This document discusses different types of sampling methods used in sociological research. It explains that random sampling aims to select a representative sample where everyone has an equal chance of being selected. However, sampling frames can be flawed. Volunteer sampling is easy but results in a biased non-representative sample. Stratified sampling divides the population into groups and samples proportionally from each. Snowball sampling uses existing participants to recruit more people through social connections but results are not generalizable. The document also evaluates different survey methods and their advantages and limitations.