Final Year Major Project on Solar Powered Three Wheeler for Disabled Person.
The design on Solidworks and Analysis on ANSYS Multiphysics. It uses the renewable energy which is eco-friendly and very less pollution.
Design and fabrication of solar three wheeler.
types of the hybrid vehicle are discussed, series, parallel, complex, series-parallel, micro-hybrid, mild hybrid, full hybrid, and complex hybrid is discussed
A flywheel, in essence is a mechanical battery - simply a mass rotating about an axis.Flywheels store energy mechanically in the form of kinetic energy.They take an electrical input to accelerate the rotor up to speed by using the built-in motor, and return the electrical energy by using this same motor as a generator.Flywheels are one of the most promising technologies for replacing conventional lead acid batteries as energy storage systems.
making a review seminar on the topic of flywheel energy storage system. For easy to learn about the flywheel energy storage system . this presentation making from the one ieee standard research paper on the flywheel energy storage system
types of the hybrid vehicle are discussed, series, parallel, complex, series-parallel, micro-hybrid, mild hybrid, full hybrid, and complex hybrid is discussed
A flywheel, in essence is a mechanical battery - simply a mass rotating about an axis.Flywheels store energy mechanically in the form of kinetic energy.They take an electrical input to accelerate the rotor up to speed by using the built-in motor, and return the electrical energy by using this same motor as a generator.Flywheels are one of the most promising technologies for replacing conventional lead acid batteries as energy storage systems.
making a review seminar on the topic of flywheel energy storage system. For easy to learn about the flywheel energy storage system . this presentation making from the one ieee standard research paper on the flywheel energy storage system
Hybrid power generation by and solar –windUday Wankar
With the development of industry and
agriculture, a great amount of energy such as coal, oil
and gas has been consumed in the world. Extensive
use of these fossil energies deteriorates a series of
problems like energy crisis, environmental pollution
and so on. Everybody knows that the fossil energy
reserves are finite, some day it will be exhausted.
It is possible that the world will face a
global energy crisis due to a decline in the
availability of cheap oil and recommendations to a
decreasing dependency on fossil fuel. This has led to
increasing interest in alternate power/fuel research
such as fuel cell technology, hydrogen fuel, biodiesel,
Karrick process, solar energy, geothermal energy,
tidal energy and wind. Today, solar energy and wind
energy have significantly alternated fossil fuel with
big ecological problems.
With the development of the science and
technology, power generation using solar energy and
wind power is gradually known by more and more
people. And it is widespread used in many developed
countries. The merits of the solar and wind power
generation are very obvious-infinite and nonpolluting.
The raw materials of the solar and wind
power generation derived from nature, and wind
power generation can work twenty-four hours a day,
solar power generation only works by daylight. In
addition, this kind of power generation has no
exhaust emission and there is no influence to the
nature. But it also has some shortcomings. Because
of the imperfect of the technology, equipment of the
solar and wind power generation is very expensive.
By far, it cannot be widely used.
In addition, solar and wind power
generation system affected by the changing of the
weather very much, so it has obvious defects in
reliability compared with fossil fuel, and it is difficult
to make it fit for practical use the lack of economical
efficiency .Because of these problems it needs to
increase the reliability of energy supply by
developing a system which interacts Solar and wind
energy. This kind of system is usually called windsolar
hybrid power generation system significantly
Top 75 Electric Vehicle Research Project IdeasSibiKrishnan
Here is a list of top 75 electric vehicle-related project ideas. These project ideas would help PhD, MTech, BTech, MS and other engineering students.
Link to the book: https://www.amazon.com/Electric-Vehicle-Research-Projects-Engineering-ebook/dp/B07J3SHH3K
Contents of this presenation entitled 'Introduction of different Energy storage systems used in Electric & Hybrid vehicles' is useful for beginners and students
It requires less investment when compared to others, Ecofriendly , higher electricity production at cheap cost ,renewable and available all days and nights , Low noise emissions
Advantages of operating in the offshore environment include higher and steadier wind speeds, less-restrictive acoustic requirements, and fewer space constraints.
