This document discusses software defined networks and network function virtualization. It begins by outlining types of network traffic such as elastic and inelastic traffic. It then discusses increasing demands for data from big data, cloud computing and mobile traffic. It introduces quality of service and quality of experience metrics for networks. The document then describes software defined networking which separates the control plane and data plane to better manage traffic flows. Finally, it outlines network function virtualization which decouples network functions from hardware to allow them to run as software on standard servers.

1. Software Defined
Networks
T S Pradeep Kumar
http://www.nsnam.com
pradeepkumarts@gmail.com

2. Outline
• Types of Traffic
• Demand (Big Data, Cloud and
Mobile Traffic)
• QoS and QoE
• Software Defined Networking
(SDN)
• Network Function Virtualisation
(NFV)

3. Types of Traffic

4. Elastic Traffic
The traffic that adjust to changes in delay or throughput through the
TCP or UDP.
Application protocols like FTP, SMTP, SSH, Telnet, SNMP, HTTP,
HTTPS can be classified as elastic
There could be some changes in
Email is generally insensitive to changes in delay
remote logon and web access (interactive apps) are sensitive to
delay
File transfer is sensitive to throughput when the file size is huge

5. Inelastic traffic
IT does not easily adapt to changes in delay and throughput.
Examples: multimedia transmission, high volume interactive traffic
Requirements of Inelastic traffic
Throughput
Delay or latency
Delay Jitter (magnitude of delay variation)
Example: Live relay of a cricket match, real time applications
Packet Loss

6. Inelastic traffic
Real Time Traffic
Its a part of inelastic traffic
Because of the delay in the internet, the
packets are not arriving exactly, so all the
packets are buffered, delayed and slightly and
then released at a constant rate (as if it is real)

7. Demand for Data

8. Demand
Huge demand for data in these domains
Big Data
network capacity, latency, storage, processing and secure data access
Cloud Computing
Scalability, performance, agility and flexibility
Mobile Traffic
mobile data traffic (55%), managed IP traffic (10%) and internet traffic
(18%) - from Year 2013 to 18
Internet of Things (IoT)

9. Quality of Service and
Quality of Experience

10. QoS
Properties of QoS
Throughput
Delay
Packet Jitter
Error Rate
Packet Loss
Priority
Availability
Security

11. QoE
QoE is a subjective measure of performance measured
by a user
There is no quantifiable measure for QoE
it could be
Perceptual
Psychological
Interactive

12. Software Defined
Networking (SDN)

13. SDN
To cater the needs of increasing traffic and volume of
data it is tough to satisfy the QoS and QoE requirements
So a new type of networking supported are SDN and
NFV

14. SDN

15. SDN functionality
Control Plane
Decides the route the traffic takes
identifies the relative priority of traffic
Data Plane
forwards data based on the control plane

16. Key drivers for SDN
Use of Server Virtualisation
conserve hardware resources, makes single machine
in to multiple servers, independent servers, etc.
Rapid response in allocating resources
existing network can also be used for traffic flow
regulation, different QoS levels and security levels.

17. Network Function
Virtualisation (NFV)

18. NFV
Decouples network functions like
routing, firewalling, intrusion detection,
and network address translation from
hardware platform
it utilises standard virtualisation
technologies that run on high
performance hardwares to virtualise
network functions.

19. NFV

20. NFV
NFV have common features with SDN
move the functionality to software
use commodity hardware platform instead of
proprietary platform
use standardised or open APIs
support more efficient evolution, deployment
and repositioning of network functions.

21. SDN and NFV

22. SDN and NFV

23. Thank you and
Questions?