Solr anti-patterns discusses common issues when migrating from older Solr versions to newer ones, including improperly configured request handlers, indexing errors, and lack of configuration for threads and caching. The document provides recommendations for updating configurations to address these issues, such as using newer field types, configuring thread pools, and tuning cache sizes and refresh settings.

2. Solr Anti - patterns
Rafał Kuć, Sematext Group, Inc.
@kucrafal
@sematext
http://sematext.com

3. About me
Sematext consultant & engineer
Solr.pl co-founder
Father & husband

4. The (not so) perfect migration
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird_migration
http://www.likesbooks.com/aarafterhours/?p=750

5. From 3.1 to 4.10 (and hopefully not back)
March 2011 September 2014

6. The lonely solrconfig.xml
<requestHandler name="/update" class="solr.XmlUpdateRequestHandler" />
<requestHandler name="/update/javabin" class="solr.BinaryUpdateRequestHandler" />
<requestHandler name="/update/csv" class="solr.CSVRequestHandler" />
<requestHandler name="/update/json" class="solr.JsonUpdateRequestHandler" />
<luceneMatchVersion>LUCENE_31</luceneMatchVersion>
<directoryFactory name="DirectoryFactory"
class="${solr.directoryFactory:solr.StandardDirectoryFactory}"/>

7. DOC
DOC
DOC
And faulty indexing
EXCEPTIONS :)

8. And faulty indexing
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<response>
<lst name="responseHeader">
<int name="status">400</int>
<int name="QTime">0</int>
</lst>
<lst name="error">
<str name="msg">missing content stream</str>
<int name="code">400</int>
</lst>
</response>
109173 [qtp1223685984-20] ERROR org.apache.solr.core.SolrCore ľ org.apache.solr.common.SolrException: missing content stream
at org.apache.solr.handler.ContentStreamHandlerBase.handleRequestBody(ContentStreamHandlerBase.java:69)
at org.apache.solr.handler.RequestHandlerBase.handleRequest(RequestHandlerBase.java:135)
at org.apache.solr.core.SolrCore.execute(SolrCore.java:1967)
at org.apache.solr.servlet.SolrDispatchFilter.execute(SolrDispatchFilter.java:777)
at org.apache.solr.servlet.SolrDispatchFilter.doFilter(SolrDispatchFilter.java:418)
at org.apache.solr.servlet.SolrDispatchFilter.doFilter(SolrDispatchFilter.java:207)
at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHandler$CachedChain.doFilter(ServletHandler.java:1419)
at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHandler.doHandle(ServletHandler.java:455)
at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ScopedHandler.handle(ScopedHandler.java:137)
at org.eclipse.jetty.security.SecurityHandler.handle(SecurityHandler.java:557)
at org.eclipse.jetty.server.session.SessionHandler.doHandle(SessionHandler.java:231)
at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandler.doHandle(ContextHandler.java:1075)
at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHandler.doScope(ServletHandler.java:384)
at org.eclipse.jetty.server.session.SessionHandler.doScope(SessionHandler.java:193)
at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandler.doScope(ContextHandler.java:1009)
at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ScopedHandler.handle(ScopedHandler.java:135)
at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandlerCollection.handle(ContextHandlerCollection.java:255)
at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.HandlerCollection.handle(HandlerCollection.java:154)
at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.HandlerWrapper.handle(HandlerWrapper.java:116)
at org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server.handle(Server.java:368)
at org.eclipse.jetty.server.AbstractHttpConnection.handleRequest(AbstractHttpConnection.java:489)
at org.eclipse.jetty.server.BlockingHttpConnection.handleRequest(BlockingHttpConnection.java:53)
at org.eclipse.jetty.server.AbstractHttpConnection.headerComplete(AbstractHttpConnection.java:942)
at org.eclipse.jetty.server.AbstractHttpConnection$RequestHandler.headerComplete(AbstractHttpConnection.java:1004)
at org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpParser.parseNext(HttpParser.java:647)
at org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpParser.parseAvailable(HttpParser.java:235)
at org.eclipse.jetty.server.BlockingHttpConnection.handle(BlockingHttpConnection.java:72)
at org.eclipse.jetty.server.bio.SocketConnector$ConnectorEndPoint.run(SocketConnector.java:264)
at org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.QueuedThreadPool.runJob(QueuedThreadPool.java:608)
at org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.QueuedThreadPool$3.run(QueuedThreadPool.java:543)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)

