙡𝙡 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙡𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙘 𝙜𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙪𝙡𝙚𝙨 𝙪𝙨𝙚𝙙 𝙞𝙣 𝙖𝙪𝙩𝙤𝙢𝙤𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙚 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙖𝙪𝙩𝙤 𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙩𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙖𝙡𝙡 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙛𝙖𝙢𝙤𝙪𝙨 𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙣𝙞𝙚𝙨 𝙗𝙪𝙮 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙜𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙪𝙡𝙚𝙨 𝙛𝙧𝙤𝙢 𝙪𝙨.
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SOME_IP_29408.pdf
1. COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS FOR
ETHERNET IN THE VEHICLE
AUTOMOTIVE BUS SYSTEMS AND ETHERNET
09 – 11 DECEMBER 2013, STUTTGART MARRIOTTHOTEL SINDELFINGEN
Dr. Lars Völker, BMW Group.
2. Dr. Lars Völker, BMW Group, Communication Protocols for Ethernet in the vehicle, 2013-12-09 Page 2
AGENDA
• Use cases and requirements
• Example protocol stack
• Challenges onthe basis of SOME/IP
• (scalable Service-Oriented MiddlewarE over IP)
• Summary
3. Dr. Lars Völker, BMW Group, Communication Protocols for Ethernet in the vehicle, 2013-12-09 Page 3
USE CASES AND REQUIREMENTS
• Question: What doyou want to do with Ethernet inthe vehicle?
4. Dr. Lars Völker, BMW Group, Communication Protocols for Ethernet in the vehicle, 2013-12-09 Seite 4
USE CASES AND REQUIREMENTS
SELECTED USE CASES FOR ETHERNET IN VEHICLES
Diagnostics and
Flash Update
Infotainment systems
e.g. RSE connection or
AV transport
Drivers Assistance
e.g. surround view
IQPC,BMW, 2013-12-09 Page 4
Ethernet Domain
Backbone
OPEN Alliance Confidential! All rights reserved!
5. Dr. Lars Völker, BMW Group, Communication Protocols for Ethernet in the vehicle, 2013-12-09 Page 5
USE CASES AND REQUIREMENTS
REQUIREMENTS FOR AUTOMOTIVE MIDDLEWARE
• Support CAN like communication
• Support MOST like control communication
• Shall efficiently support switched medium like Ethernet (not a bus!)
• Support unicast communication
• Limit multicast/broadcast to acceptable level
6. Dr. Lars Völker, BMW Group, Communication Protocols for Ethernet in the vehicle, 2013-12-09 Page 6
USE CASES AND REQUIREMENTS
WHAT HAVE WE DONE?
• With Ethernet, wetriedto reuse as many protocols as possible:
• Ethernet is a well proventechnology
• TCP/IP stack is proven solution, why develop a new one?
• Parts of AVB fit out of the box, others need some adaption
• However:
• Finding a suitable middleware solutiontotransport control data
was not that easy!
• So SOME/IP was created!
7. Dr. Lars Völker, BMW Group, Communication Protocols for Ethernet in the vehicle, 2013-12-09 Page 7
EXAMPLE PROTOCOL STACK
IT Standard Automotive
Audio/Video
Transport Time Sync
Control
Communication
Diagnostics
and Flash
Update
Service
Discovery
Address
Configuration
Address Resolution,
Signaling, etc.
Automotive
Network
Management
Layer 3
Layer 4
Layer 5-7
Layer 1
Layer 2 IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN (802.1Q)
AutomotiveEthernet Physical Layer (e.g. OABR)
UDP-NM
SOME/IP-SD
DHCP
IEEE
802.1AS
AVB
IEEE
1722
AVB
ICMP
ARP
DoIP
UDP UDP
TCP and/or UDP
IP
SOME/IP
Most parts are reused but on Layer 1 and Layer 7 specific protocols are needed.
8. Dr. Lars Völker, BMW Group, Communication Protocols for Ethernet in the vehicle, 2013-12-09 Page 8
SOME/IP CONCEPTS
MIDDLEWARE
SOME/IP allows applications to communicate over Ethernet and TCP/IP.
SOME/IP allows applications to communicate.
Packet formats are automatically determined by the specification of the Service.