Solar and Wind Powered Hybrid Energy Vehiclekushaal hn
The wind and solar powered car has high efficiency and is a maintenance free vehicle. The car works on the concept of charging and discharging of the battery on board. When the vehicle runs the motor consumes power from the battery and after certain kilometers, it needs to be recharged. In this car, power is generated from wind turbines and the solar modules and are directed to the battery for the charging. The battery is recharged on board and the car doesn’t need to be standby for charging. To conserve the energy and to utilize it at best we are designing a vehicle which will run on the battery which will get charged by free energy sources. Then as per the requirement, we connected the solar panel and wind energy generator motor
plug in hybrid electrical vehicals seminar ppt by MD NAWAZMD NAWAZ
A 'gasoline-electric hybrid car' or 'Plug in hybrid electric vehicle' is a vehicle which relies not only on batteries but also on an internal combustion engine which drives a generator to provide the electricity and may also drive a wheel. It has great advantages over the previously used gasoline engine that drives the power from gasoline only. It also is a major source of air pollution. The objective is to design and fabricate a two wheeler hybrid electric vehicle powered by both battery and gasoline. The combination of both the power makes the vehicle dynamic in nature. It provides its owner with advantages in fuel economy and environmental impact over conventional automobiles. Hybrid electric vehicles combine an electric motor, battery and power system with an internal combustion engine to achieve better fuel economy and reduce toxic emissions.
In HEV, the battery alone provides power for low-speed driving conditions where internal combustion engines are least efficient. In accelerating, long highways, or hill climbing the electric motor provides additional power to assist the engine. This allows a smaller, more efficient engine to be used. Besides it also utilizes the concept of regenerative braking for optimized utilization of energy. Energy dissipated during braking in HEV is used in charging battery. Thus the vehicle is best suited for the growing urban areas with high traffic. Initially the designing of the vehicle in CAD, simulations of inverter and other models are done. Equipment and their cost analysis are done. It deals with the fabrication of the vehicle. This includes assembly of IC Engine and its components. The next phase consists of implementing the electric power drive and designing the controllers. The final stage would consist of increasing the efficiency of the vehicle in economic ways.
Have you pulled your car up to the gas/petrol pump lately and been shocked by the high
price of gasoline? As the pump clicked past Rs1400 or 1500, maybe you thought about
trading in that SUV for something that gets better mileage. Or maybe you are worried
that your car is contributing to the greenhouse effect. Or maybe you just want to have
the coolest car on the block. Currently, there is a solution for all this problems, it's the
hybrid electric vehicle.
The vehicle is lighter and roomier than a purely electric vehicle, because there is less
need to carry as many heavy batteries. The internal combustion engine in hybrid-electric
is much smaller and lighter and more efficient than the engine in a conventional vehicle.
In fact, most automobile manufacturers have announced plans to manufacture their own
hybrid versions. Hybrid electric vehicles are all around us. Most of the locomotives we
see pulling trains are diesel-electric hybrids. Cities like Seattle have diesel-electric
buses -- these can draw electric power from overhead wires or run on diesel when they
are away from the wires. Giant mining trucks are often diesel-electric hybrids.
Submarines are also hybrid vehicles -- some are nuclear-electric and some are dieselelectric. Any vehicle that combines two or more sources of power that can directly or
indirectly provide propulsion power is a hybrid.
Our aim is to generate electric power from vehicle losses by using shock absorber. With the help of magnet and winding
project by santhosh rs and group
mobile number-+919449977866
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Hybrid power generation by and solar –windUday Wankar
With the development of industry and
agriculture, a great amount of energy such as coal, oil
and gas has been consumed in the world. Extensive
use of these fossil energies deteriorates a series of
problems like energy crisis, environmental pollution
and so on. Everybody knows that the fossil energy
reserves are finite, some day it will be exhausted.
