Solar collectors and applications

1. Under the Guidance of Prof.Girish Pathak
28 August 2014

2. Types of collectors
Stationary
CONCENTRATINGNON-CONCENTRATING
Single-axis tracking Two-axes tracking
 Flat plate
collector
 Evacuated
tube collector
 Compound
parabolic
collector
 Linear Fresnel
reflector
 Parabolic trough
collector
 Cylindrical
trough collector
Parabolic dish
reflector
 Heliostat field
collector

3. Solar energy collectors
are special kind of heat
exchangers that
transform solar radiation
energy to internal energy
of the transport medium.
 This is a device which
absorbs the incoming
solar radiation, converts it
into heat, and transfers
this heat to a fluid
(usually air, water, or oil)
flowing through the
collector.

4. 1)Diffuse Solar Radiation Utilization:- Flat-plate collector
absorbs both the direct and the diffuse components of solar radiation.
This partially compensates for the fact that fixed surfaces receive less
energy because of the cosine effect.
2)Non-tracking Option :-Since tracking is not required, flat-plate
collectors may be firmly fixed to a mounting structure, and rigid
plumbing may be used to connect the collectors to the remainder of the
system. Moving structure, motors, and tracking control systems are
eliminated, thereby reducing the complexity of the system.
3) Cost :-Currently, flat-plate collectors cost less than concentrating collectors. Part
of reason is the lack of need for a complex tracking system.
4) Remote Area:-Solar Power Program Will Bring Electricity to Remote Villages in
India .Eg. Charanka Solar Park - Charanka village ,Patan district in Gujarat
5)Ecofriendly :- No Global warming and Pollution produce .
6)Independent of conventional fuel:- It depend upon Solar power which is not
limited.

5. Initial Cost
The Department of Energy (DOE) mentions only one
disadvantage of solar heat collectors That is the initial
expense of installing the system. The cost is likely to be more
than other kinds of heating systems.
Mounting Area
The main disadvantage of flat-plate collectors is the need of
more roof space and a weight-supporting fixture for flat roof
mounting.
Efficiency varies on different weather condition
It is more efficient in sunny days than in cloudy and rainy
days. so, harnessing of constant energy is not possible
through out the year.

6. Applications Of Flat Plat Solar Collectors
2)SOLAR DRIER3)SOLAR DISTILLATION PROCESS

7. Use of nano fluid. By mixing nanoparticles in a liquid has a
dramatic effect on the liquid thermophysical properties such as
thermal conductivity & Nanoparticles also offer the potential of
improving the radiative properties of liquids. Due to it efficiency
improvements up to 5%.
In Absorber:- Copper serpentine laser welded on a aluminium sheet.
In Coating:-Spectrally selective absorber coating, advanced PVD-
coating on aluminium sheet metal.
In Covers:- In Outer glazing: Anti-reflection treated fine-textured,
tempered, low-iron glass & In inner glazings :We can use 2 anti-
reflective treated plastic foils.
Insulation:- We can take Vacuum super insulation panel.
Casing:- Stainless steel casing trough.
Ventilation:- We can use Krypton gas fill.

8. [1] http://www.powerfromthesun.net
[2] International Journal of Mechanical
Engineering and Technology(IJMET)
[3]http://www.sciencedirect.com
[4] http://en.wikipedia.org
[5] http://www.solstice.crest.org
[6] http://www.iredaltd.com
[7] http://www.flasolar.com