Social web Ontologies

Semantic Web in Action:

Ontologies for Social Web

S. Garlatti

10/09/09

Outline

¢  Semantic Web
¢  Linked Data
¢  SPARQL

¢  Semantic Web & Social Web
•  FOAF : Friend of Friend
•  SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities
•  SKOS: Simple Knowledge Organisation Systems
•  DOAP: Description of a Project

page 2 Semantic Web in Action

FOAF : Friend of Friend

¢  http://www.wasab.dk/morten/blog/archives/author/mortenf/

¢  http://www.openlinksw.com/blog/~kidehen/

¢  http://www.mkbergman.com/

¢  http://fgiasson.com/blog/

¢  http://virtuoso.openlinksw.com/wiki/main/Main/Ods

¢  http://www.johnbreslin.com/blog/

¢  http://www.wikier.org/

¢  http://swaml.berlios.de/


Social Web : Web 3.0

Web 2.0

[SKOS]

Semantic Web


Social Web : Web 3.0

“I think we could...have both Semantic Web
technology supporting online communities, but
at the same time also online communities can
also support Semantic Web data by being the
sources of people voluntarily connecting things
together.”

Tim Berners-Lee, ISWC2005 Podcast



¢  FOAF (an acronym of Friend of a Friend)

•  Is a machine-readable ontology describing persons, their
activities and their relations to other people and objects.

Anyone can use FOAF to describe him or herself. FOAF allows
groups of people to describe social networks without the need
for a centralised database (Wikipedia)

¢  Everyone can create their own FOAF document and link to it
from their homepage

¢  FOAF documents usually contain personal info, links to
friends, and other related resources



¢ Resources

•  http://www.foaf-project.org/

•  http://websemantique.org/FOAF

•  http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/FOAF



¢  Social vocabulary
•  Information about
-  Person
-  Social Network / Relations
-  Groups (multiple)
-  FOAF can be combined with other vocabularies



¢  Components (data)
•  A way to identify persons across sites / services
-  Privacy

•  A way to describe social network
-  Relations between people

•  Email address (private)
•  Hash of email (semi-public)
•  URL’s (public)



¢  Component (tools)

•  Tools / services

•  Data providers
-  Opening up social media sites

•  Data users / consumers


<rdf:RDF
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"
xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#">
<foaf:Person>
<foaf:name>Jimmy Wales</foaf:name>
<foaf:mbox rdf:resource="mailto:jwales@bomis.com" />
<foaf:homepage rdf:resource="http://www.jimmywales.com/" />
<foaf:nick>Jimbo</foaf:nick>
<foaf:depiction rdf:resource="http://www.jimmywales.com/aus_img_small.jpg" />
<foaf:interest> <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.wikimedia.org"
rdfs:label="Wikipedia" />
</foaf:interest>
<foaf:knows>
<foaf:Person> <foaf:name>Angela Beesley</foaf:name>
</foaf:Person>
</foaf:knows>
</foaf:Person>
</rdf:RDF>



FLICKR

TWITTER
TRIPLES FROM

Source Alexandre Passant

FACEBOOK



¢  Some Tools
•  FOAF-a-matic, by Leigh Dodds : Javascript form to generate
FOAF files

•  FOAFaMaticMark2, Java application for generating FOAF
files.

•  FoaF Explorer, FOAF browser in HTML.

•  FOAFer, FOAF browser in HTML.

•  FOAF.Vix to display FOAF files and to explore et their
relationships.


SIOC: Semantically-Interlinked Online
Communities

¢  SIOC (pronounced "shock")
•  Provides methods for interconnecting discussion methods such as
blogs, forums and mailing lists to each other.

•  It consists of the SIOC ontology, an open-standard machine readable
format for expressing the information contained both explicitly and
implicitly in Internet discussion methods, of SIOC metadata producers
for a number of popular blogging platforms and
content management systems, and of storage and browsing/searching
systems for leveraging this SIOC data (Wikipedia).

¢  Goal of the SIOC ontology: address interoperability issues on the
Social Web

•  SIOC adopted in a framework of 50 applications or modules deployed
on over 400 sites


Communities
¢  “It just dawned on me that the burgeoning SIOC-o-sphere
(online communities exporting and exposing content via
SIOC Ontology) is actually: Blogosphere 2.0” – Kingsley
Idehen, Founder and CEO of OpenLink Software

¢  “SIOC has the potential to become one of the foundational
vocabularies that make Semantic Web applications useful” –
Ivan Herman, W3C / ERCIM

¢  “A project that started back in 2000 called Friend-of-a-Friend
(FOAF) represents relationships between people, as well as
basic contact details. SIOC does this for groups: it extends
the FOAF idea to being able to talk about whole groups of
people. I am excited about SIOC because you can use that
information to determine trust, to let people in.” – Tim
Berners-Lee, Creator of the World Wide Web

Source : John Breslin

Communities

¢  Resources

•  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIOC

•  http://sioc-project.org/

•  http://wiki.sioc-project.org/index.php/Main_Page

•  http://www.w3.org/2008/09/msnws/papers/sioc.html

•  http://www.w3.org/Submission/2007/02/Comment

•  http://www.w3.org/Submission/sioc-spec/


Communities

¢  To fully describe the content and structure of community
sites

¢  To create new connections between online discussion posts
and items, forums and containers