It is possible that the world will face a
global energy crisis due to a decline in the
availability of cheap oil and recommendations to a
decreasing dependency on fossil fuel. This has led to
increasing interest in alternate power/fuel research
such as fuel cell technology, hydrogen fuel, biodiesel,
Karrick process, solar energy, geothermal energy,
tidal energy and wind. Today, solar energy and wind
energy have significantly alternated fossil fuel with
big ecological problems.
With the development of the science and
technology, power generation using solar energy and
wind power is gradually known by more and more
people. And it is widespread used in many developed
countries. The merits of the solar and wind power
generation are very obvious-infinite and nonpolluting.
The raw materials of the solar and wind
power generation derived from nature, and wind
power generation can work twenty-four hours a day,
solar power generation only works by daylight. In
addition, this kind of power generation has no
exhaust emission and there is no influence to the
nature. But it also has some shortcomings. Because
of the imperfect of the technology, equipment of the
solar and wind power generation is very expensive.
By far, it cannot be widely used.
In addition, solar and wind power
generation system affected by the changing of the
weather very much, so it has obvious defects in
reliability compared with fossil fuel, and it is difficult
to make it fit for practical use the lack of economical
efficiency .Because of these problems it needs to
increase the reliability of energy supply by
developing a system which interacts Solar and wind
energy. This kind of system is usually called windsolar
hybrid power generation system significantly
Top 75 Electric Vehicle Research Project IdeasSibiKrishnan
Here is a list of top 75 electric vehicle-related project ideas. These project ideas would help PhD, MTech, BTech, MS and other engineering students.
Link to the book: https://www.amazon.com/Electric-Vehicle-Research-Projects-Engineering-ebook/dp/B07J3SHH3K
Contents of this presenation entitled 'Introduction of different Energy storage systems used in Electric & Hybrid vehicles' is useful for beginners and students
It requires less investment when compared to others, Ecofriendly , higher electricity production at cheap cost ,renewable and available all days and nights , Low noise emissions
Advantages of operating in the offshore environment include higher and steadier wind speeds, less-restrictive acoustic requirements, and fewer space constraints.
Solar and Wind Powered Hybrid Energy Vehiclekushaal hn
The wind and solar powered car has high efficiency and is a maintenance free vehicle. The car works on the concept of charging and discharging of the battery on board. When the vehicle runs the motor consumes power from the battery and after certain kilometers, it needs to be recharged. In this car, power is generated from wind turbines and the solar modules and are directed to the battery for the charging. The battery is recharged on board and the car doesn’t need to be standby for charging. To conserve the energy and to utilize it at best we are designing a vehicle which will run on the battery which will get charged by free energy sources. Then as per the requirement, we connected the solar panel and wind energy generator motor
plug in hybrid electrical vehicals seminar ppt by MD NAWAZMD NAWAZ
A 'gasoline-electric hybrid car' or 'Plug in hybrid electric vehicle' is a vehicle which relies not only on batteries but also on an internal combustion engine which drives a generator to provide the electricity and may also drive a wheel. It has great advantages over the previously used gasoline engine that drives the power from gasoline only. It also is a major source of air pollution. The objective is to design and fabricate a two wheeler hybrid electric vehicle powered by both battery and gasoline. The combination of both the power makes the vehicle dynamic in nature. It provides its owner with advantages in fuel economy and environmental impact over conventional automobiles. Hybrid electric vehicles combine an electric motor, battery and power system with an internal combustion engine to achieve better fuel economy and reduce toxic emissions.
