This document discusses the future of automotive Ethernet networks. It notes that higher data throughput is needed for advanced driver assistance systems, which is driving a transition from MOST networks to Ethernet standards like 100BASE-T1. Ethernet is being used throughout vehicles for applications like radar sensors, infotainment systems, and more. Standards bodies are working on higher speed Ethernet standards like 1000BASE-T1 and 10GBASE-T1 to support next generation needs. The document outlines various validation testing needed for physical and protocol layers as automotive Ethernet becomes more widely adopted in vehicles. It predicts a transition to domain controllers and increased use of Ethernet standards up to multi-gigabit speeds over the next 5 years.

1. Dr. Nik DIMITRAKOPOULOS
Automotive Ethernet & Infotainment
Automotive Ethernet
The Future for In-Vehicle Networks
Henri DUDRAGNE
Embedded Network Offer Manager

2. Agenda
ı Introduction to Automotive Ethernet
ı OPEN Alliance
ı Introduction to LGM
ı Compliance testing
ı 5 years into the future
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

3. Rohde & Schwarz Automotive
Radar
Ethernet (In-Vehicle Networks)
Connectivity
Infotainment
ECU production line testing
EMC

4. Why Automotive Ethernet ?
Source: BMW
ı Higher data throughput is required for ADAS like rear view or
surround view camera systems
ı Low latency is required for ADAS like for adaptive cruise
control etc.
ı Industry standards need to be integrated to save cost:
100BASE-T1 instead of MOST
ı Reuse of TCP/IP in different application (flashing, camera,
smart antennas) helps to reduce complexity
ı Ethernet standards like Audio Video-Bridging, Time Sensitive
Networks enable new applications
ı Unshielded Twisted Pair cabling to save cost
5
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

5. Example Audi A8
ı 48 V +12 V
network
ı ADAS controller
zFAS with 70W
ı 2.3 km cable
ı 54 kg
ı 3000 contacts
ı 9 relays
ı 380 fuses
Source: Audi, Boardnet Congress 2018
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

6. Automotive Ethernet is everywhere
6
Radar sensor to ADAS
controller moves to
100/1000BASE-T1
Sensor fusion will use
10GBASE-T1
Smart antennas have
1000BASE-T1
Backbone
100/1000BASE-T1
Connection to display,
antenna etc based on
100/1000BASE-T1- AVB etc.
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

7. Example: Radar + Automotive Ethernet
ARS4-A 77GHz
Long & Short Range Radar
Image source: NXP
Image source: Continental
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

8. 8
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne
Source: Dr. Kirsten Matheus, BMW AG, Automotive Ethernet Congress, Feb 2018

9. Why is Automotive Ethernet superior
9
LVDS
GMSL and FPD-Link HDBASET APIX
None of these provide all the required features for IVN
MOST
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

10. Automotive Ethernet Validation
LGM Group in the Automotive Industry
OUR KEY
FIGURES
5,5
MILLIONS €
40
CUSTOMERS
175
PROJECTS
55
CONSULTANTS
OUR NETWORK :
OUR EXPERTISES OUR MAIN
CUSTOMERS
SAFETY
& ISO 26262
CONSULTING
SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
LOW LAYER VALIDATION
& DIAGNOSTICS
TEST BENCHES
EMBEDDED NETWORKS
/ PROTOCOLS STACK
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

11. Automotive Ethernet Validation
Paradigms in Automotive Networking
ı Higher speeds
ı Error 404 vs CAN communication failure
ı Multiple protocols
CAN Ethernet
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

12. Automotive Ethernet Validation
ı The LGM laboratory, specialist on networks low layers and diagnostic validation, provides
these services for many great automotive companies.
ı From the OEMs specification to the validation report, our methodology is to propose our
20 years of expertise through :
 Automatic scripts or tools that covered most of OEMs specifications
 Our investment on equipments (scope+decode, network analyzer/emulator, climatic
chamber…)
 Included support on the delivery reports
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

13. Automotive Ethernet Validation
Physical Layer Tests
ı Init test procedure (link status)
ı PMA Test modes exploitation
ı Ground Shift Tests
ı Immunity to Voltage variation profils
ı Trigger and Decode
ı …
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