¢  To enable the integration of online community information

¢  To browse connected Social Web items in interesting and
innovative ways

¢  To overcome the chicken-and-egg problem with the Semantic
Web

Source : http://deri.org/, Slideshare hhtp://url.ie/e46


Communities


Communities

¢  SIOC applications list

•  http://rdfs.org/sioc/applications/

¢  SIOC export tools for

•  Blogs and forums: WordPress, phpBB, Drupal, b2evolution

•  “Legacy” applications: mailing lists, IRC

•  New media: Twitter, Jaiku, Facebook, Flickr

•  Enterprise applications: CWE (collaborative work
environments)



Communities
¢  Explore more producers of SIOC data
•  Sioku:
-  SIOC data from Jaiku microblogging service

-  http://sioku.sioc-project.org/

•  SWAML:
-  Exports mailing list archives in RDF

-  http://swaml.berlios.de/

•  OpenLink DataSpaces:
-  Uses SIOC as a representation format for multiple social spaces
-  http://virtuoso.openlinksw.com/wiki/main/Main/OdsIndex/

•  Use the Semantic Radar extension for Firefox for detecting / exploring SIOC
data:
-  http://sioc-project.org/firefox



Communities


Communities

¢  http://swoogle.umbc.edu/
•  http://swoogle.umbc.edu/index.php?
option=com_frontpage&service=search&queryType=search_swd_all&
searchString=garlatti&searchStart=1
¢  http://visinav.deri.org/
•  http://visinav.deri.org/list?keyword=tim+berners+lee&projection=
%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fxmlns.com%2Ffoaf%2F0.1%2Ffamily_name
%3E+.%0A
¢  http://sindice.com/
•  http://sindice.com/search?q=garlatti&qt=term
¢  http://pingthesemanticweb.com/
•  http://pingthesemanticweb.com/ping.php?url=http%3A//
serge.garlatti.free.fr/wordpress/index.php%3Fsioc_type
%3Dpost%26amp%3Bsioc_id%3D126


Communities


Communities

¢  Consuming SIOC as Semantic Web data

•  SIOC = RDF data

•  Generic Semantic Web applications can be used:
-  RDF APIs (Jena, Redland, etc.)

-  RDF crawlers

-  RDF browsers (Tabulator, Zitgist, SIOC RDF Browser, etc.)

-  More apps: http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/SW-FAQ#tools

•  Customised applications can provide more added value and / or better
user interfaces:
-  SIOC Explorer (faceted browsing of SIOC data)

-  Buxon, etc.


Communities

¢  SIOC Browser :

•  http://sparql.captsolo.net/browser/
¢  Semantic Radar: Firefox extension


Communities


Communities
Creating SIOC data Using SIOC data
¢  SIOC APIs ¢  SPARQL endpoints, querying SIOC data
•  SIOC Export API for PHP* •  ODS demo server and MyOpenLink.net*
•  SIOC API for Java* •  #B4mad.Net SPARQL endpoint*
¢  Weblog, forum and CMS exporters ¢  Crawling and browsing SIOC data
•  WordPress SIOC Exporter •  SIOC Crawler
•  Dotclear SIOC Exporter* •  SIOC Browsers* and SIOC Explorer
•  b2evolution SIOC Exporter •  Buxon*
•  Drupal SIOC Exporter ¢  Using SIOC for new data
•  phpBB 2.x SIOC Exporter •  Fishtank*
•  Triplify* •  BAETLE*
¢  Other exporters •  RDFa on Rails*
•  OpenLink DataSpaces* •  IkeWiki*
•  TalkDigger* •  int.ere.st
•  SWAML* •  OpenLink Virtuso AMI*
•  Mailing List Archives* •  Talis Engage*
•  Mailing List Exporter* ¢  Reusing SIOC data
•  Twitter2RDF* •  IKHarvester, notitio.us and JeromeDL
•  IRC2RDF* •  BSCW*, BC*, Corona*
•  Sioku (Jaiku2RDF) SIOC utilities
•  gnizr* ¢  Finding and indexing SIOC data
•  OpenQabal* •  Semantic Radar
•  BlogEngine.NET* •  PingTheSemanticWeb.com*


SKOS: Simple Knowledge Organisation
Systems

¢  SKOS

•  Is a family of formal languages designed for
representation of thesauri, classification schemes,
taxonomies, subject-heading systems, or any other
type of structured controlled vocabulary. SKOS is
built upon RDF and RDFS, and its main objective is
to enable easy publication of controlled structured
vocabularies for the Semantic Web. SKOS is
currently developed within the W3C framework
(Wikipedia).


Systems

¢  Resources

•  http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-skos-primer-20080829/

•  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SKOS

•  http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/

•  http://www.lespetitescases.net/skos-l-avenir-de-la-folksonomie-
y

•  http://websemantique.org/SKOS

•  http://esw.w3.org/topic/SkosDev/DataZone


Systems


DOAP: Description of a Project

¢  DOAP Description of a Project
•  Is an RDF schema and XML vocabulary to describe open-source
projects. It was created and initially developed by Edd Dumbill to
convey semantically information associated with open-source software
projects. It is currently used in the Mozilla Foundation's project page
and in several other software repositories. (Wikipedia)

¢  Resources

•  http://websemantique.org/DOAP

•  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOAP

•  http://doapspace.org/


DOAP: Description of a Project


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