In HEV, the battery alone provides power for low-speed driving conditions where internal combustion engines are least efficient. In accelerating, long highways, or hill climbing the electric motor provides additional power to assist the engine. This allows a smaller, more efficient engine to be used. Besides it also utilizes the concept of regenerative braking for optimized utilization of energy. Energy dissipated during braking in HEV is used in charging battery. Thus the vehicle is best suited for the growing urban areas with high traffic. Initially the designing of the vehicle in CAD, simulations of inverter and other models are done. Equipment and their cost analysis are done. It deals with the fabrication of the vehicle. This includes assembly of IC Engine and its components. The next phase consists of implementing the electric power drive and designing the controllers. The final stage would consist of increasing the efficiency of the vehicle in economic ways.
Have you pulled your car up to the gas/petrol pump lately and been shocked by the high
price of gasoline? As the pump clicked past Rs1400 or 1500, maybe you thought about
trading in that SUV for something that gets better mileage. Or maybe you are worried
that your car is contributing to the greenhouse effect. Or maybe you just want to have
the coolest car on the block. Currently, there is a solution for all this problems, it's the
hybrid electric vehicle.
The vehicle is lighter and roomier than a purely electric vehicle, because there is less
need to carry as many heavy batteries. The internal combustion engine in hybrid-electric
is much smaller and lighter and more efficient than the engine in a conventional vehicle.
In fact, most automobile manufacturers have announced plans to manufacture their own
hybrid versions. Hybrid electric vehicles are all around us. Most of the locomotives we
see pulling trains are diesel-electric hybrids. Cities like Seattle have diesel-electric
buses -- these can draw electric power from overhead wires or run on diesel when they
are away from the wires. Giant mining trucks are often diesel-electric hybrids.
Submarines are also hybrid vehicles -- some are nuclear-electric and some are dieselelectric. Any vehicle that combines two or more sources of power that can directly or
indirectly provide propulsion power is a hybrid.
Our aim is to generate electric power from vehicle losses by using shock absorber. With the help of magnet and winding
project by santhosh rs and group
mobile number-+919449977866
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
In a world where environment protection and energy conversion are growing concerns,the development of solar vehicle has taken on an accele ration pace. The dream of having commercially viable solar vehicle is becoming a rea lity. EV�s are gradually available in the market. This opportunity is taken towards design an d development of Solar two wheeler. Solar vehicle is a multi-disciplinary subject which covers broad and complex aspects. However,it has core technologies,namely propulsio n technology,energy source technology,storage and control technology. As energy source s olar panel is used and developed voltage is stored in battery and used for the drive the hub motor which is used as rare wheel of the vehicle.
This is a semester project for Machine Design Project. This was successfully completed with the help of other two team members, Shenal Dilajnjaya & Amalka Indupama. This is based on skidded Helicopter lifting mechanism and designed to lift three different weight categories of the helicopters usually used in the aviation field.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Design, analysis and performance evaluation of a mechanical gyratorIjrdt Journal
The project focuses on the development of an efficient and safe system for navigation for disabled people. Such a system should enable the user to control with minimum effort and should be stable in all practical situations. A gyrator is neither a motorcycle nor a four wheeler. It is a vehicle made up of an inner frame which is encompassed and supported by two large coaxially aligned wheels. The inner frame is supported by a common axle as a result, is free to oscillate back and forth relative to outer wheels. The inherent instability has limited its potential as a commercially available vehicle. But by reducing this oscillation to an optimum value by incorporating internal braking, we could make a very stable navigation system. In order to achieve motion, a shift in the centre of gravity of the inner frame is required. Two independent electric motors provide the driving torque to gearbox which drives the large outer wheels. This unique design gives the vehicle a clear advantage over conventional 4wheeled and 2wheeled vehicles as it has zero turning radius. Key word:- Inflation Pressure, Pressure switch ,Pressure guage, Solenoid control valve, DC Compressor.