14. Automotive Ethernet Validation
Test modes (RTO + K24/K87 + ZF2)
ı Transmitter Output Droop
ı Transmitter Timing jitter
ı Transmitter Clock Frequency
ı Power Spectral Density
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

15. Automotive Ethernet Validation
Protocol Tests
ı TTsuite OPEN Layers 2-7
Conformance Test Solution
ı TC8 test suite
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

16. Automotive Ethernet Validation
Protocol Tests
ı Additional Protocols covered by LGM:
 MQTT
 HTTP
 DNS
 RTP
 Upper Tester
 OEM Specific Protocol
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

17. Automotive Ethernet 5 years into the future
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

18. April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne
Source: Dr. Kirsten Matheus, BMW AG, Automotive Ethernet Congress, Feb 2018

19. Upcoming Vehicle Architecture with Domain Controllers, Ethernet
and Back-end Servers
OEM’s Back-End
Server
Powertrain
Domain ECU
ADAS Domain
ECU
• Traffic
Management
• Police
• Real Time
Traffic
Information
• …
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

20. Future Automotive Ethernet Standards
10BASE-T1S
Multidrop
PoDL
802.3cg
First discrete PHYs
available
OA TC14
100BASE-T1
Established &
On the road
1000BASE-T1
2 PHYs released
>2 PHY in
development
SOP expected 2020
NBASE-T1
2.5/5/10GBASE-T1
STP cable
802.3ch
spec expected 2020
OA TC15
66.7 MHz
RTO2004
RTP044
ZND
750 MHz
RTO2024
RTP044
ZND
SPI clock 12MHz*
or 25MHz**
* CanovaTech proposal
**Broadcom proposal
1.4/2.8/5.6 GHz
RTO2064
RTP084
ZND
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

21. Why MultiGig Ethernet?
Important to know:
ı Some automotive 4G LTE modems implemented in the
TCU can operate at 300-400 Mbps
Image source: Ficosa
ı T-Box 3.0: DA2300 will support 5G speeds up to 1.6Gbps*
*Maximum theoretical download speed
Image source: Huawei Autonomous Vehicles Show Shanghai Sept 2018
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne
------- Is 1000BASE-T1 enough? ---------

22. 10GBASE-T1: Benefits
IEEE Automotive Ethernet London: Oct 2018
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

23. 10BASE-T1S: Benefits
Source: Miller, Microchip, Oct 2018
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

24. Source: Automotive Ethernet Congress Munich 2018
1000BASE-T1 DUT clock @66.7MHz
1000BASE-T1 DUT clock @125MHz
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

25. 100BASE-T1 Trigger and Decode
EMI Debugging of spurious communication errors
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

26. 100BASE-T1 Trigger and Decode
EMI Debugging of spurious communication errors
Communication Breakdown
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne
Spurious on freq domain

27. Domain controllers
Domain controllers:
Infotainment
Powertrain
(engine, brakes, gearbox)
Body electronics & security
(windows, wipers, car seat etc)
Radar
Image source: Nvidia
Image source: TTTech
Image source: Continental
Image source: NXP
Image source: Delphi Image source: Veoneer
Image source: Bosch
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

28. What and how to test next generation ECU for ADAS
8-16 CPU cores
+ GPU
5-10 TFLOPS
200-600 W TDP (SMPS)
Liquid cooling
DDR 3 RAM, 8 GB
FLASH NVMe (PCIe 3), 64 GB
100/1000/10GBASE-T1
CAN-FD
SMPS Power
Measurements
Power
Integrity
Automotive
Ethernet
DDR 3 Memory
PCIe gen3
R&S®RTP
CAN
CAN-FD
Boot timing
MIPI-DPHY
EMI
Debug
R&S®RTO
April 2019 - Automotive Ethernet – Dimitrakopoulos / Dudragne

29. Questions?
Dr. Nik Dimitrakopoulos
Automotive Ethernet & Infotainment
Henri DUDRANGE
Embedded Network Offer Manager