Server offers a Service Instancethat implementsthe Service Interface.
Client usesthe Service Instance using SOME/IP.
Server
Client
App.
AutomotiveEthernet Network
TCP/IP
Stack
SOME/IP Middleware
Visible:
Interface
App.
TCP/IP
Stack
Visible:
Packets
9. Dr. Lars Völker, BMW Group, Communication Protocols for Ethernet in the vehicle, 2013-12-09 Page 9
SOME/IP CONCEPTS
SERVICE
A Service is an interface that contains Methods, Fields, and Events.
C S
Fire & Forget
C S
Request/Response
A Service is defined by its Service Interface. This
is comparable to a MOST Functional Block
(FBlock) and may include:
Methods:
With response (Request/Response).
Without response (Fire&Forget).
Events: Message from Server to Client when something
happens.
Fields: Getter/Setter/Notifier of a property/status.
Eventgroups: A logical group of Events and Fields used
for publish/subscribe handling.
Services
Client ≠ AUTOSAR Client/Server.
C S
Events Field
C S
10. Dr. Lars Völker, BMW Group, Communication Protocols for Ethernet in the vehicle, 2013-12-09 Page 10
SOME/IP CONCEPTS
REQUEST WITH RESPONSE METHOD
Request – a message from client to server calling a
method.
Response – a message from server to client
transportingthe results of the method invocation.
Request/Response – a method call with Request
and Response messages.
Request/Response methods allow calls with answers.
C S
Request/Response
Services: Request/Response Methods
11. Dr. Lars Völker, BMW Group, Communication Protocols for Ethernet in the vehicle, 2013-12-09 Page 11
SOME/IP CONCEPTS
FIRE&FORGET METHOD
Request – a message from client to server calling a
method.
Fire&Forget– a method invocation with just a
Request message.
Message Type „REQUEST_NO_RETURN“.
Does not support answers and errors.
Fire&Forgetmethods do not have answer messages.
C S
Fire&Forget
Services: Fire&ForgetMethods
12. Dr. Lars Völker, BMW Group, Communication Protocols for Ethernet in the vehicle, 2013-12-09 Page 12
SOME/IP CONCEPTS
EVENTS
Event – a Fire&Forget callback, that is sent out by the
Server (e.g. cyclically or on change).
Sent from Server to Client.
Similar to regular CAN messages.
Events are simple messages from Server to Client.
C S
Events
Services: Events
13. Dr. Lars Völker, BMW Group, Communication Protocols for Ethernet in the vehicle, 2013-12-09 Page 13
SOME/IP CONCEPTS
FIELDS
Field – represents a remote accessible property that
includes Getter/Setter and/or Notification.
Getter– Methodto read field value.
Setter – Methodto set field value.
Notification (sends out Events with newvalues on
change of field value).
Similar to a property on MOST.
Fields are properties that may include a Getter, a Setter, and a Notification.
C S
Field
Services: Fields
14. Dr. Lars Völker, BMW Group, Communication Protocols for Ethernet in the vehicle, 2013-12-09 Page 14
SOME/IP CONCEPTS
FIELDS (2)
Field consists of:
0..1 Getter Request/Response
0..1 Setter Request/Response
0..1 Notifier Events
Type Name of Field.
Method getVehicleSpeed() returns UINT16
Method setVehicleSpeed(UINT16 vehicleSpeed) returns UINT16
Event vehicleSpeed(UINT16 vehicleSpeed)
GETTER/SETTER/NOTIFIER UINT16 vehicleSpeed
Field consists of Getter, Setter, and Notifier.
15. Use Events for time limited observations, Fields for status like data.
Dr. Lars Völker, BMW Group, Communication Protocols for Ethernet in the vehicle, 2013-12-09 Page 15
SOME/IP CONCEPTS
EVENTS VS. FIELDS
Event
Field
Event
Event Status
Buffer
Status /
Property
getter
setter
Sends out Event message
Sends out Event message
Event is only when something happens.
Events do not have initial values.
The lifetime of an Event is not defined.
Status based elements shall be modeled
as Field.
Event messages of Event and Field are
identical.