CADmantra Technologies Pvt. Ltd. is one of the best Cad training company in northern zone in India . which are provided many types of courses in cad field i.e AUTOCAD,SOLIDWORK,CATIA,CRE-O,Uniraphics-NX, CNC, REVIT, STAAD.Pro. And many courses
Contact: www.cadmantra.com
www.cadmantra.blogspot.com
www.cadmantra.wix.com
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In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
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Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
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1. Final Year, Major Project
Solar Powered Three Wheeler For Disabled
People.
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Ansal University, Gurgaon
2. Final Year, Major Project
Solar Powered Three Wheeler For Disabled People.
Supervisor: Team Members:
Mr. Ankit Tiwari Gokarna Basnet
Assistant Professor, Akashay Yadav
SET, Department of Mechanical engineering. Amrit Adhikari
Ansal university. Suchit Yadav
Sujan Bdr. Bista
3. OVERVIEW
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Objectives
• Scope
• Methodology
• Result and Discussion
• Conclusion
• Reference
Presenting the Major Project Report
4. ABSTRACT
Nowadays, transportation is an inseparable part of human daily life. People can travel one
place to another easily utilizing different means of transportations when it comes to the
disabled person, it is quite challenging to travel from one place to another due to their
different disabilities. Hence, in this project, we have focused on developing the three
wheeler for the disabled person having disabilities related to their arm or legs. As three
wheeler being cheap means of transportation as well as it is easier to control. An effort has
been directed to design a lightweight, high strength, and ergonomic solar powered three
wheeler. Sustainable Mobility issues are gaining increasing attention both among specialists
and in public opinion, due to the major impact of automotive systems on carbon dioxide
production, climate changes, and fossil fuel depletion. So, the solar energy is the best
solution for the source of energy for this project. The proposed model is powered with 900
W, 48 V DC Brushless motor. The 48V, 168AH battery act as energy storage which is
charged by the solar panels. The structural model of the three-wheeler was designed in
Solidworks CAD software. Structural and weight analysis were performed to select the
right material for the frame so as to build a vehicle which would be very lightweight but
strong enough to sustain high loads exerted by the driver during a ride. The analysis was
performed on the ANSYS Multiphysics software.
Presenting the Major Project Report
5. INTRODUCTION
• Electric Vehicle Powered by Solar
Energy.
• Renewable energy powered vehicle in
order to reduce the global warming and
non renewable energy source depletion.
• Especially built aiming to individuals
who have impairments that limit their
ability to walk.
• It typically consists of a seat supported
on three large wheels attached in
spaceframe structure.
• Uses the solar energy stored in the battery
as fuel source.
• Has braking system in both hands unlike
in battery rickshaw.
Presenting the Major Project Report
6. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Parameter Value
Vehicle length 1400 mm
Vehicle width 800 mm
Ground clearance 254 mm
Vehicle height 1428.90 mm
Chassis material Carbon Steel
(AISI 1018)
Tube dimension 2”×1” & 1”×1” rectangular
pipe with 3 mm thickness
Roll cage mass 70 kg
Total mass 200 kg approx.
Parameter Value
Battery 12v/ 42 Ah ( 4
units)
Solar Panel 200 W ( 4 units, 50
W each)
Brushless DC
Motor
48V / 900W
Controller 48V/ 50A
Presenting the Major Project Report
7. OBJECTIVES
• To develop a vehicle that uses renewable energy, environmentally friendly and cheap.
• To develop low-speed tricycle, but for a longer distance.
• To reduce the efforts of the handicapped person.
• To improve the aesthetics of the vehicle.
• To improve the durability of the vehicle.
• To improve the aerodynamic efficiency.
• To design the elements of body and chassis of a solar three wheeler for the target of the most
lightweight and lowest material cost design.
• To analyze the elements of body and chassis of a solar car.
• To fabricate the solar car than can withstand the load from the solar panel body, driver, and
also the suspension.
• To develop an electrical tri-wheel vehicle that can charge the battery when it is not in used.
• To develop an electrical tricycle that can charge the battery when it is not in used.
