Somalia is located in the Horn of Africa and has a population of over 16 million people. The capital and largest city is Mogadishu. Somalia has a long coastline along the Indian Ocean and varied terrain that includes mountains, plains, and plateaus. The climate is generally hot and dry. Over 99% of Somalis are Sunni Muslim and speak Somali. Traditional Somali clothing includes colorful wraps and robes for men and conservative dresses for women. The culture is influenced by interactions with neighboring regions and features dances like dhaanto. Common foods include breads like anjero along with samosas and halwa sweets.

1. SOMALIA OVERVIEW
History, geography, culture & facts about somalia

2. A brief history of
Somalia
Geographical
environment and
climate
culture foods

3. A brief history of Somalia
 Somalia (Somali: Soomaaliya; aṣ-Ṣūmāl), officially the Federal Republic of
Somalia and formerly known as the Somali Democratic Republic, is a
country located in the Horn of Africa.
 the easternmost country on mainland Africa is situated on the peninsula
known as the Horn of Africa
 The capital city is Mogadishu is located just north of the Equator on the Indian
Ocean.

4.  Somalia was an important center for commerce with the rest of the ancient
world,[1][2] and according to most scholars,[3][4] it is among the most probable
locations of the fabled ancient Land of Punt.
 It was known as the land of god for ancient Egyptians, and the land of
unicorn for the ancient Chinese.
 The Republic of Somalia was formed in 1960 by the federation of a former
Italian colony and a British protectorate. Mohamed Siad Barre (Maxamed
Siyaad Barre) held dictatorial rule over the country from October 1969 until
January 1991, when he was overthrown in a bloody civil war waged by clan-
based guerrillas.

5. ethnicity
• The Somalis (Somali: Soomaalida 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒆𐒖, Arabic: ‫صوماليون‬ )are an East
Cushitic ethnic group native to the Horn of Africa[43] who share a common ancestry,
culture and history. The Somali language is the shared mother tongue of ethnic Somalis,
which is part of the Cushitic branch of the Afroasiatic language family, and are
predominately Sunni Muslim.[44][45] They form one of the largest ethnic groups on the
African continent, and cover one of the most expansive landmasses by a single ethnic
group in Africa.[46]
• According to most scholars, the ancient Land of Punt and its native inhabitants formed
part of the ethnogenesis of the Somali people. An ancient historical kingdom where a
great portion of their cultural traditions and ancestry has been said to derive
from.[47][48][49][50] Somalis share many historical and cultural traits with other Cushitic
peoples, especially with Lowland East Cushitic people, specifically the Afar and
the Saho.[51]
• Ethnic Somalis are principally concentrated in Somalia (around 8.8
million),[1] Ethiopia (4.6 million),[2] Somaliland (3.5 million),[3] Kenya (2.8
million),[4] and Djibouti (534,000).[52] Somali diasporas are also found in parts of
the Middle East, North America, Western Europe, African Great Lakes region, Southern
Africa and Oceania.

6. Ethnicity “cont”…..

7. Population
 The current population of Somalia is 16,065,572 as of Tuesday, November 24, 2020, based on
Worldometer elaboration of the latest United Nations data.
 The population density in Somalia is 25 per Km2 (66 people per mi2).The total land area is 627,340
Km2 (242,217 sq. miles) 46.8 % of the population is urban (7,431,038 people in 2020) The median
age in Somalia is 16.7 years.

8. Religion
More than 99 % of the Somali population is Sunni Muslim.
Only 1% of the population are Christian community & atheists

9. Languages
The first and official language of Somalia is Somali
is the official language of Somalia and as the mother tongue of
the Somali people, is also its endoglossic language.[2][3][4] It is a
member of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family, and its
nearest relatives are the Afar and Saho languages
the second language is Arabic most locals understand it.

10. Geographical environment and climate.
 Somalia is bounded by the Gulf of Aden to the north, by the Indian Ocean to the east,
by Kenya and Ethiopia to the west, and by Djibouti to the northwest Somalia is located
between 11.55N and 1.39S and approximately 40E and 51E. Somalia has an area of
637,657 square kilometers. The coastline is 3,025 km. long, which is the longest in Africa.
The country is divided into eighteen different regions. The largest city is its’ capital,
Mogadishu.
 The northern region of Somalia is hilly, and in many places the altitude ranges between
900 and 2,000 meters above sea level. The southern and central areas are flat, mostly
plateaus, with an average altitude of less than 180 meters above sea level. The lowest
point is the Indian Ocean at 0 m, and the highest point is Shimbiris, which is 2,416m. The
Shebelle and Juba Rivers rise in Ethiopia and flow south across the country, towards the
Indian Ocean. The Shebelle only reaches the sea during seasons of high rain.

11. Geographical environment and climate
The climatic year comprises four seasons. The gu (spring), lasts
from April to June; the second rainy season, called the dayr
(autumn) , extends from October to December. Each is followed
by a dry season—the main one Jilaal (winter) from December to
March and the second one Xagaa(Summer) from June to
September.

12. The map of Somalia

13. The map of Somalia “cont”.….

14. Somali culture
the culture of Somalia is an amalgamation of traditions in that
were developed independently since the proto-Somali era
through interaction with neighboring and far away civilizations,
including other parts of Africa, the Arabian Peninsula,
and Indian subcontinent.[1] .

15. An outfit commonly worn by Somali men is a white cotton sheet
wrapped around them as a skirt and another white piece used
as a shawl.
A sarong-like garment, worn around the waist, called a
macawiis is typically worn by most Somali men. some Somali
men wear a long ankle-length garment called a khameez.
• Many Somali men wear a colorful turban known as koofiyad on their
head.
Some men, mainly in the upper class, wear suits and neckties
in order to look more western and modern. This is also common
garb for Somali business people.
Somali Traditional Clothing for Men

16. Somali Traditional Clothing for Men

17. Somali Traditional Clothing for women
Women never wear anything revealing and their garments
generally have very conservative colors.
Many of the more conservative women wear veils.
Most Somali women wear full-length dresses that come in a
variety of styles.
For day-to-day activities, women in Somalia generally wear a
guntiino

18. Somali Traditional Clothing for women

19. Somali traditional dance “dhaanto”
Dhaanto is a style of traditional Somali music and folk
dance.[1] It is cultural folk dance native to Somali-speaking
areas in the Horn of Africa regio
Famous dhaanto artists include Ahmed Budal, Ali Dhaanto,
Bashir Carab, Nuur Araale, Kafeya Sarhay Isaaq, Hodon
Ma'allin, Bashir Jaawi, Abdi Dhaanto, Hani UK, and
more.somali

20. Somali traditional dance “dhaanto”

21. anjera
Anjero is similar to the Ethiopian injera with the main
difference being the size and how it is eaten. Anjero is
usually a fraction of the size of injera and Somalis love to
eat it with honey spread drizzled over it.
Somali somasa
:Sambusa is a triangular fried pastry dish often filled
with spicy minced meat or vegetables. It is very
similar to the Indian samosa.
Halwa
Is a festive sweet treat reserved for special
occasions and is quotidian wedding treat. With the
main ingredients including sugar, butter, and oil
Somali cultural food “cuisine”

22. THANKS
T H E E N D
Name : Mohamed Abdullahi adan , zhejiang normal university
gmail: ma0010699@gmail.com