9. Let’s make that right
<requestHandler name="/update" class="solr.UpdateRequestHandler" />
<requestHandler name="/update/json" class="solr.UpdateRequestHandler">
<lst name="defaults">
<str name="stream.contentType">application/json</str>
</lst>
</requestHandler>
<luceneMatchVersion>LUCENE_4.10.0</luceneMatchVersion>
<directoryFactory name="DirectoryFactory"
class="${solr.directoryFactory:solr.NRTCachingDirectoryFactory}"/>
<nrtMode>true</nrtMode>
<updateLog>
<str name="dir">
${solr.ulog.dir:}
</str>
</updateLog>

10. The old schema.xml
<fieldType name="int" class="solr.IntField" omitNorms="true"/>
<fieldType name="long" class="solr.LongField" omitNorms="true"/>
<fieldType name="float" class="solr.FloatField" omitNorms="true"/>
<fieldType name="double" class="solr.DoubleField" omitNorms="true"/>
<fieldType name="date" class="solr.DateField" sortMissingLast="true" omitNorms="true"/>
<fieldType name="sint" class="solr.SortableIntField" sortMissingLast="true" omitNorms="true"/>
<fieldType name="slong" class="solr.SortableLongField" sortMissingLast="true" omitNorms="true"/>
<fieldType name="sfloat" class="solr.SortableFloatField" sortMissingLast="true" omitNorms="true"/>
<fieldType name="sdouble" class="solr.SortableDoubleField" sortMissingLast="true" omitNorms="true"/>

11. <fieldType name="int" class="solr.IntField" omitNorms="true"/>
<fieldType name="long" class="solr.LongField" omitNorms="true"/>
<fieldType name="float" class="solr.FloatField" omitNorms="true"/>
<fieldType name="double" class="solr.DoubleField" omitNorms="true"/>
<fieldType name="date" class="solr.DateField" sortMissingLast="true" omitNorms="true"/>
<fieldType name="sint" class="solr.SortableIntField" sortMissingLast="true" omitNorms="true"/>
<fieldType name="slong" class="solr.SortableLongField" sortMissingLast="true" omitNorms="true"/>
<fieldType name="sfloat" class="solr.SortableFloatField" sortMissingLast="true" omitNorms="true"/>
<fieldType name="sdouble" class="solr.SortableDoubleField" sortMissingLast="true" omitNorms="true"/>
The old schema.xml

12. The new schema.xml
<fieldType name="int" class="solr.TrieIntField" precisionStep="0" positionIncrementGap="0"/>
<fieldType name="float" class="solr.TrieFloatField" precisionStep="0" positionIncrementGap="0"/>
<fieldType name="long" class="solr.TrieLongField" precisionStep="0" positionIncrementGap="0"/>
<fieldType name="double" class="solr.TrieDoubleField" precisionStep="0" positionIncrementGap="0"/>
<fieldType name="date" class="solr.TrieDateField" precisionStep="0" positionIncrementGap="0"/>
<fieldType name="tint" class="solr.TrieIntField" precisionStep="8" positionIncrementGap="0"/>
<fieldType name="tfloat" class="solr.TrieFloatField" precisionStep="8" positionIncrementGap="0"/>
<fieldType name="tlong" class="solr.TrieLongField" precisionStep="8" positionIncrementGap="0"/>
<fieldType name="tdouble" class="solr.TrieDoubleField" precisionStep="8" positionIncrementGap="0"/>
<fieldType name="tdate" class="solr.TrieDateField" precisionStep="6" positionIncrementGap="0"/>

13. Threads? What threads?
<Set name="ThreadPool">
<New class="org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.QueuedThreadPool">
<Set name="minThreads">10</Set>
<Set name="maxThreads">200</Set>
<Set name="detailedDump">false</Set>
</New>
</Set>

14. I see deadlocks

15. Threads? What threads?
<Set name="ThreadPool">
<New class="org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.QueuedThreadPool">
<Set name="minThreads">10</Set>
<Set name="maxThreads">200</Set>
<Set name="detailedDump">false</Set>
</New>
</Set>