Presenting the Major Project Report
8. SCOPE
To convert the solar energy to the electrical energy by using solar cells,
then Converting this electrical energy to mechanical energy by using the
dc motor to run the tricycle besides the human paddling. There are
following main elements considered in this project which are:
• To find the alternative of fuel.
• To maintain the ecological balance.
• To form the economical three wheeler.
• There is a need for a green energy.
• To design and fabricate low maintenance vehicle.
• To enhance service life.
Presenting the Major Project Report
10. CONCEPTUAL DESIGN
The Initial Conceptual design of the three wheeler, which we observe generally around
us and keeping in mind, our project requirements. The initial design was sketched doing,
brainstorming among the team members.
Presenting the Major Project Report
11. CAD DESIGN OF VEHICLE
Presenting the Major Project Report
12. MARKET SURVEY
• The three wheeler needs various parts like Rectangular tube, differentials, DC motors,
solar panels, Batteries etc. To use the optimum resources with optimum budget, we did
market survey for the various components.
Shop Name /Address Material purchased Cost
S.N steels, Sikenderpur Mild steel rectangular
tube
8000/-
Ananda autoparts, Delhi Battery Ricksaw KIT 18000/-
Kuber Fiber Gallery, Sikenderpur Fibre Sheet 2000/-
Gaia Energy Solutions Pvt. Ltd, Chandni Chowk Solar Panel 8000/-
Aster India Battery House, Old Gurgaon Battery 8400/-
Other Miscellaneous 8100/-
Presenting the Major Project Report
13. PIPE CUTTING
Presenting the Major Project Report
The pipe of designed length and parameters are cut with the help of
Grinding wheel. The cross section of rectangular pipes are 2”×1” and 1”×1”
are cut according the required length as per designed requirements.
14. WELDING
The Pipes thus cut are joined using the electric arc-welding to make the designed
frame structure of the vehicle.
The chassis frame consists of 2”×1” rectangular pipe having 3mm thickness,
whereas remaining structure uses 1”×1” square pipe having 3mm thickness.
Presenting the Major Project Report
15. FINISHED FULL BODY STRUCTURE AFTER WELDING
Presenting the Major Project Report
16. CALCULATIONS INVOLVED:
Power requirement of vehicle at particular speed:
P = F*v
F= Frolling + Fair resistance + Fgrade
F = mgRr + 0.5ρair Cd Af v2 +mgsinө
Where, m= 200 kg Rr=0.02 Cd=0.25 ρair= 1.2 kg/m3 Af= 1.5 m2 V= 30 km/hr = 8.33 m/s
So, F= 200*9.81*0.02 + 0.5*1.2*0.25*1.5*8.332 + 200*9.81*sin5о
F = 54.85 N
P= F*V = 54.85*8.33 = 456.90W ≈ 500W
Battery capacity:
Battery load= 900w
Let the power factor (PF) = 0.8
Now VA for corresponding load requirement be
VA=
𝑊
𝑃𝐹
=
900
0.8
=1125 VA System voltage= 48v Current (I) =
1125
48
=23.43 amp
Amp-Hr. = 23.43*4 (considering the vehicle to run 4hrs) = 93.75 AH
Presenting the Major Project Report
17. SHEET METAL
Sheet metal is use to give the aesthetic and to cover up the space between the frame.
It is use to hold the various parts of the vehicle such as Batteries, controller etc. it is
fixed by screws with drilling in the rectangular pipe structure.
Presenting the Major Project Report
18. VARIOUS PARTS USED IN VEHICLE
Presenting the Major Project Report
Solar Panels Controller Battery
DC Motor
Throttle
Differential
20. COLOURING/PAINTING
Initially the vehicle is painted with primer and finally painted with white paint. The initial and final looks of the
vehicle are presented below:
Presenting the Major Project Report
21. FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS
After finalizing the frame along with its material and cross section, it is very
essential to test the rigidity and strength of the frame under severe conditions. The
frame should be able to withstand the impact, torsion, roll over conditions and
provide utmost safety to the driver without undergoing much deformation.
