2. A presentation on : Solar Water
Heater
Name : Amitabh Shukla
Enrolment no. : 120810111010
Branch : EC (4th Sem.)
Subject : Energy Systems
3. What is Solar Water Heater?
A Solar Water Heater is a device which provides hot water
for bathing, washing, cleaning, etc. using solar energy.
It is generally installed at the terrace or where sunlight is
available and heats water during day time which is stored
in an insulated storage tank for use when required
including mornings.
5. How does it work?
A Solar Water Heater comprises of an array of solar
collectors to collect solar energy and an insulated tank to
store hot water.
Both are connected to each other.
During the day time, water in solar collectors gets heated
which is either pumped or flown automatically on thermo
syphon principle to the storage tank.
Hot water then stored in the tank can be used for various
applications.
6. Site selection (Defining the Solar
Window)
Shortest day of the year
December 21st
Longest day of the year
June 21st
Solar collectors need full
sun from 9 AM until 3 PM
(FOE 10-2)
9. What are different types of Solar
Water Heaters?
Two types of Solar Water Heaters are available; one based on
flat plate collectors and the other based on evacuated tube
collectors. Flat plate collector (FPC) based systems are of
metallic type and have longer life as compared to Evacuated
tube collector (ETC) based system because ETCs are made of
glass which are of fragile( can be easily broken or destroyed) in
nature.
Both these systems are available with and without heat
exchanger. They can also work with and without pump.
Systems without pump are known as thermo syphon systems and
those with pump are known as forced circulation systems.
10. Flat Plate Collectors (FPC) based
Solar Water Heaters
The solar radiation is absorbed by Flat Plate Collectors
which consist of an insulated outer metallic box covered
on the top with glass sheet.
Inside there are blackened metallic absorber (selectively
coated) sheets with built in channels or riser tubes to
carry water.
The absorber absorbs the solar radiation and transfers the
heat to the flowing water.
11. Evacuated Tube Collectors (ETC)
based Solar Water Heaters
Evacuated Tube Collector is made of double layer
borosilicate glass tubes evacuated for providing
insulation.
The outer wall of the inner tube is coated with selective
absorbing material.
12. What happens on cloudy/rainy
day? Do I still get hot water?
On cloudy days also, if it is for a day or two, you still get
warm water as water gets heated due to diffused
radiation available in the atmosphere.
The system, however, is either connected to an electric
geyser in the house or an electrical back-up is provided in
the storage tank of the system which is switched on when
water is not sufficiently hot
So, you get hot water all the time even on rainy days.
13. Fuel Savings :
A 100 litres capacity SWH can replace an electric geyser
for residential use and saves 1500 units of electricity
annually.
14. Environmental benefits
A SWH of 100 litres capacity can prevent emission of 1.5
tonnes of carbon- dioxide per year.
15. Life & Approximate cost :
A SWH of 100 litres capacity can prevent emission of 1.5
tonnes of carbon- dioxide per year.
Rs.15000- 20,000 for a 100 litres capacity system and
Rs.110-150 per installed litre for higher capacity systems
16. Advantages
Simple to construct and install.
No or negligible running cost.
Almost maintenance free.
Cost is low and economically competitive with electric
water heating system.
It saves time and high grade form of electric energy.
Required low temperature up to 100o C can be achieved
by simple flat plate collector.