16. OK, so now we can actually run queries
<Set name="ThreadPool">
<New class="org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.QueuedThreadPool">
<Set name="minThreads">10</Set>
<Set name="maxThreads">10000</Set>
<Set name="detailedDump">false</Set>
</New>
</Set>

17. The ZooKeeper

18. The ZooKeeper

19. The ZooKeeper

20. The ZooKeeper

21. The ZooKeeper

22. The ZooKeeper – production

23. The ZooKeeper – production
-DzkHost=zk1:2181,zk2:2181,zk3:2181

24. The ZooKeeper – production
-DzkHost=zk1:2181,zk2:2181,zk3:2181

25. The ZooKeeper – production
-DzkHost=zk1:2181,zk2:2181,zk3:2181

26. The ZooKeeper – production
-DzkHost=zk1:2181,zk2:2181,zk3:2181

27. Let’s cache everything
<filterCache class="solr.LRUCache"
size="1048576"
initialSize="1048576"
autowarmCount="524288"/>
<queryResultCache class="solr.LRUCache"
size="1048576"
initialSize="1048576"
autowarmCount="524288"/><documentCache class="solr.LRUCache"
size="1048576"
initialSize="1048576"
autowarmCount="0"/>

28. And now let’s look at the warmup times

29. And now let’s look at the warmup times

30. OK, show us the way „Mr. Consultant”
<filterCache class="solr.FastLRUCache"
size="1024"
initialSize="1024"
autowarmCount="512"/>
<queryResultCache class="solr.LRUCache"
size="16000"
initialSize="16000"
autowarmCount="8000"/><documentCache class="solr.LRUCache"
size="16384"
initialSize="16384"
autowarmCount="0"/>

31. Let’s look at the warmup times again

32. Let’s look at the warmup times again

33. Bulks are for noobs
Application Application Application
Doc Doc Doc

34. Bulks are for noobs
Application Application Application
Doc Doc Doc

35. But let’s use bulks, just in case

36. But let’s use bulks, just in case

37. We need to refresh and hard commit
<autoCommit>
<maxTime>1000</maxTime>
<openSearcher>true</openSearcher>
</autoCommit>
<autoSoftCommit>
<maxTime>1000</maxTime>
</autoSoftCommit>

38. Maybe we should only refresh?
<autoCommit>
<maxTime>60000</maxTime>
<openSearcher>false</openSearcher>
</autoCommit>
<autoSoftCommit>
<maxTime>1000</maxTime>
</autoSoftCommit>

39. OK, let’s go easy with refreshing
<autoCommit>
<maxTime>60000</maxTime>
<openSearcher>false</openSearcher>
</autoCommit>
<autoSoftCommit>
<maxTime>30000</maxTime>
</autoSoftCommit>

40. But I really need all that data
curl -XGET 'localhost:8983/solr/select?q=*:*&start=3000000&rows=100'

41. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<response>
<lst name="responseHeader">
<int name="status">0</int>
<int name="QTime">9418</int>
<lst name="params">
<str name="start">3000000</str>
<str name="q">*:*</str>
<str name="rows">100</str>
</lst>
</lst>
<result name="response" numFound="3284000" start="3000000">
.
.
.
</result>
</response>
But I really need all that data
curl -XGET 'localhost:8983/solr/select?q=*:*&start=3000000&rows=100'

42. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<response>
<lst name="responseHeader">
<int name="status">0</int>
<int name="QTime">9418</int>
<lst name="params">
<str name="start">3000000</str>
<str name="q">*:*</str>
<str name="rows">5</str>
</lst>
</lst>
<result name="response" numFound="3284000" start="3000000">
.
.
.
</result>
</response>
But I really need all that data
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<response>
<lst name="error">
<str name="msg">java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space</str>
<str name="trace">java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
at org.apache.solr.servlet.SolrDispatchFilter.sendError(SolrDispatchFilter.java:796)
at org.apache.solr.servlet.SolrDispatchFilter.doFilter(SolrDispatchFilter.java:448)
.
.
.
Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
.
.
.
</str>
<int name="code">500</int>
</lst>
</response>
curl -XGET 'localhost:8983/solr/select?q=*:*&start=3000000&rows=100'