Difference:
Initial Events only exist for Fields.
getter
setter
16. Dr. Lars Völker, BMW Group, Communication Protocols for Ethernet in the vehicle, 2013-12-09 Page 16
SOME/IP CONCEPTS
SERVICE DISCOVERY
Service Discovery handles Service State as well as Publish/Subscribe.
C S
Fire & Forget
C S
Request/Response
C S
Events Field
Service Discovery is used to explicitlysignal:
Status of Service Instances (available ornot)
as well as how to reach the service
Publish/Subscribe
Which Events/Fields does a client need?
This state is transported using cyclic messages
carrying entries:
Service: Find, Offer, and StopOffer
Eventgroup: Subscribe, StopSubscribe,
SubscribeAck, and SubscribeNack
Service Discovery transports status explicitly
Service Discovery
C S
Service
Status
Service Discovery
17. Dr. Lars Völker, BMW Group, Communication Protocols for Ethernet in the vehicle, 2013-12-09 Page 17
CHALLENGES
EXAMPLE SOME/IP
• Architecture for different systems (e.g. AUTOSAR and GENIVI)
• AUTOSAR is based on CAN and FlexRay messages, Ethernet is more dynamic
• Ethernet is commonto Linux (e.g. GENIVI)
• What’s a good compromise for a protocol?
• Agile process (specification and implementation in parallel)
• More innovation in lesstime
• AUTOSAR process stressed
• Testing a complex protocol stack
18. Dr. Lars Völker, BMW Group, Communication Protocols for Ethernet in the vehicle, 2013-12-09 Page 18
CHALLENGES
AUTOSAR AND GENIVI
COM
CAN FR
Socket Adaptor
UDP / TCP
IP
Ethernet
Linux, QNX, …
SOME/IP
UDP
IP
Ethernet
CAN
AVB
TCP
RTE
Socket Adaptor, COM and RTE for SOME/IP.
SD has own module.
SOME/IP
SOME/IP and SOME/IP-SD are
implemented using library.
VS.
SD
19. 1st gen (AUTOSAR 4.0)
2nd gen (AUTOSAR 4.1)
Resource optimization
Dr. Lars Völker, BMW Group, Communication Protocols for Ethernet in the vehicle, 2013-12-09 Page 19
CHALLENGES
AUTOSAR ROADMAP
11/2009 2011 04/2013 2014
Enhanced Serializer Interface
SOME/IP Serializer Tech Report
More efficient data path
Serializer Support in RTE C/S
Service Discovery SWS (SOME/IP-SD)
SOME/IP specification by BMW
Initial Ethernet Support in AUTOSAR: Socket Adaptor, UDP-NM, If, …
Fast pace roadmap reflected in AUTOSAR standardization.
Restructuring (SoAdTCP, …)
SOME/IP Serializer (?)
Feedback
20. Dr. Lars Völker, BMW Group, Communication Protocols for Ethernet in the vehicle, 2013-12-09 Page 20
CHALLENGES
TESTING SOME/IP AND SOME/IP-SD
• Protocol stacktesting often requires support for thetesting
• Thetest application is called Enhanced Testability Service (ETS)
• Different methods, events, and fields are included
• Standardization of ETS is in discussion
Enhanced
Testability Service
Tester
Layer 3
Layer 4
Layer 5-7
Layer 1
Layer 2 IEEE Ethernet MAC + VLAN (802.1Q)
Automotive Ethernet Physical Layer (e.g. OABR)
UDP-NM
SOME/IP-SD
DHCP
IEEE
802.1AS
AVB
IEEE
1722
AVB
ICMP
ARP
DoIP
UDP UDP
TCP and/or UDP
IP
SOME/IP
21. Dr. Lars Völker, BMW Group, Communication Protocols for Ethernet in the vehicle, 2013-12-09 Page 21
SUMMARY
Challenges
Support different
architectures
Agile process vs
standardization
Testing complex
protocols
Protocol
Stack
SOME/IP
Ethernet-based in-vehicle communication comes with solvable challenges!
Reuse as much as
possible
Add automotive
protocols
Optimize for limited
resources
Only Automotive
Middleware
Supports GENIVI
and AUTOSAR
Service Discovery
signals explicitly
Automotive
Use cases different
to “IT world”
Vehicle is not plug-
and-play
Automotive
solutions needed