Following tests were performed on the roll cage-
Front impact,
Side impact,
Rear impact,
Roll Over.
Torsional Rigidity.
Presenting the Major Project Report
22. Loading condition and constraints for Finite Element Analysis
FACTOR OF SAFETY: ALWAYS CONSIDERED FOR THIS DESIGN BETWEEN 0.5 – 1 ACCORDING TO
THE ANALYSIS RESULTS.
Estimated mass of vehicle=200 kg
Let, G=Estimated mass of vehicle × g
Where, g= acceleration due to gravity ≈ 10 m/s2
Hence, G=200 × 10 = 2000 N
TESTS FRONT
IMPACT
SIDE
IMPACT
ROLL OVER REAR
IMPACT
TORSIONAL
CONSTRAINTS REAR
CORNERS(ALL
DOF=0);
SUSPENSION
MOUNTINGS
(Uy,Uz=0)
OPPOSITE
SIM
MEMBERS(A
LL DOF=0)
LFS
MEMBERS
(ALL DOF=0)
FRONT
CORNERS(A
LL DOF=0);
SUSPENSIO
N
MOUNTING
S(Uy, Uz=0)
REAR CORNERS (
ALL DOF=0, UX, UY
=0 )
LOADS 4G 6G 2G 4G 1G
Presenting the Major Project Report
23. 1) Front impact analysis
Impact load calculation:
• Using the projected vehicle/driver mass of 200 kg, the impact force was calculated base on a
G-load of 4 for extremely worst condition.
• F = ma = 200*10*4 = 8000 N
• Impact Time = weight*(velocity/load)
= 200*(8.33/8000) = 0.20 seconds
Presenting the Major Project Report
24. 2) Rear impact analysis
• Using the projected vehicle/driver mass of 200 kg, the impact force was calculated base
on a G-load of 4 for extremely worst condition.
• F = ma = 200*10*4 = 8000 N
• Impact Time= weight*(velocity/load)
= 200*(8.33/8000) = 0.20 seconds
Presenting the Major Project Report
25. 3) Side impact Analysis
Impact load calculation:
• Using the projected vehicle/driver mass of 200 kg, the impact force was calculated base
on a G-load of 6 for extremely worst condition.
• F = ma
= 200*6*10=12000N
Presenting the Major Project Report
26. 4) Roll Over Analysis
Impact load calculation:
• Using the projected vehicle/driver mass of 200 kg, the impact force was calculated base on a
G-load of 2 for extremely worst condition.
• F = ma = 200*2*10 = 4000N
Presenting the Major Project Report
27. 5) Torsional Rigidity Analysis
Impact load calculation:
Using the projected vehicle/driver mass of 200 kg, the impact force was calculated base on
a G-load of 1.
F = ma = 200*1*10 = 2000N
Presenting the Major Project Report
29. CONCLUSION
• From this Project, we can conclude that this vehicle is quite suitable
for almost all the humans. By referring to above advantages, the
vehicle is affordable to middle-class person also, because the cost of
the vehicle is optimum.
• As the current increasing volume of car transportation rising the
health problem as well as environmental issues, hence this vehicle
focus the technology that enables the manufacturing, launching and
sustainable implementation of 3 wheel battery operated shuttle
vehicle in Indian market.
Presenting the Major Project Report
31. FUTURE WORK
• We can also provide the leg steering system for those who are disabled in term of
arms.
• The efficiency of this vehicle can be raised by adding solar panel or alternator to
charge batteries. By enforcing the alternator in the vehicle, we can charge batteries
during traveling. So there is no need to charge batteries frequently.
• As we are well known that the sources of fossil fuels are going to vanish in next
few decades, hence the electric bike will experience the period of boom. Hence we
can say that this vehicle may have very bright future.
Presenting the Major Project Report