43. But I really need all that data
Query

44. But I really need all that data

45. But I really need all that data

46. But I really need all that data
Response

47. Use the scroll Luke
curl -XGET 'localhost:8983/solr/select?q=*:*&cursorMark=*&sort=score+desc,id+desc'

48. Use the scroll Luke
curl -XGET 'localhost:8983/solr/select?q=*:*&cursorMark=*&sort=score+desc,id+desc'
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<response>
<lst name="responseHeader">
<int name="status">0</int>
<int name="QTime">189</int>
<lst name="params">
<str name="sort">score desc,id desc</str>
<str name="q">*:*</str>
<str name="cursorMark">*</str>
</lst>
</lst>
<result name="response" numFound="3284000" start="0">
<doc>
...
</doc>
.
.
.
</result>
<str name="nextCursorMark">AoIIP4AAACY5OTk5OTA=</str>
</response>

49. Use the scroll Luke
curl -XGET 'localhost:8983/solr/select?q=*:*&sort=score+desc,id+desc
&cursorMark=AoIIP4AAACY5OTk5OTA='

50. Use the scroll Luke
curl -XGET 'localhost:8983/solr/select?q=*:*&sort=score+desc,id+desc
&cursorMark=AoIIP4AAACY5OTk5OTA='
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<response>
<lst name="responseHeader">
<int name="status">0</int>
<int name="QTime">184</int>
<lst name="params">
<str name="sort">score desc,id desc</str>
<str name="q">*:*</str>
<str name="cursorMark">AoIIP4AAACY5OTk5OTA=</str>
</lst>
</lst>
<result name="response" numFound="3284000" start="0">
<doc>
...
</doc>
.
.
.
</result>
<str name="nextCursorMark">AoIIP4AAACY5OTk5ODE=</str>
</response>

51. Limiting faceting, why bother?
curl -XGET 'localhost:8983/solr/select?q=*:*&facet=true&facet.field=tag&…
facet.limit=-1&facet.mincount=0'

52. Limiting faceting, why bother?
curl -XGET 'localhost:8983/solr/select?q=*:*&facet=true&facet.field=tag&…
facet.limit=-1&facet.mincount=0'
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<response>
<lst name="responseHeader">
<int name="status">0</int>
<int name="QTime">9967</int>
<lst name="params">
...
</lst>
</lst>
<result name="response" numFound="3284000" start="0">
.
.
.
</result>
<lst name="facet_counts">
<lst name="facet_fields">
<lst name="tag">
...
</lst>
</lst>
</lst>
</response>

53. Limiting faceting, why bother?
curl -XGET 'localhost:8983/solr/select?q=*:*&facet=true&facet.field=tag&…
facet.limit=-1&facet.mincount=0'
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<response>
.
.
.
<lst name="error">
<str name="msg">Error while processing facet fields: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space</str>
<str name="trace">org.apache.solr.common.SolrException: Error while processing facet fields:
java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
.
.
.
Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
at org.apache.solr.request.SimpleFacets.getFieldCacheCounts(SimpleFacets.java:685)
.
.
.
</str>
<int name="code">500</int>
</lst>
</response>

54. Now let’s look at performance

55. Now let’s look at performance

56. Now let’s look at performance

57. Now let’s look at performance

58. Now let’s look at performance

59. Magic happens with small changes
curl -XGET 'localhost:8983/solr/select?q=*:*&facet=true&facet.field=tag&…
facet.limit=100&facet.mincount=1'

60. Magic happens with small changes

61. Magic happens with small changes

62. Magic happens with small changes

63. Magic happens with small changes

64. Magic happens with small changes

65. Magic happens with small changes

66. Magic happens with small changes

67. Monitoring in production
http://sematext.com/spm/index.html

68. And remember…
<luceneMatchVersion>
3.1
</luceneMatchVersion>

69. Quick summary
http://www.soothetube.com/2013/12/29/thats-all-folks/

70. We are hiring!
Dig Search?
Dig Analytics?
Dig Big Data?
Dig Performance?
Dig Logging?
Dig working with and in open – source?
We’re hiring world – wide!
http://sematext.com/about/jobs.html

71. Thank you!
Rafał Kuć
@kucrafal
rafal.kuc@sematext.com
Sematext
@sematext
http://sematext.com
http://blog.sematext.com